MAKING LIQUID SOAP

The existence of liquid bath soap has more or less shifted solid bath soap. When viewed
from the price, this liquid bath soap is more expensive than solid soap. This is because
liquid bath soap is available in bottle-like packaging. The price of this packaging causes
the price of liquid bath soap to be more expensive.
Why do some people switch to liquid bath soap? The advantages of liquid bath soap
when compared to solid bath soap are as follows:
1. Practical, because liquid bath soap is available in bottled form, so it can be easily
carried everywhere.
2. Easily soluble in water (tub), with stirring for a while, it immediately foams and is used
for bathing.
3. It is easy to foam using a cloth sponge, so you can save on the use of soap.
4. Contamination of germs can be avoided, can guarantee a healthier when compared to
solid soap that is held by many people.

Tools for making liquid soap

1. Beaker glass 250 mL
2. Beaker glass 100 mL.
2. Electric Heater and Stirrer
3. Glass stirrer
4. Measuring cup 10 mL
5. Storage bottles (glass/plastic)
6. pH meter/universal pH indicator/PP solution (phenolphthalein)
7. Thermometer
8. Analytical Balance

Ingredients for making liquid soap

1. Barco coconut oil
2. Palm oil
2. Boiling water
3. Glycerin
4. KOH (potassium hydroxide)
5. Citric acid or stearic acid
6. Perfume (essential oil)
7. Dye

Stages of How to Make Liquid Soap:

The process of making liquid soap with this saponification reaction is also called the hot
process. In this process, heat is used to heat the oil (fat).
1. Wear personal protective equipment (PPE)
Before making, wear safety equipment such as goggles, masks, latex gloves, and long
sleeves to avoid the impact of chemicals.
2. Weigh the ingredients
Previously you need to prepare the necessary tools and materials. After that, weigh
the ingredients for the soap: 70 grams of Barco cooking oil, 30 grams of palm oil, 22.76
grams of KOH, 53.11 grams of distilled water.
3. Make a solution of KOH (lye)
Dissolve KOH with 53.11 mL of distilled water and stir the mixture until it dissolves
completely. Then add 10 mL of glycerin, stir until dissolved.
4. Heat the oil
Heat the oil over medium heat, keeping the temperature at 60-700C.
5. Mixing KOH solution with oil
Mix the KOH solution into the oil mixture. Then stir continuously until a saponification
reaction is formed (saponification). The dough must be allowed to stand until all the
KOH in the lye solution is completely saponified.
6. Saponification reaction
 Saponification reactions are also known as neutralization reactions. In this reaction,
fatty acids are reacted with potassium hydroxide solution. One of the reactions that
have worked perfectly is the final pH of the dough is neutral.
7. Dilution of soap paste
You need to do dilution to make it liquid. Take 100 ml of hot water. Add hot water little
by little while continuing to stir until all the pasta is dissolved.
8. Soap pH Test
The way to test it is using a pH meter or universal pH indicator paper. There is a way
to test pH, that is, you use a PP indicator. If a pink color is formed, then the pH is still
high. Make adjustments by adding a solution of citric acid or stearic acid. Do the test
again until it does not change color when the PP indicator is added.
9. Finishing soap
At the final stage, you can add fragrance or color to taste.

Process Sequence Picture:

Adonan “seperti sabun” Kondisi trace (terbentuk sabun)

Saponifikasi sempurna Pasta sabun cair final

Uji pH dengan indikator pp Sabun Cair