CLS ENG 22 23 XII Mat Target 2 Level 1 Chapter 4

Chapter 4
Determinants
Solutions (Step-1)
SECTION - A
1. Answer (3)
A is invertible  |A|  0
 K  ±1
2. Answer (2)
1 4 20
1 2 5 0
1 2x 5 x 2
1 4 20
R3  R3  R1
0 6 15 0
 R2  R2  R1
0 2 x  4 5 x 2  20
1 2 4
 0 3 3 0
2
0 x 2 x 4
 1(–3x2 + 12 + 3x – 6) = 0
3x2 – 3x – 6 = 0
x2 – x – 2 = 0
(x – 2)(x + 1) = 0
x = –1, 2
3. Answer (1)
0 x a x b
x a 0 x c  0
xb x c 0
 (x – a)[0 – (x – c)(x + b)] + (x – b)[(x + a)(x + c)] = 0

 (x – a)(x + b)(x – c) + (x + a)(x – b)(x + c) = 0
for x = 0 which is true
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46 Determinants Solutions of Assignment (Step-1)
4. Answer (4)
a  b a  2b a  3b
a  2b a  3b a  4b
a  4b a  5b a  6b
R3  R3 – R1
R2  R3 – R1
a  b a  2b a  3b
 b b b
3b 3b 3b
=0 ∵ R2 = R3
5. Answer (4)
bc a a
b c a b  (b  c )[ca  cb  a 2  ab  bc ]  a[ab  b 2  bc ]  a[bc  c 2  ac ]
c c ab
= bca + ba2 + ab2 + c2a + a2c + abc – a2b – ab2 + abc + abc – ac2 – a2c
= 4abc
6. Answer (2)
x  iy  6i (3i 2  3)  3i (4i  20)  1(12  60i )
x  iy  6i ( 3  3)  3i (4i  20)  (12  60i )  12  60i  12  60i  0

 x = 0, y = 0
7. Answer (3)
3x 6 3
  6 3  x 3
3 3 6  x
x x x
R1  R1  R2  R3    6 3  x 3
3 3 6  x
C1  C1 – C3, C2  C2 – C3
0 0 x
  9 x 3   x ( 81  9 x  9 x  x 2 )   x ( x  9)( x  9)
9x 9x 6  x
if  = 0  x = –9, 0, 9
8. Answer (4)
|A| = cos2 + sin2 = 1, |2A| = 22.|A| = 4
9. Answer (1)
1  2 1    2  2 0  2
A  2 1    2  1 2 1  0 2 1 0
2 2
  1   1  1 0  1
Solutions of Assignment (Step-1) Determinants 47
10. Answer (4)
To have non-zero solution,
1  k 1
k 1 1  0
1 1 1
1(1 + 1) + k(–k + 1) – 1(k + 1) = 0

2 – k2 + k – k – 1 = 0
–k2 + 1 = 0
k = ±1
SECTION - B
11. Answer (3)
x x 2  yz 1
 y y 2  zx 1 can be resolved as sum by two determinants as,
z z 2  xy 1
x x2 1 x  yz 1
 y y 1  y
2
zx 1
z z2 1 z  xy 1
= D1 + D2 (say)
x  yz 1
where,  2  y zx 1
z  xy 1
x2  xyz x
1
 y2  xyz y
xyz 2 (multiplying R1 by x, R2 by y and R3 by z)
z  xyz z
x2 1 x
 xyz 2
 y 1 y (taking common –xyz from C2)
xyz 2
z 1 z
x2 x 1
 ( 1) y 2 y 1
z2 z 1
x x2 1
 ( 1)( 1) y y2 1
z z2 1
= –1
  = 1 + 2 = 0
12. Answer (2)
0 c  d b(c  d )
0 d  e b(d  e )
11  a e 1  be
0 1 b
= (c – d)(d – e) 0 1 b 0 (as R1  R2 )
11  a e 1  be
13. Answer (2)
 1 0  1 0  1 0 
A2     
 1 7   1 7   8 49 
8 0   k 0  8  k 0 
8 A  kI    
 8 56   0 k   8 56  k 
Clearly, k = –7
14. Answer (2)
a b c
b c a = – (a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc)
c a b
= – (a + b + c) (a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca)
(a  b  c )
=  {(a – b)2 + (b – c)2 + (c – a)2} < 0
2
Hence possible value = –3
15. Answer (2)
For a square matrix of order 2 × 2, adj (adj A) = A
16. Answer (4)
To not have unique solution,
1 1 1
4    0
3 2 4
1(2 – 0) – 1( – 3) + 1(2 –2) = 0

–3=0
=3
17. Answer (1)
For non-trivial solutions,
a 4 1
b 3 1  0  a  2b  c  0
c 2 1
 a, b, c are in A.P.
18. Answer (1)
 0 h g 
| A |   h 0 f 
g f 0 
h f h 0
0  h g
g 0 g f
= 0 + h (0 + gf) – g(hf – 0) = 0
19. Answer (1)
The given system of equations can be expressed as
 1 2 3   x   1
 1 3 4   y    1 
    
 1 1 2  z   k 
Applying R2  R2  R1, R3  R1  R3
 1 2 3   x   1 
~ 0 1 1 y    2 
   
0 1 1  z  k  1
 1 2 3   x   1 
~ 0 1 1  y    2  by R  R – R
    3 3 2
0 0 0   z  k  3 
When k  3 , the given system of equations has no solution.

 Statement 1 is true. Clearly statement–2 is also true as it is rearrangement of rows and columns of
 1 2 3 
 1 3 4 
 
 1 1 2 
Hence, option (1) is correct.

20. Answer (1)
The homogeneous equation
AX = O always has the trivial solution X = O
Hence the system is always consistent.
SECTION - C
21. Answer (3)
tr(A + B) = tr(A) + tr(B) = 15 + 9 = 24
22. Answer (2)
∵ | A | = 0  1 (40  40)  3(29  24)  (  2)(10  12)  0   = 4

23. Answer (4)
det(adj B) = | B |2= 12 = 1
24. Answer (1)

When A is singular then | A| = 0 and  = 4
 2 + det(A) = 8 + 0 = 8
25. Answer (4)
tr(5A + 6B) = 5tr(A) + 6tr(B) = 515 + 69 = 129
SECTION - D
Very Short Answer Type Questions :
1 2 3 1 2 3
26. A  4 5 6 34 5 6
3 6 9 1 2 3
As R1 and R3 are identical

 |A| = 0
27. By property |adjA| = |A|n – 1 where n is order
 |adjA| = (3)4 – 1 = 33 = 27
28. |A| = 4
|adjA| = (4)2 = 16
|adjadjA| = 162 = 156
4 3 1
29. 0 1 2
0 3 1
4(–1 – 6) = –28
3 1 5
30.   2 1 4
3 2 1
Minor of 4 = 6 – 3 = 3.
Short Answer Type Questions :
31. Put x = 0
0 1 3
1 1 4  E
2 4 0
–(–12) – 2(1) = E
E = 10
32. The area of triangle is given by
3 8 1
1
 4 2 1
2
5 1 1
1
 [3(2 – 1) – 8(–4 – 5) + 1(–4 – 10)]
2
61

2
33. The system of equations can be written as AX = B
2 5  x  1
A  , X   , B   
3 2  y  7 
1  2  5 
Now, A–1 =
11  3 2 
1  2 5   1
 X  A 1B 
11  3 2  7 
 x   3
 y    1
   
 x = 3, y = –1
bc a a
34. Let  = b c a b
c c ab
R1  R1 – R2 – R3
0 2c 2b
  b c a b
c c ab
Expanding along R1
b b b c a
  ( 2c )  ( 2b )
c ab c c
= 2c(ab + b2 – bc) – 2b(bc – c2 – ac)

= 2abc + 2cb2 – 2bc2 – 2b2c + 2bc2 + 2abc
= 4abc
Long Answer Type Questions :
pa qb rc
35. LHS = qc ra pb
rb pc qa
= pa(qra2 – p2bc) – ab(q2ca – prb2) + rc(pqc2 – r 2ab)

= pqra3 – abcp3 – abcq3 + pqrb3 + pqrc3 – abcr3
= pqr(a3 + b3 + c3) – abc(p3 + q3 + r 3)
pqr(a3 + b3 + c3) – abc(3pqr)
pqr{a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc}
a b c abc b c
RHS =  pqr b c a   pqr a  b  c c a
c a b abc a b
1 b c
  pqr (a  b  c ) 1 c a
1 a b
0 bc c a
  pqr (a  b  c ) 0 c  a c  b
1 a b
= –pqr(a + b + c)(–a2 – b2 – c2 + ab + cb + ca)

= pqr(a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc)
= LHS proved
36. To prove
2bc  a 2 c2 b2
c2 2bc  b 2 a2  (a 3  b 3  c 3  3abc )2
b2 a2 2ab  c 2
a b c
LHS a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc =  b c a
c a b
a b c a b c
3 3 3 2
(a  b  c  3abc )  b c a b c a
c a b c a b
a b c a c b
 b c a b a c
c a b c b a
(C1  –C1, C2  C3)
a 2  bc  bc ab  ab  c 2 ac  b 2  ca
 ba  c 2  ab b 2  bc  ac bc  bc  a 2
ac  ac  b 2 cb  a 2  cb ab  ab  c 2
2bc  a 2 c2 b2
 c2 2bc  b 2 a2
b2 a2 2ab  c 2

Chapter 4
Determinants
Solutions (Step-2)
Introduction and Properties of Determinants

1. Answer (4)
= 1.1 – logba × logab
=1–1=0
2. Answer (4)
3. Answer (4)
x 6 1
2 3 x x 3  0
3 2x x2
 –5 (x – 2)(x + 3)(x – 1) = 0
 x = 2, –3, 1
4. Answer (4)
R1  R1 – R2, R2  R2 – R1
xy 0 y x
y z 0 zy
z 4 xy
= –4((x – y)(z – y) – (y – z)(y – x)) = 0

5. Answer (3)
x 2 3 1
4 x  2 10 4  0
2x  1 5 1
(x – 2)(10 – 20) – (4x – 2)(3 – 5) + (2x – 1)(12 – 10) = 0

= –10(x – 2) + 2(4x – 2) + 2(2x – 1) = 0
= –10x + 20 + 8x – 4 + 4x – 2 = 0
 2x + 14 = 0
 x = –7
6. Answer (4)
C1  C1 + C2 + C3
0 4 0
abc 4 b4 c 0
abc 4 b c4
 (a + b + c + 4) = 0
 a + b + c = –4
7. Answer (1)
10 4 3
1  17 7 4
4 5 7
4 10 3
  7 17 4 …(i)
5 4 7
If 1 + 2 = 0, then 1 = – 2 …(ii)
By equation (i) and (ii),
4 x 5 3 4 10 3
7 x  12 4  7 17 4
5 x  1 7 5 4 7
 x=5
8. Answer (3)
Put x = 0
0 1 1
d  3 0 2
3 4 0
 d = –6
9. Answer (1)
sin  sin B cos C

  sin B 0 tan A
cos(   C )  tan A 0
0 sin B cos C
   sin B 0 tan A
 cos C  tan A 0
= 0 (Skew symmetric matrix of odd order)
10. Answer (2)
1 x x3
1 y y3
1 z z3
R1  R1 – R2, R2  R2 – R3
0 x  y ( x  y )( x 2  xy  y 2 )
  0 y z ( y  z )( y 2  yz  z 2 )
1 z z3
= (x – y)(y – z)(z – x)(x + y + z)

11. Answer (4)
A=B+C
For addition, there is not specific rule.
12. Answer (3)
R2  R2 – R1, R3  R3 – R1
1  sin2  cos 2  4 sin 4

 1 1 0 0
1 0 1
C1  C1 + C2 + C3
2  4 sin 4 cos 2  4 sin 4

 0 1 0 0
0 0 1
 4sin4 = –2
1  
 sin4 =   sin   
2  6
7 11
  ,
24 24
13. Answer (1)
1 1 1
f ( x )  x ( x  1) 2x x 1 x
3 x ( x  1) ( x  1)( x  2) x ( x  1)
C1  C1 – C2, C2  C2 – C3
0 0 1
x ( x  1) x 1 1 x = x(x + 1)(–2(x2 – 1) + 2(x2 – 1)) = 0
2( x  1)( x  1) 2( x  1) x ( x  1)
 f(100) = 0
14. Answer (2)
Put a = b = c = 1
1 1 1
1 1 1 k
1 1 1
k = –1(0) – 1(–2) + 1(2) = 4

15. Answer (4)
5 5
C0 C3 14 1 10 14
5
C1 5
C4 1  5 5 1
5 5
C2 C5 1 10 1 1
16 16 16
 5 5 1 R1  R1  R2  R3
10 1 1
1 1 1
 16 5 5 1
10 1 1
0 0 1
C1  C1  C2 ,
 16 0 4 1
C2  C2  C3
9 0 1
= 16(0 – 36)
= – 16 × 36
16. Answer (2)
im i m 1 i m 2
m 5
 = i i m4 i m 3
i m 6 i m 7 i m 8
1 i i2
 i m .i m  3 .i m  6 i 2 i 1
1 i i2
=0 (∵ R1 & R3 are identical)

17. Answer (4)
Let, a = ARp – 1, b = ARq – 1, c = ARr – 1
log a p 1 log A  ( p  1)log R p 1

log b q 1  log A  (q  1)log R q 1

log c r 1 log A  (r  1)log R r 1
( p  1)log R p 1
 (q  1)log R q 1 C1  C1  (log A)C3
(r  1)log R r 1
0 p 1
 0 q 1 C1  C1  (C2  C3 )log R
0 r 1
=0
18. Answer (1)
n
n 1
1 5
N N
U
n 1
n = n 2
2N  1 2N  1
n 1
N
n
n 1
3
3N 2 3N
N (N  1)
1 5
2
N (N  1)(2N  1)
 2N  1 2N  1
6
N 2 (N  1)2
3N 2 3N
4
6 1 5
N (N  1)
 2(2N  1) 2N  1 2N  1
12
3N (N  1) 3N 2 3N
0 1 5
N (N  1)
 0 2N  1 2N  1 C1  C1  C2 – C3
12
0 3N 2 3N
=0
19. Answer (1)
Let 211 = a, then the given equation reduces to
a  x 2a a
2a a  x a 0
a a 2a  x
Applying C1  C1 + C2 + C3
x 2a a
x a  x a 0
x a 2a  x
1 2a a
 x 1 ax a 0
1 a 2a  x
1 2a a
R2  R2  R1
 x 0 3a  x 0 0
R3  R3  R1
0 3a 3a  x
 x[(3a – x) (–3a – x) – 0] = 0
 x(x – 3a) (x + 3a) = 0
 Greatest value of x satisfying the given equation is x = 3a = 3 × 211
20. Answer (2)
0 1 1
1 0 1 2
1 1 0
Option (2) is correct.

21. Answer (2)
Let third order determinant be
a11 a12 a13

  a21 a22 a23
a31 a32 a33
a21 a31
when aij = 1 on –1 then both a and a equals ±1.
11 11
 a21   a31 
Apply R2  R2    R1 and R3  R3    R1 .
a
 11   a11 
a11 a12 a13

 D  0 2 s where , , ,  are all 1 or –1.
0 2 2
Expand along C1   = 4a11{ – }.

which is an even integer hence option (2) is correct.
Adjoint and Inverse of Matrix

22. Answer (1)
1 1
A 1  
A 4
23. Answer (4)
det (3A) = k{det(A)}
 33det(A) = k{det(A)}
 k = 27, option (4) is correct.
24. Answer (2)
Clearly option (2) is correct.
25. Answer (4)
|adjA| = 32 = 9
|adj(adjA)| = 92 = 81
26. Answer (3)
|A| = sin2 + cos2 = 1 ( 0 ).
1
Hence A–1 exists. Since, A 1  adj( A) and for the given question |A| = 1, hence A–1 = adj(A)
|A|
27. Answer (4)
det (adj A) = (det A)n – 1, where n is the order of matrix A, therefore |adj A| = |A|3–1 = 22 = 4
28. Answer (4)
Clearly, options (1), (2) & (3) are false. Option (4) can be easily verified as
 0 0 –1  0 0 –1  1 0 0 
 0 –1 0   0 –1 0   0 1 0 
    
 –1 0 0   –1 0 0  0 0 1
Solutions of Equations
29. Answer (2)
a 1 1
1 b 1 0
1 1 c
R1  R1 – R2, R2  R2 – R3
a  1 1 b 0
 0 b  1 1 c  0
1 1 c
 (a – 1)(b – 1)c – (a – 1)(1 – c) + (1 – b)(1 – c) = 0

Divided by (1 – a)(1 – b)(1 – c)
c 1 1
   0
1 c 1 b 1 a
1 c  1 1 1
   0
1 c 1 b 1 a
1 1 1
   1
1 c 1 b 1 a
30. Answer (3)
1 4a a
1 3b b  0
1 2c c
R2  R2 – R1, R3  R3 – R1
1 4a a
0 3b  4a b  a  0
0 2c  4a c  a
 ab + bc = 2ac
2 1 1
  
b a c
 a, b, c are in HP
31. Answer (0)
0 0 0   1 0 0   2 0 0 
A  I  0 1 1 , A  2I   0 0 0  , A  3I   0 1 1
   
 1 0 2   1 0 0   1 0 0 
det((A – I)(A – 2I)(A – 3I)) = (det(A – I))(det(A – 2I))(det(A – 3I)) = 0

32. Answer (24)
2
det(adj(adj(A2))) = | A2 |2  | A |8  88  224
33. Answer (3)
2 x  y  z w xy  zw
Here x  y  z  w 2( x  y )( z  w ) xy ( z  w )  zw ( x  y )
xy  zw xy ( z  w )  zw ( x  y ) 2 xyzw
1 1 0 1 1 0
= xy z w 0  z w xy 0
xy zw 0 zw xy 0
=0×0
=0
 2 + 2 + 2 +  = 2
34. Answer (14)
 0 0 1
∵ A   0 1 0  then A2 = I
 1 0 0 
 tr.(adjA50) = 3, tr.(A51) = –1, tr.(A–1) = –1 and tr.((A2)–1) = 3
35. Answer (63)
∵ A6 = I  BA6 = B  (BA)A3 = B
 AB2A5 = B
 AB(AB2)A4 = B
 A2B4A4 = B
Proceeding like this we get :
A6B64 = B  B64 = B
 B63 = I  K = 63
36. Answer (–0.66)
 2 
∵  I  A   (I  A)  I
 5 
2  2 2
 I    A  A I
5  5
 2 2
   A  0 (∵ A2  A)
 5 5
2
   0.66
3
37. Answer (2)
The equations are
x+y+z=2 ...(1)
2x + 3y + 2z = 5 ...(2)
2x + 3y + (a2 – 1) z = a + 1 ...(3)
1 1 1
Here,   2 3 2
2
2 3 a 1
1 1 1
 2 3 2
2
0 0 a 3
= a2 – 3
a2  3  0  | a | 3
If a2 = 3, then plane represented by (2) and (3) are parallel.

 Given system of equation is inconsistent.
38. Answer (4)
∵ x – 4y + 7z = g ...(i)
3y – 5z = h ...(ii)
– 2x + 5y – 9z = k ...(iii)
from 2 (equation (i)) + equation (ii) + equation (iii):
0 = 2g + h + k.
 2g + h + k = 0
then system of equation is consistent.
39. Answer (1)
–2 4d sin   2
det  A   1 sin   2 d
5 2sin   d – sin   2  2d
–2 4d sin   2
 1 sin   2 d
1 0 0
= d(4 + d) – (sin2 – 4)
 det (A) = d 2 + 4d + 4 – sin2 = (d + 2)2 – sin2
min det (A) is attained when sin2 = 1
 (d + 2)2 –1 = 8  (d + 2)2 = 9  d + 2 = +3
 d = –5 or 1
40. Answer (3)
1 1 1
  1 2 3  2  9    3  1    5
1 3 
5 1 1
1  9 2 3  5(2  9)  1(9  3)  (27  2)
 3 
= 10  45  9  3  27  2
=     18
1 5 1
 2  1 9 3  9  3  5(  3)  1(  9)
1  
= 9  3  5  15    9
= 4  2  6
1 1 5
3  1 2 9  2  27    9  5    13
1 3 
 for infinitely many solutions

1 = 2 = 3 =  = 0
  = 5,  = 13   –  = 8
41. Answer (4)
For non-trivial solution
 = 0
sin3 cos 2 2
1 3 7 0
1 4 7
sin3(21–28) – cos2(7 + 7) + 2 (4 + 3) = 0
sin3 + 2cos2 – 2 = 0
3sin – 4sin3 + 2 – 4sin2– 2 = 0
4sin3 + 4sin2 – 3sin= 0
sin(4sin2 + 4sin– 3) = 0
sin(4sin2+ 6sin– 2sin– 3) = 0
sin[2sin(2sin– 1) + 3 (2sin– 1)] =0
1  3
sin   0, sin   ∵ sin    
2  2
 5
 ,
6 6
42. Answer (4)
 = 1 = 2 = 3 = 0 for infinite solution
a 2 3
b –1 5
1 = = a(13) + 2(5c – 2b) + 3(–3b + c)
c –3 2
= 13a – 13b + 13c = 0

i.e, a – b + c = 0
or b – c – a = 0
43. Answer (4)
abc 2a 2a
 2b bc a 2b
2c 2c c ab
R1  R1 + R2 + R3
abc abc abc

 2b bc a 2b
2c 2c c ab
1 1 1
 (a  b  c ) 2b b  c  a 2b
2c 2c c ab
C1  C1 – C3, C2  C2 – C3
0 0 1
  (a  b  c ) 0 b  c  a 2b
c ab c ab c ab
= (a + b + c)(a + b + c)2
Option (4) is correct
44. Answer (2)
For unique solution,
1   1
  1  1  0
  2
1     1  1
  1 1  0
2  2
1  1
     2 1   1 1  0
1  2
1  1
     2 0 1 0  0
0 0 1
( +  + 2) 1(1)  0
2  0
45. Answer (4)
1 sin  1
A   sin  1 sin 
1  sin  1
0 0 2
=  sin  1 sin  R1  R1  R3
1  sin  1
= 2(sin2 + 1)
3 5 
as    , 
 4 4 
2  1
 sin    0, 
 2
 det(A)  [2, 3)
3
2, 3    
, 3
2 
46. Answer (3)
x(1 –) – 2y – 2z = 0
x + (2 – )y + z = 0
– x – y – z= 0
for getting a non-trivial solution
=0
1   2 2
1 2 1  0
1 1 
 (1 – )3 = 0
= 1
47. Answer (4)
If the system of equations has non-trivial solutions, then
1  c c
c 1 c  0
c c 1
 1  c 2   c  c  c 2   c  c 2  c   0
 1  c 1  c   2c 2 1  c   0
 1  c  1  c  2c 2   0
 1  c 2 1  2c   0
1
 c  1 or
2
48. Answer (4)
x – 2y + kz = 1, 2x + y + z = 2, 3x – y – kz = 3
1 2 k
 2 1 1 = 1(–k + 1) +2(–2k – 3) + k(–2 – 3)
3 1  k
= –k + 1 – 4k – 6 – 5k
= –10k – 5 = –5(2k + 1)
1 2 k
1  2 1 1  5(2k  1)
3 1 k
1 1 k 1 2 1
2  2 2 1  0,  3  2 1 2  0
3 3 k 3 1 3
∵ z0
 =0
1
 k 
2
 System of equation has infinite many solutions.
10  3 2
Let z =   0 then x  and y  
10 5
 (x, y) must lie on line 4x – 3y – 4 = 0
49. Answer (4)
Let  =  and  = 2 are roots of x2 + x + 1 = 0
y 1 2
 1 y  2  operate c1 c1 + c2 + c3
2
  1 y
1 1 2
 R  R R 
 y 1 y  2  By R2  R2  R1 
 3 3 1
1  1 y
1 1 2
 y 0 y  2  1   2
0  1 1  y  2
= y{(y + 2 – 1)(1 + y – 2) – ( – 1)(1 – )}

= y(y2 –(2 – 1)2) + y( – 1)2
= y3 + y( – 1)2 ( –( + 1)2) = y3
50. Answer (1)
2 3 1
9
0  1 k 2  0  k
2
2 1 1
 Equations are 2x + 3y – z = 0 ...(i)

2x – y + z = 0 ...(ii)
2x + 9y – 4z = 0 ...(iii)
By (i) – (ii), 2y  z
 z  4 x and 2 x  y  0
x y z 1 1 9 1
   k   4 
y z x 2 2 2 2
51. Answer (1)
x sin  cos 
1  – sin  – x 1
cos  1 x
= x(–x2 –1) – sin(–xsin – cos)

+ cos(–sin + xcos)
= –x3 – x + xsin2 + sincos – cossin
+ xcos2
= –x3 – x + x
= –x3
Similarly, 1 = –x3
1 + 2 = –2x3
52. Answer (1)
x+y+z=5
x + 2y + 2z = 6
x + 3y + z =  have infinite solution
 = 0, x = y = z = 0
1 1 1
 1 2 2 0
1 3 
 1(2 –6) – 1( – 2) + 1 (3 – 2) = 0

 2 – 6 – + 2 + 1 = 0
3
5 1 1 1 5 1
Now, x  6 2 2  0, y  1 6 2  0
 3 3 1  3
1 5 1
 0 1 1 0
0 5 2
 1(2 –  + 5) = 0
7
1 1 5 1 1 5
z  1 2 6  0  1 1
1 3  0 2 5
 1 (5 –  + 2) = 0
 =7
So,  +  = 10
53. Answer (2)
x –6 –1
2 –3 x x–3 0
–3 2 x x2
 x(–3x2 – 6x – 2x2 + 6x) –6(–3x + 9 – 2x – 4)

–(4x – 9xA) = 0
 x(–5x2) –6(–5x + 5) – 4x + 9x = 0
 x3 – 7x + 6 = 0
All the roots are real
0
 Sum of real roots = =0
1
54. Answer (2)
 = 1 = 2 = 3 = 0
1 1 1
  4    0
3 2 4
0 0 1
 4   2   0  =3
1 6 4
6 1 1
1    2    0 for   3
5 2 4
1 6 1
 2  4   2   0 for   3
3 5 4
1 1 6
3  4    2  0 for   3
3 2 5
 For  = 3, infinitely many solutions is obtained.

55. Answer (3)
There are two cases.
  2 
Case 1 :  , 
2 3 
So ; [sin] = 0, [– cos] = 0, [cot] = – 1
The system of equations will be ;
0·x + 0·y = 0 and – x + y = 0
(Infinitely many solutions)
 7 
Case 2 :    , 
 6 
So ; [sin] = – 1, [– cos] = 0,
The system of equations will be ;
– x + 0·y = 0 and [cot] x + y = 0
Clearly x = 0 and y = 0 (unique solution)
56. Answer (4)
C1  C1 + C2
2 sin2  4 cos 6
2
2 1  sin  4 cos 6 0
2
1 sin  1  4 cos 6
R1  R1 – R2, R2  R2 – R3
0 1 0
1 1 1 0
1 sin2  (1  4cos 6)
 2 + 4 cos6 = 0
1
cos 6 
2
∵ 6 (0, 2)
2 4
So, 6  or
3 3
 2
  or
9 9
57. Answer (2)
det(A) = |A|
et e t cos t e t sin t
 et e t cos t  e t sin t e t sin t  e t cos t
et 2e t sin t 2e t cos t
1 cos t sin t
t t t
 e e e 1  cos t  sin t  sin t  cos t
1 2 sin t 2cos t
0 2cos t  sin t 2sin t  cos t

t R  R1  R2
e 0  cos t  3sin t  sin t  3cos t 1
R2  R2  R3
1 2sin t 2cos t
0 5 sin t 5 cos t
 e t 0  cos t  3 sin t  sin t  3 cos t R1  R1  2R2
1 2 sin t 2cos t
 5e t  0, t  R
 A is invertible
58. Answer (3)
2 b 1
A  b b2  1 b
1 b 2
 2(2b 2  2 – b 2 ) – b(2b – b )  1( b 2 – b 2 – 1)
= 2b2 + 4 – b2 – 1 = b2 + 3
A 3
b
b b
3
b 1
∵ b   b·3  2
 
2  b
A
2 3
b
A
Minimum value of is 2 3 .
b
59. Answer (4)
0 2q r 
A   p q r 
 p q r 
0 2q r  0 p p  4q 2  r 2 2q 2  r 2 2q 2  r 2 
 2 
A  A   p r   2q q    2q  r p  q2  r 2 p2  q 2  r 2 
2 2
T
 q q
 p  2q 2  r 2 p2  q 2  r 2 p 2  q 2  r 2 
q r   r r r  
∵ AAT = I
 4q2 + r2 = p2 + q2 + r2 = 1
and 2q2 – r2 = 0 = p2 – q2 – r2
 p2 = 3q2 and r2 = 2q2
1 2 1 1
 p2  , q  and r 2 
2 6 3
1
 | p|  .
2
60. Answer (3)
Let |A| = x, |B| = y
1 1 1
 | A |  x, | A | 
T
, | BT |  y , | B 1 | 
x y
∵ |ABAT| = 8  |A| |B| |AT| = 8
 xyx = 8  x2y = 8 …(i)
1
∵ |AB–1| = 8  |A| |B–1| = 8  x  8 …(ii)
y
From (i) & (ii)
1
x  4, y 
2
1 y2 1
 | BA1BT |  | B || A1 || BT |  y . .y  
x x 16
61. Answer (4)
1 1 1
A  2 b c
4 b2 c2
c2 c2 – c1, c3 c3 – c1
1 0 0
A  2 b2 c 2
  b  2  c  2  c  b 
4  b  2  b  2   c  2  c  2 
2, b, c are in A.P. (b – 2) = (c – b) = d, c – 2 = 2d  |A| = d.2d.d = 2d3
∵ A   2,16  1  d 3  8  1  d  2
4  2d  2  6  4  c  6
62. Answer (4)
As B = A–1
1
B 
A
5 2 1
2
Now, B  0 2 1  2  2  25
 3 1
Given, |A| + 1 = 0
1
2
1 0
2  2  25
2 2  2  24
 0
2 2  2  25
 = 4, –3
Sum of values = 1
63. Answer (1)
For non-trivial solution,  = 0
2 2a a
2 3b b  0
2 4c c
1 a a
 1 2b b  0
1 3c c
 2bc – 3bc + a(b – c) + a(3c – 2b) = 0

 –bc – ab + 2ac = 0
ab + bc = 2ac
1 1 2
 
c a b
a, b, c are in HP
64. Answer (1)

For inconsistent system we need
 = 0 and atleast one of x, y z  0
1 2 3
  3 4 5 0
4 4 4
1 2 3
x   4 5
 4 4
= (–4) –2(4 – 5) + 3(4 – 4)  0

 –4 + 4 – 2  0
 2   + 2
 (, ) = (4, 3) is only possible in given options
65. Answer (4)
 2 2
  2 3 5
4  6
= (18 – 5) – 2(12 – 20) + 2(22 – 12)

  = –2 – 6 + 16
  = ( + 8)(2 –)
 = 0 for  = 2 or  = – 8
5 2 2
 for  = 2  x  8 3 5
10 2 6
 x = 5(8) –2(–2) + 2(–14)

x = 40 + 4 – 28 = 16  0
 System has no solution.
66. Answer (4)
∵ Three equations have infinitely many solutions, so
1 4 2
1 7 5  0
1 5 
   3
Putting the value of  in (3)

x + 4y – 2z = 1 and x + 5y – 3z = 5
On solving y = z + 4 and x = –2z – 15
Substituting these values in (2)
x + 7y – 5z =  = – 2z – 15 + 7z + 28 – 5z
   13
So  +  = 10
67. Answer (1)
7 6 2
As 3 4 2 = 0
1 2 6
 The system of equations has infinite trivial solutions.

Also adding equations (1) and 3(3) yield
10x = 20z  x = 2z
68. Answer (4)
2 –1 2
1 –2   0
1  1
 22 –  – 1 = 0
1
  = 1 or –
2
When  = 1
2x – y + 2z = 2 ...(1)
x – 2y + z = –4 ...(2)
x+y+z=4 ...(3)
Adding (2) and (3), we get
2x – y + 2z = 0 (contradiction) hence no solution.
1
When   –
2
2x – y + 2z = 2 ...(1)
1
x – 2y – z = –4 ...(2)
2
1
x– y +z=4 ...(3)
2
(1) and (3) contradict each other, hence no solution.
69. Answer (4)
x – 2 2x – 3 3 x – 4
  2x – 3 3 x – 4 4 x – 5
3 x – 5 5 x – 8 10 x – 17
x–2 x –1 x –1
C3  C3  C2
   2x – 3 x – 1 x –1
C2  C2  C1
3 x – 5 2x – 3 5 x – 9
x–2 x –1 x –1
   x –1 0 0 R2  R2 – R1
3 x – 5 2x – 3 5 x – 9
  
   –( x  1)  5 x – 14 x  9  2 x – 5 x  3 
2 2

= –3x3 + 12x2 – 15x + 6
So; B + C = –3
70. Answer (4)
1 1 1
2 4 1  0
3 2 
 –15 + 6 + 2 = 0
9
 
2
Substituting the value of  in equations, we get
x+y+z=2 …(1)
2x + 4y – z = 6 …(2)
6x + 4y + 9z = 2 …(3)
× 8 – 2 gives, 6x + 4y + 9z = 10
So for infinitely many solutions, 2 = 10

 =5
71. Answer (3)
A x = b has solutions x1, x2, x3
 x1 + y1 + z1 = 1
2y1 + z1 = 2
z1 = 2
Above system equation has solution
1 1 1
Here A  0 2 1 = 2
0 0 1
72. Answer (4)
2 –4 
1 –6 1  0  3 2 – 7 – 12  0
∵
 –10 4
2
   3 or –
3
Adding first two equations, we get
3 x1 – 10 x2  (  1)x3  3
and the last equation is x1 –10x2 + 4x3 = 3
2
So, for  = 3 there will be infinitely many solutions and for   – there will be no solution (i.e. equations
3
will be inconsistent).
73. Answer (2)
x ay x a x a x a x 1 xa
y by y b  y b y b y y 1 y b
z cy zc z c zc z 1 zc
x 1 x a
0y y x 0 0 R2  R2  R1
zx 0 1 R3  R3  R1
= –y(x – y) = – y(b – a)
= y(a – b)
74. Answer (4)
1 1 3
Here 1 3 k 2  0
3 1 3
1(9 – k2) – 1(3 – 3k2) + 3(1 – 9) = 0

9 – k2 – 3 + 3k2 – 24 = 0
2k2 = 18  k2 = 9, k = ±3
So equations are
x + y + 3z = 0 ...(i)
x + 3y + 9z = 0 ...(ii)
3x + y + 3z = 0 ...(iii)
Now (i) – (ii)
y
–2y – 6z = 0  y = –3z   –3 ...(iv)
z
Now,
(i) – (iii)
–2x = 0  x = 0
y
So x   0 – 3  –3
z
75. Answer (4)
1 1 1
Here   1 2 3  0
1 3 
 =5
and also
2 1 1
1  5 2 3  0
 3 5
 =8
76. Answer (1)
 b11 b12 b13 

B  bij   b21 b22 b23 
33
b31 b32 b33 
 30  a11 3  a21 32  a31 

 
 (B )   3  a12 32  a22 33  a32 
 2 3 4 
3  a13 3  a23 3  a33 
a11 a12 a13

det (B)  3.32  3.32 a21 a22 a23
a31 a32 a33
 34 = 36det(A)
1 1
 det(A) = 2

3 9
77. Answer (4)
22 3
adj B adj(adj A) A  A
    
C 3A 33 A  3 
1 1 2
 A  1 3 4  1(13)  1( 1)  2( 4)  6
1 1 3
3
adj B 6
Hence,   8
C 3
78. Answer (1)
x a x2 x 1
f x  x  b x 3 x2
x c x4 x 3
Operate R1  R1 + R3 – 2R2 and using a – 2b + c = 1
1 0 0
f x  x  b x 3 x2
x c x4 x 3
 f(x) = 1  f(50) = 1
79. Answer (4)
a b 
Let   , where a, b, c, d  {0, 1}
c d 
 |A| = ad – bc
 ad = 0 or 1 and bc = 0 or 1
so possible values of |A| are 1, 0 or –1
(P) If A  I2 then |A| is either 0 or –1
(Q) If |A| = 1 then ad = 1 and bc = 0
 a = d = 1  Tr(A) = 2
80. Answer (3)
Here adj A  2(4)  1(1– 2)  1(2)
adj A  9
n –1
and adj A  A 9
 2 = 9   = ±3 {∵ A  }
Now
( n –1)2
B  adj (adj A )  A   4  3 4  81
Now
–1 –1 1 1
  (B –1 )T  (BT )–1  (BT )  B  
B 81
1
So   ,     3, 81 
 
81. Answer (4)
 cos  sin  
∵ A 
 – sin  cos  
 cos n sin n 
 An    , n N
 – sin n cos n 
 cos  sin    cos4 sin4 

 B  A  A4    
 sin  cos   sin4 cos4
  4  4 
 cos 5  cos 5 sin  sin
5 5 
 B 
 – sin  – sin 4 cos   cos 4 
 5 5 5 5 
 0 1 10 – 2 5 2.35
det(B) = 2 sin   . =  1.175
 5  –1 0 2 2
det B  (1, 2)
82. Answer (2)
Using Cramer’s Rule, we have
1 2 0
1 1 k  1( 4  k 2 )  2(4)  4  k 2
0 k 4
1 2 0
 x  2 1 k  1( 4  k 2 )  2( 2k  6)  8  4k  k 2
6 k 4
Now, =0 if k = ±2
if k = –2, =0 and x  0
Hence no solution
Also if k = 2, =0 and x  0
Now
1 1 0
 y  1 2 k  1( 8  6k )  1(4)  6k  12  0
0 6 4
Hence, the system has no solution if k = ±2

and unique solution if k  ±2
83. Answer (4)
3 2 k
Here   2 4 2  0
1 2 1
 3(4 + 4) + 2(–2 + 2) – k(4 + 4) = 0
 24 + 0 – 8k = 0  k 3
Now,
10 2 3
1  6 4 2  10(4  4)  2( 6  10m )  3(12  20m )
5 m 2 1
= 80 – 12 + 20m – 36 – 60m
= 32 – 40m
3 10 3
2  2 6 2  3( 6  10m )  10( 2  2)  3(10m  6)
1 5 m 1
= –18 + 30 m + 0 – 30m + 18 = 0
3 2 10
3  2 4 6  3( 20m  12)  2(10m  6)  10(4  4)
1 2 5m
= –60m – 36 + 20m – 12 + 80
= –40m + 32
For inconsistent we have k = 3, &
4
32 – 40m  0  m 
5
84. Answer (2)
Determinant of coefficients of given equations is
2 3 2
3 2 2  2 (8  2)  3 (12  2)  2 ( 3  2)
1 1 4
= 20 – 30 – 10 = –20  0
 Hence the system of equation have unique solution
85. Answer (1)
1 2 3
0 2 6 11   20   2  25   3  10   0
1 2 7
x + 2y – 3z = a ...(1)
2x + 6y – 11z = b ...(2)
x – 2y + 7z = c ...(3)
5eq (1) = 2eq (2) + eq (3)
it 5a = 2b + c  infinite solution
i.e., it will represent family of planes having a line (of intersection) as a solution
86. Answer (3)
Given determinant is
a 2  3a  2 a2 1
D  a  5a  6 a3 1
a 2  7a  12 a  4 1
R3  R3 – R2; R2  R2 – R1
a 2  3a  2 a  2 1
 2a  4 1 0
2a  6 1 0
Expanding by C3
D = (2a + 4) – (2a + 6) = –2
87. Answer (4)

C1  C1 + C2
2 1  cos2 x cos 2 x
f (x)  2 cos2 x cos 2 x
2
1 cos x sin 2 x
R2  R2 – R1, R1  R1 – 2R3
0 sin2 x cos 2 x – 2 sin 2 x

f (x)  0 –1 0
2
1 cos x sin 2 x
f(x) = cos2x – 2sin2x
Max  5
88. Answer (2)
i –i   i – i   –2 2
A2   
–i i   – i i   2 –2 

 –2 2   –2 2   8 –8 
A4     
 2 –2   2 –2   –8 8 
 8 –8   8 –8   128 –128 
A8     
 –8 8   –8 8   –128 128 
x  8 
Given A8      
 y   64 
 128 –128   x   8 
 –128 128   y    64 
     
 128(x – y) = 8 and –128(x – y) = 64
1 1
 x–y  and x–y 
16 2
Which cannot be equal on same time
Hence no solution.
89. Answer (3)
3 4 2 x 3 4 2 x
∵ 4 5 2 y 0  1 2 d 0
5 k z 1 k 5 2 d
3 4 2 x
1 2 d 0
0 k 6 2 0
  k  6 2  3d  x   0
 k  6 2  k 2  72
90. Answer (4)
k 1 1
1 k 1 0
1 1 k
 (k – 1)2 (k + 2) = 0
k = 1 makes the equation identical hence the system will have infinite solution
System will have no solution for k = –2.
91. Answer (4)
0 sin  
A 
 sin  0 
sin2  0 
A2   
 0 sin2  
1
sin2   0
 2 1  2
det  A  I   0
 2  1
0 sin2  
2
2
 2 1
  sin     0
 2
1
sin   
2

 is one possibility
4
92. Answer (3)
4  2
2 1 1  0
 2 3
  + 2 – 6 – 12 = 0
 ( + 2)( – 6) = 0
 = – 2 or  = 6
93. Answer (4)
By using C1  C1 – C2 and C3  C3 – C2 we get
1 sin2 x 0
2
1 1  cos x 1  0
0 4 sin 2 x 1
Expanding by R1 we get
1(1 + cos2x + 4sin2x) – sin2x(–1) = 0
 2 + 4sin2x = 0
1
 sin 2 x 
2
 
 2 x  n  ( 1)n  , n  Z
 6 
7 11 7 11
 2x  ,  x ,
6 6 12 12
94. Answer (3)
For non-trivial solutions of given system we have
  
   0
  
 –( +  + ) (2 + 2 + 2 –  – – ) = 0

 –(–a)(a2 – 3b) = 0
a2
 3 (as a  0)
b
95. Answer (2)
3 –1 4
  1 2 –3  0  k  –5
6 5 k
For k = –5, 1 = 2 = 3 = 0
96. Answer (4)
1 1 1
 3 5 5 0
1 2 
 2
For  = 10, 1, 2 , 3 = 0 which corresponds to the case of infinite solutions
  10
97. Answer (1)
sin x cos x cos x
cos x sin x cos x  0
cos x cos x sin x
sin x  2cos x cos x cos x

sin x  2cos x sin x cos x  0
sin x  2cos x cos x sin x
0 cos x  sin x 0
 sin x  2cos x  0 sin x  cos x cos x  sin x  0
1 cos x sin x
 (sinx + 2cosx)(cosx – sinx)2 = 0
 tanx = – 2 and tanx = 1
  
 Number of roots in x    ,  is 1.
 4 4
98. Answer (4)
For no solution = 0 (by Cramer’s rule)
2 3 6
1 2 a 0
3 5 9
 2(18 – 5a) – 3(9 – 3a) + 6(–1) = 0
 –a + 3 = 0 a = 3
Let solutions of 2x + 3y + 6z = 8 & x + 2y + 3z = 5 be z = k gives y = 2 & x = 1 – 3k
for no solution (1 – 3k, 2, k) shall not satisfy 3x + 5y + 9z = b
 3(1 – 3k) + 10 + 9k b
 b 13
99. Answer (3)
Given –x + y + 2z = 0  x = y + 2z
 3y + 6z – ay + 5z = 1 ...(i)
2y + 4z – 2y – az = 7 ...(ii)
(3 – a )y  11z  1 ...(iii)
7
and z  ...(iv)
(4  a)
For no solution (iii) and (iv) represent parallel lines
4a 3a
i.e. 7   a  – 73 and 0 a=3 (also a = 4 is acceptable)
11 11
 n(S1)  2
For infinite solution lines shall coincide
3a 1 7
i.e.,  0 and   4  a  77
11 11 4  a
 a=3 and a = –73

 n(S2) = 0
100. Answer (1)
1  cos2  sin2  4 sin3

2 2
 cos  1  sin  4 sin3
2 2
cos  sin  1  4 sin3
C1  C1 + C2 + C3
2  4 sin3 sin2  4 sin3

2
   2  4 sin3 1  sin  4 sin3
2
2  4 sin3 sin  1  4 sin3
1 sin2  4 sin3
   (2  4 sin3) 1 1  sin2  4 sin3
2
1 sin  1  4 sin3
R2  R2 – R1 and R3  R3 – R1
1 sin2  4 sin3
  0 1 0  (2  4 sin3)
0 0 1
  = (2 + 4sin3)
=0
1
 sin3 
2
7
 
18
101. Answer (3)
x+y+z=4
3x + 2y + 5z = 3
9 x  4y   28     z  []
For unique solution   0
1 1 1
3 2 5 0
9 4 28  [ ]
  56  2[ ] – 20  – 1 84  3[] – 45   1(–6)  0

 36  2[ ] – 39 – 3[ ] – 6  0
 [ ]  – 9
   (–, – 9)  [–8,  )
and if [] = – 9, x = y = z = 0 gives infinite solution.
 for R set of equations have solution.
102. Answer (3)
[ x  1] [ x  2] [ x  3]
A  [x] [ x  3] [ x  3]
[x] [ x  2] [ x  4]
[x]  1 [x]  2 [x]  3

 [x] [x]  3 [x]  3
[x] [x]  2 [x]  4
C3  C3 – C2, C2  C2 – C1
[x]  1 1 1
 [x] 3 0
[x] 2 2
(Expanding by C3)
 1 2[ x]  3[ x]   2  3[ x]  3  [ x]   [ x]  2  2[ x]  3  = 3[x] + 6
|A| = 192
3[x] + 6 = 192
[x] = 62
x  [62, 63)
103. Answer (3)
1 cos  cos 
  cos  1 cos 
cos  cos  1
= (1 – cos2) – cos(cos – cos cos) + cos(coscos – cos)

= 1 – (cos2 + cos2 + cos2) + 2cos cos cos
(as A + B + C = 2)
= 1 – (1 – 2 cos cos cos) + 2cos cos cos
=0
 System has infinite solution
104. Answer (4)
2 1 1
 1 1 1  1  3a
1 1 a
2 1 5
3  1 1 3  7  3b
1 1 b
For no solution,  = 0, 3  0
1 – 3a = 0, 7 – 3b  0
1 7
a , b
3 3
105. Answer (1)
2r 
2r  2r  i
9
ar  cos  i sin e where r = 1, 2, 3...
9 9
2 4 6
i i i
e 9 e 9 e 9
a 1 a2 a3 8 10  12 
i i i
a4 a5 a6  e 9 e 9 e 9
a7 a8 a9 14  16  18 
i i i
e 9 e 9 e 9
2 4
i i
1 e 9 e 9
 2 8  14   2 4
i    i i
 e 9 9 9 
 1 e 9 e 9
=0
2 18 
i i
1 e 9 e 9
2 18  6 14 
i
i 9 i 9 i 9
Now, a1  a9 – a3  a7  e e 9 –e e
20  20 
i i
e 9 –e 9
=0
106. Answer (1)
Given det (A) = 4
On application of R2  2R2 + 5R3 on 2A we have 23.2 det (A) = 16 × 4 = 64
107. Answer (4)
2 3  2 a 
a 0   3 0  1  0
T 3  a
AA
Q     
a  3
2 2 2  0 
1
det(Q) =  a  3 2  9  a  3   6
4
a = 9, -3
A  AT 1  4 3  a
P  
2 2 a  3 0 
1
det(P )   (a  3)2
4
144
 det(P) = 0 or  36
4
 Required sum 36
108. Answer (4)
A5 = B5 ...(i)
A3B2 = A2B3 ...(ii)
A5 – A3B2 = B5 – A2B3
A3(A2 – B2) = B3(B2 – A2) = –B3(A2 – B2)
A3(A2 – B2) + B3(A2 – B2) = 0
(A3 + B3)(A2 – B2) = 0
( A3  B 3 )( A2 – B 2 )  0
A3  B 3  A 2 – B 2  0
 A 3  B3  0 ∵ A 2  B2  0 
109. Answer (2)
1 3 
1 1 1  0  1– 3(2)  (1)  0    5
1 2 3
For   5 there will be unique solution
1 5
p  1– 
6 6
For  = 5 and  = 3 there will be infinitely many solutions and for  = 5 and   3 there will be no solution.
1  1 5
q   1–  
6  6  36
110. Answer (13)
Given system of equation more than 2 solutions.

Hence system of equation has infinite many solution.
 D = D1 = D2 = D3 = 0
1 1 1 6 1 1 1 1 6
1 6 1
 1 2 3  10 2 3  1 10 3  1 2 10  0
3 2   2  3   3 2 
  = 1 and  = 14.
  – 2 = 13
111. Answer (8)
x – 2y + 5z = 0 ...(i)
–2x + 4y + z = 0 ...(ii)
–7x + 14y + 9z = 0 ...(iii)
From (i) and (ii); z = 0 and x = 2y
Let x = 2, y = , z = 0
Now
15  42 + 2  150
3  2  30
= ±2, ±3, ±4, ±5
Hence 8 elements are there in set S.
112. Answer (5)
  1   2  3  0 [For infinite solutions]
1 –2 3
 2 1 1 0
1 –7 a
 (a + 7) – 2(1 – 2a) + 3(–15) = 0

 a=8
1 –2 9
3  2 1 b 0
1 –7 24
 (24 + 7b) – 2(b – 48) + 9(–15) = 0

 b=3
 a–b=5
113. Answer (03.00)
  1 3  1 2
  1 4  2   3  0
Here
2 3  1 3(  1)
On solving it we get
63 – 362 + 54 = 0
 6[2 – 6 + 9] = 0
  = 0,  = 3 [Distinct values]
So sum = 0 + 3 = 3
114. Answer (21)
kx + y + 2z = 1 ...(1)
–3x + y + 2z = –2 ...(2)
3
x + y + 2z = ...(3)
2
from (2) and (3) we get
1 13
x and y  2z  –
8 8
Substituting these values in (1) we get
k = 21
115. Answer (36)
∵ P–1AP – I3 = P–1AP – P–1P = P–1(A – I)P
 |P–1AP – I3| = |P–1||A – I| |P| = |A – I|
1 7 2
∵ A  I  1 2 1
0  
 |A – I| = –6
 |P–1AP – I3|2 = (–6)2 = 362
116. Answer (2)
 4x  2
2  18 
∵  10  4x  
 5 
 42x – 144x – 32 = 0
 4x = 16  x = 2
2x  1 x  1 x2
1 0    
x  x x2  x  x2  x   x  1 x2  x = 2  
x 1 0
117. Answer (16)
 2 3  2  4 3  3 8 9 
∵ A  , A   0 1 , A  0 1 ,....
0 1    
So by mathematical induction we can conclude that
2n   1 
2n n
An   
0
  1n 
Also 2A (adj (2A)) = |2A|I
 A adj(2A) = –4I
A20  A10  adj  2 A  

10
Now, |A10 – (adj2A)10| = 10

A
A20  220 I
= ...(i)
A10
220 220  1 20  1 0 
0 220  1
A20  A20  I   2     
 0 1  0 1 0 1  220 
 |A20 – 220I| = 0
From (i) |A10 – (adj(2A))10| = 0
Hence, det(A4) + det(A10 – (adj(2A)10)
= |A|4 + 0
= (–2)4 = 16
118. Answer (1)

R1  R1 + R3 – 2R2
2 0 0
D x 1 x c xb
x bd x d x c
= 2((x2 + 2cx + c2) – (x2 + (b + d)x + bd))
= 2(c2 – bd) = 2(c2 – (c – )(c + ))
= 22
D = 2  2 = 1
119. Answer (5)
1 1 1
  1 2   0    2
2 1 1
2 1 1
 2  1 2 2  0    7
 1 1
3 = 0   = 7
+=5
120. Answer (6)
sin2 x 2  cos2 x cos2x R2  R2  R1

f (x)  2 2 0 R3  R3  R1
0 2 1
 f(x) = –2(–2cos2x) + (2sin2x + 4 – 2cos2x)

= 4cos2x + 4 – 2cos2x = 4 + 2cos2x
 f(x)max = 6
121. Answer (4)
det(2 Adj(2 Adj(Adj2A))) = 241
 det(2 Adj(2 Adj(22Adj A))) = 241
 det(2 Adj(25 Adj(Adj A))) = 241
 det(211 Adj(Adj(Adj A))) = 241
 233det(Adj(Adj(Adj A))) = 241
 |A|8 = 28  |A| = 2
 |A|2 =4
122. Answer (5)
For infinite solutions
First requirement
2 1 1
  1 1 1  0,    1
3 3 
Now the equations are :
2x + y – z = 3 ...(i)
x–y–z= ...(ii)
3x + 3y – z = 3 ...(iii)
For infinite solutions, one equation should be obtainable as linear combination of other two equation.
Adding (ii) and (iii) and dividing by 2 given LHS of (ii)
3
  3    3. Hence  +  –  = 5
2
123. Answer (108)
8 1 4A
adj(2A–1) = |2A–1|(2A–1)–1 =  A
|A| 2 | A|
3
A  12  123
So, | 3adj (2 A–1 ) |  12   | A| 
| A | | A | | A |2
 2 1 1 
∵ A   1 2 1  | A |  4
 1 1 2 
123
Hence, | 3adj (2 A –1 ) |   108
42

Chapter 4
Determinants
Solutions (Step-3)
SECTION - A
Objective Type Questions (One option is correct)
1. Answer (1)
C1  C1 – C2
4 (a x  a  x )2 1
4 ( b x  b  x )2 1
4 (c x  c  x )2 1
= 0 (as C1 and C3 are proportional)

2. Answer (3)
a a 1 a 1 a 1 b 1 c 1 a a 1 a 1 a 1 a 1 a
b b  1 b  1  ( 1) a  1 b  1 c  1  b b  1 b  1  ( 1) b  1 b  1 b
n n
c c 1 c 1 a b c c c 1 c 1 c 1 c 1 c
a a 1 a 1 a 1 a a 1
 b b  1 b  1  ( 1) n 1
b  1 b b  1 {C2  C3}
c c 1 c 1 c 1 c c 1
a a 1 a 1
n 2
 [1  ( 1) ] b b  1 b  1  any odd integer
c c 1 c 1
3. Answer (4)
Taking 25 + 1 = a and 25 – 1 = b, then 210 – 1 = (25 + 1) (25 – 1) = ab, therefore the given determinant equals.
1
a 2 ab
b
1
  ab b 2
a
1 1 1
 2 2
b a a b
Multiplying R1 with b, R2 with a and R3 with a2b2
ba 2 ab 2 1
1
  3 3 ba 2 ab 2
1
a b
ba 2 ab 2 1
0 0 2
1
 3 3 ba 2 ab 2
1 R1  R1  R2
a b
ba 2 ab 2 1
2 ba 2 ab 2
 .
a3 b3 ba 2 ab 2
2 1 1
 3 3
(a 3 b 3 )
a b 1 1
=4
4. Answer (2)
sc a b
 c sa b
c a sb
C1  C1 + C2 + C3
sabc a b
  sabc sa b
sabc a sb
1 a b
= (s  a  b  c ) 1 s  a b
1 a sb
0 s 0
= (2s ) 0 s s
1 a sb
= (2s)(s2 – c)
= 2s3
5. Answer (1)
D = cos( + )(cos cos – sinsin) + sin( + )(sin cos + cos sin) + cos2(sin2 + cos2)
= cos( + ) cos( + ) + sin( + ) sin( + ) + cos2.1
= cos2
6. Answer (3)
sin x cos x cos x

  cos x sin x cos x
cos x cos x sin x
C1  C1 + C2 + C3
sin x  2cos x cos x cos x

 sin x  2cos x sin x cos x
sin x  2cos x cos x sin x
1 cos x cos x
 (sin x  2cos x ) 1 sin x cos x
1 cos x sin x
0 cos x  sin x 0
 (sin x  2cos x ) 0 sin x  cos x cos x  sin x
1 cos x sin x
0 1 0
 (sin x  2cos x )(cos x  sin x )2 0 1 1
1 cos x sin x
= (sinx + 2cosx)(cosx – sinx)2 = 0

 tanx = –2 or sinx = cosx

x= is only solution
4
 Number of solution = one
7. Answer (2)
x3 – 1 = 0  x = 1, , 2
  = ,  = 2  1 +  +  = 0 and  = 1
 1  
    1
 1 
  1     
   1       1 C1  C1  C2  C3
  1    1 
1  
 1  1 (∵ 1      0)
1 1 
1  
R2  R2  R1
  0  1 
R3  R3  R1
0 1    
= [( +  – )( +  – ) – (1 – )(1 – )]

=  [2 – ( – )2 – (1 –  –  + )]
= [2 – ( + )2 + 4 – (1 – ( + ) + )]
= [2 – (–1)2 + 4 – (1 – (–1) + 1)]
= (2 – 1 + 4 – 3)
= 3
8. Answer (2)
f(x) = x{–2(1 + x2)} – (1 + sinx)(–2x2) + cosx{1 + x2 – x2log(1 + x)}
= –2x – 2x3 + 2x2 + 2x2sinx + cosx{1 + x2 – x2log(1 + x)}
Hence, –2
9. Answer (3)
1 a b
1 c a 0
1 b c
0 ac ba
 0 c b ac  0
1 b c
 (a – c)2 – (b – a)(c – b) = 0
 a2 + c2 – 2ac – (bc – b2 – ac + ab)
 a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca = 0
 a=b=c
3 3 3 9
 sin2A + sin2B + sin2C =   =
4 4 4 4
10. Answer (2)
1 a a2
cos( p  d )x cos px cos( p  d )x
sin( p  d )x sin px sin( p  d )x
= (cospx .sin(p + d)x – sinpx . cos(p + d)x) – a(cos(p – d)x . sin(p + d)x – sin(p – d)x . cos (p + d)x) 4
+ a2(cos(p – d)x . sinpx –sin(p – d)x . cospx)
= sindx – asin2dx + a2sindx
11. Answer (2)
nx n 1 cos x  sin x
d n n
( ( x ))  n! sin cos 00
dx 2 2
a a2 a3
   
nx n 1 sin  x   cos  x  
 2  2
n n
 n! sin cos
2 2
2 3
a a a
 n   n 
n ! sin  x   cos  x  
 2   2 
dn n n
So, n
 ( x )  n ! sin cos
dx 2 2
2 3
a a a
dn
  ( x ) at x  0  0
dx n
12. Answer (3)
For constant term, we can substitute x = 0.
1 0 1
 The constant term = 0 1 1 = –1
1 1 1
13. Answer (2)
1 1 1
Put x = 0 on both sides  A0  1 1 1  0
1 1 1
14. Answer (3)
P Q
adj (Q 1BP 1 )  adjQ 1.adjB.adjP 1  A.  PAQ
| P | |Q |
SECTION - B
Objective Type Questions (One or more than one option(s) is/are correct)
1. Answer (2, 3, 4)
a b a  b
b c b  c  0
a  b b  c 0
 R3  R3 – (R1 + R2)
a b 0
b c 0 0
a  b b  c (a 2  b  b  c )
 – (a2 + 2b + c) (b2 – ac) = 0

b2 = ac, a2 + 2b + c = 0
Hence option (2, 3, 4) are true
2. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)
1 bc a(b  c )
  1 ca b(a  c )
1 ab c(a  b)
0 c ( b  a ) c (a  b )
 0 a(c  b ) a(b  c ) (R1  R1 – R2, R2  R1 – R3)
1 ab c (a  b )
c ( b  a ) c (a  b ) 1 1
    ac (a  b )( b  c ) =0
a(c  b ) a(b  c ) 1 1
  does not depend on a, b, c.

3. Answer (1, 2, 3)
1  0 0
A  I  0 1  1 0
0 2 4  
 (1 – ) {(1 – ) (4 – ) + 2} = 0
 (1 – ) (2 – 5 + 4 + 2) = 0
( – 1) (2 – 5 + 6) = 0
3 – 52 + 6 + 5 – 2 – 6 = 0
3 – 62 + 11 – 6 = 0
Hence the characteristics equation of the matrix is
A3 – 6A2 + 11A – 6 = 0
1 2
 A–1 = (A – 6A + 11I)
6
|A2|  0
|A|  0
Hence options (1, 2, 3) are correct
4. Answer (2, 4)
x 1 0
 
A   1 x 1  and |A| = x3 – 2x
0 1 x
 
5. Answer (1, 4)
[Bk]n×n is a matrix, such that bij = 0, i  j and bii = k + i
n n  n  1
trace  Bk nn    k  i   kn 
i 1 2
m km  m  1 m  m  1 m  2 
 trace  Bk nn  2

6
n 1
10
2  10  11 10  11 12
 trace  B2 nn  2

6
 330
n 1
 m 
  trace  Bk nn 
It  n 1  1
m   m 3  6
 
 
6. Answer (1, 2, 3)
Given equation, |A – I | = 0
3 – 62 + 11 = 6;  A2 – 6A + 11I = 6A–1
7. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)
All one standard result
8. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)
f (  ) g (  ) f (   )
f () g () f (  )
f () g() f (   )
f ( ) g ( ) f ( )g ()  g ( )f ()
= f () g () f ()g ()  g ()f ()
f () g() f (  )g ()  g (  )f ()
f ( ) g ( ) 0
= f () g () 0 C3  C3 – g()C1 – f()C2
f () g() 0
=0
Hence, independent of , ,  and .
9. Answer (1, 2, 3)
3 digit numbers divisible by 72, include 288, 648 and 864.
Hence, the only possibility is
A = 2, B = 4, C = 4
2 6 8
   8 4 6  288
8 8 4
  is divisible by 72, 144 and 288.

10. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)
Since, the matrix is symmetric, it can be of the following type
a x y 
A   x b z 
 y z c 
Case (i) : Let a = b = c = x  y = z

In this case total matrices = 3C1 = 3
Case (ii) : Let a = x = y  b = c = z
In this case total matrices = 3C2 × 3C1 = 9
Hence, maximum number of such matrices = 3 + 9 = 12
11. Answer (1)
Clearly, the determinant
1 1 1 1 0 0
1 2 4  1 1 3 0 (C2  C2 – C1, C3  C3 – C1)
1 4 10 1 3 9
therefore, the given equations are consistent, if each of the three determinants
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
 2 4 , 1  4 , 1 2  are zero.
2 4 10 1  2 10 1 4  2
Solving,  = 1, 2
12. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)
1  cos  cos 2
 cos  1  cos   0
cos 2  cos  1
on expansion, the determinant equals

(1 – cos2) + cos(–cos + coscos2) + cos2(cos2 – cos2)
= 1 – 2cos2 + 2cos2cos2 – cos22
= 1 – 2cos2 (1 – cos2) – cos22
= 1 – 4cos2sin2 – cos22
= 1 – 4cos2 (1 – cos2) – (2cos2 – 1)2
= 1 – (4cos2 – 4cos4) – (4cos4 – 4cos2 + 1)
= 0, for all values of .
13. Answer (2, 3)
Let (I – AB)–1 = P
 P(I – AB) = I  P – PAB = I
PB–1 – PA = B–1; BPB–1 – BPA = I
BPB–1 = I + BPA
Now, BPB–1 = B(I – AB)–1 B–1 = B(B(I – AB))–1
= (B–1)–1 (B(I – AB))–1 = (B(I – AB)B–1)–1
= ((B – BAB)B–1)–1 = (I – BA)–1
14. Answer (1, 3)
(I + A)3 = I3 + 3A + 3A2 + A3 = I + 7A
A = B + C  A3 = (B + C)3
= B3 + 3B2C + 3BC2 + C3
 A3 – B3 – 3B2C = 3BC2 + C3 = 0
15. Answer (1, 2, 3, 4)

 1 0 3 0 2 0 4 0 0 0
(1)  ,  ,   , 
 0 3   0 1  0 2   0 0   0 4 
2 0 0 2
(2) Using 0, 0, 2, 2  there are two matrices which are invertible  , 
0 2  2 0
Using 0, 0 1, 3  there are four matrices which are invertible
Using 0, 1, 1, 2  there are twelve matrices which are invertible
Using 0, 0, 0, 4 and using 1, 1, 1, 1 no matrix is formed, which is invertible  total 18
(3) |4 –(–4)| = 8
(4) There are five matrices, which are either symmetric or skew symmetric and whose determinant is divisible
by 2
 2 0   0 2   0 0   4 0   1 1
 ,  ,   , 
 0 2   2 0   0 4   0 0   1 1
SECTION - C
Linked Comprehension Type Questions
Comprehension-I
1. Answer (1)
1  4
| A  I | 0   0  (1 – ) (3 – ) – 8 = 0  2 – 4l – 5 = 0  A2 – 4A – 5I = 0
2 3
2. Answer (1)
A2 – 4A – 5I = 0
 A–1(A2 – 4A – 5I) = 0
 A – 4I – 5A–1 = 0
 5A–1 = A – 4I
1
 A 1  ( A  4I )
5
3. Answer (1)
A5 – 4A4 – 7A3 + 11A2 – A – 10I
= A3(A2 – 4A – 5) – 2A3 + 11A2 – A – 10I
= – 2A(A2 – 4A – 5I) + 3A2 – 11A – 10I
= 3(4A + 5I) – 11A – 10I
= A + 5I
Comprehension-II
1. Answer (1)
For unique solution,
1 1 1
1 2 3 0
1 2 
1 0 0
 1 1 1 0 (C2  C2 – C1, C3  C3 – C2)
1 1 2
 ( – 2) – 1  0
 3
2. Answer (2)
For no solution
1 1 1
1 2 3  0 and   10
1 2 
i.e.,  = 3 and  10.

The last two equations must not be identical.
3. Answer (3)
For infinite solutions
1 1 1
1 2 3  0 and  = 10
1 2 
i.e.,  = 3 and  = 10
The last two equations must be identical.
Comprehension-III
1. Answer (1)
2. Answer (2)
3. Answer (3)
SECTION - D
Matrix-Match Type Questions
1. Answer A(p), B(q), C(r), D(s)
0 0 1
If x = 0, a4  1 1 1  1
0 1 1
f(x) = x2[(x2 – 1) – 1] – 2x [(x2 + 1)(x – 1) – x] + (1 + x2) [(1 + x2)(–1) – x(x + 1)]

= x2(x2 – 2) – 2x(x3 – x2 – 1) – (1 + x2)2 – x(1 + x + x2 + x3)
= (x4 – 2x2) – (2x4 – 2x3 – 2x) – (1 + 2x2 + x4) – (x + x2 + x3 + x4)
= – 3x4 + x3 – 5x2 + x – 1
 a4 = –1, a3 = 1, a0 = –3, a1 = 1
 a12 + a1 + 1 = 3
2. Answer A(q, s), B(t), C(r), D(q, s)
We know that (adj A)(A) = A(adj A) = |A|In and adj(adj A) = |A|n – 2A; |A|  0
3. Answer A(r), B(p), C(q), D(t)

(A) 29 = 512
(B) For maximum value the determinant will be
1 1 1
1 1 1 = 1(1 + 1) +1(1 + 1) + 0 = 4
1 1 1
(C) Maximum trace = 1 + 1 + 1 = 3
(D) Minimum value = –4
SECTION - E
Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1. Answer (1)
Clearly, ' is formed by the cofactor of 
 ' = 2
2. Answer (1)
∵ |A| = 0, A–1 does not exists.
Option (1) correct.
3. Answer (4)
1 k 3
∵   3 k 2  0  20k + 33 – 22k = 0
2 3 4
33
 k
2
4. Answer (1)
f'(x) = a1 + 2a2x +
or f'(0) = a1
21 22 23 1 1 1 1 1 1
 a1  1 1 1  31 32 33  1 1 1  0
1 1 1 1 1 1 41 42 43
SECTION - F
Integer Answer Type Questions
1. Answer (0)
a11 a12 a13

A  a21 a22 a23
a31 a32 a33
a11 k 1a12 k 2a13 k 2a11 ka12 a13

1 2
B  k a21 a22 k 1 a23  k a21 ka22 a23  A
k3 2
k 2 a31 k a32 a33 k a31 ka32 a33
 |A| = |B|
 |A| – |B| = 0
Comparing it with k1|A| + k2|B| = 0
We get k1 + k2 = 0
2. Answer (0)
As the value of the determinant is zero
 A=B=C=D=0
 A + B + 2C + 3D = 0
3. Answer (0)
∵ A – AT is skew symmetric.
 (A – AT)2009 is also skew symmetric
 det (A – AT)2009 = 0, as determinant value of every skew symmetric matrix of odd order is 0.
4. Answer (1)
∵  = 1{1 – 3sincos} – 3cos{sin – 3cos} + 1{sin2 – 1}
= 1 – 6sincos + 9cos2 + sin2 – 1
  = (sin – 3sin)2
  10  sin   3 cos   10
 0  (sin – 3cos)2  10
 0    10
1
 [|maximum value of  – minimum value of |]3.
100
1 1000
= [| (10  0) |3 ]  1
1000 1000
5. Answer (0)
Since, given system has no solution,
  = 0 and any one amongst x, y, z is non-zero.
2 4 1
Let  2 1 =0  42 – 3 = 0
1 1 
 (4 – 3) = 0
3
   0,
4
1 4 1
and  x  2 2 1  0
3 1 
6. Answer (0)
a b c
A b c a 0
c a b
And the determinant
bc  a 2 ca  b 2 ab  c 2
ca  b 2 ab  c 2 bc  a 2 is determinant of cofactor matrix of A.
2 2 2
ab  c bc  a ca  b
Hence its value = 0

7. Answer (5)
Rather than expand the determinant, we differentiate both sides w.r.t. x and then put x = 0 to obtain the value
of d.
x 2  3x x –1 x 3
(x) = x  1 –2 x x – 4  ax 4  bx 3  cx 2  dx  k
x3 x  4 3x
Differentiating w.r.t. x
2x  3 1 1 x 2  3x x – 1 x  3 x 2  3x x –1 x 3
(x) = x  1 –2 x x – 4  1 –2 1  x 1 –2x x – 4
x – 3 x  4 3x x–3 x  4 3x 1 1 3
= 4ax3 + 3bx2 + 2cx + d

Set x = 1 on both sides to obtain
4a  3b  2c  d 15
Then, the value of  5.
3 3
8. Answer (3)
1 0 0 x b b x b b
d x b
(D1)  a x b  0 1 0  a x b  3  3D2
dx a x
a a x a a x 0 0 1
9. Answer (25)
Determinant of A(x) = 150 + 100 sin2x
 min |A(x)| = 50
 |adj A(x)| = |A(x)|2
  = 502 = 2500

  25
100
10. Answer (2)
Here, A = B – I and B2 = nB.
where B = [bij]n × n adj bij = 1 for all i and j.
Note that (B – I) (cB – I) = cB2 – (c + 1) B + I = cnB – (c + 1) B + I
1
If we choose c  ,
n –1
 1 
then (B – I)  B –I I
 n – 1 
1
  B – I –1   
B –I
 n – 1 
1
A –1   B – I 
–1
  B–I
n –1
1 1 2–n
The diagonal elements in the matrix B – I will be – 1
n –1 n –1 n –1
 k=2
11. Answer (2)
k 4 1
  2 2 1  –  k – 4  k – 2   0
4 k 2
 1 1
 k = 4, 2  |p| = 12 ; 24    24  2
 p 12
 
12. Answer (3)
For no solution, |A| = 2a3 – 54 = 0
 a=3
Also when a = 3, (adj A)  B  0
 Equation has no solution if a = 3
13. Answer (18)
|A| = a3
and | adj  adj  adj A   |  | A | n –1

3
 
and | adj A –1 | 
1
| A |n –1
| A |
n –1
3
 | adj  adj  adj A  | . | adj A  | 

–1
| A |n –1
 | A |
n –1 –  n –1
3
 | A |8–2
= (a3)6 = a18
14. Answer (6)
6
   n    3  
 cosec     n – 1 4  cosec    
4 
 2 cot  – cot   
 r  
n 1 
 cot + tan = 4  = 15° or 75°
3
 sin2  – sin2  
2
SECTION - G (Previous Years Questions)

1. Answer (A)
 x   1
The equation A  y    0  has two distinct solutions. It should be noted here that the given equation is linear
 z   0 
equation in 3 variables, which may have no solution, or unique solution or infinitely many solutions.
Hence there does not exist any matrix A such that the given equation has exactly two solutions and
consequently number of 3 × 3 matrices is 0.
2. Answer (C)
We have,
1 a b
 
M 1 c
2  1

0 a  2 b  c 1
 |M| =  1 c
2  1
= –(a – 2 – b – c – ) + 2(ac – 2c – b – c – 1)
= –(a + c) + ac2 + 1
a + c  1, ac  1
Since a, b, c are  or 2
 a=c
If a =   c = 
 Number of ways of selecting a, b, c = 1 × 1 × 2 = 2
If a = 2, then number of ways = 1 × 1 × 1 = 2
Total number of distinct matrices in the given set S = 4.
3. Answer (D)
 a11 a12 a13 

 
Given, P  [aij ]33  a21 a22 a33 
 
a31 a32 a33 
Now, Q  2i  j aij  [bij ]
 b11 b12 b13   22 a11 23 a12 24 a13 

   
 Q  b21 b22 b23  =  23 a21 24 a22 25 a23 
   4 
 b31 b32 b33   2 a31 25 a32 26 a33 
a11 a12 a13

So, Q  212 a21 a22 a23 = 213.
a31 a32 a33
(as |P| = 2)
4. Answer (A, D)
 1 4 4
adj P  2 1 7 
 1 1 3 
|adj P| = 1(3 – 7) – 4(6 – 7) + 4(2 – 1) = –4 + 4 + 4 = 4

∵ |adj P| = |P|2
 |P|2 = 4
 |P| = ±2
5. Answer (A, B)
M  N2  M – N2  0
M2 – N4 = 0  (M – N2)(M + N2) + N2M – MN2 = 0
as MN = NM
 MN2 = NMN
= NNM
= N2M
So, (M – N2)(M + N2) = 0
So either M + N2 = 0 or M – N2 and M + N2 both are singular.
So, there exist a 3 × 3 non-zero matrix U i.e., M – N2 such that
(M + N2)U = 0  (M2 + MN2)U = 0
Also, |M2 + MN2| = |M||M + N2| = 0
6. Answer (B, C)
(1   )2 (1  2 )2 (1  3 )2 R2  R2  R1
(Take common)
(2   ) 2
 2  2   2  3 
2 2
R3  R3  R1
 3   2  3  2 2  3  3 2
1   2 1  2 2 1  3 2
2 3  2  3  4   3  6 
 4  2   4  4   4  6 
R3  R3 – R2
1   2 1  2 2 1  3 2
2 3  2 3  4 3  6 C2  C2  C1
(Take common)
1 1 1 C3  C3  C1
1   2  2  3   2  4 
 2.2. 3  2 2 2
1 0 0
4 2 2  83  648
 = 0, 2 = 81,  = 9
7. Answer (B, C)
PQ = kI
 | P | | Q | = k3
k2
 |P |  k3
2
 | P | = 2k = 12 + 20 ...(i)
Also, Q = kP–1
adjP adjP
= k 
|P | 2
 3  4   k
So, q23    
 2  8
k
 3  4  ...(ii)
4
On solving (i) & (ii)
k = 4,  = – 1, | P | = 8, | Q | = 8
 4 – k + 8 = 0
| P adjQ |  | P || Q |2  83  29
| Q adj P |  | Q || P |2  83  29
8. Answer (B, C, D)
ax + 2y = 
3x – 2y = 
a 2
 for unique solution
3 2
a –3
a 2 
  for infinite solution
3 2 
a = –3,  = 0

 1

For no solution,
a = –3 but  0
9. Answer (A, D)
Given system of equations can be written as
 1 2 5   x   b1 
 2 4 3   y   b   AX  B
    2
 1 2 2  z  b3 
 b1 
 1 2 5 b1   1 2 5 b1   1 2 5 
1 13
 A | B    2 4 3 b2  ∼  0 0 6 b1  b2  b3  ∼  0 0 0 b1  b2  b3 
 7 7 
 1 2 2 b3   0 0 7 b1  b3   0 0 7 b1  b3 
 
For solution of this system,
b1 13b3
 b2  0
7 7
 b1 + 7b2 – 13b3 = 0  (b1, b2, b3) = (–7K2 + 13K3, K2, K3) where K2, K3 R ...(i)
(A)   0  any possible set of (b1, b2, b3) would give a solution.
 every set of values of (i) provides atleast a solution of system of option (A).
 1 1 3 b1   1 1 3 b1   1 1 3 b1 
     
(B)  5 2 6 b2  ∼  3 0 0 2b1  b2  ∼  0 0 0 b1  b2  3b3 
 2 1 3 b3   1 0 0 b1  b3   1 0 0 b1  b3 
For solution of this system, b1 + b2 + 3b3 = 0

 (b1, b2, b3) = (–K2 –3K3, K2, K3), K2, K3 R ...(ii)
Obviously, the set represented by (i) is not contained in (ii).
 This system doesn’t have solution for every set of (b1, b2, b3) of (i).
(C) Equations are of parallel planes or identical planes. For solution, these planes should be identical for that,
(b1, b2, b3) = (–K3, 2K3, K3) ...(iii)
Every such value of (b1, b2, b3) is contained in (i) but not every value of (b1, b2, b3) of (i) is present in (iii).
 Not every (b1, b2, b3) of (i) gives solution to the system of equations of option (C).
(D)   0  every set of values of (i) provides atleast a solution of system of option (D).
10. Answer (A, B, C)
1 1 1
2
adj M  M  8 6 2  1(6  6)  1( 8  10)  1(24  30)
5 3 1
|M|2 = –2 + 6 = 4  |M| = ±2
We know
A.(adj A) = |A| I
So M = |M| (adj M)–1 …(1)
T
 1 3   1 
0  0 1 
2 2 2
   
 1 1  1 3 
1
So (adj M )   1  1
2 2 2 2
   
 1 3 1   3 1 1 
 2 2   2 2 2 
Now from equation (1),
 1 
0 1 
0 1 a  2
 
1 2 3 1 3 
  |M | 1
2 2
3 b 1  
 3 1  1 
 2 2 2 
By comparison, |M| = –2
So a = |M| (–1) = –2(–1) = 2
1
and b  | M |  1
2
(A) a + b = 2 + 1 = 3
(B) (adj M)–1 + adj M–1 ∵ adj A–1 = (adj A)–1
= 2adj(M–1) ∵ A.adj A = |A|In
 M 
 2  adj A = A–1 |A|
 2 
= –M So adj (M–1) = (M–1)–1 |M–1|
adj (M–1) = M|M|–1
M M
adj (M 1 )  
|M | 2
0 1 2 
(C) ∵ M   1 2 3 
3 1 1
 0 1 2      1
So,  1 2 3       2
3 1 1    3 
So,  + 2 = 1 …(2)
 + 2 + 3 = 2 …(3)
3 +  +  = 3 …(4)
From (2), (3) and (4), we get
 = 1,  = –1,  = 1
So value of  –  +  = 1 – (–1) + 1 = 3
(D) |adj (M2)| = |M2|2 = |M|4 = |–2|4 = 16
11. Answer (A, C)
 1 1 1 2 x x 
P  0 2 2 and Q   0 4 0 
 
0 0 3   x x 6 
6 –3 0 
So 6P –1
 0 3 –2
0 0 2 
(A) ∵ R = PQP–1
 det(R) = det(P)  det(Q)  det(P–1)
2 x x 
 
 det(R) = det(Q)= det  0 4 0 
 x x 6 
2 x x   2 x 0
   
 det(R )  det  0 4 0   det  0 4 0 
 x x 5   x x 1
2 x x 
 
 det(R )  det  0 4 0   8
 x x 5 
   0 
   
(B) R     0  must have non-trivial solutions of (, , )
   0 
So det(R) = 0
 4(12 – x2) = 0
 x  2 3
 1  6 
–1    
(C) PQP a  =  6a 
b  6b 
 1 1 1  2 0 0   6 –3 0   1  6 
1
 0 2 2 0 4 0  0 3 –2 a    6a 
6
0 0 3  0 0 6  0 0 2   b   6b 
12 6 4   1  36 
 0 24 8  a   36a 
     
 0 0 36  b  36b 
 12 + 6a + 4b = 36 and 24a + 8b = 36a

 a = 2 and b = 3
 a+b=5
(D) PQ = QP
 1 1 1  2 x x   2 x x   1 1 1
0 2 2   0 4 0  =  0 4 0   0 2 2 
     
0 0 3   x x 6   x x 6  0 0 3 
On both sides a12 elements are not equal for any value of x. So there exists no value of x for which
PQ = QP.
12. Answer (B, C, D)

∵ M–1 = adj (adj M)
 M–1 = |M| M ...(1)
 |M–1| = |M3| |M|
 |M|5 = 1  |M| = 1
Substituting |M| = 1 in (1) we get
M = M–1  M2 = I
also adjM = |M|.M–1 = M
Hence (adjM)2 = M2 = I
13. Answer (A, B, D)
∵ P is formed from I by exchanging second and third row or by exchanging second and third column.
So, PA is a matrix formed from A by changing second and third row.
Similarly AP is a matrix formed from A by changing second and third column.
Hence, Tr(PAP) = Tr(A) ...(1)
1 0 0
(A) Clearly, P.P  0 1 0   1
0 0 1
1 2 3  1 3 2 
and PE  8 13 18   PEP  8 18 13   F
 
 2 3 4   2 4 3 
 PEP = F  PFP = E ...(2)
(B) ∵ E  F  0
–1 –1 –1
So, EQ  PFQ  PFPQ  PFQ  P F PQ  Q  0
Also, EQ  PFQ –1  0
(C) From (2); PFP = E and P  – 1
So, F  E
Also, E  0  F
So, EF 3  0  EF 2
(D) ∵ P 2  I  P –1  P
So, Tr  P –1EP  F   Tr(PEP  F )  Tr(2F )
Also Tr  E  P –1FP   Tr(E  PFP )  Tr(2E )
Given that Tr(E) = Tr(F)

 Tr(2E) = Tr(2F)
14. Answer (7)
We have,
3x – y – z = 0 ...(i)
–3x + z = 0 ...(ii)
–3x + 2y + z = 0 ...(iii)
Applying (i) and (ii), we get
 y=0 ...(iv)
Also 3x = z
Points satisfying x2 + y2 + z2  100 with integral coordinates can be
(0, 0, 0), (1, 0, 3), (2, 0, 6), (3, 0, 9), (–1, 0, –3), (–2, 0, –6), (–3, 0, –9)
Hence 7 such points exist.
15. Answer (4)
|A| = (2k + 1)3, |B| = 0
9
 det (adj A)  det (adj B) = (2k + 1)6 = 106  k 
2
 [k] = 4
16. Answer (2)
x x2 1 x3
2 x 4 x 2 1  8 x 3  10
3 x 9 x 2 1  27 x 3
1 1 1 1 1 1
3 6
x 2 4 1 x 2 4 8  10
3 9 1 3 9 27
R3  R3  R2 C3  C3  C2
R2  R2  R1 C2  C2  C1
1 1 1 1 0 0
3 6
x 1 3 0 x 2 2 4
1 5 0 3 6 18
2 x 6  2 x 3  10  0
6x6  x3  5  0
( x 3  1)(6 x 3  5)  0
17. Answer (1)
Equation is rewritten as AX = B
 1  2  x 1
 
where A    1   , X   y  , B   1
 
 2   z   1 
  1 
adj( A).B
 X
det( A)
For infinite solution, det(A) = 0 and adj(A).B = 0
  = 1, –1
but  is not equal to 1 as in this case equation is inconsistent.
So,  = –1
i.e., 1    2  1
18. Answer (4.00)
 a11 a12 a13 

 
P   a21 a22 a23 
a a32 a33 
 31
The maximum possibility of |P| can be 6 if
a 21 a22 a a23 a a23 a 21 a 22

  2   22   21 but, the moment is set as 2 (say) and
a31 a32 a32 a33 a31 a33 a31 a32
a 22 a23 a 21 a 23
a32 a33 as 2 or –2, automatically a31 a33 takes zero.
Hence, |P|  6. Next possibility is 4.
 1 1 1
P   1 1 1 is one such possibility.
 1 1 1 
19. Answer (5)
x y  2
Let A     A  3 x  x  yz
z 3  x 
x y  x y 
Now A2     z 3  x 
 z 3  x   
 x 2  yz xy  3 y  xy   x 2  yz 3y 
   
 xz  3z  xz yz  9  x 2  6 x   3z yz  9  x 2  6 x 
 x 2  yz 3y  x y 
 A3   
 3 z 2
yz  9  x  6 x   z 3  x 
 x 3  xyz  3 yz x 2 y  y 2 z  9 y  3 xy 
 
2 2 2 3 2
3 xz  yz  9z  x z  6 xz 6 yz  27  3 x  18 x  xyz  9 x  x  6 x 
 Trace  x 3  xyz  3yz  6yz  27  3 x 2  18 x  xyz  9 x  x 3  6 x 2  18
 9yz + 9x2 – 27x + 27 = –18
 yz + x2 – 3x + 3 = –2
x2 – 3x + yz = –5
 3x – x2 – yz = 5
|A| = 5
20. Answer (1)
21. Answer (1.50)
Solution for Q 20 and 21
1 2 3
 4 5 6 0
7 8 9
Given system of equation will be consistent even if  =  =  – 1 = 0, i.e. equations will form homogeneous
system.
So,  = 0,  = 0,  = 1
0 2 1
M 0 1 0  – 1(–1)   1
–1 0 1
As given equations are consistent

x + 2y + 3z –  = 0 ...P1
4x + 5y + 6z –  = 0 ...P2
7x + 8y + 9z – ( –1) = 0 ...P3
For some scalar  and 
P1 + P2 = P3
(x + 2y + 3z – ) + (4x + 5y + 6z –) = 7x + 8y + 9z – ( – 1)
Comparing coefficients
 + 4 = 7, 2 + 5 = 8, 3 + 6 = 9
 = 2 and  = –1 satisfy all these conditions
comparing constant terms,
– –  = – ( – 1)
 – 2 +  = 1
So equation of plane is
x – 2y + z = 1
–2 – 1 3
Distance from (0, 1, 0) = 
6 6
2
 3  3
D   2  1.50
 6


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CLS ENG 22 23 XII Mat Target 2 Level 1 Chapter 4

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Chapter 4

 (x – a)[0 – (x – c)(x + b)] + (x – b)[(x + a)(x + c)] = 0

x  iy  6i (3i 2  3)  3i (4i  20)  1(12  60i )

x  iy  6i ( 3  3)  3i (4i  20)  (12  60i )  12  60i  12  60i  0

1(1 + 1) + k(–k + 1) – 1(k + 1) = 0

12. Answer (2)

13. Answer (2)

1(2 – 0) – 1( – 3) + 1(2 –2) = 0

When k  3 , the given system of equations has no solution.

Hence, option (1) is correct.

∵ | A | = 0  1 (40  40)  3(29  24)  (  2)(10  12)  0   = 4

24. Answer (1)

As R1 and R3 are identical

= 2c(ab + b2 – bc) – 2b(bc – c2 – ac)

= pa(qra2 – p2bc) – ab(q2ca – prb2) + rc(pqc2 – r 2ab)

= –pqr(a + b + c)(–a2 – b2 – c2 + ab + cb + ca)

Introduction and Properties of Determinants

= –4((x – y)(z – y) – (y – z)(y – x)) = 0

(x – 2)(10 – 20) – (4x – 2)(3 – 5) + (2x – 1)(12 – 10) = 0

sin  sin B cos C

= (x – y)(y – z)(z – x)(x + y + z)

1  sin2  cos 2  4 sin 4

2  4 sin 4 cos 2  4 sin 4

k = –1(0) – 1(–2) + 1(2) = 4

15. Answer (4)

=0 (∵ R1 & R3 are identical)

log a p 1 log A  ( p  1)log R p 1

20. Answer (2)

Option (2) is correct.

a11 a12 a13

a11 a12 a13

Expand along C1   = 4a11{ – }.

Adjoint and Inverse of Matrix

 (a – 1)(b – 1)c – (a – 1)(1 – c) + (1 – b)(1 – c) = 0

30. Answer (3)

31. Answer (0)

det((A – I)(A – 2I)(A – 3I)) = (det(A – I))(det(A – 2I))(det(A – 3I)) = 0

If a2 = 3, then plane represented by (2) and (3) are parallel.

40. Answer (3)

 for infinitely many solutions

= 13a – 13b + 13c = 0

abc abc abc

45. Answer (4)

= y{(y + 2 – 1)(1 + y – 2) – ( – 1)(1 – )}

 Equations are 2x + 3y – z = 0 ...(i)

= x(–x2 –1) – sin(–xsin – cos)

 1(2 –6) – 1( – 2) + 1 (3 – 2) = 0

 x(–3x2 – 6x – 2x2 + 6x) –6(–3x + 9 – 2x – 4)

 For  = 3, infinitely many solutions is obtained.

0 2cos t  sin t 2sin t  cos t

 2bc – 3bc + a(b – c) + a(3c – 2b) = 0

64. Answer (1)

= (–4) –2(4 – 5) + 3(4 – 4)  0

= (18 – 5) – 2(12 – 20) + 2(22 – 12)

 x = 5(8) –2(–2) + 2(–14)

Putting the value of  in (3)

67. Answer (1)

 The system of equations has infinite trivial solutions.