Name: Ilert Kliene T.

Arcaya Section: BSN3A

Subject Code: NCM76

In a journal entry, identify situations in the clinical setting involving the exercise
of patients’ rights.

Every individual has the right to be treated without regard for race or ethnicity.
Patients must be treated fairly and receive high-quality care. If a homeless person
requires medical attention in a clinical setting, healthcare professionals must treat him
or her without bias or discrimination. The patient has the right to appropriate and high-
quality health and medical care. Throughout this process, his human dignity,
convictions, integrity, individual needs, and culture will be respected. If any person
cannot immediately receive medically necessary treatment, he will be directed to wait
for care, or referred to or sent for treatment elsewhere, where appropriate care can be
provided. Patients have the right to know and be informed about certain procedures, as
well as to be given an honest and truthful explanation. Nurses request informed
consent, especially when invasive procedures must be performed on a patient's body. If
the patient does not wish to participate in the surgery or procedure, he or she is free to
do so.

If the patient agrees to the surgery, the patient's information must be kept private
and should never be discussed outside of the hospital. He or she must also be properly
informed about the upcoming surgery. If a patient is dissatisfied with the services
provided by the hospital, he or she has the right to leave and select the health care
provider as well as the facility to serve him or her, except when he is under the care of a
service facility, when public health and safety require it, or when the patient expressly
waives this right in writing.

Most importantly, the patient has the right to understand his or her own rights and
responsibilities. It is the responsibility of healthcare institutions to inform patients of their
rights as well as the institution's rules and regulations that apply to the patient's conduct
while in their care.

Identify clinical situations in which the use of seclusion or restraint may be

appropriate. Discuss legal ramifications of their use.

Seclusion is the confinement of a patient in a locked room from which he is

unable to escape on his own. According to Chieze, M. et al. (2019), the main findings
show that seclusion and restraint have negative effects. Nurses and other healthcare
professionals must exercise caution when using these interventions, which should only
be used as a last resort. When deciding whether or not to implement these measures,
patients' preferences should be considered. Restraint is indicated if the patient poses an
immediate danger to others. Seclusion should be considered if the patient is not a
danger to others. Restraint, on the other hand, is appropriate if the patient would be a
danger to himself while in seclusion.

Discuss the ethical dilemma, “When a therapeutic relationship has ended, can a
health care professional ever have a social or intimate relationship with someone
he or she met as a client?”

Romantic or sexual relationships that occur between doctors and patients at the
same time as the patient-doctor relationship are deceptive. The American Psychological
Association allows therapists to pursue a romantic relationship with a former client if at
least two years have passed since the therapy ended. Even so, this type of relationship
is still strongly discouraged. I believe the nature of this quandary is that patients become
more vulnerable as a result of this dual relationship. Some researchers believe that
becoming intimate with doctors is harmful to patients. These emotions may exacerbate
the clients' symptoms of depression, repressed anger, or suicidal ideation. The client
may become more isolated and distrustful of others. This will make it more difficult for
them to receive appropriate care in the future.

Discuss the four elements that must be proven for malpractice to exist.

In a medical malpractice personal injury case, there are four elements that must
be proven. There are four of them: duty, breach of duty, damage, and cause. A
healthcare practitioner charged with the patient's care must have owed a duty to that
patient. A common example of a situation in which that duty would exist is the doctor-
patient relationship. When we talk about breach of duty, we mean that the healthcare
practitioner who had the duty of care for that patient failed in his or her duty by failing to
exercise the level of care or medical skill that another healthcare professional in the
same specialty would have used in an equal situation.

When a patient suffers an emotional or physical injury while in the care of others,
the damage occurs. When a patient suffers an emotional or physical injury while under
the care of a healthcare practitioner, the damage occurs. The injury may be new or
aggravated from a previous one. Finally, solid proof that the healthcare practitioner's
breach of duty caused the patient's injury is required, which is known as the element of
cause.