Python - Loops

Introduction to Business Analytics
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Introduction to Python Programming
Loops in Python
Objectives
At the end of this topic, you will be able to understand and explain:
 Understand the basics of loops in Python
 Explain for and while loop statements with examples
 Explain the usage of break and continue statements
 Explain how to setup flow control within loops
Loops in Python
Python Loops
 A loop statement allows us to execute a statement or group of statements multiple times
 Statements are executed sequentially: The first statement in a function is executed first,
followed by the second, and so on
 A block of code may get executed several number of times
Conditional Code
If condition
is true
condition
If condition
is false
Types of Loops
Types of Loops
while Loop
for Loop
Run as long as a specific
Run a set number of times
logical condition is true
for and while Loops
for Loop Statement
 Definition: The for loop executes a sequence of statements multiple times and abbreviates the
code that manages the loop variable
 Syntax:
 for iter in sequence:
 statements(iter)
for Loop - Flowchart
For each element

In the sequence
Yes
Is this the last
element of
the
sequence?
No
Statements
End of ‘for’ loop
inside ‘for’ loop
Example I - for Loop Using a Range
 for i in range(5):
 print("Hello Python")
 Hello Python
 Hello Python
 Hello Python
 Hello Python
 Hello Python
Example II: for Loop Using a List
 list1 = [25, 50, 75]
 print(list1)
 [25, 50, 75]
 for num in list1:
 print(“num is equal to: ”, num)
 num is equal to: 25
Example III: for Loop Using a String
 for letter in "Gabby":
 print(f“ looping over letters in name: {letter}")
 looping over letters in name: G
 looping over letters in name: a
 looping over letters in name: b
 looping over letters in name: b
 looping over letters in name: y
while Loop Statement
 Definition:
 A while loop statement in Python repeatedly executes a target statement as long as a given
condition is true
 A while loop is a type of loop that runs as long as a logical condition is True
 When the logical condition becomes False, the loop stops running
 Syntax:
 while <logical_condition>:
 <code>
while Loop - Flowchart
Start of the loop
False
Condition
True
Statements or
Exit the loop
body of while
while Loop - Example
 i=1
 print(i)
 while i < 3:
 print(i)
 i=i+1
 1
 1
 2
break and continue Statements
Break and Continue Statements
 In Python, break and continue statements can alter the flow of a normal loop
 Loops iterate over a block of code until the test expression is false, but sometimes we wish to
terminate the current iteration or even the whole loop without checking test expression
 The break and continue statements are used in these cases
break Statement
 Definition:
 The break statement terminates the loop containing it. Control of the program flows to the
statement immediately after the body of the loop
 If the break statement is inside a nested loop (loop inside another loop), the break statement
will terminate the innermost loop
 Syntax:
 break
break - Flowchart
Enter loop
test expression False

of loop
True
Yes
break?
No
Exit Loop
Remaining body
of loop
break - Example
 for val in "string":
 if val == "i":
 break # Use of break statement inside the loop
 print(val)
 print("The end")
 s
 t
 r
 The end
continue Statement
 Definition:
 The continue statement is used to skip the rest of the code inside a loop for the current
iteration only
 Loop does not terminate but continues on with the next iteration
 Syntax:
 continue
continue - Flowchart
Enter loop
test expression False
of loop
True
Yes
Continue?
No
Exit Loop
Remaining body
of loop
continue - Example
 for val in "string":
 if val == "i": # Program to show the use of continue statement inside loops
 continue
 print(val)
 print("The end")
s
t
r
n
g
The end
Flow Control Within Loops
Flow Controls Within Loops
 General structure of a loop:
 while <statement> (or for <item> in <object>):
 <statements within loop>
 if <test1>: break # exit loop now
 if <test2>: continue # go to top of loop now
 if <test3>: pass # does nothing!
 else:
 <other statements> # if exited loop without hitting a break
Using the “loop else”
 An else statement after a loop is useful for taking care of a case where an item isn't found in a
list
 for i in range(3):
 if i == 4:
 print("I found 4!“)
 break
Don't care about 0
 else:
Don't care about 1
 print ("Don't care about“,i)
Don't care about 2
 else: I searched but never found 4!
 print ("I searched but never found 4!“)

for ... in: Example
 for name in ["Mutasim", "Micah", "Ryan"]:
 if name[0] == "M":
 print(name, "starts with an M")
 else:
 print(name, "doesn't start with M")
 Mutasim starts with an M
 Micah starts with an M
 Ryan doesn't start with M
Summary
 A loop statement allows us to execute a statement or group of statements multiple times
 Statements are executed sequentially: The first statement in a function is executed first,
followed by the second, and so on
 Two basic types of loops: for and while loops
 for loop executes a sequence of statements multiple times and abbreviates the code that
manages the loop variable
 while loop repeatedly executes a target statement as long as a given condition is true
 In Python, break and continue statements can alter the flow of a normal loop
Additional Resources
 McKinney, W. (2013). Python for data analysis. O'Reilly Media.
 Lutz, M. (2013). Learning Python: Powerful object-oriented programming. O'Reilly Media.
 Summerfield, M. (2010). Programming in Python 3: A complete introduction to the Python

language. Pearson Education India.
 Matthes, E. (2019). Python crash course: A hands-on, project-based introduction to

programming (2nd ed.). No Starch Press.
 Beazley, D., & Jones, B. K. (2013). Python cookbook: Recipes for mastering Python 3. O'Reilly
Media.
e-References
 Welcome to Python.org. (n.d.). Python.org. https://www.python.org
 Introduction to Python. (n.d.). W3Schools Online Web

Tutorials. https://www.w3schools.com/python/python_intro.asp
Copyright © LEARNXT 30
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Introduction to Business Analytics

 Explain for and while loop statements with examples

 Explain the usage of break and continue statements

 Explain how to setup flow control within loops

 A block of code may get executed several number of times

 for iter in sequence:

For each element

 [25, 50, 75]

 for num in list1:

 print(“num is equal to: ”, num)

 num is equal to: 25

 num is equal to: 50

 num is equal to: 75

 print(f“ looping over letters in name: {letter}")

 looping over letters in name: G

 looping over letters in name: a

 looping over letters in name: b

 looping over letters in name: b

 looping over letters in name: y

Start of the loop

 The break and continue statements are used in these cases

test expression False

 break # Use of break statement inside the loop

 while <statement> (or for <item> in <object>):

 <statements within loop>

 if <test1>: break # exit loop now

 if <test2>: continue # go to top of loop now

 if <test3>: pass # does nothing!

 <other statements> # if exited loop without hitting a break

 print("I found 4!“)

 print ("I searched but never found 4!“)

 print(name, "starts with an M")

 print(name, "doesn't start with M")

 Mutasim starts with an M

 Micah starts with an M

 Ryan doesn't start with M

 Two basic types of loops: for and while loops

 Lutz, M. (2013). Learning Python: Powerful object-oriented programming. O'Reilly Media.

 Summerfield, M. (2010). Programming in Python 3: A complete introduction to the Python

 Matthes, E. (2019). Python crash course: A hands-on, project-based introduction to

 Introduction to Python. (n.d.). W3Schools Online Web

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