9 Mathematics

Quarter 3 - Module 8
Applying Theorems to Show that
the Given Triangles are Similar
and Proving the Pythagorean
Theorem
Mathematics – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 8: Applying Theorems to Show that the Given Triangles are
Similar and Proving the Pythagorean Theorem
First Edition, 2021

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 9

Mathematics
Quarter 3 - Module 8
Applying Theorems to Show that
the Given Triangles are Similar
and Proving the Pythagorean
Theorem
Introductory Message

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step
as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM.
This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to
ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the
lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that
you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also provided
to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best
help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of
this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercise and tests. Read
the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks
in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module provides several activities that will help you to learn about applying
theorems to show that given triangles are similar and the Pythagorean theorem.

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

• applies the theorems to show that the given triangles are similar;
• prove the Pythagorean theorem;
• solve for the unknown lengths of similar triangles.

What I Know

Directions: Read each question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. What can you say about the triangle if the sides are a2 + b2 = c2?
a. The triangle is obtuse. c. The triangle is acute.
b. The triangle is right. d. The triangle is scalene.
2. Find the missing length of the hypotenuse.
a. 15 in. c. 13 in. 12 in. c
b. 16 in. d. 18 in.
3. Which of the following sides of a triangle is a right triangle? 9 in.
a. 56 m, 65 m, 16 m c. 24 cm, 143 cm, 145 cm
b. 135 mm, 140 mm, 175 mm d. 44 m, 70 m, 55 m
4. The top part of a circus tent is in the shape of a cone. The tent has a radius of 50m. The
distance from the top of the tents to the edge is 61m. How tall is the top part of the tent?
a. 34.94 m c. 78.74 m 61 m
b. 78.87 m d. 50 m 50 m

5. Which of the following cannot be the length of the sides of a right triangle?
a. 3, 4, 5 b. 5, 12, 13 c. 8,15,17 d. 10, 24, 35
6. The width of a rectangle is 18 m and its length is 24 m. Find the length of the diagonal of
the rectangle?
a. 28 m b. 29 m c. 30 m. d. 36 m
7. In a right triangle, the length of a shorter leg is 5 cm. and the length of a longer leg is 12
cm. Determine the length of the hypotenuse.
a. 13 cm b. 16 cm c. 10 cm d. 15 cm
8. Find the value of the unknown variable in this figure.
a. 8 units c. 9 units
b. 6 units d. 10 units

9. Which of the following angle measurements describes an isosceles right triangle?

a. 30° − 60° − 90° c. 30° − 30° − 90°
b. 45° − 60° − 90° d. 45° − 45° − 90°

1
For items 10 - 11, refer to the right ∆ 𝐴𝐵𝐶 below.
C 10. Solve for the value of x.
a. 5 units c. 5√2 units
10 b. 5√3 units d. 2.5 units
y 11. Solve for the value of y.
a. 5 units c. 5√2 units
B 600 A b. 5√3 units d. 2.5 units
x
12. What is the geometric mean of 4 and 12?
a. 7 b. 4 c. 6 d. 4√3
For items 13 - 15, refer to the right triangle below and solve for the measurement of unknown
sides.

9 16 13. Find the measurement of x.

a. 11 b. 15 c. 12 d. 20
x 14. Solve for the value of y.
z y a. 11 b. 15 c. 12 d. 20
15. Determine the value of z.
a. 11 b. 15 c. 12 d. 20

What’s In
A. Directions: Determine whether ∆𝐶𝐴𝑁 is similar to ∆𝐺𝐼𝑉 with the given information.
If they are similar, state a reason for your answer by using the choices
below.

A. SAS similarity theorem D. Right triangle similarity theorem

B. SSS similarity theorem E. Special right triangle theorem
C. AA similarity theorem

𝐶𝐴 𝐴𝑁 𝐶𝑁
___________ 1. = = Reason: __________________
𝐺𝐼 𝐼𝑉 𝐺𝑉
𝐶𝐴 𝐴𝑁
___________ 2. 𝑚∠𝐴 ≅ 𝑚∠𝐼 and = Reason: __________________
𝐺𝐼 𝐼𝑉
___________ 3. 𝑚∠𝐶 ≅ 𝑚∠𝐺 and 𝑚∠𝑁 ≅ 𝑚∠𝑉 Reason: __________________

B. Directions: Determine whether the given pairs of triangles is similar by SSS, SAS, or
AA Similarity Theorem. Write your answer on your answer sheet.

1. ∆𝐶𝐴𝑂 ~ ∆𝑅𝐴𝐿 2. ∆𝑅𝑁𝐴~ ∆𝑉𝑁𝐸

R
R V N
C
A L
O
E
A

2
 3. ∆𝐽𝐶𝐵 ~ ∆𝐴𝐶𝑂 4. ∆𝐽𝐴𝐶 ~ ∆𝑄𝑈𝐸 5. ∆𝐽𝑁𝐸 ~ ∆𝐹𝑁𝐴
J A U J E

A
N
J C
C O B Q E
A F

What’s New

You have learned in your Grade 8 Mathematics that there

are sufficient conditions for two triangles to be congruent. There
are also sufficient conditions for two triangles to be similar.
These are (a) corresponding angles are congruent, and
(b) lengths of corresponding sides are proportional. Now let us
have an activity below to further understand similar triangles.

Activity
A. If three sides of one triangle are proportional to three sides of another triangle, are
the two triangles be similar?
y

1. The figure above is the graph of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 and ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹. If AB = √13 , BC = 5,

AC = 6, DE = 2√13, EF = 10 and DF = 12, solve for the following.
𝐴𝐵 𝐴𝐶
a. = c. 𝐷𝐹 =
𝐷𝐸
𝐵𝐶
b. 𝐸𝐹
=

3
 2. Compare the ratios in your answers in item 1.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. Use protractor to find the measurement of the following angles. ( see figure on page
3)

What have you observed?

𝑚∠𝐴 = _____ 𝑚∠𝐷 = ______
__________________________________
𝑚∠𝐵 = _____ 𝑚∠𝐸 = ______ __________________________________
𝑚∠𝐶 = ______ 𝑚∠𝐹 = ______ __________________________________
_________________________________
B. If three angles of one triangle are congruent to three angles of another triangle, are
the two triangles be similar? Do the activity below and answer the questions that
follow.
E
B

A C

D F

1. Using your ruler, measure the length of the sides of the above triangles. Record your
data in the appropriate box.

∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹 RATIO

𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐶
AB BC AC DE EF DF
𝐷𝐸 𝐸𝐹 𝐷𝐹

𝐴𝐵
Is
𝐷𝐸
= 𝐵𝐶
𝐸𝐹
𝐴𝐶
= 𝐷𝐹 ? Yes or No? __________________

2. Using the figure above, complete the following statement.

a. ∠𝐴 ≅ _______
b. ∠𝐵 ≅ _______
c. ∠𝐶 ≅ _______

4
 3. Complete the given statements.

a. If three angles of one triangle are congruent to _________ angles of another triangle,
then the two triangles are __________.
b. If three sides of one triangle are proportional to _______ sides of another triangle,
then the two triangles are ___________.
c. What are the two triangles that is similar? ∆_______~∆_______.

What is It

Application of Triangle Similarity Theorems

In the previous module, you have learned that if (a) corresponding angles are
congruent and (b) the corresponding sides are proportional, then we can conclude that the
two triangles are similar. Always remember that the symbol "~” read as “is similar to” and this
” ≅ “ symbol read as “ is congruent to”. Let us recall and apply the theorems to solve for the
unknown parts of similar triangles.

AA Similarity Theorem

AA Similarity Theorem
If two angles of a triangle are congruent to two angles of
another triangle, then the triangles are similar.

Let us apply this theorem to solve for the unknown angle measurement of similar
triangles.

Example 1: ∆𝐺𝐻𝐼~∆𝐿𝐽𝐾, Solve for the 𝑚∠𝐻.

Solution:
To solve for 𝑚∠𝐻.
𝑚∠𝐻 = 180° − (𝑚∠𝐺 + 𝑚∠𝐼)
𝑚∠𝐻 = 180° − (32 + 105) Substitute.
𝑨𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓: 𝒎∠𝑯 = 𝟒𝟑°
𝑚∠𝐻 = 43° = 𝑚∠𝐽
𝑚∠𝐼 = 𝑚∠𝐾 = 105°
Thus by AA Similarity Theorem, 𝑚∠𝐽 = 43°.

5
SAS Similarity Theorem

SAS Similarity Theorem

If an angle of one triangle is congruent to an angle of another
triangle and the sides including those angles are proportional, then
the triangles are congruent.

Let us apply this theorem to solve for the unknown side of a triangle.

Example 2. ∆𝑉𝐴𝑁 ~ ∆𝑆𝐴𝑀, Solve for the value of x.

V S Solution: To find the value of x, we can

𝑆𝐴 𝐴𝑀
use the proportion = .
𝑉𝐴 𝐴𝑁
27
12 12 𝑋
= Substitute the given
27 63
values into the proportion.
X
27𝑥 = 756 Apply cross-product
A M
property of proportion.
A N
Answer:
63
𝒙 = 𝟐𝟖 Divide both sides by 27.

𝑆𝐴 12 𝟒 𝐴𝑀 28 𝟒
In the triangles ∆𝑉𝐴𝑁 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∆𝑆𝐴𝑀, = = while = = and ∠𝐴 of both
𝑉𝐴 27 𝟗 𝐴𝑁 63 𝟗
triangles are right angles. Since the corresponding sides of the given triangles are proportional
and the angles between proportional sides are congruent, we can say that ∆𝑉𝐴𝑁 ~ ∆𝑆𝐴𝑀 by
SAS Similarity Theorem.

SSS Similarity Theorem

SSS Similarity Theorem

If the three sides of one triangle are proportional to the
three corresponding sides of another triangle, then the triangles
are similar.

Let us apply this theorem to solve for the unknown sides of a triangle.

Example 3. ∆𝐸𝐿𝐻 ~ ∆𝐴𝑁𝐸 , Solve for the value of x and y.

E A Solution: To find the value of x, we can use

𝐴𝐸 𝐴𝑁
the proportion = .
𝐸𝐻 𝐸𝐿
10 x 10 𝑥
= Substitute in the proportion.
15 18 15 18
15𝑥 = 180 Cross-product property.
y E 14 N Answer:
H L 𝒙 = 𝟏𝟐 Divide both sides by 15.

6
 To find the value of y, we can use the
𝐴𝐸 𝐸𝑁
proportion = .
𝐸𝐻 𝐸𝐿
10 14
= Substitute in the proportion.
15 𝑦
10𝑦 = 210 Cross-product property.
Answer:
𝒚 = 𝟐𝟏 Divide both sides by 10.

𝐴𝐸 10 𝟐 𝐸𝑁 14 𝟐 𝐴𝑁 12 𝟐
Since = = 𝟑, = 21 = 𝟑, and = 18 = 𝟑, we can say that ∆𝐸𝐿𝐻 ~ ∆𝐴𝑁𝐸
𝐸𝐻 15 𝐻𝐿 𝐸𝐿
through SSS Similarity Theorem. Remember that you should always get the simplest form of
the ratio of each corresponding sides of a triangle for you to determine that the corresponding
sides are proportional.

Similarity on Right Triangles

Right Triangle Similarity Theorem

Right Triangle Similarity Theorem

A If an altitude is drawn to the hypotenuse of a right triangle,

D C
then the new triangles formed are similar to the given triangle and
to each other.
If ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 ⊥ ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝐷 , then ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ~ ∆𝐷𝐴𝐶 ~ ∆𝐴𝐵𝐷, with right angle A.
B The symbol “ ⊥” read as “is perpendicular to”.

Altitude of a Triangle
It is a segment from a vertex to the line containing the
opposite side and perpendicular to the line containing that side.

Always remember that the opposite of a right angle is the

hypotenuse.

Geometric Mean
When means of a proportion are the same number, that number is called the geometric
mean of the extremes. The geometric mean between two number is the positive square root
of the product.

7
Altitude Rule
1. The altitude is the geometric mean between
the segments into which divides the
𝑥 ℎ
hypotenuse. = or ℎ = √𝑥𝑦
ℎ 𝑦
Leg Rule
2. Each leg of the right triangle is a geometric mean between the hypotenuse and the
segment of the hypotenuse adjacent to that leg.

Examples: Find the unknown lengths.

Solving for the length of altitude (h)
1. longer leg shorter leg
b a ℎ = √12(3) Get the geometric mean
h of the lengths of two
12 3 segments of hypotenuse.
ℎ = √36
hypotenuse 𝑨𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓: 𝒉 = 𝟔 Simplify √36

Solving for the length of longer leg (b) Solving for the length of shorter leg (a)
𝑏 = √12(15) Get the geometric mean of 𝑎 = √3(15) Get the geometric mean of
the segment of hypotenuse the segment of hypotenuse
adjacent to b (12) and the adjacent to a (3) and the
length of the whole length of the whole
hypotenuse (15). hypotenuse (15).
𝑏 = √180 Multiply 12 and 15 𝑎 = √45 Multiply 3 and 15
Answer: Answer:
𝒃 = 𝟔√𝟓 Simplify √180 = √36(5) 𝑎 = 𝟑√𝟓 Simplify √45 = √9(5)

2.

To solve for the longer segment

of hypotenuse (c)
3 6
= 3+𝑐 First use the proportion
6
3(3 + 𝑐) = 6(6) Apply cross-multiplication.
9 + 3𝑐 = 36 Distributive property on
3(3 + 𝑐)
3𝑐 = 27 9 − 9 + 3𝑐 = 36 − 9, SPE
Answer:
c=9 Divide both sides of
equation by 3.

8
 To solve for the length of altitude (a) Solving for the length of longer leg (b)
𝑎 = √9(3) Get the geometric mean of 𝑏 = √9(12) Get the geometric mean of
the lengths of two the segment of hypotenuse
segments of hypotenuse. adjacent to b (c = 9) and the
Use c = 9. length of the whole
𝑎 = √27 hypotenuse (12) .
Answer: 𝑏 = √108 Multiply 12 and 9
𝒂 = 𝟑√𝟑 Simplify √27 Answer:
𝒃 = 𝟔√𝟑 Simplify √108 = √36(3)

Reminders:
1. Always follow the steps in solving the unknown
segments of similar right triangles.
2. If possible, always simplify the radical expression in
the final answer.

Special Right Triangle Theorems

𝟑𝟎° − 𝟔𝟎° − 𝟗𝟎° Triangle Theorem

In a 30° − 60° − 90° triangle, the length of the hypotenuse is twice as long as the
shorter leg, and the length of the longer leg is √3 times as long as the shorter leg.

shorter leg x 60O hypotenuse = 2(shorter leg)

ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
2x hypotenuse shorter leg =
2
longer leg = (shorter leg) (√3)
O 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑒𝑔
30 shorter leg =
√𝟑
longer leg 𝒙√𝟑

Examples: Find the unknown lengths.

1. Given: shorter leg = 8

Solve for the lengths of hypotenuse and the longer leg.
x y Hypotenuse (y) = 2 (8) Multiply the given length of
shorter leg by 2
Answer: y = 16
60O longer leg (x) = 8(√3) Multiply the given length of
8 shorter leg by √3
Answer: x = 𝟖√𝟑

9
2.
Given: hypotenuse = 6 m
y 6m Solve for the lengths of the shorter leg and the longer leg.
6
shorter leg (x) = Divide the given length of
2
O
60 hypotenuse by 2 to get the
x shorter leg.
Answer: x = 3
longer leg (y) = 3(√3) Multiply the computed length of
shorter leg by √3
Answer: y = 𝟑√𝟑

𝟒𝟓° − 𝟒𝟓° − 𝟗𝟎° Triangle Theorem

In a 45° − 45° − 90° triangle (isosceles right triangle), the length of the hypotenuse is
√2 times the length of a leg.

hypotenuse = (leg)(√𝟐 )
ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒
leg x 𝒙√𝟐 hypotenuse leg =
√𝟐

leg x
Examples: Find the unknown lengths of the following isosceles right triangles.

1.
Given: leg = 8√2
45O Find the length of hypotenuse.
8√2 x Solution:
Hypotenuse (x) = (8√2)(√2 ) Multiply given by √2
45O = 8 (2) (√2 )(√2 ) = √4 = 𝟐
8√2 Answer: x = 16

Given: The diagonal of a square is 20 cm.

2.
Find the length of each side.
Solution: The diagonal of the square divides the square into two
d = 20 cm
isosceles right triangles. The diagonal of the square is the
hypotenuse of two isosceles right triangle.
𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙
side =
√𝟐
20
= Substitute the given to the formula
√2
20 √2
= ( ) Rationalize the denominator.
√2 √2
20√2
=
2
Answer: side = 𝟏𝟎√𝟐cm. Simplify the radical expression.

10
 Pythagorean Theorem

Pythagorean Theorem
The sum of the squares of the legs of any right triangle is
equal to the square of the hypotenuse (the side opposite the right
angle).

Given: Right ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 with legs a and b, and C

hypotenuse length c.
Prove: c2 = a2 + b2 a b

A x y B
P
c

Statements Reasons
1. Draw altitude ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝑃 to the hypotenuse. 1. Definition of an altitude
𝑥 𝑎 𝑦 𝑏 2. Leg rule in the similarity of a right
2. = ; =
𝑎 𝑐 𝑏 𝑐 triangle theorem
3. cx = a ; cy = b2
2
3. Cross-product property of proportion
4. cx + cy = a2 + b2 4. Addition property of equality
5. c(x + y) = a2 + b2 5. Distributive property of multiplication
over addition.
6. c = x + y 6. Segment Addition Postulate
If point P is between points A and B,
then AB = AP + PB
7. c2 = a2 + b2 7. Substitution to statements 5 and 6.

Examples: Find the unknown parts of the following right triangles.

To solve for the hypotenuse (c),
1.
c2 = a2 + b2 Use Pythagorean theorem
2 2 2
c = 9 + 12 Replace a with 12 and b with 9.
2
c = 81 + 144 Evaluate 92 and 122.
12 c 2
c = 225 Add 81 and 144.
√𝑐 2 = √225 Square root property
Answer: c = 15 Evaluate √225.
9 The equation has two solutions, 15 and -15.
Since there is no negative length, -15 is disregarded.
Therefore, the hypotenuse is 15 units long.

11
 We can modify the formula of Pythagorean Theorem, c2 = a2 + b2
to find for the missing lengths of shorter leg (a) or longer leg (b) of a given
right triangle.
To get the length of shorter leg (a), you will use a2 = c2 – b2.
To find the length of the longer leg (b), use b2 = c2 – a2.

2. To solve for the longer leg (b), use the

8m 24 m formula b2 = c2 – a2 .
b2 = 242 – 82 Replace c with 24 and a with 8
b = 576 – 64 Evaluate 242 and 82.
2

bm 𝑏 2 = 512 576 - 64 = 512

√𝑏 2 = √512 Square root property
Answer:
b = 𝟏𝟔√𝟐 m. Simplify √512 = √256(2)
To solve for the shorter leg (a), use the
3. formula a2 = c2 – b2
24cm a cm a2 = 252 – 242 Replace c with 25 and b with 24
a2 = 625 – 576 Evaluate 252 and 242.
𝑎2 = 49 625 - 576 = 49
25cm √𝑎2 = √49 Square root property
Answer:
a = 𝟕 cm. Simplify √49 = 7

Converse of Pythagorean Theorem

If the sides of a triangle have lengths a, b and c units such that
a + b = c2, then the triangle is a right triangle.
2 2

If you reverse the parts of the Pythagorean Theorem, you have formed its
converse. The converse of Pythagorean Theorem is also true.

Examples: Determine whether each triangle with sides of given lengths is a right triangle.
1. 5 km, 12 km, 13 km 2. 4 m, 7 m, 5 m

Always take note that the shortest given measurement is the shorter leg (a), the
longest given measurement is the hypotenuse (c), and the remaining given measurement will
become the longer leg (b).

Solution for item 1 Solution for item 2

a2 + b2 = c2 Pythagorean Theorem a2 + b2 = c2 Pythagorean Theorem
2 2
5 + 12 = 13 2
a = 5, b = 12, c =13 42 + 52 = 72 a = 4, b = 5, c =7
25 + 144 = 169 Evaluate 52, 122 and 132 16 + 25 = 49 Evaluate 42, 52 and 72
169 = 169 𝟒𝟏 ≠ 𝟒𝟗
Answer: Answer:
Therefore, the triangle that measures Therefore, the triangle that measures
5 km, 12 km, and 13 km is a RIGHT triangle. 4 m, 7 m, 5 m is NOT a right triangle.

12
 What’s More

Independent Activity 1
Directions: Identify the following theorems. Choose your answer inside the box. Write
your answer on the separate sheet of paper.

Pythagorean Theorem Right Triangle Similarity Theorem

Converse of Pythagorean Theorem 30° − 60° − 90° Triangle Theorem
45° − 45° − 90° Triangle Theorem

_________ 1. The length of the hypotenuse is √2 times the length of a leg.

__________ 2. If an altitude is drawn to the hypotenuse of a right triangle, then the new
triangles formed are similar to the given triangle and to each other.
__________ 3. If the sides of a triangle have lengths a, b and c units such that a 2 + b2 = c2,
then the triangle is a right triangle.
__________ 4. In a right triangle, the square of the length of the hypotenuse is equal to the
sum of the squares of the lengths of the sides.
__________ 5. The length of the hypotenuse is twice as long as the shorter leg, and the length
of the longer leg is √3 times as long as the shorter leg.

Independent Assessment 1
Directions: Solve the following using the Pythagorean Theorem. Write your solutions on the
separate sheet of paper.

1. What is the slant height of 2. How deep is the water?

the party hat?

60 cm
c

17ft. b

11 m 8ft.

3. What is the height of 4. How high is the 5. What is the length

the tent? ramp? of the envelope?

b
25 m
a 12 cm.
b 5 ft.
24 m
3 ft.

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Independent Activity 2
Directions: Determine whether the given lengths can be the sides of a right triangle. Show
your solutions on the separate sheet of paper.

1. 24 cm, 143 cm, and 145 cm

2. 30 m, 122 m, and 125 m
3. 5 in., 10 in., and 12 in.
4. 9 m, 40 m, and 41 m.
5. 28 mm, 195 mm, and 197mm

Independent Assessment 2
Directions: Solve for the unknown measurement of similar triangles. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. AF = _____ 4. x = ____; RC = ______

A OC = ______
𝐴𝐸 𝐴𝐹
Hint: =
𝐴𝐶 𝐴𝐵
8 X 8 𝑥 I O
=
8+4 𝑥+5 C
E F 6 12
4 5
C B R N
𝑅𝐼 𝑅𝐶
Hint: =
𝑁𝑂 𝑂𝐶
6 3𝑥+4
=
12 𝑥+18

2. QS = _____
Q
𝑅𝑆 𝑄𝑆
Hint: =
x 𝑃𝑇 𝑄𝑇 5. VS = _______
12 𝑥
R 12 S 20 =
16 20
Q

P 16 T 5 R

3. VE = ____ 3
𝑚∠𝐼𝑉𝑂 = ____ V T 12 S
V x
y x 𝑉𝐸 𝐼𝐿
Hints: =
𝐸𝑂 𝐿𝑂 𝑅𝑇 𝑄𝑉
E 𝑦 6 Hint: =
= 𝑆𝑇 𝑉𝑆
8 8 10 3 5
𝑚∠𝐼𝑉𝑂 = 180 − (43 + 38) =
43O 142O 38O 12 𝑥

14
Independent Activity 3
Directions: Solve for the values of x, y and z in each figure. Write the answer on your answer
sheet.

1. 8 32 2. 3. x

z x y z y x y 4

6 4 z 9

x = ________ x = ________ x = ________

y = ________ y = ________ y = ________
z = ________ z = ________ z = ________

4. 12 5.
Hint: Solve for y first z x
x y 12 = √𝑦(𝑦 + 18) y
21 4
z 18 x = _______ x = _________
y = _______ y = _________
z = _______ z = _________

Independent Assessment 3
Directions: Find the missing lengths of the given figures. Write the answer on your
answer sheet.

1. 12 2. 3.

x y x y x y
45O
45O 18 60O
8
x = ____ x = _____ x = ____
y = ____ y = _____ y = ____

4. 5.

y x x y

30O
14 26
x = ____ x = _____
y = ____ y = _____

15
 What I Have Learned

Directions: Explain the following theorems.

1. Pythagorean Theorem
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
2. Converse of Pythagorean Theorem
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. Right Triangle Similarity Theorem
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
4. 30O-60O-90O Triangle Theorem
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
5. 45O-45O-90O Triangle Theorem
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do

Directions: Read, analyze, and solve this problem completely on your answer sheet.

A 4-meter flagpole is placed in the center of a square area. To stabilize the pole, a wire
will stretch from the top of the pole to each corner of the square. The flagpole is 2 meters
away from each corner of the square. What is the length of each wire? Round off your answers
up to two decimal places.

16
 Assessment

Directions: Read each question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer and write
it on your answer sheet.

1. Two angles of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 have measures, 40 and 15, while two angles of ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹 have
measures 120 and 45. Are the triangles similar? By what similarity theorem?
a. Yes, by AA Similarity Theorem c. Yes, by SSS Similarity Theorem
b. Yes, by SAS Similarity Theorem d. No, they are not similar
O
2. One angle of ∆𝐴𝑌𝑀 measures 50 and the sides that include this angle measures 7cm
each. Another triangle, ∆𝐽𝑅𝐹 has an angle that measures 50O and the sides that
include this angle measures 14cm. Are the triangles similar?
a. Yes, by AA Similarity Theorem c. Yes, by SSS Similarity Theorem
b. Yes, by SAS Similarity Theorem d. No, they are not similar
3. Three sides of ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹 have measurements of 4cm, 6cm, and 8cm while ∆𝑇𝑈𝑉 have
sides measurement of 10 cm, 15cm and 20cm respectively. Are the triangles similar?
By what similarity theorem?
a. Yes, by AA Similarity Theorem c. Yes, by SSS Similarity Theorem
b. Yes, by SAS Similarity Theorem d. No, they are not similar
4. What is the longest side of a right triangle?
a. longer leg b. hypotenuse c. altitude d. shorter leg
5. In a right triangle ∆𝑋𝑌𝑍, the shorter leg measures 18 m, while the longer leg measures
24 m. What is the length of the hypotenuse?
a. 28 m b. 31 m c. 15.87 m d. 30 m
6. In a right triangle ∆𝑅𝑉𝑁, a = 3/2 while b = 2, solve for the value of c.
a. 5/2 b. 7/2 c. 9/2 d. 3/2
7. How long is the altitude of this triangle?
a. 10√3 c. 20 h
b. 40 d. 30√3
40 10
8. Find the width of the rectangle.
a. 15 c. 14 50
b. 17 d. 13
9. Which of the following side lengths can be a right triangle? 48
a. 5,10,13 b. 11,12,16 c. 4,5,6 d. 6,8,10
10. Which of the following cannot be the sides of a right triangle?
a. 36, 48, 60 b. 20, 21, 29 c. 11, 60, 61 d. 5, 10, 12
For items 11-12, refer to the right triangle at the right.
11. What is the length of c ?
a. 10√3 c. 5√3 30o
b. 20 d. 20√3 a c
12. Determine the value of a?
a. 10√3 c. 5√3
b. 20 d. 20√3 10

17
 13. One of the legs in an isosceles right triangle measures 8cm. Find the measure of its
hypotenuse.
a. 8 cm. b. 8√2 cm. c. 8√3 cm. d. 16 cm.
For items 14 - 15, refer to the right triangle below and solve for the unknown sides.

16 25 14. Find the value of x.

z x y a. 17 b. 18 c. 19 d. 20
15. Solve for the value of y.
a. 2√41 b. 3√41 c. 4√41 d. 5√41

Additional Activities

At this difficult time, every person must have an ability to overcome problems or to
come up with a suitable solution. What is this positive attitude that we should all possess?

Directions: To know the positive attitude that we should posses, solve the following unknown
lengths of the given triangles. Then write the letter that represents the unknown
on the space provided that corresponds to your answer.

1. 4.

l u1 o
c 24

60o 15 5
s

2. 5.

45O
e1 5√2 5 e2

r1

3.

f u2 r2 1.25 4.25

9 6 7.25

18
 19
What I What’s New
Know A. B.
1. B What’s In 1. a-b-c = ½ 1. Measurement may vary
2. A A. 1. SSS 2. Answers may vary depends on actual paper
3. C 2. SAS size.
4. A 3. AA 3. 𝑚∠𝐴 = 45° 2. Ratio = 1/3
5. D B. 𝑚∠𝐵 = 105° 3. Yes
6. C 1. SAS 𝑚∠𝐶 = 30°
7. A 2. AA 𝑚∠𝐷 = 45° C.
8. A 3. AA 𝑚∠𝐸 = 105° 1-2, three. three, similar
9. D 4. SSS 𝑚∠𝐹 = 30° 3. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ~ ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹
10. A 5. SAS Corresponding angles of two
11. B triangles are congruent
12. D
13. C
14. D Independent Independent Activity 1
15. B Assessment 2 1. 45O-45O-90O Triangle theorem
1. ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐹 = 10 2. Right Triangle Similarity Theorem
2. ̅̅̅̅
𝑄𝑆 = 15 3. Converse of Pythagorean Theorem
3. ̅̅̅̅
𝑉𝐸 = 4. 8 4. Pythagorean Theorem
Assessment 5. 30O-60O-90O Triangle theorem
∠IVO = 99O
1. A Independent Assessment 1
4. X = 2
2. B ̅̅̅̅ = 10 1. c = 61 cm
𝑅𝐶
3. C ̅̅̅̅ 2. b = 15 ft
𝑂𝐶 = 20
4. B 3. b = 4 ft
5. ̅̅̅̅ = 20
𝑉𝑆
5. D 4. a = 7m
6. A 5. b =35 cm
7. C What can I do Independent Activity 2
8. C 1. It can be a right triangle.
9. D 2. It cannot be a right triangle.
C = 2√5 meters
10. D 3. It cannot be a right triangle.
11. B 4. It can be a right triangle.
12. A 5. It can be a right triangle.
13. B
14. D
15. D
Additional Activities Independent Activity 3
RESOURCEFUL 1. x = 16; z = 8√5; y = 16√5
2. y = 2√6; x = 2√10; z = 2√15
3. x = 6 ; y = 2√5 ; z = 3√5
4. x = 6√3; y = 6; z = 12√3
5. x = 10; y = 2√21; z = 5√21
What I Have Learned Independent Assessment 3
1. Answers may vary.
1. x = 12 ; y = 12√2
2. Answers may vary.
3. Answers may vary. 2. x = 9√2 ; y = 9√2
4. Answers may vary. 3. x = 8√3 ; y = 16
5. Answers may vary. 4. x = 7 ; y = 7√3
5. x = 26 ; y = = 26√2
Answer Key
 References

A. Books

Jose-Dilao, Soledad and Bernabe, Julieta G. Geometry Textbook for Third Year. Gregorio
Araneta Avenue, Quezon City, Philippines. (2009).
Nivera, Gladys C. and Lapinid, Mary Rose C. Grade 9 Mathematics Patterns and
Practicalities. Victor G. Panizales. Antonio Arnaiz corner Chino Roces Avenues,
Makati City, Philippines. (2013).
Ogena, Ester B., Diaz, Rosemarievic V., Fortes, Erminda C., and Balagtas, Marilyn U.,
McGraw-Hill Our Math Grade 9. Manila, Philippines. (2013).
Oronce, Orlando A. and Mendoza, Marilyn O. e-Math 9. C.M. Recto Avenue, Manila,
Philippines. (2014).
Federizo, Rona Lynne A. Math for Today’s Generation. Ricardo D. Dominguez. Project 8,
Quezon City, Philippines. (2015).
Magsombol, Abigail T., Magtagñob, Irish Mae G. and Lee Puetting, Beatrice O. Global
Mathematics 9. Mario Alvaro Limos. Panay Avenue, Quezon City, Philippines. (2015).

B. Electronic Sources

https://www.geogebra.org/classic/JHgTXKrt

https://www.yourdictionary.com/resourceful

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 For inquiries or feedback, please write:

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
Email Address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph

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