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Usool fit-Tafseer
by Muhammad ibn Saalih al-‘Uthaymeen

Class materials prepared by Aboo Shaybah

The Arabic text of the book Usool fit-Tafseer along with the review questions (in English)
dictated over the course of our reading the book.

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Usool fit-Tafseer – Review Questions

1) What is Tafseer?
2) What is the linguistic definition of the word Qur’aan? (3 things)
3) What is the technical definition of the word Qur’aan?
4) The Qur’aan contains both akhbaar and ahkaam. Explain each one.
5) The meaning of Soorah at-Tawbah (9):124,125 is: “And whenever a soorah is revealed, among them are
those who say, ‘which of you has this increased in eemaan?’ As for those who have eemaan, it
increases them in eemaan while they are glad. And as for those in whose hearts is a disease, it
increases them in evil on top of their existing evil, and they would die in a state of kufr.” Who
does “them” refer to and what is the disease in their hearts?
6) Based on what we discussed about akhbaar and ahkaam and based on your knowledge of the definition of
eemaan according to ahlus-sunnah wal-jamaa‘ah, explain how the Qur’aan increases some people in eemaan
and increases others in evil.
7) What was a mundane, everyday example given in class of how one thing can have opposite effects on
different sets of people.
8) What are the two primary sources of the system of laws in Islaam, known as the Sharee‘ah? Provide a proof
from the Qur’aan for each of the sources.
9) When was the first part of the Qur’aan revealed to the Prophet Muhammad r? Provide proof from the
Qur’aan to support your answer.
10) What was the age of the Prophet Muhammad r when the first revelation of the Qur’aan was conveyed to
him? Also what part(s) of the Qur’aan do some scholars use to support the view that such an age is when
one’s intellect and perception have fully developed?
11) Who was the messenger that conveyed the first revelation of the Qur’aan to the Prophet Muhammad r?
List five characteristics of that messenger given in the Qur’aan.
12) Consider the relationship between the descriptions of the Qur’aan and the attributes of the messenger
sent to convey the Qur’aan. Based on that relationship, how do we understand that the messenger was
suitable to be given such a task?
13) What was the first part of the Qur’aan to be revealed in an absolute sense? Mention a narration which
proves that, as well as the narrator and source of the narration.
14) There is a narration from Jaabir ibn ‘Abdillaah C in Saheeh al-Bukhaaree which states that when he was
asked about the first part of the Qur’aan revealed he said it was the first five aayaat from Soorah al-
Muddaththir. How can we reconcile between this and the answer to the previous question? (2 ways)
15) With regard to revelation of the Qur’aan, what does ibtidaa’ee mean?
16) With regard to revelation of the Qur’aan, what does sababee mean?
17) Mention three categories of sababee along with proof from the Qur’aan for each.
18) Mention four objectives of knowing circumstances surrounding revelation (asbaab an-nuzool).
19) Explain how knowledge of asbaab an-nuzool aids in understanding and appreciating:
a. The Qur’aan being revelation from Allaah (from 2 perspectives)
b. Allaah’s care and defense of His Messenger r
c. Allaah’s care of His servants
d. The correct meaning of aayaat in the Qur’aan
20) What is the general principle which applies to the wordings of the Qur’aan and asbaab an-nuzool ? Give an
example of the Prophet r applying this principle.
21) What is a proof from the Qur’aan that it was revealed intermittently in piecemeal fashion?
22) What is the definition of Makkee?
23) What is the definition of Madanee?
24) What is the difference between Makkee and Madanee portions of the Qur’aan in terms of the technique of
delivery (usloob) and what are reasons for the difference? Mention two aspects of the usloob, along with
examples.
25) What is the difference between Makkee and Madanee portions of the Qur’aan in terms of topics discussed
(mawdoo‘) and what are reasons for the difference?
26) Mention four objectives of knowing Makkee and Madanee?
27) Mention four aspects of Allaah’s wisdom in revealing the Qur’aan in a piecemeal fashion, and cite
supporting examples.
28) Mention three categories of the order of various parts of the Qur’aan and give an example for each
category.
29) In the discussion that took place between ‘Abdullaah ibn az-Zubayr and ‘Uthmaan ibn ‘Affaan, what
ruling was being discussed? What was the earlier ruling and what was the later one?
30) Discuss the written documentation of the Qur’aan during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allaah r.
31) Discuss the compilation of the mushaf during the time of Aboo Bakr.
32) Discuss of the compilation of the mushaf during the time of ‘Uthmaan.
33) Compare between the compilations of the mushaf ordered by Aboo Bakr and ‘Uthmaan making mention
of reasons, objectives, and effects.
34) Define Tafseer linguistically and technically.
35) What is the ruling of learning Tafseer ?
36) Explain how aayah 29 of Soorah Saad relates to Tafseer.
37) Explain how aayah 24 of Soorah Muhammad relates to Tafseer.
38) Mention the statement of Aboo ‘Abdir-Rahman as-Sulamee about the method employed by the Salaf in
learning the Qur’aan.
39) How did ibn Taymiyyah emphasize knowing the meaning of the speech of Allaah, and what example did
he use for that?
40) In aayah 187 of Soorah Aali ‘Imraan, Allaah placed responsibility upon the scholars to explain the scripture
to the people. What does this explanation entail?
41) What is the objective of studying Tafseer?
42) What must an individual keep in mind before performing Tafseer?
43) Mention two aayaat that show the severity of speaking about Allaah without knowledge.
44) Give an example of the Qur’aan explaining the Qur’aan from two different locations (hint: Soorah al-
Faatihah and Soorah an-Nisaa’).
45) List the sources of Tafseer and provide an example of each (give two examples for the last source).
46) What does at-Tafseer al-Ma’thoor refer to?
47) The first category was about different individuals using synonymous terms. Provide an example.
48) The second category was about differences in both wording and meaning. This breaks into sub-
categories, what are they?
49) Provide an example and explanation for each of those sub-categories.
50) What is the third category of differences in statements of the Salaf in Tafseer?
51) The correct Tafseer may be determined by either context or some other factor. Provide an example for
each.
52) Define tarjamah linguistically and technically.
53) Mention two types of tarjamah. Which one of them is acceptable and why?
54) What are your thoughts about translations from Arabic to English whether translations of the Qur’aan,
Sunnah, or works of scholars?
55) Does the author refer to transliteration or word for word translation? Why do you think so?
56) Mention some of the conditions stipulated for translation of the Qur’aan and the translator.
57) List the translations of the Qur’aan which you can find information about from Arabic to English.
58) What are the oldest translations of the Qur’aan that you can find information about?
59) Name seven Companions who were known for being authorities in the area of Tafseer.
60) What was the relationship between ‘Alee ibn Abee Taalib and the Messenger of Allaah r?
61) Mention at least one kunyah for ‘Alee ibn Abee Taalib.
62) Where and when was ‘Alee born, and how did he die?
63) What are the two groups that went to extremes regarding ‘Alee and what are the extremes?
64) Mention two facts that you found interesting about ‘Alee.
65) To whom was ‘Abdullaah ibn Mas‘ood also ascribed and why?
66) What statement did ibn Mas‘ood make emphasizing the knowledge of Tafseer which he had?
67) Discuss the relationship ibn Mas‘ood had with the Messenger of Allaah r.
68) Where and when did ibn Mas‘ood die?
69) What was the relationship between ‘Abdullaah ibn ‘Abbaas and the Messenger of Allaah r?
70) When was ibn ‘Abbaas born, and where and when did he die?
71) Mention two factors that contributed to ibn ‘Abbaas being an authority in Tafseer. (hint: one is a
statement of the Prophet r and another is the statement of a Companion)
72) What Tafseer did ibn ‘Abbaas gave for Soorah an-Nasr?
73) Mention where ibn ‘Abbaas was situated as well as three prominent students of his.
74) Mention where Ubayy ibn Ka‘b was situated as well as three prominent students of his.
75) Mention where ibn Mas‘ood was situated as well as three prominent students of his.
76) When was Mujaahid born, where did he live, when and under what circumstances did he die?
77) When was Qataadah born, under what circumstances was he born, and when and where did he die?
78) Mention at least one distinguishing quality of Qataadah or a quality he was recognized for.
79) In terms of muhkam and mutashaabih, from what perspectives can the Qur’aan be viewed? Explain each
one briefly.
80) Ja‘far and ‘Alee were brothers. The Messenger of Allaah r raised ‘Alee. Who raised Ja‘far?
81) Did ‘Abdullah ibn Mas‘ood follow al-haneefiyyah before accepting Islaam?
82) What does the ascription al-Qurathee refer to?
83) What are the two approaches in dealing with the mutashaabih?
84) Give an example from the Qur’aan to prove that directing a prohibition to someone does not necessarily
mean the person has committed the prohibition.
85) What is meant by mutashaabih in an absolute sense? Provide an example.
86) What is meant by mutashaabih in a relative sense? Provide an example.
87) Explain some aspects of the wisdom behind the Qur’aan containing both muhkam and mutashaabih.
88) What is meant by moohim at-ta‘arud (i.e. something that seems to be contradiction) in the Qur’aan?
89) Why can there be no contradictions in akhbaar?
90) Why can there be no contradictions in ahkaam?
91) What are the steps to take in reconciling an apparent contradiction?
92) Give two examples of an apparent contradiction and explain both.
93) Name a book (along with the name of its author) that addresses apparent contradictions.
94) What is a qasam literally and technically?
95) How many letters are used for a qasam and what are they?
96) Mention what you know about each letter in terms of when it can be used, etc.
97) What is the default for the muqsam bihi (the thing you swear by) and what are the exceptions?
98) What is the default for the muqsam ‘alayhi (the thing you are swearing about) and what are the exceptions?
99) What are two purposes of using a qasam?
100) What three circumstances under which a qasam should be used?
101) What does qasas mean literally and technically?
102) Explain how the qasas of the Qur’aan are most truthful.
103) Explain how the qasas of the Qur’aan are the best narrative.
104) Explain how the qasas of the Qur’aan are the most beneficial and advantageous.
105) Identify three categories of narratives in the Qur’aan and give some examples for each.
106) What are some aspects of the wisdom behind mentioning narratives in the Qur’aan?
107) What are some objectives of repeating narratives in the Qur’aan?
108) What is meant by Israa’eeliyyaat and why are they given that name?
109) What are the three approaches taken when dealing with Israa’eeliyyaat in books of Tafseer? Provide one
example for each of the three approaches.
110) What did ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abbaas say about asking Ahl al-Kitaab anything regarding Islaam?
111) What is a dameer? What does it mean and how is it used?
112) Explain the default order between marji‘ and dameer.
113) Specify four exceptions to the default order and provide an example for each.
114) Give an example of the marji‘ differing from the dameer in meaning.
115) If there are a number of damaa’ir, what is the default for the marji‘? Provide an example.
116) The default for a dameer is that it refer to the closest marji‘ before it, except in one case. What is that
case? Provide an example.
117) Explain the concept of al-ithhaar fee mawdi‘ al-idmaar in your own words, providing examples as
necessary.
118) In the aayah which means “And those who hold fast to the Book and establish Salaah, We shall
certainly not waste the reward of the musliheen.” [Soorah al-A‘raaf (7):170], explain three things which
we understand from the use of the ism thaahir (musliheen), as opposed to using a dameer.
119) Is al-ithhaar fee mawdi‘ al-idmaar optional, or are there cases where it must be done? Explain.
120) Give an example of dameer al-fasl for mutakallim, mukhaatab and ghaa’ib.
121) What are three objectives for which dameer al-fasl can be used? Briefly explain each one.
122) Explain concept of iltifaat in you own words, providing examples as necessary.
123) What are some things produced by the usage of iltifaat in the Qur’aan?
124) What did ash-Shaykh ibn al-‘Uthaymeen say about placing iltifaat as the last section of this book, and
what did he call that?