PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT
KNOWING ONESELF  encompasses all the behaviors evaluated in
ACTUAL SELF
 Is the one that you actually see.
 is built on self-knowledge.
SELF KNOWLEDGE
 derived from social interactions that
provide insight into how others react to
you.
IDEAL SELF
 Is the self that you aspire to be.
 the one that you hope will possess
characteristics similar to that of a mentor
or some other worldly figure.
 is how we want to be.
 an idealized image
IDEALIZED IMAGE
 what we have developed over time, based
on what we have learned and experienced.
NEGOTIATION
 exists between the two selves
 numerous exchanges between the ideal
and actual self.
SOCIAL ROLES
 are adjusted and re-adjusted and are
derived from outcomes of social
interactions from infant to adult
development.
ALIGNMENT
 If the actual self is aligned with the way
you want your ideal self to be, you will feel
sense of mental well-being or peace of
mind.
INCONGRUENCE
 lack of alignment which results in mental
distress or anxiety.
SELF-CONCEPT
 awareness of yourself.
 the construct that negotiates these two
selves – ideal & actual.
 connotes first the identification of the ideal
self as separate from others
the actual self that you engage in to reach
the ideal self.
SOCRATES
 ”Know thyself.”
PERSONAL EFFECTIVENESS
 Means making use of all the personal
resources-talents, skills, energy and time,
to enable you to achieve goals.
SELF KNOWLEDGE
 you manage yourself impacts directly on
your personal effectiveness.
EXPERIENCE
 Knowledge – required for setting goals,
defining an action to achieve them and risk
assessment.
 Skills- determines whether real actions are
performed in accordance with the plan.
THINGS TO CONSIDER TO IMPROVE SKILLSꓽ
1. Determination
2. Self-Confidence
3. Persistence
4. Managing Stress
5. Problem-Solving Skills
6. Creativity
7. Generating Ideas
BENEFITS OF SELF-KNOWLEDGE
1. Happiness- you will be happier when you
can express who you are.
2. Lesser Inner Conflict- actions are based on
what you really feel.
3. Better Decision Making- able to make
better choices about everything when you
truly know yourself.
4. Self-Control- resist bad habits and develop
good ones.
5. Resistance to Social Pressure- withstand
the social pressure to conform to the
majority.
6. Tolerance and Understanding of Others-
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awareness of your own foibles and
struggles can help you empathize with
others.
7. Vitality and Pleasure- being who you truly
are helps you feel more alive.
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UNIQUENESS
 Being the only one or sole.
 Distinct characteristics
 Unusual in some special way
 Unlike anything else in comparison
10 THINGS THAT MAKES A PERSON UNIQUE
1. Personality- stretches from the day a
person started to see and experienced life
in the world.
2. Attitude- becomes the anchor of becoming
either positive or negative in life.
3. Experiences- shapes you on how you act
and behave.
4. Habits- normally we do in everyday of our
lives
5. Creativity- such as dancing, painting,
singing, producing useful things out of
scrap materials, defining beauty in a
different way and perspective
6. Perspective- your experience is not the
same with others, your body of knowledge
is not the same as with you.
7. Taste- different likes and dislikes from
other people.
8. Goals- set in different manners depending
on how you create steps and procedures in
achieving those.
9. Hobbies- improves your personal growth
and mental health
10. Passion- provides direction toward a goal
or experience
DIVERSITY
 One term that is parallel of being unique.
 Means more than just acknowledging
and/or tolerating difference (JPantaleo,
2020)
UNDERSTANDING
 Is when we know ourselves and our ability
to understand the feelings of others, and
vice versa.
TOLERANCE
 Is associated with willingness to accept
behavior and beliefs that are different from
your own.
ACCEPTANCE
 The process of assenting or recognizing a
process or condition without attempting to
change, protest or exit (Fish, Jefferson M.
2014).
THOUGHTS, FEELINGS, AND ACTIONS
 The things we can control
 It is important to learn to self-evaluate their
own thoughts, feelings and actions.
COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY (CBT)
 It’s based on the idea that our thoughts,
feelings, and behaviors are all connected
and influence one another.
 is a type of psychotherapeutic treatment
that helps people learn how to identify and
change destructive or disturbing thought
patterns that have a negative influence on
behavior and emotions.
 focuses on changing the automatic
negative thoughts that can contribute to
and worsen emotional difficulties,
depression, and anxiety.
ASPCETS OF SELF
PURPOSE
 discuss the relationship among
physiological, cognitive, psychological,
spiritual, and social development to
understand his/her thoughts, feelings, and
behaviors.
SELF CONCEPT
 Represented by several aspects of self
 Collection of multiple context-dependent
selves.
VISUALIZE
 Body- physical and tangible aspects of self
 Mind- intellectual and conscious aspects of
self
 Soul- emotional and intuitive aspects of
self
PHYSIOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
 Noticeable physiological or behavioral
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changes triggered by physical growth
 Physical attributes including the five
senses.
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COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
 The intellectual functions of the mindꓽ
thinking, analyzing, projecting, synthesizing,
recalling and assessing
PSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
 How thinking, feeling, and behaving
interact and happen in a person
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
 The manner by which an individual
interacts with other individuals or groups
of individuals
SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT
 The attribute of a person’s consciousness
and beliefs, including the values and
virtues that guide and put meaning into a
person’s life.
HAVIGHURST’S DEVELOPMENTAL TASKS DURING
Hazel Angeles (2016)
 Claimed that man’s emotions shape his
personality.
 Emphasized that man needs to develop his
physical health through eating the right
food and exercise.
 Also emhpasized that man needs to
enhance spiritual relationship and
connection with the world around him
through prayers and meditations.
 Man has to cultivate his social relationship,
and psychologically portray certain image
of himself to others.
 Man needs to manage his professional life
and happiness because these two are
closely linked.
. DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
 Focuses on human growth and changes
across the lifespan.
DEVELOPMENTAL STAGES
1. Pre-natal (Conceptual to birth)- when
hereditary endowments and sex are fixed
and all body features, both external and
internal are developed.
2. Infancy (birth to 2 years)- foundation age
when basic behavior are organized and
many ontogentic maturation skills are
developed.
3. Early Childhood (2 to 6 years)- pre-gang
age, exploratory, ad questioning.
4. Late Childhood (6 to 12 years)- gang and
creativity age when self-help skills, social
skills, school skills, and play are developed.
5. Adolescence (puberty to 18 years)-
transition age from childhood to adulthood.
6. Early Adulthood (18 to 40 years)- age of
adjustment to new patterns of life and
roles such as spouse, parent, and bread
winner.
7. Middle Age (40 years to retirement)-
transition age when adjustments to initial
physical and mental decline are
experienced.
8. Old Age (retirement to death)- retirement
age when increasingly rapid physical and
mental decline are experienced.
THE LIFE SPAN
 Robert J. Havighurst’s main assertion is
that development is continuous
throughout the entire lifespan, occurring in
stages, where the individual moves from
one stage to next
 he proposed a bio psychosocial model of
development, wherein the developmental
tasks at each stage are influenced by the
individual’s biology (physiological
maturation and genetic makeup), his
psychology (personal values and goals), and
sociology (specific culture to which the
individual belongs).
ERICKSONS’S STAGES OF PSYCHOSOCIAL
1. Stage 1ꓽ Hope
Psychosocial crisis- Trust vs. Mistrust
 Infancy – 1 yr
 mother
 Basic needs are met
2. Stage 2ꓽ Will
Psychosocial crisis- Autonomy vs.
Shame/Doubt
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 Toddler age
 Both parents
 Potty training, clothing
3. Stage 3ꓽ Purpose
Psychosocial crisis- Initiative vs. Guilt
 Age 3-6
 Exploring, using tools, art
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4. Stage 4ꓽ Competence STRESSOR
Psychosocial crisis- Industry vs. Inferiority  Anything that induces a stress response.
 Age 6-12  May be physical, mental, emotional,
 School, sports psychological, economic, or even spiritual.
5. Stage 5ꓽ Fidelity THE POWER OF THE MIND
Psychosocial crisis- Identity vs. Role
Confusion
 Age 12-18
 Peers and role models
 Social relationships
6. Stage 6ꓽ Love
Psychosocial crisis- Intimacy vs. Isolation
 Ages 20-40
 Partners
 Romantic relationships
7. Stage 7ꓽ Care
Psychosocial crisis- Generativity vs.
Stagnation
 Age 45-65
 Household and work friends
 Parenthood and work
8. Stage 8ꓽ Wisdom SPLIT BRAIN THEORY
Psychosocial crisis- Integrity vs. Despair  Dr. Roger Sperry, who was awarded the
 Over 65 yrs 1981 Nobel Prize for Physiology or
 Mankind Medicine, explained that the brain has two
 Reflecting on life hemispheres that work differently from
each other.
PSYCHOSOCIAL CRISES  Left brain hemisphere- tasks that involve
 Joan Erikson published this stage after her analytical thinking, critical thinking, and
husband’s death logical reasoning.
 Age 80’s and 90’s
 Older adults revisit the previous 8 stages

STRESS
 Is a physiological response to a physical or
psychological threat.
 A normal reaction to anything that can
disturb our balance, commonly termed as
homeostatic state or equilibrium; “fight or
flight” syndrome (Walter Cannon, 1939).
 Means strain, pressure or force on a
THE TRIUNE BRAIN THEORY
system.
 A neuroscientist, Dr. Paul Maclean,
 when you face situations where you feel
identified three distinct parts of the brain
the demands your resources to successfully
namelyꓽ
cope.
1. Neocortex or rational brain-
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 Can be considered either positive or

responsible for language, planning,
negative depending on one’s capacity to
abstraction, and perception.
handle stressors.
2. Limbic system or intermediate brain-
responsible for motivation and
STRESS RESPONSE
emotion in feeding, reproductive
 The collection of physiological changes that
behavior, and parental behavior.
occur when you face perceived threat.
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3. Reptilian complex or primitive brain-
controls self-preservation and survival
instincts.

BRAIN DOMINANCE THEORY

 Ned Herrmann, an engineer at General
Electric, came up with this theory
 Although the human body is symmetrical
and paired in almost all aspects, we
normally have a more dominant part of
our bodies.
 Herrmann is known as the Father of Brain
Dominance Technology.

HERRMANN’S FOUR DOMINANT QUADRANTS

1. Upper left (A) Cerebral mode
Key wordꓽ Analytical
SOME WAYS IN IMPROVING MENTAL HEALTH
2. Lower left (B) Limbic mode
1. Exercise
Key wordꓽ Organized
2. Get some sunlight
3. Lower right (C) Limbic mode
3. Build strong connection
Key wordꓽ Interpersonal
4. Meditate
4. Upper right (D) Cerebral mode
5. Sleep well
Key wordꓽ Imaginative
6. Eat well
7. Quit smoking
8. Think positive

BASIC ELEMENTS IN DEVELOPING A PLAN

1. Setting goals- serves as a guide or
”blueprint” towards your expected result.
2. Identify your needs- essential to what
aspect you are going to enhance.
3. Time frame- the expected time that you
are going to implement your actions.
4. Actions- the executions of your goal.
5. Resources- budget in doing the activity, the
persons involved, the materials you are
going to use, etc.
6. Assessment- test your work if the
goals/objectives are met.
7. Feedback- the comments/suggestions
towards your actions for better result.
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