Information Network Security Administration

Department of Electronics Warfare Engineering and

Operation

By: -Abusew Zemedikun

October-2022
 Contents
Electronic Warfare Engineering
• How do perceive EW • Ho do you perceive Engineering
• Evolution of EW • What is Engineering in EW
• Key EW Strategies, Policies, Context
Doctrines, Principles, and Procedure • Key Engineering Principles,
• Impact of EW Standards, Models, Processes
and Practices in EW
• EW Ecosystem • Identify critical existing, cutting edge and
upcoming engineering solution techniques, tactics,
models processes and trends and how they
are/can be adopted to engineering in EW Context
Definition of EW:
• Electronic Warfare is a military action involving the use of
electromagnetic energy to determine, exploit, reduce, or prevent
the hostile use of electromagnetic spectrum as well as action which
retains friendly use of electromagnetic spectrum.

• Electronic warfare plays a very important role in any military

operations. All service components conduct and integrate
electronic warfare into operations to support missions.
•Objectives of EW
• Determining the existence and 'placements of the enemy's
electronic aids to warfare
• Destroying or degrading the effectiveness of the enemy's
electronic aids to warfare
• Denying the destruction or degradation of the effectiveness
of friendly electronic aids to the warfare.
Component of EW
Electronic warfare consists of three main areas:
• electronic warfare support measures (or electronic warfare support);
• electronic countermeasures (or electronic attack) an
• electronic protection
a. Electronic Warfare Support(ESM)
• ESM:-consist of actions to search for, intercept, identify, and locate
or localize sources of intentional and unintentional radiated
electromagnetic energy for the purpose of immediate threat
recognition, targeting, planning and conduct of future operations.
Conn…
b. Electronic Countermeasures(EA): -are the actions taken to prevent or
reduce the enemy's effective use of the electromagnetic spectrum and
involving the use of electromagnetic energy, directed energy, equipment with
the intent of degrading, neutralizing, or destroying enemy combat capability.
EA includes: -
• Jamming and electromagnetic deception.
• Employment of weapons that use either electromagnetic or directed energy
as their primary destructive mechanism (laser, radio frequency weapons,
particles beams)
• Offensive and defensive activities including countermeasure
Conn…
Examples of Offensive EA:
• Jamming early warning radars
• False target on enemy radars
• Directed energy weapons(laser/ADS)
• HARM Missiles
Examples of Defensive AE:
• Radar reflector
• Decoys
• Chaff
• Stealth
• CRE
 Conn…
Electronic Protection(ECCM)
• Electronic protection ensures the friendly use of the electromagnetic spectrum
with special measures, techniques and activities.
• It consists of passive and active means taken to protect personnel, facilities, and
equipment from any effects of friendly unintended interference or enemy
employment of electronic warfare that degrades, neutralizes, or destroys
friendly combat capability
EP is important to protect and maintain our use of EM Spectrum Against:
• Collection operations
• Directed Finding operations
• Jamming operations
• Deception operation
• Viruses, Worms, Phishing, Denial of Service
 Evolution EW
• The first reported conflict involving the use of EW was the Russo-Japanese War
of 1905
• World War I saw the widespread use of radio for communication and
transmission of combat information. In 1914, the Germans intercepted the
communication system of the British forces.
• World War II, Use of radar for war the operations was a major development of
this period(1939)
• During 'Vietnam War in 1965(surface-to-air missiles) up to 1971(Specialized)
• In 1973 Arab-Israel War- most of the latest Soviet SAM and AAA
systems in action, the Arabs employed a range E of ECM and ECCM
measures.
 Conn…
• In April 1982, the world saw another EW conflict in the Falklands War. On 4
May 1982, a British Type-42 destroyer, HMS Sheffield, was destroyed by a sea-
skimming French built Exocet missile.

• In June 1982, Israel and Lebanon in the Bekka Valley. In this war, the Israelis
made use of a special type of deception technique, called decoys (drones and
RPVs, remotely piloted vehicles)

• Electronic warfare today is an utterly deadly battlefield, where victory or defeat

may come in a matter of seconds, even microseconds. Thus, in this situation
inadequate EW means certain defeat.
Review key EW Strategies, policies, doctrines Principles and Procedures
Strategies of EW: - defines how operations are to be conducted to
accomplish national policy objectives.
Strategy is the continuous process of developing and applying ways and
means to overcome particular challenges and achieve strategic ends
(objectives).
• Creating a Secure EW Ecosystem
• Creating an Assurance Framework
• Strengthening the Regulatory Framework:
• Protecting Critical Information Infrastructure:
 Conn…
• Policies of EW
• Policy is guidance that is directive or instructive, stating what is to be
accomplished. It reflects a conscious choice to pursue certain avenues and
not others.

• Thus, while doctrine is held to be relatively enduring, policy is more

mutable, but also directive. Policies may change due to changes in national
leadership, political considerations, or for fiscal reasons.
Conn…
Doctrine of EW
• Doctrine presents codified best practices on how to accomplish
military goals and objectives.
• It is a storehouse of analyzed experience and wisdom.
Procedure of EW
• Establish Goals and Objectives
• Communicate Clearly and Consistently
• Create a Motivational Environment
• Establish Accountability Methods
• Plan and execute.
Impact of EW
• In military operations, use of EM or directed energy to
control the EM spectrum or to attack the enemy.

• To secure and maintain effective control and use of the

spectrum by friendly forces and to deny use by an adversary
through damage, disruption, and deception.
EW Ecosystem

EW can be applied from air, sea, land, and/or space by crewed and
uncrewed systems, and can target communication, radar, or other
military and civilian assets.
• Surface Electronic Warfare
• Ground Electronic Warfare
• Airborne Electronic Warfare
• Cyber Electronic Warfare
 Engineering
How do you perceive Engineering/Engineering Solution
• Engineering is the scientific use of technologies to design, develop, improve, maintain EW
technologies and solve EW problems

What is Engineering in EW Context

• Engineering in EW is concerning the use of the friendly electromagnetic spectrum to deny its
effective use by an adversary.

• Engineers support software developers and hardware developers as well as product managers in
ongoing customer projects.

• As an Engineer you also have the rare opportunity to interact and work closely with our
customers and end users
 Key Engineering principles, standards, models, processes and best practices to EW

Principles of Engineering
• Testability - It is designed to have a repeatable test that can be performed to ensure
that it is as expected.
• Communicate efficiently – Avoid long reports
• Maintainability - It is designed to last. A system should last twenty years with a
designed way to maintain the system.
• Integrity - It is designed to have structural integrity.
• Avoid unnecessary complexity.
• Use thought-provoking processes – avoid design processes that you don't need to think
about.
 Conn…
Practice of Engineering

• Asking Questions and Defining Problems

• Developing and Using Models

• Planning and Carrying out Investigations

• Analyzing and Interpreting data

• Obtaining , Evaluating, and Communicating Information

Conn…
Process of Engineering
• Define The Problem
• Brainstorm Possible Solutions
• Research Ideas
• Develop A Design Proposal
• Make A Model or Prototype
• Test and Evaluate
• Refine the Design
• Create the Solution
• Communicate the Results
 Conn…
• Standards of Engineering
• ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute)
• IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission)
• IEEE SA (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Standards
Association)
• ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
• ITU (International Telecommunication Union)
Conn…
Model of Engineering
• Physical models: - are the ones that look like the finished object they
represent.
• Schematic models: - are more abstract than physical models. Graphs
and charts are schematic models that provide pictorial representations
of mathematical relationships.
• Verbal models: - use words to represent some object or situation that
exists, or could exist, in reality.
• Deterministic models: - are those for which the value of their
variables is known with certainty. In a previous example, the manager
knew profit margins and constraint values with certainty.
Thank you