Name: Justin Anonuevo Date: 2022 – 10 – 20

“Cavite Mutiny”
Part 1
1.) What is the Cavite Mutiny?
- The Cavite Mutiny is an event in Philippine history where two hundred
Filipino troops and workers staged a brief mutiny at the Cavite arsenal,
which served as an excuse for Spanish persecution of the emerging
Philippine independence movement. It is the key figures in the decisive
1898 revolution.

2.) What are the general events that led to the martyrdom of the
GomBurZa?
- First, A Spanish court martial found three secular priests, Jose
Burgos, Mariano Gomez, and Jacinto Zamora, guilty of treason as the
instigators of a mutiny in the Cavite navy-yard a month before and
sentenced them to death late on the 15th of February 1872. Trinidad
Ermenegildo Pardo de Tavera, a Filipino academic and
researcher. According to him, the episode was only a mutiny by the
Cavite arsenal's native Filipino soldiers and employees, who were upset
with the removal of their privileges.
- Second, The central government failed to investigate what occurred,
instead relying on reports from Izquierdo and the friars, as well as
public opinion. Fourth, the friars' happy days were numbered in 1872
when the Spanish Central Government chose to strip them of their
ability to intervene in government issues as well as the supervision.
- Third, Filipino clergy members actively joined in the secularization
campaign to let Filipino priests to take over parishes throughout the
country, exposing them to the friars' wrath; Sixth, Filipinos were active
participants at the time, reacting to what they saw as injustices; and
finally, the execution of GOMBURZA was a failure on the side of the
Spanish government, as it ended Filipino resentment and emboldened
Filipino patriots to demand reforms and eventual independence.

Part 2
1.) Who was Fernando La Madrid?
- A mestizo sergeant who led the revolt after Spanish authorities
imposed personal taxes on his colleagues in the Engineering and
Artillery Corps, which they had previously been free from.

2.) Who was Trinidad H. Pardo de Tavera?

- He is a Spanish and Portuguese-born Filipino physician, historian, and
politician. Trinidad, also known as T. H. Pardo de Tavera, was a writer
who focused on various facets of Philippine culture.

3.) Who was Jose Montero y Vidal?

- Governor-General Rafael Izquidero y Gutierrez, the governor-general
of the Philippine Islands during the Mutiny, supported his story.

4.) Who was Carlos Maria de la Torre y Navacerrada?

- During the 1872 Cavite mutiny, he served as Governor-General, and
forty-one mutineers, including the Gomburza martyrs, were executed.
5.) Who was Rafael Geronimo Cayetano Izquierdo y Gutierrez?
- Ferdinand La Madrid was a mestizo sergeant who led the mutiny after
Spanish authorities subjected his co-soldiers at the Engineering and
Artillery Corps to personal taxes from which they had previously been
exempted. The taxes obliged them to pay a monetary sum and to do
the "polo y servicio" or forced labor!

6.) Who was Fr. Mariano Gomez?

- Trinidad Hermenegildo José María Juan Francisco Pardo de Tavera y
Gorricho was a Filipino physician, historian, and politician of Spanish
and Portuguese descent.

7.) Who was Fr. Jose Burgos?

- One of the greatest experts of the last third of the nineteenth century,
José Montero y Vidal wrote essays and books about the history,
geography, and ethnography of the Philippines. There was a reason he
was a correspondent member of the Royal Academy of History. At the
General Exhibition in 1887, several of his works were deemed useful to
the army and given awards.

8.) Who was Fr. Jacinto Zamora?

- He was a Carlist army commander sent from Spain by Francisco
Serrano after the overthrow of Queen Isabel II in the La Gloriosa
revolt. He was regarded as a liberal Spaniard who upheld liberal and
democratic principles in enacting liberal legislation. He desired that the
bronze statue of Isabel II, first unveiled in 1860, be melted and
repurposed. The Manila City Council, however, rescued it by
proclaiming the monument to be municipal property.
His supporters marched in front of the Malacañang Palace in a Liberal
Parade. Burgos and Joaquin Pardo de Tavera staged a rally in the Plaza
de Santa Potenciana just two weeks after de la Torre was appointed
governor-general. José Icaza, Jácobo Zobel, Ignacio Rocha, Manuel
Genato, and Máximo Paterno were among the protestors. «Viva
Filipinas por los Filipinos! » was the rallying cry. De la Torre was not
married, but he did have a mistress who had considerable influence
over him. Maria del Rosario Gil de Montes de Sánchez, his
mistress, sparked friar resistance for a variety of reasons. Among the
reasons was the fact that she wrote a novel named El Hombre de
Dios. It was condemned for being written by a woman. Another
instance occurs at a celebration at Malacañang Palace that was mostly
attended by Filipino creoles, who are now officially referred to as
Filipinos.

9.) Who was Francisco Zaldua?

- Francisco Javier Martinez de Zaldua y Racines was a lawyer and
politician from Colombia who was elected President of the country in
1882. Colombian president, Francisco Javier Zaldua, a famous legal
professor and active member of the Liberal Party, was born in Bogotá.

Part 3
1.) What evidence did the Filipino side submit to the Court?
- The 12th of June of each year since 1898 could be a vital event for all
the Filipinos. During this specific day, the whole Filipino nation yet as
Filipino communities everywhere the globe gathers to celebrate the
Philippines’ legal holiday, 1898 came to be a awfully vital year for all of
us it's as equally necessary as 1896 the year once the Philippine
Revolution poor out attributable to the Filipinos’ want to be free from
the abuses of the Spanish colonial regime.

2.) What were the pieces of evidence presented by the prosecution

(Spanish friars)?
- The Spanish prosecutors bribed a witness to testify against the three
priests who were charged with sedition and treason, which led to their
death by garrote. They were executed by the garrote on the 17th of
February 1872 in Bagumbayan on the charges of subversion.

3.) How did the Governor-General interpret the event?

- The 1872 Cavite Mutiny was precipitated by the removal of long-
standing personal benefits to the workers such as tax (tribute) and
forced labor exemptions on order from the Governor General Rafael de
Izquierdo.

Part 4
1.) What happened after the event?
- The mutiny was used by the Spanish colonial government and Spanish
friars to implicate three Filipino priests, Mariano Gómez, José Burgos,
and Jacinto Zamora, collectively known as Gomburza, who were
executed on the Luneta on 28 Feb. These executions, particularly those
of the Gomburza, were to have a significant effect on people because of
the shadowy nature of the trials.
2.) How did Rizal use this event in writing his novel?
-The assumption is that, before this date, the people did not feel they
were one nation, and any sign of protest the foreign presence that was
Spain was a localized act of rebellion to which the rest of the country
did not relate.