King Post Design

Project: Proposed Care Home Duggers Lane

Project
at

Created by: Paul Kalaitzidis MEng CEng Date: 08/07/14

 King Post Design –

King Post design

Introduction

This report has been created to calculate the size and spacing of the king post
design required for the site at. The geotechnical properties of the existing
ground have been taken from the Risk Management Ground Investigation
Report, their reference. For the calculate the required depth of embedment I use
the Blum method as described in book ‘Earth Pressure and earth retaining
structures’ , CRI clayton, J. Militisky, R.I. woods Blackie Academic and
Professional Second Edition.

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Design diagrams

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

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 King Post Design

Analysis type GEO accordance to EC-7 for King Post Wall

I choose based the Ground investigation report to choose the follow

mechanical properties for the ground earth.

γ = 18KN / m3 , C = 5KPa , φ = 20ο , δ = φ = 20ο

And for backfill

γ = 18KN / m3 , C = 0 , φ = 20ο , δ = φ = 20ο

For the calculate the required depth of embedment I will use the Blum method
as described in book ‘Earth Pressure and earth retaining structures’ , CRI
clayton, J. Militisky, R.I. woods Blackie Academic and Professional Second
Edition. Based on this method firstly calculate the characteristic values of limit
of earth pressures (Active and Passive), to their respective sides of the wall and
from equilibrium from them, produced the theoretical embedded depth.

The coefficient of active pressure for the backfill ( φ = 20ο )

1 − sin(φ )
Is K ah ≅ = 0, 490
1 + sin(φ )
and accordance to EC-7 (Fig C1(α))

K ah ≅ 0.425

Hence we have:

1. Active thrust from backfill

Z = 0.00 m
σ ahg
fill
= K ah (Ζγ ) − 2C K ah ⇒ σ ahg
fill
= 0.425 ×18 × 0 − 2 × 0 × 0.425 ⇒ σ ahg
fill
= 0.0 Kpa

and for

Z = 3.80 m
σ ahg
fill
= K ah ( Ζγ ) − 2C K ah ⇒ σ ahg
fill
= 0.425 ×18 × 3.80 − 2 × 0 × 0.425 ⇒ σ ahg
fill
= 29.07 Kpa

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 King Post Design

And the component of the thrust force from backfill is equal

fill
Pahg = 0.5 × 29.07 × 3.80 = 55.23 KN / M

2 Active thrust from surcharge

q = 5KN

For Z = 0: σ ahq
fill
= K ah q = 0.425 × 5.00 = 2.125KPa
For Z = 3.80: σ ahq
fill
= K ah q = 0.425 × 5.00 = 2.125KPa
Hence the component trust from surcharge is:
fill
Pahq = 2.125 × 3.80 = 8.075Kn / m

3 Active thrust from the earth (ground)

From Z = 3.80 as (3.80 + D) m

The Coefficient of active thrust from the ground

φ = 20o and δ = φ is K ah = 0.425
And we have the follows active thrusts from backfill
For Z = 3,80 : σ ahgsoil
= K ah ( Ζγ ) − 2C K ah = 0.425 ×18 × 3.80 − 2 × 5 × 0.425 = 22.55KPa
And
For Z = 3,80 + D : σ ahg
soil
= K ah ( Ζγ ) − 2C K ah = 0.425 ×18 × (3.80 + D) − 2 × 5 × 0.425 =
= 22.55 + 7.65D

Hence we have component trust from the ground active stress as follow
soil
Pahg = 0.5 × D × (22.55 + 22.55 + 7.65 × D) = 22.55D + 3.825D 2

4 Active thrust from the surcharge (ground)

For Z = 3,80: σ ahq

soil
= K ah q = 0.425 × 5 = 2.125KPa
And
For Z = 3,80 + D : σ ahq
soil
= K ah q = 0.425 × 5 = 2.125KPa
Hence we have component trust from the surcharge active stresses
soil
Pahq = 2.125DKPa

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 King Post Design

5 Passive thrust (ground)

The Coefficient for passive trusts

( K ph ) in accordance to EC − 7 Fig .C 2 ( for φ = 200 and φ = δ ) gives as K ph = 2.8

And we have stresses from passive thrust in ground as follow:

For Z = 0,00 : σ phg
soil
= K ph ( Ζγ ) + 2C K ph = 2.8 ×18 × 0.00 + 2 × 5 × 2.8 = 16.73KPa
For Z = 5,00: σ phg
soil
= K ph ( Ζγ ) + 2C K ph = 2.8 ×18 × D + 2 × 5 × 2.8 = 50.4 D + 16.73 KPa
Hence we have component trust from the surcharge active stresses
soil
Pphg = 0.5D(16.73 + 16.73 + 50.4 D) = 16.73D + 25.20 D 2 KPa

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 King Post Design

For any component thrust forces compute the respectively arm and the resultant
moment

i) From backfill

fill
Pahg = 55.23 KN / m
⎛1⎞
fill
Sahg = D + ⎜ ⎟ H = D + 1.26 m
⎝3⎠
fill
M ahg = Pahg Sahg = 55.23 ( D + 1.26 ) KNm / m
fill fill

ii) From surcharge (backfill)

fill
Pahq = 8.075 KN / m
⎛1⎞
fill
Sahq = D + ⎜ ⎟ H = D + 1.90 m
⎝2⎠
fill
M ahq = Pahq Sahq = 8.075 ( D + 1.90 ) KNm / m
fill fill

iii) From the ground active thrusts

soil
Pahg = 22.55D + 3.825D 2 KN / m
⎛ D ⎞ ⎛ 2σ 1 + σ 2 ⎞ ⎛ D ⎞ ⎛ 2 × 22.55 + 22.55 + 7.65D ⎞
soil
Sahg =⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ = ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟m
⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎝ σ 1 + σ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎝ 22.55 + 22.55 + 7.65 D ⎠
⎛ D ⎞ ⎛ 2 × 22.55 + 22.55 + 7.65 D ⎞
soil
M ahg = ( 22.55D + 3.825D 2 ) ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ KNm / m
⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎝ 22.55 + 22.55 + 7.65 D ⎠

iv) From surcharge (ground)

soil
Pahq = 2.125D KN / m
soil
Sahq = D2 m
soil
M ahq = Pahq
soil soil
Sahq = 1.062 D 2 KNm / m

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 King Post Design

v) From Passive thrust (ground)

soil
Pphg = 16.73D + 25.20 D 2 KN / m
⎛ D ⎞ ⎛ 2σ 1 + σ 2 ⎞ ⎛ D ⎞ ⎛ 2 × 16.73 + 16.73 + 50.4 D ⎞
soil
S phg =⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ = ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟m
⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎝ σ 1 + σ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎝ 16.73 + 16.73 + 50.4 D ⎠
⎛ D ⎞ ⎛ 50.19 + 50.40 D ⎞
soil
M phg = (16.73D + 25.20 D 2 ) ⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟ KNm / m
⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎝ 33.46 + 50.40 D ⎠

And the bellow equation should fulfilled accordance with the EC-7.

1
Ed ( γ F , FK , X K ) ≤ Rd = RK ( FK , X K )
γR
where
Ed = M d = 1.35 ( M ahg
fill
+ M ahg
soil
) + 1.50 ( M ahqfill + M ahqsoil )
and
1 1
Rd = soil
M phg = soil
M phg
γR 1.4
and hence

⎡ ⎛ D ⎞ ⎛ 2 × 22.55 + 22.55 + 7.65D ⎞ ⎤

( ) (
M d = 1.35 ⎢ 55.23 ( D + 1.26 ) + 22.55D + 3.825D 2 ⎜ ⎟ ⎜
⎢⎣
)
⎝ 3 ⎠ ⎝ 22.55 + 22.55 + 7.65D ⎠ ⎦⎥
⎟⎥

( ) (
+ 1.50 ⎡⎢ 8.075 ( D + 1.90 ) + 1.062 D 2 ⎤⎥
⎣ )⎦

and we found the solution of D by arithmetic technique equal to 6.50 m

but but accordance to EC7 guidelines must increased plus 20%
hence

D ' = 6.50 × 1.20 = 7.80 m

and
H tot = H + D ' = 3.80 + 7.80 ⇒ H tot = 11.60 ( m )

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 King Post Design

Required section modulus for walls

M 1900 Knm / m
Sre = = = 63 ×10−6 m3 / m
σ all 30 ×10 Kn / m
6 2

I choose wall with thichness d = 0.20 m

bh 2 1× 0.202
Sw = = ⇒ S w = 6.66 ×10−3 ≥ Sre
6 6

and required reinforcement

M 1900 ×103
Aw = = ≅ 44mm 2 / m
0.9 f y l 0.9 × ( 460 /1.15 ) ×120
use minimum reinforcement amount

100 As 0.15 × 1000 × 200

= 0.15 ⇒ As = ⇒ As = 300 mm 2 / m
bd 100
And we choose 2 mat type A393 (one per side of the wall)

and we use columns type UC203/2.5 m

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 King Post Design

Summary

King Post Design

From the design above it can be seen that a king post system can be used at this
location to retain a maximum height of 3.8 m. This will require 7.80 m deep
columns to be positioned at 2.6m centres so that the 2.5m wide concrete panels
can be inserted in between. This will result in the 4.00 m height of the panels
providing some additional edge protection.

Design sketch

Existing Ground Level

2.5m wide x
4m deep
3.8m
metal panel
Dig

Dig Level

7.80 m deep
columns

600mm surround

Elevation Section

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