Chapter 7 Notes

CH7
Notes 5/75/11
This week we are going to learn about sentence structure.
Label your notes for today:
Chapter 7: Sentence Structure Simple 5/7/12
You will need to copy down all of the BLUE inked material
throughout this lesson.
Test on Friday!
May 66:35 PM
What is sentence structure?
Sentence structure refers to the clauses in a sentence. The
structure of the sentence depends on the types of clauses and
the number of clauses.
May 66:36 PM
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CH7 Notes 5/75/11
Remember, we covered clauses in chapter 6 (last chapter).
There are two types of clauses: independent and dependent.
Independent clauses are clauses that can stand on their own
and act as a complete thought.
Dependent clauses cannot stand on their own and do not
express a complete thought.
May 66:42 PM
Before we can begin simple sentences, let's look at:
What makes a sentence.
All sentences MUST have a subject and a predicate.
May 66:46 PM
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What is a Simple Sentence?
A simple sentence contains one independent clause (a subject
and a predicate) and expresses a complete thought.
s v
Ex 1: Some students enjoy playing football at lunch.
s s v
Ex 2: Jean and Martin studied for their test in the morning.
s v v
Ex 3: Alicia goes to the library and studies every day.
May 66:49 PM
Sometimes in a simple sentence, we can have a compound
subject.
A compound subject is when two or more simple subjects
share the same verb (or action).
Ex 1: Sand and sun make Hawaii a popular vacation spot.
Ex 2: Surfing and swimming can be done on these beaches.
Ex 3: Both soccer and crosscountry require a lot of running.
May 66:49 PM
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CH7 Notes 5/75/11
We may have a compound predicate (verb) instead of a
compound subject.
A compound predicate is when two or more actions are done by
one person or thing.
Ex 1: A panther sprawls along a limb and relaxes in a tree.
Ex 2: Lawrence caught the ball and dropped it.
Ex 3: People have invented and used many types of machines.
May 66:49 PM
Sometimes, we could even have both!
s s v
Ex 1: The astronomer and her assistant studied the meteor and
v
wrote reports.
s s v v
Ex 2: Charlie and Jake like to play and read books to Lola.
s s v v
Ex 3: Sports and academics require time and help you succeed.
Don't get these confused with compound sentences!
May 66:50 PM
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*Keep in mind*
Compound sentences are TWO complete thoughts joined
together using a comma and conjunction [, and ; , or ; , but].
A simple sentence is just ONE idea that can have a compound
subject or a compound verb. It is still only ONE thought.
May 66:50 PM
In Class Activity (or homework, depending on time).
Write these down, skipping 2 lines between each. Then, write
one sentence for each one. Make sure you leave yourself
enough space to write 8TH GRADE sentences!
I'm going to abbreviate simple sentence with SS.
1. Write a SS (1 sub, 1 verb).
2. Write a SS with a compound subject. (2+ s, 1 v)
3. Write a SS with a compound predicate/verb. (1 s, 2+ v)
4. Write a SS with a compound subject AND a compound
predicate. (2+ s, 2+v)
5. Write a SS with three subjects and two verbs.
Your test & NB check will be this FRIDAY! 5/11
May 67:37 PM
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CH7 Notes 5/75/11
Chapter 7: Sentence Structure Compound 5/8/12
Quick Refresher!
Yesterday, we learned:
All sentences have a subject and a predicate.
Two types of clauses: independent and dependent.
Sentence structure refers to the clauses in a sentence.
A simple sentence has only one independent clause.
May 88:10 AM
A compound sentence contains TWO OR MORE independent
clauses and NO subordinate clauses.
These two independent clauses are joined by a comma and a
conjunction remember FANBOYS?
Ex 1: We wanted ice cream, but the shop was already closed.
May 88:12 AM
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We could also have more than two independent clauses that
make up a compound sentence.
Ex 1: The whistle blew, the drums rolled, and the crowd
cheered. Three independent clauses joined by and
May 88:19 AM
Do not confuse a compound sentence for a simple sentence
with a compound subject or compound verb.
Simple Sentence: Alberto and Jared increased their speed and
passed the other runners. [Compound subject and predicate, ONE idea]
Compound Sentence: Alberto led for half the race, and then
Jared took the lead. [Two separate sentences/ideas]
May 88:22 AM
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CH7 Notes 5/75/11
What type is it?
Simple or Compound?
1. The director visited our class, and we listened to his stories for
almost an hour. compound
2. Tim and John both went to see his play. simple
3. Directors cannot always predict the reactions of the audience, nor
can they always control the behavior of the audience. compound
4. Mr. Henry, the director, was pleased with our attentiveness during
his presentation. simple
5. Melissa and Kelly laid in the sun and swam in the pool. simple
May 88:25 AM
Copy this table into your notes.
It will help you study for your test!
May 88:17 AM
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CH7 Notes 5/75/11
Chapter 7: Sentence Structure Complex 5/9/12
Review!
A simple sentence is made up of ___ _________ clause.
A compound sentence is made up of ___ _________ clauses.
_________ means that the clause can stand on its own as a
complete thought.
May 88:31 AM
A complex sentence contains ONE independent clause and
at least ONE subordinate clause.
Remember! What is an independent clause?
What is a dependent clause?
May 98:07 AM
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CH7 Notes 5/75/11
Examples of Independent Clauses:
We went to the store.
Sarah's family recently moved to a new house.
I felt really prepared for the test.
Examples of Dependent Clauses:
...before we left for home...
...when I watched the show for the first time...
...since I had been studying for so many hours...
May 98:13 AM

When we combine at least one dependent clause with one
independent clause, we end up with a complex sentence.
Complex = 1+ dependent + 1 independent
Ex 1: While it was raining, we waited inside for the bus.
Dependent Independent
Ex 2: We hadn't seen them in a long time since they moved
Independent Dependent
to a different state.
May 98:16 AM
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Notice how both of these examples are complex sentences.
The subordinate clause can come at the beginning, the
middle, or end of the sentence.
China is a largely agricultural country which has a population
of more than one billion people.
China, which has a population of more than one billion
people, is a largely agricultural country.
May 98:28 AM
Underline the dependent clause in green and the independent
clause in red.
1: When I watch Martha Graham’s performance, I feel
like studying dance.
2: The detective show appeared on television for
several weeks before it became popular with viewers.
May 98:22 AM
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dependent clause in green and independent clause in red.
3: As studies continued, many important facts about the new
planet were discovered.
4: You may go to the game after your homework is finished.
5: My brother bought one of those old coins although it was
nearly worthless.
May 98:24 AM
Update your chart!
May 98:28 AM
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CH7 Notes 5/75/11
What type is it?! Simple, Compound, or Complex?
1. I tried to speak French, but I was not successful.
2. When he turned in his essay, he forgot the rough draft.
3. Some athletes like to go running in the early morning after a good
thunderstorm.
4. The boys were watching the game, so the girls went shopping.
5. Maria and Jody went to the movies after volleyball practice.
6. When the air is cool, make sure you wear a jacket.
7. Mrs. Fraleigh returned the homework after she saw the fringes.
8. We didn't read the book, nor did we see the movie.
9. The tall, humorous boy with the straight, brown hair laughed
uproariously at his best friend’s suggestion.
10. Kelsey was excited, for her birthday was coming soon.
May 99:05 AM
Chapter 7: Sentence Structure CompoundComplex 5/10/12
Label your notes!
May 108:05 AM
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CH7 Notes 5/75/11
Review!
A simple sentence is made up of ___ _________ clause.
A compound sentence is made up of ___ _________ clauses.
A complex sentence is made up of ___ _________ clause(s) and
___ _________ clause(s).
Both independent clauses and dependent clauses have a _______
and a ________, but only the independent clauses expresses a
complete _________.
May 108:12 AM
A compoundcomplex sentence contains TWO or MORE
independent clauses and AT LEAST ONE dependent clause.
A compound complex sentence is a mixture between compound and
complex sentence hence the name!
When we have a compound sentence, and we add a dependent
clause to it, we have a compoundcomplex sentence.
May 108:13 AM
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CH7 Notes 5/75/11
For example: We have the following independent clauses and
dependent clause.
Independent: We went to the store.
Independent: We bought a new umbrella.
Dependent: ...because it was raining outside...
When we sandwich the independent clauses together with a comma
and a conjunction, we end up with a compound sentence.
Ex: We went to the store, and we bought a new umbrella.
May 108:16 AM
Independent: We went to the store.
Independent: We bought a new umbrella.
Dependent: ...because it was raining outside...
We went to the store, and we bought a new umbrella.
Voila! A compound sentence! When we add the dependent clause,
we get a compoundcomplex sentence.
Ex: We went to the store, and we bought a new umbrella because it
was raining outside.
May 108:19 AM
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CH7 Notes 5/75/11
Ex 2: When Bill left, he locked the door, but he forgot to turn off the
lights.
IND:
IND:
DEP:
Ex 3: We told them that their plan wouldn't work, but they wouldn't
listen to us.
IND:
IND:
DEP:
May 108:20 AM
Ex 4: Our new neighbors, who moved in last month, have painted
their house, and the children have put up a basketball hoop.
IND:
IND:
DEP:
Ex 5: We brought stuff for tacos, but they had ordered pizza, which
everyone enjoyed.
IND:
IND:
DEP:
May 108:24 AM
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CH7 Notes 5/75/11
Just because a sentence is reallllllly long… DOES NOT MEAN is has
to be complex or compoundcomplex.
Now that you can tell the difference, you should be counting the
number of clauses! Break each sentence down just like we did for all
the examples in this chapter.
May 108:24 AM
Be careful!
You don't want to end up with a runon sentence!
May 108:27 AM
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CH7 Notes 5/75/11
Complete your table!
Keep this handy!
(like... for tomorrow)
May 108:30 AM
At your table, work on the following sentences. Make sure to
write the names of all those who participated. These will be
collected at the bell.
1. Write a simple sentence.
2. Simple with a compound subject.
3. Compound using the conjunction so.
4. Compound using the conjunction and.
5. Complex sentence with a dependent clause at the end of
the sentence.
6. Complex sentence with a dependent clause at the
beginning of the sentence.
7. Write a compoundcomplex sentence.
May 108:30 AM
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