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  • 10 - The Skull

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    Tushar Jha
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    1) The skull consists of two main parts - the neurocranium which develops from cartilage under the brain, and the splanchnocranium which develops from branchial arches replaced by dermal bones. 2) The major bones of the skull - occipital, sphenoid, temporal, frontal, parietal - each have distinct anatomical features and relationships. 3) Important structures housed within the skull include the nasal and orbital cavities, paranasal sinuses, fossae, and craniometric landmarks.

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    1) The skull consists of two main parts - the neurocranium which develops from cartilage under the brain, and the splanchnocranium which develops from branchial arches replaced by dermal bones. 2) The major bones of the skull - occipital, sphenoid, temporal, frontal, parietal - each have distinct anatomical features and relationships. 3) Important structures housed within the skull include the nasal and orbital cavities, paranasal sinuses, fossae, and craniometric landmarks.

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    16 views72 pages

    10 - The Skull

    Uploaded by

    Tushar Jha
    1) The skull consists of two main parts - the neurocranium which develops from cartilage under the brain, and the splanchnocranium which develops from branchial arches replaced by dermal bones. 2) The major bones of the skull - occipital, sphenoid, temporal, frontal, parietal - each have distinct anatomical features and relationships. 3) Important structures housed within the skull include the nasal and orbital cavities, paranasal sinuses, fossae, and craniometric landmarks.

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    of 72

    Charles University in Prague - First Faculty of Medicine

    The skull
    Institute of Anatomy
    Author: Rastislav Druga
    Subject: General Medicine - Anatomy 1
    NEUROCRANIUM

    SPLANCHNOCRANIUM
    CRANIUM, THE SKULL
    • Most highly modified region in the axial skeleton

    • The neurocranium –developed from a series of


    cartilages ventral to the brain
    • From mesenchyme over the dome of the head

    • Splanchnocranium – branchial apparatus


    (cartilaginous elements) have been replaced by
    overlying dermal bones
    Norma lateralis
    Norma
    facialis

    Norma
    frontalis
    The interior of the
    cranium

    Norma
    basalis
    The anterior,
    middle and
    posterior
    cranial fossa
    OS OCCIPITALE

    Squamous, basilar and


    lateral part
    Internal aspect
    Occipital bone of a newborn child
    Posterior aspect
    Inferior aspect
    OS
    SPHENOIDALE
    Anterior
    aspect

    Superior
    aspect
    OS
    TEMPORALE

    Parts:
    Squamous
    Petromastoid
    Tympanic
    (styloid process)
    Petrous part of the temporal bone

    • Is wedged between the sphenoid and occipital bones


    • Has a base, an apex, four surfaces, three margins
    • The anterior surface (trigeminal impression, arcuate eminence)
    • The posterior surface (the internal acoustic meatus)
    • The inferior surface (the carotid canal, the jugular fossa)
    • The ventrobasal surface (medial wall of the tympanic cavity)
    Internal acoustic meatus - n. VII., n.VIII.)
    PYRAMIS,
    FACIES
    INFERIOR
    PYRAMIS : FACIES VENTROBASALIS

    Medial wall of the tympanic cavity


    Canalis n. facialis
    Tympanic
    cavity,
    posterior wall
    OS FRONTALE
    Inferior aspect
    Internal aspect
    Parietal
    bone
    Sulci of the middle meningeal
    artery
    FACIAL
    SKELETON
    The maxillae
    THE THE
    NASAL ORBITAL
    CAVITY CAVITY
    SINUS
    PARANASALES
    THE ORBIT
    FOSSA
    TEMPORALIS,
    INFRATEMPO
    RALIS
    FOSSA TEMPORALIS,
    INFRATEMPORALIS,
    PTERYGOPALATINA
    FOSSAE
    CRANII
    CRANIOMETRY

    Breath x 100/
    Š x 100/ d
    length do 75 dolicho-
    75 – 80 meso-
    80 a více brachy -
    Sexual differences
    References :

    • R. Čihák : Anatomie 1, Avicenum


    • M. Grim, R. Druga et al.: Základy anatomie. Galen 2001
    • Gray ´s Anatomy, Longman 1973
    • P. Kopf – Maier : Atlas of Human Anatomy, Karger, 1990

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