TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

THESIS DECLARATION i

ACKNOWLEDGMENT ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS iii

LIST OF TABLES viii

LIST OF FIGURES x

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xiii

LIST OF SYMBOLS xvi

ABSTRAK xvii

ABSTRACT xviii

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Motivation of Study 1

1.3 Problem Statement 2

1.4 Objectives 3

1.5 Scopes 3

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1.6 Report Structures 4

CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction 5

2.2 Wireless Technology 5

2.3 Wireless Sensor Node 6

2.4 Data Compression for Low Power Wireless Sensor Node 7

2.5 Summary 13

CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY

3.1 Introduction 14

3.2 Algorithm 15

3.2.1 Huffman Algorithm 15

3.3 Architecture 25

3.3.1 Block Diagram of Huffman Encoder 25

3.3.2.1 Data Retriever (DR) 27

3.3.2.2 Frequency Calculator (FC) 28

3.3.2.3 Probability Calculator (PC) 29

3.3.2.4 Huffman Tree Generator (HTG) 32

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 3.3.2.5 Huffman Code Generator (HCG) 36

3.3.2 Architecture Design Flow 37

3.4 Benchmark Data 39

3.4.1 Temperature 40

3.4.2 Humidity 41

3.4.3 Electrocardiograph (ECG) 42

3.4.4 Text 44

CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

4.1 Introduction 46

4.2 Analysis Environment 46

4.3 Huffman Algorithm Results and Discussions 48

4.3.1 Temperature 48

4.3.1.1 Best Case Scenario 48

4.3.1.2 Typical Case Scenario 50

4.3.1.3 Worst Case Scenario 52

4.3.1.4 Summary for Temperature Data 54

4.3.2 Humidity 54

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 4.3.2.1 Best Case Scenario 55

4.3.2.2 Typical Case Scenario 56

4.3.2.3 Worst Case Scenario 58

4.3.2.4 Summary for Humidity Data 60

4.3.3 Electrocardiograph (ECG) 60

4.3.3.1 Best Case Scenario 61

4.3.3.2 Typical Case Scenario 62

4.3.3.3 Worst Case Scenario 64

4.3.3.4 Summary for ECG Data 66

4.3.4 Text 66

4.3.4.1 Best Case Scenario 67

4.3.4.2 Typical Case Scenario 67

4.3.4.3 Worst Case Scenario 68

4.3.4.4 Summary for Text Data 69

4.4 Huffman Architecture Results and Discussions 69

4.4.1 ModelSim Results 69

4.4.2 Power Consumption Results 80

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 4.4.3 Energy Consumption Results 82

4.4.4 Area Layout Results 82

4.5 Work Summary 86

CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Overall Conclusion 88

5.2 Commercialization Potential 89

5.3 Contribution 90

5.4 Future Work Recommendation 90

REFERENCES 92

APPENDIX 94

LIST OF PUBLICATIONS 104

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