Republic of the Philippines

Laguna State Polytechnic University

ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Province of Laguna
Level I Institutionally Accredited

LSPU Self-Paced Learning Module (SLM)

Course Urban Geography
Sem/AY First Semester/2021-2022
Module No. 1
Lesson Title Urban geography: from global to local
Week
2
Duration
Date October 11, 2021
Description Urbanisation on global to local perspective
of the
Lesson

Learning Outcomes
Intended At the end of the module 1 the student will be able to:
Learning ● State the meaning of Urban Geography
Outcomes
Targets/ At the end of the lesson the students are able to:
Objectives ● Identify the global trigger factors
● Differentiate the Globalisation and Glocalisation
● Appreciate the process of urban change

Student Learning Strategies

Online Activities For online class we use the meet

The students will attend in the class through google meet to discuss the meaning,
(Synchronous/ conception and evolution of social science it will start at 8:00-10:00 on October 11,
Asynchronous) 2021.

Guide Questions:
1. What is urban Geography?
2. What are the differences of Globalisation and Glocalisation?
3. Why urbanization important in our society?

Offline Activities Topic

(e-Learning/Self- Urban geography: from global to local
Paced)

Geography 3-Urban Geography

 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Province of Laguna
Level I Institutionally Accredited
A. Global trigger factors- Mutually beneficial relationship between capital and labour
mediated by government.

Global Trigger Factors for Urbanization are:

Economic change- is a shift in the structure of an economic system. This results

in changes to societies, cultures and everyday life on a global or national basis.

Demographic change- describes a population's age structure adjusting to changes in

living conditions. Consequently, changes in the composition of a society's age structure
are the result of social shifts.

Social change- refers to any significant alteration over time in behavior patterns and
cultural values and norms. By “significant” alteration, sociologists
mean changes yielding profound social consequences.

-Technological change-  is an increase in the efficiency of a product or process that

results in an increase in output, without an increase in input.

Cultural change- is a term used in public policy making that emphasizes the influence
of cultural capital on individual and community behavior. It has been sometimes called
repositioning of culture, which means the reconstruction of the cultural concept of a
society.

Political change- occurs when the rulers in a country lose power or the type of
governance in the country changes. Governance is the type of system used to rule a
country. Examples of types of governance would be democracy and monarchy.

Environmental change- is a change or disturbance of the environment most often

caused by human influences and natural ecological processes. 

This triggers leads to the processes called Reurbanization, Exurbanization,

Suburbazation, Urbanization, Counterurbanization, Exourbanization and
Peripheralurbanization.

B. Globalization- is the word used to describe the growing interdependence of the

world’s economies, cultures, and populations, brought about by cross-border trade in
goods and services, technology, and flows of investment, people, and information.
- Economy- is an area of the production, distribution and trade, as well as consumption
of goods and services by different agents.

- Culture- the customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular

nation, people, or other social group.

- People/Populations- s the entire pool from which a statistical sample is drawn.

A population may refer to an entire group of people, objects, events, hospital visits, or
measurements. A population can thus be said to be an aggregate observation of
subjects grouped together by a common feature.

Geography 3-Urban Geography

 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Province of Laguna
Level I Institutionally Accredited

- Technology- the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially

in industry.

C. Glocalization- (a portmanteau of globalization and localization) is the

"simultaneous occurrence of both universalizing and particularizing tendencies in
contemporary social, political, and economic systems.

Glocalization in:

-
Education- Glocalization of education has been proposed in the specific areas
of politics, economics, culture, teaching, information, organization, morality,
spirituality, religion and "temporal" literacy
- Media- talks about how the Internet encourages glocalization, such as
encouraging people to make websites in their native languages.
- Challenges- Glocalization works best for companies which have decentralized
authority. The cost to the companies increases as they cannot standardise
products and projects, different cultures have different needs and wants which
is highlighted in this challenge. 
- Television- Besides the usage of Internet, television and commercials have
become useful strategies that global companies have used to help localize their
products. 
- Community Organization- Glocalization, or glocalism, in community
organization refers to community organizing that sees social problems as
neither local or global, but interdependent and interconnected
(glocal), necessitating organizing practices that concurrently address local
problems and global issues.
D. Local and historical contingency- and determinism are often cast as opposing
paradigms under which evolutionary diversification operates. 

Historical contingency' we mean chance-influenced event with substantial long-term

effects, i.e. events that clearly take history down a different path than it otherwise
would have followed. Contingency is what makes historical outcomes unpredictable.
Unlike many other natural phenomena, evolution is a historical process
Environmental Contigency The production of an organized, programmatic and
coordinated course of action to be followed in the case of some accident, disaster or
occurrence threatening an ecosystem and the human health or natural resources
within it.

E. Processes of urban change

The principal phases of an urban planning process are:
1. Preparatory / exploration phase- Working group on energy supply for urban
development areas
2. Feasibility / planning phase- The urban planning process is related to some
contracts: between the city and the urban developer for the urban project and
between the urban developer and a property developer for each building plot.
3. Formal planning / zoning phase- Each urban project has to combine specific

Geography 3-Urban Geography

 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Province of Laguna
Level I Institutionally Accredited
political commitments and specific environmental situation. In some cases,
energy is a key item regarding the contest
4. Design and implementation phase- The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
for urban development projects covers all environmental topics. Energy relevant
topics are emissions, mobility, land use and energy concept.
5. Operational phase- The Stockholm Royal Seaport (SRS) model for monitoring (so
called ”the Sustainability portal”) is a web based database used for performance
reporting and monitoring with regard to the sustainability requirements in the
development agreements

F. Urban outcomes
urban growth- can lead to greater poverty, with local governments unable to
provide services for all people.
Urban development- can magnify the risk of environmental hazards such as flash
flooding.
Urban problems- stem directly from the fact that cities involve large numbers of
people living in a relatively small amount of space.

Activity 1. Define briefly the following term on your words.

1. Global trigger__________________________________________________________________.
2. Globalization___________________________________________________________________.
3. Glocalization___________________________________________________________________.
4. Urban growth__________________________________________________________________.
5. Urban development___________________________________________________________.

Activity 2. Search for some locality within CALABARZON and identify what phase
of urban change they are now. Proof your answer

Phases of Urban Change Evidence

Exploration Phase

Planning Phase

Zoning Phase

Design And Implementation Phase

Operational phase

Performance Tasks

Geography 3-Urban Geography

 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Province of Laguna
Level I Institutionally Accredited

PT 1 Self Survey answer the following by putting a check and personal opinion.
Factor of Urbanisation Yes Why yes? No Why No
The locality had an Economic
change.

The locality had a Demographic

change.

The locality had a Social change.

The locality had a Cultural change.

The locality had a Political change.

The locality had an Environmental

change.

Understanding Directed Assess

Rubric

Criterion Possible Points Actual Points

Content 15

Description/Justification 25

Presentation 10

TOTAL 50

Learning Resources

Geography 3-Urban Geography

 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Province of Laguna
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Andrew E. G. Jonas, Eugene McCann, and Mary Thomas (2015), Urban Geography: A Critical
Introduction
Stanley D Brunn, Donald J Zeigler, Maureen Hays-Mitchell, Jessica K Graybill (2016), Cities of the
World: Regional Patterns and Urban Environments
John Hannigan, Greg Richards (2017), The SAGE Handbook of New Urban Studies
http://www.urbanlearning.eu/fileadmin/user_upload/toolbox_planning_process.
https://www.google.com/search?sxsrf=ALeKk02723Z_M6F7AAAwoXW-BMap53tJNQ
%3A1597498648181&ei=GOU3X6DXCpCUmAXl6YWgCg&q=Urban+outcomes+topic&oq=Urban+outco
mes+topic&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQAzIFCCEQoAE6BAgjECc6BggAEBYQHjoCCABQvwpYuyRgwypoAHAA
eACAAfABiAHVB5IBBTEuNS4xmAEAoAEBqgEHZ3dzLXdpesABAQ&sclient=psy-
ab&ved=0ahUKEwigw9Cbqp3rAhUQCqYKHeV0AaQQ4dUDCAw&uact=5

Geography 3-Urban Geography