Light

Detector Metal surface

Electrons

Ammeter

Vacuum chamber

Battery
Fig.2.9 Equipment for studying the
photoelectric
effect. Light of a particular frequency
a clean metal strikes
surface
chamber. Electrons are inside vacuumn
a

metal and are counted byejected from

a detector
thee
measures their kinetic that
energy.
 Phetaelectue ect
aada
Cathod
Eva
Nera
(a
Kiolbum
LcsiLwM).
w w hadtaudns
 Date 3.5.12
Pege: 3
.

eleubrenA Ae jeted Am te burlac

heta ulace e
elcbic e t
otle t a l . Tusphendmtnwi calld"phete
ekbhes.
T lachons Lmttee at called pho6
Mekl PotasiualRubidi Cesiuin
bseNatia
Telahes ected n metal Ataau oaAat
Atks a Aata
h e o, _phetsele.ctas eted ia pepohenal to he

Anlae as atuastE a non sasint Calesd Thzeileld

TLeaetd
uechars ase ected.
W.(3.6.12-))
5 .ellew liguk mu ttRd h a dium lap a s a
soawelengt 580malalate lagtua V) adL
A: 530 mm
5 8Q x 1o m
C (

S80 X10 mn 93-3

3-3

wowtumbe
 233

n 4, A-9
44A

.12
Be
lank s Quaniumi he
emitteo albsosbee net
ha adian enegy
LenluQusu but diAcAMLnsuSAlu in fu m
nall_dacaela Rackela onequ calleol Quanlt
caA unam AAA is Lallesl pheten

ohe ac guantum ia dicty phpeluonal

PlanckscenstakE
 Date:4.5.12
Page:F
Ta total nk o Q44 ttes ealesorbed bya

E nh m inkgea.
NEL2,3,- sta.

*Atouie spuba-
Tha Apechaa beadk, oided and dasd inb ho
JApt-

)Absoptien spLclha ,

ustem Apeca-

icg S ism Petoahanechte

wlutt

When hadiaten Rmltted

un caic diadhange, Asaling Ony ubstanuga i p

mpa,atnàpedl diectly ssugk 1 h psm au
Ahn neievtd o thu pLotognaplh plab e dpectu
Dokoiha a ladlad Lmissteia aprclaa.

Aptkha of Ao tpta
Lentitus 2aa
 Date: 4,5, 12

Page:
o wtgu Lpetha

Aun bul a het_4lnhg_

pA Apiis-in sve colonw
vb lak d

Thoae elours aa Cutous fhabLachiio La

uehgsiote ext. Hute tha Apecbum u called
LtiuA pechlum

Lougat Loavelengt wiatosl,

wilo the vtalt Letouh wilu slhMter

Lins peciu iema eslt

 Date: 4.5.12
Page: 10
Lne Specbum bwcutedl bs. elKnidiom
dichage u

S
PlLnGeghpitie
Whensemu velatilu aubsantlsalt),NaC_a plaud n
bunsln
gasat dew _paadua lielat _itted I Lelow o ta
t d dptnde of tho no e the substan.

Sedium Kalt uit yMas igtt i t potakiu.

elwedl in aiApecbAsCAp tu aunod

a t o Lovbinmusea Apechum aota but boma. Lalatd
Celeeye es niobta eue a phatesahi kake pexat
alem 0pechum lpchu

Sedu g horcldoo lies aloareune 5290n

and
S0164

apeca an hwaui olesvdotd aAthu penge

 Date:4,5.12
Page:jd
.C

#ocpton sptuna

NaCL 'uhon
SEE

5 6 2 dok, ins MContvapsu

alokapbASpLk

th elubion vopoua a
poued neua
hmical austonce nd he dnakysael by a
Apeclhsscape. ohaeaned tak At daik lie
a Atained n thu bnliibusAprclruwa

Daakinksg olue a t h e l à d ,fhat when

ttlAadialuona lsdetai waelun e

akssbed. odopensdingputhnoh aluent.

k Daseaucod aalr _olosk löes au ak a lau

pla weeedou
mdion Apecha
Hak waNthngth obsobad o wu ebsoiktd
tted in msni Apaotsas dprcbn blal
Collsd dspibispeka
 Dete: 5 5.12
Page: 8
Emuio Apedha o dhogn
dheo GQA at
ube and he la müd
paaing elbebie dschange s
Maminrd witw 4tchostopt.le specbuim Dhtaineda cala
mui pecihav yenegenw
inss wwew ou qrauped into
Lyman ARAies_
) Pas Ch s N J J

auktt sisol

Kdbog uula
R
n

e egcakew gits th talculatiea

awtumets
M, Rnstan

A
L a n 23,4,5.A

M: 2 he 1, 3,4,5,
 Date: 5, 5,12
Page: 82

DYa dhe des

Bsatkett auads
, 4 , a n n, S,6,1,
4
PnolA0des
S Ahtn , : 6,,2,.

* Bobas modole dagen an

baed lonn_patadai

h lucon n bu ydhegen am Can mav.

Gound tte muce in a ulanpat
These paths oeLallad aibi6
NadeusOnd MA
Sb ledAen în dl bit doa o charge
wih fam lau Lag obikac whon H
Awe skaliaarq dtate to
hig tate Afatiaan4atok

ksutnsAasliatien okso.ad o aikd iv

AE
AE

AEE-C
 Date:
5.5 12
Page 83

and E Lergiti o lewt nd kiglur allas e

E a

t h e s t ioiK pemttedl wuch tha angula

m&mlnkow thepluban
2T

n-1,2,
21T

M mas eloeMdi i :
Neleria o dechen
hadis
Hhngulan momiubun aluchem tn an otbm uGLailed.
9

Accoidin
Atatuonany ta eben am mmlotud nz12,3,4,
ThAe iktanal nbns M kuoun cA bunipal 4uantum

2
Aadi Co eejpnued a
n a ohese 252pm
Th naoliu4 o t st stateua tath callaa 130s
acdas 51pm: s ihe yolus o inaL aadlins
alAo ivMURARA
 Dato: 5.51 O
Page: 84

tnq4 oa stalaaany staià

Ep-RH
1
m-1,23,1 and iRH Aud g a canstat= 2.18x (o

-2-18x_o

-2-18 x D

-18

0545 I0

H Be d. AOGn
lo
218 x 10XZ

w =52, 1X

wheneatomt Zeakamiiumbe.
 ltted
mativ Voue n

o aplai t line Apeca ombelcko

Snaailit
aew
Aplitng a i mag
2Snabill Rnplan
and in litie l o l lsak elkr-
eld (Ztex1a elluuk)
wensieat
o abemn..
(3.) Snabili la plainth 3-Bmodel

b plai tu ept epa melaule

5)SnaLk nplain ths De le Broglie Concept

dua makua e mattea and Heiknaeng uhctainly
phinaipal
Dual bsavieu ol Matte
Ensten wogested hat t has duol natnei
wweMe dswel paatic nalune
D Baegt Anggeatd Hatuat ik Let attes alag
hoa _dal natui euhibir waNLaA wel! a bortik
nab &u he dssred tha alleunu ulaeuahip

Pausks cwtamb ip.2 ontuum

 Date:6.5.12/
Page 89

Dwatov Aiegielainske
in ca phetonh. Mmud, s a e waue
uhanacken R u g A.

al OCocc.ekytPmk' qponha
heory).

slaccotdiy tein Conapt)

FAem O and we qu A
M
2

Lum-

y
V 218 X12

46 24X1
L m
X'x 2 62ls
h '| X
mc

3
Continuous Spectrum

Emission Lines

Absorption Lines