General Instruction- Do not attempt section B before attempting section A.

ICSE SCOPE- Concept of latitudes: main latitudes, their location with degrees, parallels of latitude and their uses.
LEARNING INTENTION - Understand the concepts of geographical grids.

LESSON OBJECTIVES-
 Differentiate between - Latitudes & Longitudes
 Discuss the uses of parallels of latitude and longitude.
SUCCESS CRITERIA

 To be able to understand the concept of geographical grids.

 To be able to differentiate between Latitudes & Longitudes.
 To be able to build the concept of latitudes: main latitudes, their location with degrees.
 To be able to discuss the uses of parallels of latitude and their relationship with heat zones.

Section-A- Prior knowledge question- 2 Min

If you wish your cousin to visit GMA who is new to the

place, I guess you would like to share google location.
How that helps?
ans) GPS gives them the exact location via a measure of
longitudes and latitudes.
Section-B- 20 Min

Every location on earth has a global address. A global

address is given as two numbers called coordinates. The
two numbers are a location's latitude number and its
longitude number ("Lat/Long").

Watch-https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=swKBi6hHHMA
Write your 1. Define
answer i. Geographical grid
below ii. Equator
iii. Prime meridian
iv. latitude and longitude.

i. A geographical grid is a set of longitudes

and latitudes on the globe that help us find a
precise location
ii. The equator is the largest circle of latitude
on the Earth
iii. Is the main longitude when taking reference
of latitudes.
iv. latitudes are imaginary circles parallel to the
Equator.
longitudes are imaginary circles parallel to
the Prime Meridian.
Write your answer 2. Lines of latitude runs west to east and lines of longitude runs north to
below south

Write your answer 3. A line of latitude is also known as “parallels”-Why?

below
This is because they run parallel to the equator

Now let us look at important lines of latitude-

4. Look at the diagram and complete the graphic
organizer.

Name of the important Angle from the center

latitude of the earth
Equator 0º
Tropic of cancer 23.5º N
Tropic of Capricorn 23.5º S
Arctic Circle 66.5º N
Antarctic Circle 66.5º S

HEAT ZONES- Watch-https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-pB6hfRcPAo

5. Complete the graphic organizer with appropriate details.

HEAT ZONES LATITUDES SUN RAYS [ Slanting/ LIES BETWEEN

direct]
TORRID Equator Direct Tropic of cancer and
Tropic of Capricorn
TEMPERATE Tropic of Cancer Slightly slanting Arctic Circle and
and Capricorn Antarctic Circle
FRIGID Artic and Antarctic Exceptionally slanting Arctic Circle/Antarctic
Circle Circle and North/South
Pole

6. What are the latitudes of the following places and find out in which heat zone they are after
completing the graphic organizer given below?
Write your Latitude Heat Zone
answer
below
 Dubai 25.2048° N Temperate
Tropic of Cancer

 Moscow 55.7558° N Frigid

Arctic Circle
 New Delhi 28.6139° N Temperate
Tropic of Cancer
 Singapore 1.3521° N Torrid
Equator

7. What is prime meridian? Why is it called prime meridian?

Write your answer Prime Meridian

below
The prime Meridian is a line of longitude which is zero degree

Read- Lines of Longitude are also called meridians because in a geographical understanding,
meridians are large circles that are not identical to each other but rather intersect each other at the
north and South Pole. The word "meridian" indicates midway, symbolizing that noon is halfway
among sunrise and sunset. The lines from pole to pole are lines of consistent longitude or meridians.
Watch- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PoFLtoSvxw
8. What is a great circle? How many great circles are there? [ OPTIONAL]
9. Challenge question- Which meridian with 50-degree west will form a great circle? [OPTIONAL}

Write your answer

below

Local and standard time- Local time implies the time of a particular place, as regards the meridian
running through it. On the contrary, standard time is referred as the official local time of a region
ascertained by the distance from the Prime Meridian of the meridian running through the area. Earth
rotates on its axis, leading to sun rise and sun set in different parts of the world. In other words,
different parts of the earth receive daylight at different times.
Due to this, the earth is divided into sections called as time zones. The earth completes one rotation
of 360 degrees in 24 hours, i.e., it moves about 15 degrees in every hour. Therefore, the earth is
parted into 24 time zones and each time zone is 15 degrees longitude wide, i.e., each time zone is
one hour apart from the other. These time zones play a significant role in determining the standard
time and local time of a place.
Watch- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7o4XtLhPnzw
10. Differentiate between local and standard time with an example.
Write your answer below

11. Why
do we
need

standard time? What does GMT mean?

Write your answer below

Greenwich Mean Time is the yearly average (or ‘mean’) of the time each day when the Sun crosses
the Prime Meridian at the Royal Observatory Greenwich. GMT stands for Greenwich Mean Time, the
local clock time at Greenwich. From 1884 until 1972, GMT was the international standard of civil
time. Though it has now been replaced by Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
12. Why do we need GMT?

Write your answer below

Explore
for
extended
learning-

https://greenwichmeantime.com/uk/time/
Watch- How the International Date Line Works- https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=hPpWCTHjzQI&t=32s
The International Date Line runs down the middle of the Pacific Ocean. If you cross the date
line moving east, you subtract a day, whereas if you are moving west, you add a day. For example, if
today is Friday and we crossed the International Date Line from west to east then it would be
Thursday.
13. Differentiate- GMT and IST.
Write your answer below
GMT IST

14. Why
do we
need
IDL?
Write your answer below