DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

POWER ELECTRONICS
EEB451;LAB 01
SINGLE PHASE COTROLLED FULL WAVE RECTIFIER

PROMISE SEBAKA 201901194

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Contents
AIM .......................................................................................................................................................... 3
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 3
RECTIFYING CIRCUITS .......................................................................................................................... 3
APPARATUS USED; .............................................................................................................................. 3
THEORY ................................................................................................................................................... 4
PROCEDURE ............................................................................................................................................ 7
RESULTS AND ANALYSIS .......................................................................................................................... 8
DISCUSSION........................................................................................................................................... 10
CONCLUSION......................................................................................................................................... 10
REFERENCIES ......................................................................................................................................... 11

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AIM
The aim of this experiment is to design and make analysis of a single phase full
wave rectifier.

INTRODUCTION
Circuits known as rectifier circuits change the input ac voltage to the output dc
voltage. This is typically done when the machinery only needs dc electricity and
the supply voltage is ac. Rectifying circuits fall into one of two categories:
Half-wave rectifiers are a type of rectifier that only permits one half-cycle of an
AC voltage waveform to pass while blocking the other half-cycle. The simplest
type of rectification is this one.
• Full wave rectifier: A full wave rectifier turns the AC signal's two halves—
each cycle—into pulsating DC signals. For both input ac voltage cycles, current
flows in the same direction [1]

RECTIFYING CIRCUITS
Circuits known as rectifier circuits change the input ac voltage to the output dc
voltage. This is typically done when the machinery only needs dc electricity and
the supply voltage is ac. Rectifying circuits fall into one of two categories:
a)Half-wave rectifiers are a type of rectifier that only permits one half-cycle of
an AC voltage waveform to pass while blocking the other half-cycle. [1].
b) Full wave rectifier: A full wave rectifier turns the AC signal's two halves—
each cycle—into pulsating DC signals. For both input ac voltage cycles, current
flows in the same direction [1]

APPARATUS USED;
1) 1 Single phase AC power supply of 220v
2) 4 thyristors and pulse generator
3) A resistive load
4) A DC ammeter
5) A DC voltmeter

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 6) An oscilloscope
7) Matlab Simulink

THEORY
Rectification is the process of conversion of alternating input voltage to direct
output voltage. in diode rectifiers, the output voltage cannot be controlled ,
whilst if using thyristors, the output can be controlled.

Fully controlled single phase rectifier

The main elements of a fully controlled single phase converter are illustrated in
fig 1 below. It comprises of 4 thyristors connected in a bridge formation. The
positive load terminal can be connected (via thyristor 1) to terminal A or via
(thyristor 2) to terminal B of the input source and likewise the negative load
terminal can be connected either to A or to B via thyristor 3 or thyristor 4
respectively. The interest is to find the model operation applicability of the
output voltage waveform on the dc side and in particular to discover how it
can be controlled by varying the firing delay angle σ. The voltage waveform for
a given σ will depend up on the nature of the load and to explore the basic
mechanism of phase control the case where the load is a resistive is
considered.

Fig 1: fully controlled single phase converter

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Calculation of average value of Vo(mean) and Io(mean)
1 𝜋
𝑉𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 = 2( ∫ 𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑑𝜃)
2𝜋 𝛼
𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝜋
𝑉𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 = ∫ 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑑𝜃
𝜋 𝛼

𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑉𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 = − [𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝜋) − 𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝛼)]
𝜋
𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑉𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 = [1 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝛼)]
𝜋

𝑉𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝐼𝑜 = = [1 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝛼)]
𝑅𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 𝜋𝑅𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑

The rms values for the output voltage and are given by:

Calculations
For α = 0
𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝑉𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 = [1 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝛼)]
𝜋
220
𝑉𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 = [1 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠(0)] = 140.056
𝜋

𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝛼 𝑆𝑖𝑛2𝛼 220 0 𝑆𝑖𝑛0

𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = √(1 − + ) = √(1 − + ) = 155.56𝑉
√2 𝜋 2𝜋 √2 𝜋 2𝜋

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For α = 60
220
𝑉𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 = [1 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠(60)] = 105.0422
𝜋

220 𝜋⁄3 𝑆𝑖𝑛60

𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = = √(1 − + ) = 139.53𝑉
√2 𝜋 2𝜋

For α = 120
220
𝑉𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑛 = [1 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠(120)] = 35.014
𝜋

220 2𝜋⁄3 𝑆𝑖𝑛120

𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = = √(1 − + ) = 106.78𝑉
√2 𝜋 2𝜋

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PROCEDURE
Matlab Simulink was used to construct up the full wave rectifier circuit in the
aforementioned Figure 1. Connecting the multimeter across the load
resistance allowed us to measure the output voltage's average and RMS
values. Following simulation, the input and output waveforms were recorded.
The supply current's waveform was also simulated and recorded. The firing
delay angles used were 0°, 60°, and 120°.

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RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
IF σ=0,then results are as follows

Peak outputvoltage220v
Peak output curret22A

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If σ=60ᵒ,the results are;

Peak output voltage=220v Peak current=22A

If σ=120ᵒ, results are as follows

Peak output voltage=190v Peak current=18.9A

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DISCUSSION
The results show that peak output voltage and current values decrease with
increasing firing angle. The Thyristors are somewhat to blame for the voltage
dips, but the main cause is because raising the firing angle lowers output
voltage since it restricts voltage across the load.
The rms and average values of output voltages and current were not measured
since laboratories and equipment were unavailable or difficult to access.
Therefore, it was impossible to compare the theoretical and practical findings.

CONCLUSION
The experiment's aims were met, and its goal was also. Designing and
simulating a fully controlled single phase full rectifier on Matlab was followed
by circuit analysis. The practical outcomes were in line with what was
predicted theoretically for the output waveforms.

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REFERENCIES
1. Tutorialspoint, "Tutorialspoint," Tutorialspoint, [Online]. Available:
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/electronic_circuits/electronic_circuits_rectifiers.htm.
[Accessed 05 november 2020].

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