Present Perfect

I teach English now.

I started teaching English in 2012.

I started teaching English in 2012

I teach English now.

I have taught English since 2012.

for ten years.
Present perfect
Past Present

2012 now
She started acting in 2008.

She is still an actress.

She started acting in 2008.

She is still an actress.

She has been an actress since 2008.

for fourteen years.
Present perfect

Past Present

2011 now
 Present Perfect

I have taught English since 2012.

She has been an actress for 12 years.

have
past participle
has
I have taught English since 2012.

He has been the president for 3 years.

I haven’t taught English since 2010.

He hasn’t been the president for 5 years.

Have you taught English since 2010?

Yes, he has.
Has he been the president for 3 years?
No, he hasn’t.
 How long (study/English)

How long have you studied English?

I have studied English for one year.

What (eat/today)

What have you eaten today?

I have eaten a slice of pizza and a hamburger.

 for and since
for
____________ 20 minutes since
____________ January

since
____________ Monday for
____________ a long time

for
____________ 6 months
since
____________ I left school.

for
____________ 3 years since
____________ 2005
 for and since

for Period of time, (duration of time)

since A specific date or time in the past

(point in time in the past)
Are the events completed or they continue
up to the present? What’s the difference?

I’ve met Linda, but I haven’t met her husband. Present

The speaker is talking about some unspecified time Perfect
before now.

I met Helen yesterday at the party. Her husband was Simple

there too, but I didn’t meet him.
Past
The speaker is thinking of a specific time.
 Present Perfect (Indefinite Time)

I’ve seen Shrek.

She has read all the Harry Potter books.

They have seen the movie before.

The Present Perfect is used to talk about past events when

there is no specific mention of time. We may not know when
the action happened or it may not be important.
Adverbs used with the
Present perfect tense
Do you want me to make the salad for supper
tonight?
I've already made it. It's on the table.
I have already spent my salary and it’s two
weeks before payday.

Already used with the present perfect means 'before

now'. We use it to emphasize that something
happened before something else or earlier than
expected
I have already made seen that film
and I don’t want to see it again.

Arriving at the bus station I found the bus

has already left.

Already is placed between the auxiliary verb

(have or has) and the participle form of the verb.
I haven’t seen Asu Mare yet.

I haven’t done my homework yet.

We use yet to say that something we expected

didn’t happen.

Have the test results arrived yet?

We use yet to ask if something expected happened

Yet is placed at the end of negative sentences and

questions.
Have you ever been to Cusco?

Yes, I have. I was there two years ago.

No, I haven’t

Have you ever met a famous person?

Ever means at any time (up to now) and it is used

in questions. (=in your life)
I have never visited Berlin.

I have never cheated in an exam.

We use never in affirmative sentence, but the

meaning is negative. It is used to talk about things
you have not done at any time in your life.