MINDANAO STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Law - General Santos City Extension

Laurel Street, General Santos City
PROFESSOR GLENDA NARCILLA- YUSON
email add: glenda.yuson@msumain.edu.ph
FB: Glenda Yuson

COURSE SYLLABUS

Course Title: CONSTITUTIONAL LAW 1

No. of Units: Three (3)

Semester/SY: First Semester/SY 2022-2023

I. COURSE DESCRIPTION AND OBJECTIVES

This course will comprehensively discuss the basic principles nature and formation, including
Philippine constitutional history, the structure and powers of the Philippine Government under the
Constitution, the amendment/revision process, judicial review, the State, citizenship and the various
constitutional organs and offices. Further, the core concepts in Constitutional Theory shall be
incorporated in all discussions. Emphasis shall be given in discussion of judicial processes in
constitutional cases, the power interaction within the constitutional system, to the relationships of the
three main branches of government, with further weight given on some of the powers and limitations of
the executive, legislative and judicial bodies that arise from the principles of separation of powers and
checks and balances. Moreover, an important element of the discussion shall be the analysis of the
principles growing out of the interpretation and application by the Supreme Court of the all facets of the
study of Constitutional Law.

II. LEARNING OUTCOMES

Upon completion of this course, students will be able to acquire fundamental knowledge on:

a. Political and Constitutional Law, its nature and concept;

b. National Territory, Philippine Citizenship, and Sovereign Immunity;
c. Structure, Powers and limitations of the Philippine Government i.e., executive, legislative
and judicial departments and their agencies, under the Philippine Constitution:
d. Judicial Review;
e. Amendment/revision process of the Philippine Constitution;
f. General Provisions of the Philippine Constitution;
g. Principles and Policies under the Philippine Constitution;
h. Constitutional Commissions; and

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 i. Jurisprudence interpreting and applying the foregoing.

III. TEACHING METHODOLOGY

The modified Socratic method or question and answer system shall be the principal method of
instruction to enable students to think clearly under pressure, learn to analyze problem situations and
develop in them a critical attitude towards the subject matter being discussed. The Socratic method is a
system characterized by class recitation which has been found to be most effective in developing the
student's power of analysis, reasoning ability, and facility of expression. Assignments on codal provisions,
court decisions, and authorities are given by the professor, and students are called upon to recite to
determine whether they have properly and correctly assimilated the law, its philosophy, and its
application. However, due to the increase in the number of decided cases by the Supreme Court and the
number of new laws enacted by Congress, modern teaching techniques shall be adopted. Group
discussions, role-playing, moot court and other methods may be also used as additional methods of
instruction.

IV. COURSE REQUIREMENTS AND GRADING SYSTEM

Course Requirements Grade Breakdown

Recitations 30%
Attendance, Case Digests, writing exercises, 10%
and other class activities
Midterm Examination 30%
Final Examination 30%
Total 100%

V. COURSE POLICIES

1. Attendance will be checked after every class session.

2. Students shall come to class decently dressed in appropriate attire. Informal or house attire (i.e.,
shorts, undershirts, pajamas, flip-flop slippers, etc.) is absolutely prohibited. The Law Professor
reserves the right to determine whether a student’s attire is appropriate.
3. Students should step out of the class to use mobile phones. Laptops and similar gadgets may be
used for taking down notes or researching for class as long as they are put on silent mode or the
speakers are turned off.
4. As students of the law and future lawyers, it is imperative that all law students respect authority
and strictly observe all applicable laws, rules, and regulations.
5. The Law Professor further reserves the right to amend/revise and/or establish any course
policy/ies as the course progresses. Such amended/revised and/or new policy/ies shall be
immediate effective and binding upon due notice to the pertinent law students.

VI. COURSE OUTLINE

Week 1
9 September 2022
Introduction to the course, and orientation on the course requirements, course policies and
grading system.

Discussion on: Academic Freedom

a. (Article 14, Section 5 of the 1987 Constitution subparagraph 2)

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 b. Cases: DECS v. San Diego, G.R. No. 89572 (1989); Garcia vs. Faculty of Admission, 68 SCRA
277 (1975); Calawag v. UP Visayas, 703 SCRA 373 (2013)

Discussion and Recitations on:

The Constitution

I. DEFINITION, NATURE AND CONCEPTS

A. Political Law
 MACARIOLA V. ASUNCION, 114 SCRA 77 (1982)

B. Constitutional Law

 Doctrine of Relative Constitutionality

Week 2
16 September 2022
Discussion and Recitations on the following topics:

C. Constitution

 Types/Kinds of Constitution
 History of the 1987 Philippine Constitution
a. The February 1986 Revolution and the Proclamation of the Provisional Constitutional
 Proclamation No. 1 – 25 February 1986 (Provisional Government)
 Proclamation No. 2 – 2 March 1986 (Provisional Constitution)
 LAWYERS LEAGUE V. AQUINO, G.R. NO. 73748, 22 MAY 1986
 IN RE: BERMUDEZ, 145 SCRA 160 (1986)
 LETTER OF ASSOCIATE JUSTICE PUNO, 210 SCRA 589 (1992)
 Proclamation No. 3 – 25 March 1986

b. Adoption and Effectivity of the Present Constitution

 Article V of the Provisional Constitution
 Section 27, Article XVIII of the 1987 Constitution
 Proclamation No. 58 – 11 February 1987
 DE LEON V. ESGUERRA, 153 SCRA 602 (1987)

c. Compare with Effectivity of Statutes

 TAÑADA V. TUVERA, 136 SCRA 27 (1985)
 TAÑADA V. TUVERA, 146 SCRA 446 (1986)
 E.O. 200 – 18 June 1987, amending Article 2 of the Civil Code

D. Classification of Constitutions

E. Basic Principles of Constitutional Interpretation

a. Construction
 MANILA PRINCE HOTEL V. GSIS, 267 SCRA 408 (1997)
 DOMINO V. COMELEC, 310 SCRA 546 (1999)
 PAMATONG V. COMELEC, 427 SCRA 96 (2004)
 CHAVEZ V. JBC, 696 SCRA 496 (2013)

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 b. Self-Executing and Non-Self-Executing Provisions
 MANILA PRINCE HOTEL V. GSIS, 267 SCRA 408 (1997)

Week 3
23 September 2022
Discussion and Recitations on the following topics:

F. Judicial Review
 ANNOTATION – JUDICIAL REVIEW, 583 SCRA 142 (2009)

a. Separation of Powers
 ANGARA V. ELECTORAL COMMISSION, 63 PHIL. 139 (1936)
 RE: COA OPINION, 678 SCRA 1 (2012)
 GARCIA V. DRILON, 699 SCRA 352 (2013)
 CARPIO-MORALES V. CA, 774 SCRA 431 (2015)

b. Presumption of Constitutionality
 PEREZ V. PEOPLE, 544 SCRA 532 (2008)

c. Condition for the Exercise of Judicial Review

 MANILA MEMORIAL V. DSWD, 711 SCRA 302 (2013)
 FUNA V. MANILA ECONOMIC OFFICE, 715 SCRA 247 (2015)
 DISINI V. SECRETARY OF JUSTICE, 716 SCRA 237 (2014)
 IMBONG V. OCHOA, 721 SCRA 146 (2014)
 RAPPLER V. BAUTISTA, 788 SCRA 442 (2016)

d. Functions of Judicial Review: Checking, Legitimating, and Symbolic

 JAVIER V. COMELEC, 144 SCRA 194 (1986)
 ABS-CBN V. COMELEC, 323 SCRA 811 (2000)
 CENTRAL BANK V. BSP, 446 SCRA 229 (2004)

e. All Courts can Exercise Judicial Review

 YNOT V. IAC, 148 SCRA 659 (1987)
 BROKENSHIRE V. MINISTER, 182 SCRA 5 (1990)
 ONGSUCO V. MALONES, 604 SCRA 449 (2009)

f. Effects of Declaration of Unconstitutionality

 Law – Article 7, New Civil Code of the Philippines
 SERRANO DE AGBAYANI V. PNB, 38 SCRA 429 (1971)
 FLORES V. DRILON, 223 SCRA 568 (1993)
 ALDOVINO V. ALUNAN III, 230 SCRA 825 (1994)


 Operative Fact Doctrine
 HACIENDA LUISITA V. PARC, 660 SCRA 525 (2011)
 COCOFED V. REPUBLIC, 663 SCRA 514 (2012)
 CIR V. PUREGOLD, 760 SCRA 96 (2015)

 Political Question versus Justiciable Question

 OPOSA V. FACTORAN, 224 SCRA 792 (1993)
 COMELEC V. CRUZ, 605 SCRA 167 (2009)

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  VINUYA V. ROMULO, 619 SCRA 533 (2010) AND 732 SCRA 595
(2014)

g. Parts of the Constitution (of Government, of Liberties, of Sovereignty)

Week 4
30 September 2022
Discussion and Recitations on the following topics:

II. AMENDMENTS AND REVISIONS

A. Amendment

B. Revision

C. Difference between Amendment and Revision

D. Legal Tests

E. Steps in the Amendatory

a. Proposal
 Sections 1 and 2, Article XVII
 GONZALES V. COMELEC, 21 SCRA 774 (1967)

 By Congress: Section 1, Article XV, 1935 Constitution

 GONZALES V. COMELEC, 21 SCRA 774 (1967)

 By Constitutional convention, Section 3, Article XVII

 By the People through Initiative: Section 2, Article XVII; Sections 5 and 9

(b), Republic Act No. 6735
 DEFENSOR-SANTIAGO V. COMELEC, 270 SCRA 106 (1997)

b. Ratification
 In case the amendment is proposed by Congress or Convention,
Paragraph 1, Section 4, Article XVII

 In case of amendments proposed through initiative, Paragraph 2, Section

4, Article XVII

 Plebiscite to be called by Congress and supervised by COMELEC, but the

initiative on Constitution will be called by COMELEC

 Doctrine of Proper Submission

c. Theories regarding the position of a Constitutional Convention in our system of

Government
 TOLENTINO V. COMELEC, 41 SCRA 701 (1971)

d. Judicial Review of the Amending Process; Paragraph 1, Section 1, Article VIII

 GONZALES V. COMELEC, 21 SCRA 774 (1967)
 TOLENTINO V. COMELEC, 41 SCRA 701 (1971)

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  JAVELLANA V. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, 50 SCRA 30 (1972)

III. GENERAL PROVISIONS (ARTICLE XVI)

A. Flag of the Philippines

B. Name of the Country, National Anthem and National Seal

C. Armed Forces of the Philippines

D. Police Force

E. Consumer Protection

F. Mass Media

G. Advertising Industry

Week 5
07 October 2022

Discussion and Recitations on the following topics:

GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

IV. NATIONAL TERRITORY (ARTICLE I)

The Philippine as a State

 COLLECTOR V. CAMPOS RUEDA, 42 SCRA 23 (1971)

A. Territory – The Archipelago Concept

 NICOLAS V. ROMULO, 578 SCRA 23 (2009)
 SAGUISAG V. OCHOA, 779 SCRA 241 (2016)

a. The Philippine Archipelago

 Treaty Limits: (1) Article III of the Treaty of Paris; (2) Treaty of
Washington between Spain and USA (7 November 1900); (3) Treaty
between USA and Great Britain (2 January 1930)

 Methods of Determining Baselines: (1) R.A. No. 3046 – 17 June 1961; (2)
R.A. No. 5446 – 8 September 1968; (3) R.A. No. 9522 – 10 March 2009

 Other Territories over which the Philippines has Sovereignty or

Jurisdiction: (1) P.D. No. 1596 (11 June 1978) – Kalayaan Islands;
“Scarborough Shoal”

 The Territorial Sea, the Sea Bed, the Subsoil, the Insular Shelves and
Other Submarine Areas

 Two Hundred (200) mile Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ): (1) P.D. No.
1599 (11 June 1978); (2) U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea (30 April
1982)

B. People

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 a. Different meaning of the word “People” under the Constitution

 Inhabitants: Sections 15 and 16, Article II; Section 2, Article III

 QUA CHEE GAN V. DEPORTATION BOARD, 9 SCRA 27 (1963)

 Citizens: Preamble; Sections 1 and 4, Article II, Section 7, Article III

 Electors: Section 2, Article VI; Section25, Article XVIII

b. Citizenship
 Who are Citizens: Section 1, Article IV and 16, Article II; Section 2,
Article III
 Annotation – On Citizenship, 197 SCRA 928 (1991); 232 SCRA
800 (1994); 257 SCRA 795 (1996); and 337 SCRA 558 (2000)
 TECSON V. COMELEC, 424 SCRA 277 (2004)
 VILANDO V. HRET, 656 SCRA 17 (2011)
 POE V. COMELEC, 786 SCRA 1 (2016)

 Election of Philippine Citizenship: Commonwealth Act No. 625 (7 June

1941)
 IN RE: CHING, 316 SCRA 1 (1999)
 REPUBLIC V. SAGUN, 666 SCRA 321 (2012)

 Natural-Born Citizens: Section 2, Article IV

 Annotation - On Natural-Born Citizenship, 357 SCRA 580

1. President: Section 2, Article VII

2. Vice President: Section 3, Article VII
3. Members of Congress: Sections 3 and 6, Article VI
4. Justices of the Supreme Court and Lower Collegiate Courts:
Section 8, Article VIII
 KILOSBAYAN V. ERMITA, 526 SCRA 353 (2007)

5. Ombudsman and Deputies: Section 8, Article XI

6. Constitutional Commission Members: (i) Section 1 (1), Article
IX-B; (ii) Section 1(1), Article IX-C; Section 1(1), Article IX-D
7. Central Monetary Authority Members: Section 20, Article XII
8. Commission on Human Rights Members: Section 17(2), Article
XIII

 Naturalized Citizens: R.A. No. 9139 (8 June 1991); Commonwealth Act

No. 473 (17 June 1939)
 GO V. REPUBLIC, 729 SCRA 138 (2014)

1. Who are qualified to be Naturalized: (1) Note effect of R.A. No.

6809 – Age of Majority; (2) Note effect on language
requirement: Section 6, Article XIV; (3) Residency requirement
reduced to five (5) years
2. Declaration of Intention
3. Procedure
4. When Decision is Executory: Section 15, R.A. No. 530
 REPUBLIC V. LI CHING CHUNG, 694 SCRA 249 (2013)

5. Denaturalization: R.A. No. 9139 (8 June 1991)

 CO V. CIVIL REGISTER, 423 SCRA 420 (2004)
 REPUBLIC V. ONG, 673 SCRA 485 (2012)
 REPUBLIC V. BATUIGAS, 706 SCRA 746 (2013)

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Week 6
14 October 2022

c. Loss and Reacquisition of Citizenship: (i) Section 3, Article IV; (ii) Commonwealth Act
No. 63
 AASJS v. DATUMANONG, 523 SCRA 108 (2007)
 SOBEJANA-CONDON V. COMELEC, 678 SCRA 267 (2012)
 MAQUILING V. COMELEC, 696 SCRA 420; 700 SCRA 367
(2013)

d. Naturalization in a Foreign Country
 REPUBLIC V. DELA ROSA, 232 SCRA 785 (1994)
 GUY V. IGNACIO, 622 SCRA 678 (2010)

e. Express Renunciation or Expatriation

 YU V. DEFENSOR-SANTIAGO, 169 SCRA 364 (1989)
 SOBEJANA-CONDON V. COMELEC, 678 SCRA 267 (2012)
 MAQUILING V. COMELEC, 696 SCRA 420; 700 SCRA 367
(2013)

1. Reacquisition Repatriation: (i) Section 4, Commonwealth Act

No. 63; (ii) P.D. No. 725; (iii) R.A. No. 8171 (23 October 1995);
(iv) R.A. No. 9225 (29 August 2003)
 ALTERAJOS V. COMELEC, 441 SCRA 655 (2004)
 TABASA V. CA, 500 SCRA 9 (2006)
 CABALLERO V. COMELEC, 771 SCRA 213 (2015)

f. Dual Allegiance: (i) Section 5, Article IV; (ii) Section 40 (d), Local Government Code of
1991
 MERCADO V. MANZANO, 3017 SCRA 630 (1999)
 ANNOTATION – ALLEGIANCE OF FORMER FILIPINO
CITIZEN, 573 SCRA 733 (2008)

V. PRINCIPLES AND POLICIES

A. ARTICLE II – DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES AND STATE POLICIES

a) The Philippines is a democratic and republican State (Section 1)

b) Renunciation of war (Section 2)
c) Adoption of generally-accepted principles of international law (Section 2)
d) Adherence to a policy of peace, freedom, and amity with all nations (Section 2)
e) Civilian supremacy (Section 3)
f) Role of the armed forces: (a) Protector of the people and State; (b) to secure the sovereignty of the
State and the integrity of the national territory (Section 3)
g) Compulsory military and civil service, under conditions provided by law (Section 4)
h) Maintenance of peace and order, promotion of general welfare (Section 5)
i) Recognition of hierarchy of rights (Section 5)
j) Separation of Church and State (Section 6)
k) Independent foreign policy (Section 7)
l) Freedom from nuclear weapons (Section 8)
m) Promote a just and dynamic social order (Section 9)
n) Promote social justice in all phases of national development (Section 10)

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 o) Personal dignity and human rights (Section 11)
p) Family as basic social institution, and natural and primary right and duty of parents in the rearing
of the youth (Section 12)
q) Protection of the life of the mother and the life of the unborn from conception (Section 12)
r) Vital role of youth in nation-building (Section 13)
s) Role of women in nation-building (Section 14)
t) Fundamental equality before the law women and men (Section 14)
u) Right to health (Section 15)
v) Right to a balanced and healthful ecology (Section 16)
w) Priority to education, science and technology, arts, culture, and sports (Section 17)
x) Labor as a primary social economic force (Section 18)
y) Self-reliant and independent national economy (Section 19)
z) Indispensable role of private sector (Section 20)
aa) Comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform (Section 21)
bb) Recognition and promotion of rights of indigenous cultural communities (Section 22)
cc) Encouragement of non-governmental, community-based, or sectoral organizations (Section 23)
dd) Role of communication and information in nation-building (Section 24)
ee) Autonomy of local governments (Section 25)
ff) Equal access for public service and prohibition of political dynasties (Section 26)
gg) Honesty and integrity in public service (Section 27)
hh) Policy of full public disclosure (Section 28)

Week 7
21 October 2022
Discussion and Recitations on the following topics:

B. SEPARATION OF POWERS
 ANGARA V. ELECTORAL COMMISSION, G.R. NO. 45081, 15
JULY 1936, 63 PHIL. 139.

C.CHECKS AND BALANCE

a. Congressional oversight: (i) Scrutiny; (ii) Investigation and monitoring of
implementation of laws
 ABAKADA PARTYLIST V. PURISIMA, G.R. NO. 166715, 14
AUGUST 2008, 562 SCRA 251
b. Legislative veto
 ABAKADA PARTYLIST V. PURISIMA, G.R. NO. 166715, 14
AUGUST 2008, 562 SCRA 251
c. Other cases:
 BELGICA V. OCHOA, G.R. NO. 208566, 19 NOVEMBER 2013,
710 SCRA 1
 GONZALES III V. OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT, G.R. NO.
196231, 28 JANUARY 2014, 714 SCRA 611

D. SOVEREIGNTY

a. Sovereign Immunity
 Basis: Section 3, Article XVI
 REPUBLIC V. VILLASOR, 54 SCRA 83 (1973)
 ANNOTATION – IMMUNITY OF GOVERNMENT AGENCY, 591
SCRA 104 (2009)

 When is a suit against the State

 HEIRS OF MATEO PIDACAN V. ATO, 629 SCRA 451 (2010)
 ATO V. RAMOS, 644 SCRA 36 (2011)

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  HEIRS OF GAMBOA V. TEVES, 682 SCRA 397 (2012)
 NHA V. ROXAS, 773 SCRA 358 (2015)

 Consent to be Sued
How Consent is Given
 VETERANS MANPOWER V. CA, 214 SCRA 286 (1992)
 DA V. NLRC, 227 SCRA 693 (1993)

1. Express Consent
o Money Claims Arising from Contract: (i) Commonwealth
Act No. 3083; (ii) Commonwealth Act No. 327; (iii) P.D.
No. 1415
 SAYSON V. SINGSON, 54 SCRA 282 (1973)

o Incorporation of Government Owned and/or Controlled

Corporations (GOCCs)
 NHA V. HEIRS GUIVELONDO, 404 SCRA 389 (2003)

2. Implied Consent
o Government enters into Business Contracts
 PTA V. PGDEI, 668 SCRA 406 (2012)

o When it is inequitable to claim immunity

 REPUBLIC V. UNIMEX, 518 SCRA 19 (2007)

o When Government initiates a Complaint, it is open to a

Counterclaim
 REPUBLIC V. SANDIGANBAYAN, 484 SCRA 119 (2006)

3. Scope of Consent
o Under Act No. 3083
 COMMISSIONER V. SAN DIEGO, 31 SCRA 616 (1970)

o Under a Charter
 PNB V. CIR, 81 SCRA 314 (1978)

o Execution
 DFA V. NLRC, 262 SCRA 39 (1996)
 REPUBLIC V. HIDALGO, 477 SCRA 32 (2005)

4. Suability versus Liability

o Quasi-Delict committed by Special Agent: Article 2180,
New Civil Code of the Philippines
 MUNICIPALITY OF HAGONOY V. DUMDUM, 616 SCRA 1
(2010)

5. Diplomatic Immunity
 ANNOTATION – ON DIPLOMATIC IMMUNITY, 323 SCRA 699
(2000)

E. GOVERNMENT

a. “Government” in General
b. “Government of the Philippines”: Section 2(1), Administrative Code of 1987
c. De Jure and De Facto Governments

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Week 8
28 October 2022
Discussion and Recitations on the following topics:

THE STRUCTURE AND POWERS OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT

VI. THE LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT

A. Composition, Qualifications, and Term of Office

a. Senate: Sections 2 to 4, Article VI

b. House of Representatives: (i) Sections 5 to 6, Article VI; (ii) Sections 6 to 8, Article IX-C;
(iii) Section 7, XVIII; (iv) Fair Elections Act or R.A. No. 9006
 SABILI V. COMELEC, 670 SCRA 664 (2012)
 ALDOVINO V. COMELEC, 609 SCRA 636 (2009)
 TALAGA V. COMELEC, 683 SCRA 602 (2012)
 MITRA V. COMELEC, 622 SCRA 749 (2010)
 ANNOTATION – ON RESIDENCY, 691 SCRA 385 (2013)

o Apportionment/Districts
 SEMA V. COMELEC, 558 SCRA 700 (2008)
 ALDABA V. COMELEC, 611 SCRA 137 (2009) AND 613 SCRA
385 (2010)
 NAVARRO V. ERMITA, 612 SCRA 131 (2009)
 AQUINO III V. COMELEC, 617 SCRA 623 (2010)
 UMALI V. COMELEC, 723 SCRA 170 (2014)
 NAVAL V. COMELEC, 729 SCRA 299 (2014)

o Party List System: R.A. No. 7941 (3 March 1995)

 BANAT V. COMELEC, 586 SCRA 210 (2009)
 ANG LADLAD V. COMELEC, 618 SCRA 32 (2010)
 MAGDALO V. COMELEC, 673 SCRA 651 (2012)
 ABANG LINGKOD V. COMELEC, 708 SCRA 133 (2013)
 LICO V. COMELEC, 771 SCRA 596 (2015)
 ANNOTATION – ON CANCELLATION OF ACCREDITATION,
706 SCRA 298

c. Synchronized Terms of Office: Sections 1 to 2, Article XVIII

 ANNOTATION – ON TERM LIMITATION, 582 SCRA 774
(2009)
 ABUNDO V. COMELEC, 688 SCRA 149 (2013)
 NAVAL V. COMELEC, 729 SCRA 596 (2015)

B. Election

a. Regular Election: Section 8, Article VI

b. Special Election: Sections 9, Article VI; (ii) Section 11, Article IX-C; (iii) R.A. No. 6645 (28
December 1987); (iv) R.A. No. 7166
 TOLENTINO V. COMELEC, 420 SCRA 438 (2004)

C. Salaries, Privileges, and Disqualifications

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 a. Salaries: (i) Section 10, Article VI; (ii) Section 11, Article IX-C
 PHILCONSA V. MATHAY, 18 SCRA 300 (1966)
 LIGOT V. MATHAY, 56 SCRA 823 (1974)

b. Freedom from Arrest: Section 11, Article VI

 PEOPLE V. JALOSJOS, 324 SCRA 689 (2000)
 TRILLANES V. PIMENTEL, 556 SCRA 471 (2008)

c. Speech and Debate clause: Section 11, Article VI

 JIMENEZ V. CABANGBANG, 17 SCRA 876 (1966)
 OSMEÑA V. PENDATUN, 109 PHIL. 863 (1960)

d. Disqualifications
o Incompatible and Forbidden Offices: Section 13, Article
VI
 LIBAN V. GORDON, 593 SCRA 68 (2009) AND 639 SCRA 703
(2011)

o Other prohibitions: (i) Section 14, Article VI; (ii) Section

16, Article XI
 PUYAT V. DE GUZMAN, 113 SCRA 31 (1982)
 BELGICA V. OCHOA, 710 SCRA 1 (2013)

e. Duty to disclose: (i) Section 17, Article XI; (ii) Section 12, Article VI; (iii) Section 20,
Article VI

Week 9
04 November 2022
Discussion and Recitations on the following topics:

D. Internal Government of Congress

a. Election of Officers: Sections 16 (1), Article VI

 SANTIAGO V. GUINGONA, 298 SCRA 756 (1998)

b. Quorum: Freedom from Arrest: Section 16 (2), Article VI

 AVELINO V. CUENCO, 63 PHIL. 17 (1949)

c. Rules of Proceedings: Section 16 (3) and 21, Article VI

 ARROYO V. DE VENECIA, 277 SCRA 258 (1997)
 GARCILLANO V. HR COMMITTEES, 575 SCRA 170 (2008)
 DELA PAZ V. SENATE COMMITTEE, 579 SCRA 521 (2009)

d. Discipline of Members: Section 16 (3), Article VI

 ALEJANDRINO V. QUEZON, 46 PHIL. 83 (1924)
 OSMEÑA V. PENDATUN, 109 PHIL. 863 (1960) – Suspension
for 15 months
 SANTIAGO V. SANDIGANBAYAN, 356 SCRA 636 (2001)

e. Journal and Congressional Records: Section 16 (4), Article VI

o The Enrolled Bill Theory
 ARROYO V. DE VENECIA, 277 SCRA 258 (1997)
 FARIÑAS V. EXECUTIVE, 417 SCRA 503 (2003)
 ABAKADA V. PURISIMA, 562 SCRA 251 (2008)

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 o Probative value of the Journal
 UNITED STATES V. PONS, 34 PHIL. 729 (1916)

o Matters required to be entered in the Journal

(i) Yeas and nays on third and final reading of a bill:

Section 26(2), Article VI
(ii) Veto message of the President: Section 27(1), Article
VI
(iii) Yeas and nays on the repassing of a bill vetoed by the
President
(iv) Yeas and nays on any question at the request of 1/5
of members present: Section 16(4), Article VI
(v) Summary Proceedings

o Journal Entry Rule versus Enrolled Bill Theory

 ASTORGA V. VILLEGAS, 56 SCRA 714 (1974)

o Congressional Record: Paragraph 2, Section 16(4),

Article VI

f. Sessions
o Regular sessions: Sections 15 and 16(5), Article VI
 GUEVARRA V. INOCENTES, 16 SCRA 379 (1966)

o Special sessions: (i) Section 15, Article VI; (ii) Sections

10, 11 and Paragraph 1 and 2 of Section 18, Article VII

o Joint sessions

(1) Voting separately:

(a) Section 4, Article VII (Choosing the President)

(b) Paragraph 4, Section 11, Article VII (Determining the
President’s temporary disability)
(c) Section 9, Article VII (Confirming the nomination of
a Vice President)
(d) Section 23(1), Article VI (Declaring a state of war)
(e) Section 1(1), Article XVII (Amending the
Constitution)

(2) Voting jointly: Section 18, Article VII

Week 10
11 November 2022
Discussion and Recitations on the following topics:

g. Electoral Tribunal: Sections 17 and 19, Article VI

 BARBERS V. COMELEC, 460 SCRA 569 (2009)
 TAÑADA V. COMELEC, 708 SCRA 188 (2013)
 VELASCO V. BELMONTE, 780 SCRA 81 (2016)
 TY-DELGADO V. HRET, 782 SCRA 117 (2016)
 TAÑADA V. HRET, 785 SCRA 314 (2016)

13
 o Composition
 ABBAS V. SET, 166 SCRA 651 (1988)
 PIMENTEL V. HRET, 393 SCRA 231 (2002)

o Nature of Function
 ANGARA V. ELECTORAL COMMISSION, 63 PHIL. 139 (1946)
 RESOLUTION DATED 19 MARCH 1991: RE REQUEST OF
JUSTICES MELENCIO HERRERA, CRUZ AND FELICIANO TO
BE RELIEVED AS MEMBERS OF THE HRET

o Independence of the Electoral Tribunals

 BONDOC V. PINEDA, 201 SCRA 792 (1991)

o Powers
 LIBANAN V. HRET, 283 SCRA 520 (1997)
 GARCIA V. HRET, 312 SCRA 353 (1999)

o Judicial Review of Decisions of electoral Tribunal

 SANDOVAL V. HRET, 614 SCRA 793 (2010)
 VILANDO V. HRET, 656 SCRA 17 (2011)

h. Commission on Appointments: Sections 18 and 19, Article VI

 GUINGONA V. GONZALES, 214 SCRA 789 (1991) AND 219
SCRA 326 (1993)

Week 11
18 November 2022
Discussion and Recitations on the following topics:

i. Legislative Process
o Requirements as to bills
(a) As to titles of bills: Section 26(1), Article VI
 PHILIPPINE JUDGES ASSOCIATION V. PRADO, 227 SCRA 703
(1993)
 DE GUZMAN V. COMELEC, 336 SCRA 188 (2000)
 BANAT V. COMELEC, 595 SCRA 477 (2009)

(i) Which should control, the title or the text of the statute?
 CRUZ V. PARAS, 123 SCRA 569 (1953)
 TATAD V. SECRETARY, 281 SCRA 330 (1997)
 FARIÑAS V. EXECUTIVE, 417 SCRA 503 (2003)
 IMBONG V. OCHOA, 721 SCRA 146 (2014)

(b) Requirements as to certain laws

(i) Origin of Bills
 ABAKADA V. PURISIMA, 562 SCRA 251 (2008)

(ii) Appropriation laws: Sections 22, Article VII, and Sections 24 to 25,
Article VI
 BRILLANTES V. COMELEC, 432 SCRA 269 (2004)
 BELGICA V. OCHOA, 710 SCRA 1 (2013)

14
  ARAULLO V. AQUINO III, 728 SCRA 1 92014 AND 749 SCRA
283 (2015)

(iii) Tax laws: Section 28, Article VI; Section 4(3) and (4), Article XIV
 YMCA V. CA, 298 SCRA 83 (1998)
 CHAVEZ V. PCGG, 299 SCRA 744 (1998)
 LUNG CENTER V. QUEZON CITY, 433 SCRA 119 (2004)
 EXECUTIVE V. SOUTHWING, 482 SCRA 673 (2006)

o Procedure for the passage of bills: Section 26(2), Article

VI
 ALVAREZ V. GUINGONA, JR., 252 SCRA 695 (1996)
 ARROYO V. DE VENECIA, 291 SCRA 433 (1998)
 TOLENTINO V. SECRETARY, 235 SCRA 630 (1994) AND 249
SCRA 628 (1995)
 ABAKADA V. EXECUTIVE, 469 SCRA 1 (2005)

o The President’s Veto Power

(i) Qualified versus Absolute Veto

(ii) Messaged Veto versus Pocket Veto: Section 27, Article VI compare
with
Section 20, Article VI of the 1935 Constitution
 GONZALES V. MACARAIG, 191 SCRA 452 (1990)
 BENGZON V. DRILON, 208 SCRA 133 (1992)
 BELGICA V. OCHOA, 710 SCRA 1 (2013)

(iii) Legislative Veto

 ABAKADA V. PURISIMA, 562 SCRA 251 (2008)

oEffectivity of Laws: Section 2, Civil Code of the

Philippines; E.O. No. 200 (18 June 1987)
 TAÑADA V. TUVERA, 136 SCRA 27 (1985)
 TAÑADA V. TUVERA, 146 SCRA 446 (1986)

o Initiative and Referendum: R.A. No. 6375 (4 August

1989)
 GARCIA V. COMELEC, 237 SCRA 279 (1994)
 SMBA V. COMELEC, 262 SCRA 492 (1996)
 SANTIAGO V. COMELEC, 270 SCRA 106 (1997)

Week 12
25 November 2022
Discussion and Recitations on the following topics:

j. Powers of Congress
o General Plenary Powers: Section 1, Article VI
 CITY OF DAVAO V. RTC, 467 SCRA 280 (2005)
 ABOS V. BORROMEO, 393 SCRA 231 (2015)

o Limitations on the legislative power

(1) Substantive limitations:

(a) Express substantive limitations

15
 (i) Article III (Bill of Rights)
(ii) Sections 25 and 28, Article VI
(iii) Section 4(3), Article XIV
(iv) Section 29, Article VI
 NAZARETH V. VILLAR, 689 SCRA 385 (2013)
 ARAULLO V. AQUINO III, 728 SCRA 1 (2014) AND 749 SCRA
283 (2015)

(b) Implied substantive limitations

(i) Doctrine of Non-Delegation of Powers applicable in all branches of
Government
 FLORES V. MONTEMAYOR, 629 SCRA 178 (2010)

(ii) Exception to Non-Delegation Doctrine

(1) Delegation to the President: Section 23(2) and Section 28(2),
Article VI
(2) Delegation to the people: Section 32, Article VI
(3) Delegation to local governments
(4) Subordinate legislations/delegated rule making

(2) Prohibitions:

(a) Prohibitions against delegation of legislative power

 COCOFED V. REPUBLIC, 663 SCRA 514 (2012)
 VIVAS V. MONETARY BOARD OF BSP, 703 SCRA 290 (2013)
 DISINI V. SECRETARY OF JUSTICE, 716 SCRA 237 (2014)
 FERRER V. BAUTISTA, 760 SCRA 652 (2015)
 QC-PTCA V. DEPED, 784 SCRA 505 (2016)

(b) Prohibitions against passage of irrepealable laws

(3) Procedural limitations: Sections 26 to 27, Article VI

 ANNOTATION – ON THE LEGISLATIVE PROCESS, 669 SCRA
611 (2012)
 ARROYO V. DE VENECIA, 291 SCRA 433 (1998)
 ABAKADA V. PURISIMA, 562 SCRA 251 (2008)

o Question Hour: Section 22, Article VI

 SENATE V. ERMITA, 488 SCRA 1(2006)

o Legislative investigations: Section 21, Article VI

 SENATE BLUE RIBBON V. MAJADUCON, 407 SCRA 356
(2004)
 SENATE V. ERMITA, 488 SCRA 1(2006)
 STANDARD CHARTERED V. SENATE COMMITTEE, 541 SCRA
456 (2008)
 GARCILLANO V. HR COMMITTEES, 575 SCRA 170 (2008)
 PHILCOMSAT V. SENTAE, 673 SCRA 611 (2012)

o Act as Board of Canvassers for Presidential Vice-

Presidential Elections: Paragraph 4, Section 4, Article
VII

 BRILLANTES V. COMELEC, 432 SCRA 269 (2004)

o Call Special Elections for President and Vice President:

Section 10, Article VII

16
 o Revoke or extend suspension of privilege of Habeas
Corpus or Declaration of Martial Law: Section 18, Article
VII

o Approve Presidential Amnesties: Section 19, Article VII

o Confirm certain appointments: Section 9 and Section 16,

Article VII

o Concur in Treaties: Section 21, Article VII (through

Senate) cross reference to Section 25, Article XVIII

 BAYAN V. ZAMORA, 342 SCRA 449 (2000)

 ANNOTATION – ON VISITING FORCES AGREEMENT, 342
SCRA 522
 SAGUISAG V. OCHOA, 779 SCRA 241 (2016)

o Declaration of war and delegation of Emergency Powers:

Section 23, Article VI
 DAVID V. MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, 489 SCRA 160 (2006);
Read: PP 1017 – Declaration of State of National Emergency

o Be the judge of the President’s physical fitness or

capacity: Paragraph 4, Section 11, Article VI

o Power of Impeachment
 CORONA V. SENATE, 676 SCRA 563 (2012)

k. Impeachment

(1) Who are subject to impeachment: Section 2, Article XI

 OFFICE V. MOJICO, 452 SCRA 714 (2005)

 GONZALES V. OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT, 678 SCRA 614
(2012) AND 714 SCRA 611 (2014)

(2) Grounds for Impeachment: Section 2, Article XI

(3) Procedure for Impeachment: Sections 3(1) to 6, Article XI

 FRANCISCO V. NMMP, INC., 425 SCRA 44 (2003)
 GUTIERREZ V. HR COMMITTEE ON JUSTICE, 643 SCRA 198
(2011)

(4) Consequences of Impeachment: Sections 3(7), Article XI

 ESTRADA V. DESIERTO, 356 SCRA 108 (2001)

o Power with regard to the utilization of natural resources:

Section 2, Article XII

Week 13
02 December 2022
VII. THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT

17
A. The President

a. Qualifications, election, term and oath: Sections 2, 4 and 5, Article VII

 SANTIAGO V. RAMOS, 253 SCRA 559 (1996)
 TECSON V. COMELEC, 424 SCRA 277 (2004)
 POE, JR. V. MACAPAGAL, 454 SCRA 142 (2005)
 ANNOTATION – ON TERM LIMITATION, 582 SCRA 774
(2009)

b. Privilege and salary: Section 6, Article VII

o Executive Privilege
 AKBAYAN V. AQUINO, 558 SCRA 468 (2008)
 NERI V. SENATE COMMITTEE, 549 SCRA 77 (2008) AND 564
SCRA 52 (2008)

c. Prohibitions: Section 13, Article VII

 NATIONAL AMNESTY COMMISSION V. COA, 437 SCRA 655
(2004)
 BITONIO V. COA, 425 SCRA 437 (2004)
 PUBLIC INTEREST V. ELMA, 494 SCRA 53 (2006) AND 517
SCRA 336 (2007)
 FUNA V. AGRA, 691 SCRA 196 (2013)

o Compare prohibitions against other officials

(i) Section 13, Article VI

(ii) Section 2, Article IX-A
(iii) Section 7, Article IX-B
(iv) Section 12, Article VIII

o Exceptions to the rule prohibiting executive officials

from holding additional positions:

(i) Vice President as member of the cabinet: Paragraph

2, Section 3, Article VII

(ii) Secretary of Justice as member of the Judicial and

Bar Council: Section 8(1), Article VIII

(iii) Ex Officio Positions

d. Succession
 ESTRADA V. DESIERTO, 353 SCRA 452 (2001) AND 356 SCRA
108 (2001)
 ANNOTATION – ON SUCCESSION OF MACAPAGAL –
ARROYO, 353 SCRA 567 (2001)

o At the beginning of the term: Sections 7 and 10, Article

VII

o During the term: Sections 8 and 10, Article VII

o In cases of temporary disability: Sections 11 to 12, Article

VII
 BORJA V. COMELEC, 295 SCRA 157 (1998)

18
 e. Removal: Sections 2 to 3, Article XI

f. Powers and Functions of the President

o Executive Power: Sections 1 and 17, Article VII

 MARCOS V. MANGLAPUS, 177 SCRA 666 AND 178 SCRA 760
(1989)
 KMU V. DIRECTOR GENERAL, 487 SCRA 623 (2006)
 SAGUISAG V. OCHOA, 779 SCRA 241 (2016)

o Control of Executive Department: Section 17, Article VII

(i) Qualified Political Agency

 ANGELES V. GAITE, 646 SCRA 309 (2011)
 HONTIVEROS-BARAQUEL V. TRB, 751 SCRA 271 (2015)

(ii) Other cases

 CONSTANTINO V. CUISIA, 472 SCRA 505 (2005)
 ANAK MINDANAO V. EXECUTIVE, 531 SCRA 583 (2007)
 BANDA V. ERMITA, 618 SCRA 488 (2010)

o General supervision of local governments and

autonomous regions: Sections 4 and 16, Article X
 PIMENTEL V. AGUIRRE, 336 SCRA 201 (2000)
 VILLAFUERTE V. ROBREDO, 744 SCRA 534 (2014)

o Power of Appointment

(i) With consent of the Commission on Appointments

 MANALO V. SISTOZA, 312 SCRA 239 (1999)
 PIMENTEL V. ERMITA, 472 SCRA 587 (2005)

1. Heads of Departments: Section 16, Article VII

2. Ambassadors, public ministers, and consuls: Section 16, Article
VII
3. Officers of the armed forces from the rank of colonel and naval
captain: Section 16, Article VII
4. Chairman and Members of the Constitutional Commissions:
Sections 1(2) of Articles IX-B, IX-C and IX-D
5. Regular Members of the Judicial and Bar Council: Section 8(2),
Article VIII
6. Sectoral Representatives, Section 7, Article XVIII; R.A. No. 7941
 QUINTOS-DELES V. COMMISSION ON APPOINTMENTS, 177
SCRA 259 (1992)

(ii) Upon recommendation of the Judicial and Bar

Council

1. Members of the Supreme Court and all other Courts: Section 9,

Article VIII
2. Ombudsman and Deputies: Section 9, Article XI

(iii) Appointment of the Vice President as a member of

the Cabinet: Section 3, Article VII

(iv) Appointment solely by the President: Section 16,

Article VII

19
 1. Those whose appointments are not otherwise provided by law
2. Those whom the President may be authorized by law to appoint
 BERMUDEZ V. TORRES, 311 SCRA 733 (1999)
 RUFINO V. ENDRIGA, 496 SCRA 13 (2006)

(v) Power to Remove by the President: Sections 13 and

15, Article VII

 IN RE: HON. MATEO A. VALENZUELA, 298 SCRA 408 (1998)

 DE RAMA V. CA, 353 SCRA 94 (2001)
 PUBLIC INTEREST V. ELMA, 494 SCRA 53 (2006)
 LIBAN V. GORDON, 593 SCRA 68 (2009)
 DE CASTRO V. JBC, 615 SCRA 666 (2010) AND 618 SCRA 639
(2010)
 BETOY V. BOARD OF DIRECTORS, 658 SCRA 420 (2011)

(vi) Interim and Recess Appointments: Section 19,

Article VI; Paragraph 2, Section 16, Article VII
 CONCEPCION BAUTISTA V. SALONGA, 172 SCRA 160 (1989)

(vii) Temporary Designations: Section 17, Book II,

Administrative Code of the Philippines (In no case shall
temporary designation exceed 1 year)

Week 14
09 December 2022
Discussion and Recitations on the following topics:

(viii) Limitations on appointing power of Acting President:

Sections 14 to 16, Article VII

o Executive Clemencies: Section 19, Article VII; Section 5,

Article IX-C
 DRILON V. CA, 202 SCRA 378 (1991)
 IN RE: TORRES, 251 SCRA 709 (1995)
 PEOPLE V. PATRIARCA, 341 SCRA 464 (2000)
 MAGDALO V. COMELEC, 673 SCRA 651 (2012)
 RISOS-VIDAL V. COMELEC, 747 SCRA 210 (2015)

1. Pardon distinguished from Probation

 PEOPLE V. VERA, 65 PHIL. 56 (1987)

2. Pardon distinguished from Parole

 TESORO V. DIRECTOR OF PRISONS, 68 PHIL. 154 (1939)
 TORRES V. GONZALES, 152 SCRA 272 (1987)

3. Pardon distinguished from Amnesty

 BARRIOQUINTO V. FERNANDEZ, 85 PHIL. 642 (1940)

4. Effects of Pardon
 LACUNA V. ABES, 24 SCRA 780 (1968)
 MONSANTO V. FACTORAN, 170 SCRA 190 (1989)

5. Sanction for violations of Conditional Pardons

20
  TORRES V. GONZALES, 152 SCRA 272 (1987)

6. Does the pardoning power apply to administrative cases?

 LLAMAS V. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, 202 SCRA 844 (1991)

7. Who may avail of amnesty

 PEOPLE V. PATRIARCA, 341 SCRA 464 (2000)

o Powers of Commander-in-Chief: Section 18, Article VII;

Section 13, Article III; Paragraph 2, Section 1, Article
VIIII

Affirmed:
 LANSANG V. GARCIA, 42 SCRA 448 (1971)

Overruled:
 GARCIA-PADILLA V. PONCE ENRILE, 121 SCRA 472 (1983)
 IBP V. ZAMORA, 338 SCRA 81 (2000)
 SANLAKAS V. EXECUTIVE, 421 SCRA 656 (2004)
 DAVID V. MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, 489 SCRA 160 (2006)
 LAGMAN, ET AL. V. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, G.R. NO.
231658, 4 JULY 2017; Proclamation No. 216, 23 May 2017
(Martial Law and Suspension of Writ Privilege in Mindanao)

o Emergency Powers: Section 23 (2), Article VI

o Contracting and Guaranteeing Foreign Loans: Section

20, Article VII; Section 21, Article XII
 CONSTANTINO V. CUSIA, 472 SCRA 505 (2005)

o Power over Foreign Affairs

 VINUYA V. ROMULO, 732 SCRA 595 (2014)

1. Treaty Making: Section 21, Article VI

 BAYAN V. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, 342 SCRA 449 (2002)
 PIMENTEL V. OFFICE OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, 462
SCRA 265 (2005)

2. Treaty distinguished from Executive Agreements

3. Deportation of Undesirable Aliens

 QUA CHEE GAN V. DEPORTATION BOARD, 9 SCRA 27 (1963)
 GO TEK V. DEPORTATION BOARD, 79 SCRA 17 (1976)
 ROSAS V. MONTOR, 772 SCRA 462 (2015)

o Power over Legislation

1. Message to Congress: Section 23, Article VII

2. Preparation and Submission of the Budget: Section 22, Article
VII
 ARAULLO V. AQUINO III, 728 SCRA 1 (2014)

3. Veto Power: Section 27, Article VI

 BENGZON V. DRILON, 208 SCRA 133 (1992)

4. Emergency Powers: Section 23(2), Article VI

21
 5. Fixing of Tariff Rates: Section 28(2), Article VI
 GARCIA V. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, 211 SCRA 219 (1992)
 SOUTHERN CROSS V. CEMENT, 465 SCRA 532 (2005)

g. Immunity from Suits

 GLORIA V. COURT OF APPEALS, 338 SCRA 5 (2000)
 RODRIGUEZ V. GMA, 660 SCRA 98 (2011)
 LOZADA V. MACAPAGAL-ARROYO, 670 SCRA 664 (2012)

B. The Vice President

a. Qualifications, election, term and oath: Sections 3, 4 and 5, Article VII

b. Privilege and Salary: Section 6, Article VII

c. Prohibitions: Section 13, Article VII; Paragraph 2, Section 3, Article VII

d. Succession: Section 9, Article VII

e. Removal: Sections 2 to 3, Article XI

f. Functions:

o Right of Succession: Sections 8 and 11, Article VII

o Membership in Cabinet: Paragraph 2, Section 3, Article

VII

Week 15
16 December 2022
Discussion and Recitations on the following topics:

VI. THE JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT

A. The Supreme Court

a. Composition: Section 4, Article VIII; SC Resolution No. 2-89

 PUBLIC INTEREST V. ELMA, 517 SCRA 336 (2007)
 CITY OF TAGAYTAY V. GUERRERO, 600 SCRA 33 (2009)

b. Appointment and qualifications: Sections 7(1), 8(5) and 9, Article VIII

 IN RE: VILLANUEVA, 298 SCRA 408 (1998)
 DE CASTRO V. JBC, 615 SCRA 666 (2010) AND 618 SCRA 639
(2010)
 RE SENIORITY AMONG FOUR APPOINTMENTS, 631 SCRA
377 (2010)

c. Salary: Section 10, Article VIII; Section 17, Article XVIII

 PERFECTO V. MEER, 85 PHIL. 522 (1950)
 ENDENCIA V. DAVID, 93 PHIL. 696 (1953)
(Compare with 1973 Constitution, Section 6, Article XV - not
exempt from income tax)
 NITAFAN V. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, 152
SCRA 284 (1987)

22
 d. Security of Tenure: Section 11, Article VIII; Paragraph 2, Section 2, Article VIII
 DE LA LLANA V. ALBA, 112 SCRA 294 (1982)

e. Removal: Section 11, Article VIII; Section 2, Article XI

 IN RE: RAUL M. GONZALES, 160 SCRA 771 (1988)

f. Fiscal Autonomy: Section 3, Article VIII

 CSC V. DEPARTMENT, 464 SCAR 115 (2005)
 RE: CLARIFYING, 481 SCRA 1 (2006)
 RE: COA OPINION, 678 SCRA 1 (2012)

g. Jurisdiction

o Judicial Power: Section 1, Article VIII

 ANNOTATION – ON SUPREME COURT, 358 SCRA 829
 ONGSUCO V. MALONES, 604 SCRA 499 (2009)
 GIRON V. COMMELEC, 689 SCRA 97 (2013)

o Section 5, Article VIII

 CMU V. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, 631 SCRA 30 (2010)
 ABALOS V. DARAPA, 646 SCRA 200 (2011)
 CUA V. PEOPLE, 660 SCRA 235 (2011) – Questions of Law
 LORZANO V. TABAYA, 665 SCRA 38 (2012)
 BCDA V. REYES, 699 SCRA 217 (2013) – Questions of Law
 REPUBLIC V. SERENO, G.R. NO. 237428, 11 MAY 2018

o Paragraph 3, Section 18, Article VII

o Paragraph 7, Section 4, Article VII

 TECSON V. COMELEC, 424 SCRA 277 (2004)
 LEGARDA V. DE CASTRO, 542 SCRA 125 (2008)
 MAKALINTAL V. PET, 651 SCRA 239 (2011)

o Section 7, Article IX-A

h. Congressional power over Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court: Paragraph 1, Section 2,

Article VIII; Section 30, Article VI
 FIRST V. COURT OF APPEALS, 237 SCRA 519 (1994)
 FABIAN V. DESIERTO, 295 SCRA 470 (1998)

i. Administrative Powers

o Supervision of Lower Courts: Section 6 and 11, Article

VIII
 CAOIBES V. OMBUDSMAN, 361 SCRA 395 (2001)
 ADAJAR V. DEVELOS, 475 SCRA 361 (2005)
 IN RE: REQUEST FOR GUIDANCE, 706 SCRA 502 (2013)
 CSC V. RAMONEDA-PITA, 696 SCRA 155 (2013)

o Temporarily assign judges to other stations in the public

interest: Section 5(3), Article VIII

o Order a change of venue or place of trial to avoid a

miscarriage of justice: Section 5(4), Article VIII

o Discipline of Judges: Section 11, Article VIII

23
  PEOPLE V. GACOTT, 246 SCRA 52 (1996)

o Appointment of officials and employees of entire

Judiciary: Section 5(6), Article VIII

Week 16
23 December 2022
Discussion and Recitations on the following topics:

j. Rule Making

o Section 5(5), Article VIII

 IN RE: IBP ELECTIONS, 696 SCRA 8 (2013)
 YLAYA V. GACOTT, 689 SCRA 452 (2013)
 CARPIO-MORALES V. CA, 774 SCRA 431 (2015)

o Paragraph 2, Section 14, Article XII (Practice of

Profession)

o Paragraph 3, Section 18, Article VII

 ECHEGARAY V. SECRETARY, 301 SCRA 96 (1999)

k. No quasi-judicial and administrative work of Judges: Section 12, Article VIII

 IN RE: JUDGE RODOLFO MANZANO, 166 SCRA 246 (1988)
 CHAVEZ V. JBC, 676 SCRA 579 (2012)

l. Report on the Judiciary: Section 16, Article VIII

m. Manner of sitting and votes required: Section 4, Article VIII; Section 7, Rule 56 of the
1997 Rules on Civil Procedure; Section 3, Rule 125 of the 2000 Rules on Criminal
Procedure
 LEAGUE OF CITIES V. COMELEC, 608 SCRA 636 (2009)
 A.M. NO. 99-1-09-SC

n. Requirements as to Decisions: Sections 13 to 14, Article VIII

 MANGELEN V. COURT OF APPEALS, 215 SCRA 230 (1992)
 PEOPLE V. SANDIGANBAYAN, 628 SCRA 502 (2010)

o. Mandatory period for deciding cases: Section 15, Article VIII; Paragraph 3, Section 18,
Article VII; Sections 12 to 14, Article XVIII
 OCA V. FUENTES II, 692 SCRA 429 (2013)
 IN RE: JUDGE CARBONELL, 700 SCRA 806 (2013)
 RE: CASE OF JUDGE BALUNA, 704 SCRA 415 (2013)

A. The Lower Courts

a. Qualifications and appointment: Section 7(1) and 7(2), Article VIII; Section 8(5), Article
VIII; Section 9, Article VIII
 RE: SENIORITY AMONG FOUR APPOINTMENTS, 631 SCRA
377 (2010)

b. Salary: Section 10, Article VIII

c. Congressional Power to reorganize, and Security of Tenure: Section 11, Article VIII;
Paragraph 2, Section 2, Article VIII

24
  DE LA LLANA V. ALBA, 112 SCRA 294 (1982)

d. Removal: Section 11, Article VIII

e. Jurisdiction: Section 1, Article VIII

 YNOT V. INTERMEDIATE APPELLATE COURT, 148 SCRA 659
(1987)

f. Requirements as to preparation of Decisions: Section 14, Article VIII

g. Mandatory period for deciding cases: Section 15, Article VIII; Sections 12 to 14, Article
XVIII
 ADAO V. LORENZO, 316 SCRA 570 (1999)

C. The Judicial and Bar Council: Section 8, Article VIII

 DE CASTRO V. JBC, 615 SCRA 666 (2010) AND 618 SCRA 639
(2010)
 CHAVEZ V. JBC, 676 SCRA 579 (2012) AND 696 SCRA 496
(2013)

D. Automatic release of appropriations for the Judiciary: Section 3, Article VIII

E. Court Martial
 REPUBLIC V. ASUNCION, 231 SCRA 211 (1994)

Week 17
06 January 2023
Discussion and Recitations on the following topics:

IX. THE CONSTITUTIONAL COMMISSIONS

A. The Civil Service Commission (“CSC”)

a. Composition and Qualifications of Commissioners: Section 1(1), Article IX-B; Paragraph

2, Section 13, Article VII
 CAYETANO V. MONSOD, 201 SCRA 210 (1991)

b. Appointment and Term of Office of Commissioners, Rule against Reappointment: Section

1(2), ARTICLE IX-B
 NACIONALISTA PARTY V. ANGELO BAUTISTA, 85 PHIL. 101
(1949)
 BRILLANTES V. YORAC, G.R. NO. 93867, 18 DECEMBER 1990
 GAMINDE V. COA, 347 SCRA 655 (2000)

c. Appointment of personnel of CSC: Section 4, Article IX-A

d. Salary: Section 17, Article XVIII; Section 3, Article IX-A

e. Disqualifications: Section 2, Article IX-A

f. Impeachment: Section 2, Article XI

g. Appeal

25
  CAPABLANCA V. CSC, 605 SCRA 61 (2009)

h. Scope of the Civil Service: Section 2(1), Article IX-B (See Section 16, Article XII for
definition of “government owned and controlled corporations with original charters”)
 JUCO V. NLRC, 277 SCRA 528 (1997)
 PNB V. TEJANO, 604 SCRA 147 (2009)

B. The Commission on Elections (“COMELEC”)

 BARRO V. COMELEC, 603 SCRA 292 (2009)
 CAGAS V. COMELEC, 663 SCRA 644 (2012)
 JALOSJOS V. COMELEC, 674 SCRA 530 (2012)
 ATONG PAGLAUM V. COMELEC, 694 SCRA 477 (2013)
 REYES V. COMELEC, 699 SCRA 522 (2013), AND 708 SCRA 197
(2013)

a. Composition and Qualifications of Commissioners: Section 1(1), Article IX-C; Paragraph

2, Section 13, Article VII

b. Appointment and Term of Office of Commissioners, Rule against Reappointment: Section

1(2), Article IX-C

c. Appointment of COMELEC personnel: Section 4, Article IX-A

d. Salary: Section 17, Article XVIII; Section 3, Article IX-A

e. Disqualifications: Section 2, Article IX-A

f. Impeachment: Section 2, Article XI

g. Appeal
 GARCES V. COURT OF APPEALS, 259 SCRA 99 (1996)

C. The Commission on Audit (“COA”)

o Powers
 AGRA V. COA, 661 SCRA 563 (2011)
 COCOFED V. REPUBLIC, 663 SCRA 514 (2012)
 DELOS SANTOS V. COA, 703 SCRA 501 (2013)

a. Composition and Qualifications of Commissioners: Section 1(1), Article IX-D; Paragraph

2, Section 13, Article VII
 FUNA V. VILLAR, 670 SCRA 579 (2012)

b. Appointment and Term of Office of Commissioners

 FUNA V. VILLAR, 670 SCRA 579 (2012)

c. Appointment of COA personnel: Section 4, Article IX-A

d. Salary: Section 17, Article XVIII; Section 3, Article IX-A

e. Disqualifications: Section 2, Article IX-A

f. Impeachment: Section 2, Article XI

g. Appeal

26
  REYES V. COA, 305 SCRA 512 (1992)
 REBLORA V. AFP, 698 SCRA 727 (2013)

END

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