General Chemistry I

Chemistry: The central science

Phong D. Tran
Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences
University of Science and Technology of Hanoi
Email: tran-dinh.phong@usth.edu.vn
Office 305, USTH Building
Lab 703-707, USTH Building

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About myself…

2016: Habilitation a Diriger des Recherches (HDR)

2007: PhD

2003: Bachelor of Sciences

Research & teaching experiences @

@ USTH since July 2015

 Research: Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage

Natural photosynthesis:
A fascinating machinery for CO2 fixation and solar-to-chemical energy conversion

6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2

 Research: Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage

Natural photosynthesis:
A fascinating machinery for CO2 fixation and solar-to-chemical energy conversion

6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2

 Research: Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage

Artificial Leaf

Catalyst for H2 generation

Tran et al., Nature Materials, 2016, 15, 640–646

Our first Artificial leaf

Operating conditions
* 1 Sun illumination
* pH 9.0 phosphate buffer
* Leaf surface: 1 cm2
Please join us to build up a competitive research group
Myself as a lecturer (in 2015)

…Up to YOU!
Myself as a lecturer (in 2021)
 Rules in General Chemistry Class

* No Personal Stuffs (Music, Phone, Google, Facebook, etc)

* Actively involve in discussion/ exchange

* Teaching:
Important concepts will be provided/ explained
Lecture instruction  Students work with text book

Good performance: Bonus to the final result

The Text Book
 General Chemistry I 28h lecture (14 sections)
Part I: Introduction
1. General Introduction (Role of Chemistry): Section 1
2. Matter and Measurement: Sections 2,3

Part II: Structure of Atom and Molecule

1. Atoms (atomic structure, electronic structure of atoms): Sections 4-6
2. Periodic properties of elements: Sections 7,8
3. Bonding theories: Sections 9,10
4. Molecular geometry: Sections 11,12
5. Chemical reactions: Section 13
06 Tutorial sections
Tutorials + Attendance (10%)
Midterm (40%): After the Lecture 8
Final Exam (50%)
...On Facebook after 2020 class Midterm

Credit: USTH students class 2020

...Score 2020 (Midterm)
 What is Chemistry/ Chemical Science?

Why is Chemistry/ Chemical Science important?

How is Chemistry/ Chemical Science easy?

What can we expect from this General Chemistry lecture?

What is Chemistry/ Chemical Science?
Chemistry is about color, smell, …
About daily phenomenon?

The smells of fruits

Chemistry:
The study of composition, properties and reactivity of matter.

Chemical Changes
Physical Changes

Matter
 The central role of Chemistry

* How is chemistry important to understand (your) specific field?

* What can you do with a strong chemistry background?

http://globalseminar.weebly.com/global-issues-of-the-21st-century.html
Energy challenge
A remarkable partnership…
Li battery technology
 PV - Electrolyser assemblage

PV

Electrolyzer

The Horizon Fuel Cell Car Science Kit

You can see and play with this demonstration kit at Department of Energy
(Lab 508, USTH building)
 Overall chemical processes

2H2O  O2 + 4H+ + 4e E0` = +0.82 V vs. NHE

2H+ + 2e  H2 E0` = -0.41V vs. NHE

2H2 + O2  2H2O E0` = - 1.23V vs. NHE

Energy

E*
H2 + ½ O2
G0` = +237.4
(KJ. mol1)

H2O

Reaction coordination
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Drug delivery
Drug delivery refers to approaches, formulations, technologies, and systems for
transporting a pharmaceutical compound in the body as needed to safely achieve
its desired therapeutic effect

Controlled delivery
(dose, route etc)

Drug
Target

To realize a smart delivery?

+ drug`s chemical formulation
+ medical devices
+ drug-device combination
 Li dendrimer
Drug delivery: Employing of battery technology
as carrier
Drug encapsulation
Drug encapsulation

Requirements
* Chemical bonding (covalent and non-covalent bond)
* Chemical functionalization
(e.g. introduction of amine, carboxylic group)
etc
Drug release

Driving forces?
* Temperature
* pH
etc

Released drug
Requirements
* Chemical equilibrium
* Phase transition
* Induced chemical reaction
Drug release: photo induced chemical reaction

h Reduction/ oxidation
driving force

linker

Photosensitizer Encapsulated
drug

Released drug
Drug release: How does a photosensitizer react under illumination?

Example of a Ru-based dye

Strong reductive
force

Strong oxidative
force

Requirements
* Molecular orbitals/ Molecular structure
* Redox chemistry
Thalidomide: A controversial chiral drug
(introduced in 1957 by a West Germany pharmaceutical company)

Enantiomer causing side effects Enantiomer providing wanted effects

to new born babies to pregnant women

Requirements:
* Organic chemistry
* Chiral chemistry (lock  key concept, purification of chiral products etc)
Environment challenges

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Pollutants

+ Inorganic: Co2+, Ni2+, Fe3+, Pb2+, As3+/As5+, etc

H2S, NOx, NO3 etc

+ Organic: Solvents, Dyes, Pesticides, Dioxin, Medical waste, food additives etc

Challenges:
* Detecting these pollutants (at low concentration)
* Removing these pollutants from environment
* Destroying these pollutants

The context of dioxin pollution in Vietnam is extremely complicated

H2S detoxification

Mishanina et al., Nature Chemical Biology, 2015, 11, 457-464

Living with As environment

Simon Silver and Le T. Phung, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2005, 71, 599–608
Living with N-based environment
Membrane-bound nitrate reductase A (NarGHI) from E. coli
Membrane-bound nitrate reductase A (NarGHI) from E. coli

Requirements:
* Bio(Inorganic chemistry)
Biomimetic chemistry
* Coordination chemistry
(copying the natural systems to make
* Redox chemistry functioning artificial systems)
Lotus effect

Hydrophobic surface

Sun light
Catalysts
6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2
???...
“Nước đổ lá khoai”
Lotus effect

Enquiries
* Surface chemistry (introduction of chemical
functionalization, creation of nanostructured
surface etc)
* Redox chemistry (or photoinduced redox
chemistry)
Questions/ Comments?
1. Describe the atomic structure?
2. How was the atomic structure discovered?
 General Chemistry I

Chemistry: The central science

Phong D. Tran
Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences
University of Science and Technology of Hanoi
Email: tran-dinh.phong@usth.edu.vn
Office 305, USTH Building
Lab 703-707, USTH Building

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