TOPIC: RIZAL AND HIS CONTEMPORARIES

ERIOD OF ENLIGHTENMENT (1872-1898)

 The once religious spirit transformed itself into nationalism.

The Propaganda Movement

Propaganda Movement
 Spearheaded by Jose Rizal, Marcelo del Pilar, Graciano Lopez Jaena, Antonio Luna, Mariano Ponce,
Jose Ma. Panganiban, and Pedro Paterno.

Objectives of Propaganda Movement

 To get equal treatment for the Filipinos and the Spaniards under the law.
 To make the Philippines a colony of Spain.
 To restore Filipino representation in the Spanish cortes.
 To Filipinize the parishes
 To give the Filipinos freedom of speech, of the press, assembly, and for redress of grievances.

Jose Rizal
 Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado Alonzo y Realonda
 June 19, 1861 at Calamba, Laguna
 Teodora Alonzo
 Ateneo de Manila,
 He started medicine at UST
 He finished it at the Universidad Central de Madrid
 He also studied at the University of Berlin, Leipzig, and Hiedelberg. He died in the hands of the
Spaniards on December 30, 1896. Dimasalang and Laong Laan

 WORKS AND WRITINGS

Noli Me Tangere
 It gave the spirit to the propaganda movement and paved way to the revolution against Spain
 Rizal exposed the evil in the Spanish-run government.

El Filibusterismo
 Sequel of NOLI. 
 Exposed the evil in the government and in the church. 
 Novel of politics

Mi Ultimo Adios
 Written at Fort Santiago

| ESCOBAR, KAYE M./. OLLCF-CTE/ MC LIT 3: SURVEY FOR PHILIPPINE 1

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On the Indolence of the Filipinos
 An essay on the so-called Filipino indolence and an evaluation of the reasons for such allegations

The Philippines within a Century

 An essay predicting the increasing influence of the US in the Philippines and the decreasing interest
of the Europe here.

To the Filipino Youth

 Dedicated to the Filipino youth studying at UST.

The Council of the Gods

 An allegorical play manifesting admiration for Cervantes

Beside the Pasig River

 Written by 14-year old Rizal.

| ESCOBAR, KAYE M./. OLLCF-CTE/ MC LIT 3: SURVEY FOR PHILIPPINE 2

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