DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN GENERAL BIOLOGY I

I. OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

A. differentiate passive transport and active transport;
B. demonstrate the mechanisms of diffusion and osmosis through laboratory activities; and
C. give real-life applications of the processes of diffusion and osmosis.

II. SUBJECT MATTER

A. Topic : Transport Mechanisms
B. Sub-Topic : Passive Transport
C. Materials : Practicum lab sheet, laboratory apparatus, LCD projector, laptop
D. References
 Passive transport : Calipjo, A. et.al. (2010). Biology Second Year. Phillippines: Neo Asia
Publishing Incorporated
 Cell membrane functions: https://www.thoughtco.com/cell-membrane-373364
E. Skills to be developed : observation, describing, communication skills, critical thinking skills
F. Values to be integrated : self-discipline, respect, understanding, honesty, teamwork
III. PROCEDURE

Teacher Activity Student Activity

A. CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT

May I ask everybody to stand up and let us (Students will stand up and pray.)
pray.
Good morning, ma’am!
Good morning, class!

You may now take your seat.

Kindly arrange your chairs and sit properly.

Keep the things that are not needed in our
subject. You may bring out your science
notebook and get ready with our lesson for (The students will arrange their seats and bring out
today. their science notebook.)

May I ask the class secretary to monitor who

is absent today. Thank you! Yes, ma’am!

B. REVIEW
Will you describe the plasma membrane
based on our previous discussion? Ma’am, the plasma membrane is made up of a
phospholipid bilayer and it is semipermeable.

Very good!

What is the function of the plasma

membrane? Ma’am, it is responsible for the movement of
materials in and out of the cell.
That’s correct!

C. MOTIVATION
I have here a tea bag. Let’s assume that this
is a cell. What do you think is being
represented by the bag? Ma’am, it represents the plasma membrane of the
cell.
That’s correct!
Will you guess what will happen if I will soak
the tea bag in warm water. Ma’am, I guess the tea will be dissolved.
 Ma’am, water will enter into the tea bag.
Ma’am, the tea inside the bag will move out and
spread throughout the water.
Nice guess! Let’s find out which among your
responses is correct. I will now soak the tea
bag in warm water. Observe properly.
(The teacher will execute the procedure.)

What happened to the tea bag when it was

soaked in water?
Good observation! Did the water penetrate
the bag?
That’s correct! How can you relate your
observation of the tea bag to the plasma
membrane of the cell?
Very good!
How do you call that process?
Ma’am, when the tea bag was soaked in warm
water, the contents of the bag moved out, making
the water dark in color.
Yes, mam! The water also passed through the bag.
Ma’am, just like the tea bag, the plasma membrane
can also allow materials to move in and out of the
cell.
Ma’am, the process where materials move in and
out of the cell through the plasma membrane is
called cell transport.

Very good! Cell transport is one of the

processes that are being carried out by the
cell to sustain life.

There are two types of cell transport. They

are the passive transport and active
transport.

For today, we will discuss about the

mechanisms of passive transport. We will
start it with a laboratory activity.

D. PRE-LABORATORY ACTIVITY
The objective of the activity is for you to
differentiate the two types of passive
transport - diffusion and osmosis through a
laboratory activity or experiment.
You will be working with your groupmates
assigned before.
Read the procedure of the activity and
execute it well. I will give you 20 minutes to
perform the activity. After that, a
representative of each group will present the
results of your activity.
Raise your hand if you have questions. Did
you understand, class?
You may now proceed to your designated
area and start working.
E. LABORATORY ACTIVITY
*(See attached activity sheet.)
 (The teacher will facilitate and monitor the
students as they perform the activity.)
F. POST-LABORATORY ACTIVITY
Now that you are done performing the
laboratory activity, it’s time for you to present
the results. May I ask one representative
from each group to come in front of the class
for the presentation of the results. Yes, ma’am!

(Students will perform the activity by group.)

(A representative of each group will present in

Thank you for your presentations. Let’s give
them a round of applause!
Based on the activity that you have
performed, kindly explain the concept of
diffusion.
front.)
(The students will applaud the presenters.)
Ma’am, diffusion is a process wherein solutes move
from a region of higher concentration to a region of
lower concentration until there is no difference in
concentration.

Very good! The pictures show how diffusion

happens. Kindly explain the process by using
an example. Use the pictures as your basis.
Ma’am, the process of diffusion can be illustrated
when preparing a milk drink. When you add three
tablespoons of powdered milk to a glass of water,
the milk powder dissolves and diffuses throughout
the entire glass and eventually reaches equilibrium.
As a result, all parts of the solutions taste equally
the same.

Very well said! When milk powder is poured

into the water, the particles of the powder
tend to move randomly in different directions
until they will be distributed evenly
throughout the water.

When talking about the cells, diffusion is true

to small particles like gases. Will you give
an example for this? Ma’am, an example for that is the movement of
oxygen in our lungs when we breathe.

That’s correct! When we inhale, the oxygen

that reaches the alveoli of the lungs diffuses
into the blood through the capillaries. This is
made possible because the oxygen
concentration in the alveoli is higher than in
the blood, thus, oxygen diffuses into the
blood.
How about osmosis? Kindly explain the
process based on your activity. Ma’am, osmosis is the movement of water
molecules through a semipermeable membrane.
 Good! You have seen that in the activity that
you have performed using potato slices.
How do you call the salt solution where you
Ma’am, it is called hypertonic solution.
soaked the potato slice?

Yes, that’s correct!

What happened the slice of potato that was
soaked in a hypertonic solution?
Ma’am, the potato decreased in size and in mass.
Its texture became smooth also.
What do you think is the reason why there
was a change in mass, size and texture in
the potato slice?
Ma’am, the reason for that is that there is a greater
solute concentration outside the cell, thus water
moved out from the cells of the potato through the
process of osmosis.
That’s correct! In the process of osmosis,
water molecules tend to move through the
semipermeable membrane of cells of the
potato.

G. APPLICATION

How is the concept of osmosis applied in

real life situation? Will you give a scenario in
relation to that?
Ma’am, the process of osmosis is applied in food
preservation, like in the preparation of dried fish.
Before the fish is dried, it is soaked first in a salt
solution which is classified as a hypertonic solution.
That allows water to move out from the cells of the
fish.

Very good! Will you give other examples? Ma’am, osmosis is also applied in the preparation of
strawberry jam, but instead of salt, what is being
used is sugar which makes the food tastes sweet
and delicious.

Very good!

Why is cell transport important to living Ma’am, cell transport is important for cellular life. As
organisms? cells proceed through their life cycle, a vast amount
of exchange is necessary to maintain function.
Transport may involve the incorporation of biological
molecules and the discharge of waste products that
are necessary for normal function.
Very well said!

H. GENERALIZATION

To sum up our lesson for today, will you

compare and contrast diffusion and osmosis
using a Venn diagram, then explain it briefly.
 What is common between diffusion and osmosis is
that both of them are types of passive transport
where the movement of molecules is from a region of
higher concentration to a region of lower
concentration. They do not require the use of energy.

Their difference is that diffusion involves the

movement of smaller molecules like oxygen and
carbon dioxide gases into and out of the cell, while
osmosis involves the movement of larger molecules
like water molecules through the semipermeable
membrane.

Very good!

IV. EVALUATION/ ASSESSMENT

Compare diffusion and osmosis.

Basis for comparison Diffusion Osmosis

Meaning
Semipermeable membrane
Medium
Type of diffusing molecule

V. ASSIGNMENT/ AGREEMENT

Explain the importance of diffusion and osmosis to living organisms.

Prepared by: Checked by:

____________________ ________________________
Student Teacher Cooperating Teacher

Date: _______________ Date: ___________________