WHAT IS KINSHIP?

KINSHIP
 KIN- one's family and relations; a sociocultural structure that forms a
network of social and biological links between individuals or the blood
or marital link that binds individuals together in a community.

 Kinship is the recognition of relationships between persons based on

descent or marriage. If the relationship between one person and another
is considered by them to involve descent, the two are consanguine
(“blood”) relatives. If the relationship has been established through
marriage, it is affinal.’ – L. Stone

BASIS OF KINSHIP
1) Sex
a. The Kinship relations in every society are differentiated by
sex.

2) Generation
a. In terms of generations, a kinship relationship is set between
the individuals. For instance, 'Father' and 'Son' denotes the
relationship between two different generations.

3) Close relations or intimacy

a. It is a relationships that is not founded on blood ties. It refers
to a marriage-based relationships.
 4) Blood Relations
a. It is Blood-based relations in which divided into lineal and
Collateral Relatives. Lineal Relatives are those in direct line of
ancestry, such as Grandfather, father, daughter, and
grandaughter, for instance. Collateral relations are additional
Lineal Relatives, such us uncles, unties, and their children.

5) Division
a. It is the divisions and sub-divisions in Kinship relationships.
For instance, "Son's son and Daughter's daughter are two
forms or relations,"

6) Binding Thread
a. The Affinal and Consanguineal relations acts the 'Thread of
Connection'. This means that Kinship involves a chain.

TYPES OF KINSHIP
 The kinships are based on two broad aspects
 A.) Birth (Blood relationships)
 B.) Marriages

Consanguineal kinship: This kinship is based on blood, referring to the tie

between parents and children as well as immediate siblings. It is thought to
be the most fundamental and universal in relationships.

Ex:
 Mother and Daughter Relationship
 Father and Son Relationship
 Aunt and Niece Relationship
Affinal kinship: Marriage is the foundation of this relationship. The basic kin
connection is that between a husband and a wife.

 Examples of Affinal Kinship

 Husband and Wife Relationship
o Primary Affinal Kinship
 Mother and Daughter Relationship
o Secondary Affinal Kinship
 Sister and Brother In Law Relationship
o Secondary Affinal Kinship

DESCCENT

 Define socially recognized kin groups by tracing connections through

chains of parent-child ties. In addition, we can define descent as bilateral
or cognatic when the characteristics of our status are transmitted
through both parents and we belong to both parents’ kinship groups.

TYPES OF DESCENT SYSTEM

1.UNILINEAL - A kinship, or family system, in which descent is traced

through only ONE GENDER.
Ex: Patriclan(male), Matriclan(female)
2.  PATRILINEAL - A system of descent in which the children belong to the
FATHER’S GROUP.
3. MATRILINEAL - A system of descent in which the children belong to the
MOTHER’S GROUP.
4. BILATERAL- A descent system which tracing relationships through BOTH
PARENTS.

KINSHIP BY MARRIAGE
 Affinal Kinship happens when a marriage occurs. And there are
various forms of marriage.
 These are Monogamy, Polygamy, Polygyny, and Polyandry.

FORMS OF MARRIAGE
Monogamy
 Monogamy came from the Greek words 'monos' and 'gamos.'
 It means 'one union.'
 Monogamy occurs when a person marries one person only. It
is the state of marriage without having more than one
husband or wife.
Polygamy
 It is Polygamy when an individual marries more than one man
or woman. It is the state of having multiple husbands or wives
at the same time.
Polygyny
 Polygyny happens when a man marries multiple women at
the same time. It is the state of having multiple wives
simultaneously.
  Sosoral Polygyny is when a man is married with two or more
sisters at the same time.
Polyandry
 Polyandry happens when a woman marries multiple men. It is
the state of having more than one husband simultaneously.

KINSHIP BY RITUAL

 This is the form of God parenthood (compadrazgo), a sort of

ritual kinship, was crucial in fostering and extending familial
bonds. At their child’s baptism, confirmation, and marriage,
parents choose godparents. The godparents were then joined
as Copa rents to the parents.
 The Roman Catholic Church had a baptismal institution called
Compadrazgo. The duty of caring for the godchild was more
seriously interpreted in rural areas and among the poor.
Godparents were required to provide gifts on a godchild's
birthday and to cover the cost of the baptism. The higher
class in both urban and rural areas chose friends or family to
be their child's godparents. When a patron agreed to act as a
godparent, lower-class people were entitled to more
extensive interactions with the higher-status person. This was
especially true for peasants and urban poor people.

POLITICS OF KINSHIP

A Specified Form of Kinship Politics Each political player belongs to a familial

group. Each kin group may include zero to a certain number of extra people.
Any member may be considered the group's main character, or the group
itself could be considered an entity.

POLITICAL DYNASTY
The Philippine political system has always included political dynasties. They
are generally found in wealthy families that first became entrenched in a
province before transitioning to the federal government. In the Philippine
government, people from these families presently hold the majority of the
positions.

FAMILY AND THE HOUSEHOLD

Family
- commonly used to refer to the number of individuals in a family.
Ex.
One (one individual) or three or five related people living together.

Household
- is a social unit made up of people who may or may not be connected
to one another.
Ex.
College roommates living together in one house (all unrelated)
NUCLEAR FAMILY
- a family group consisting of parents and their children (one or more),
typically living in one home residence.

EXTENDED FAMILY
- A family that extends beyond the nuclear family, consisting of parents
like father, mother, and their children, aunts, uncles, grandparents,
and cousins, all living in the same household.

RECONSTITUTED FAMILY
- Also known as blended family
- the sociological term for the joining of two adults via marriage,
cohabitation or civil partnership, who have had previous relationships
and children from them.

SEPARATED FAMILY
- When one of the family members is separated from the family due to
circumstances, but they remain a vital and significant component of
the family.

TRANSNATIONAL FAMILY
- Families that live apart for some or most of the time, but maintain the
connection and the feeling of collective love, affection, care, welfare,
and unity that is known as family hood, even across national lines.
 KINSHIP AND ITS DEGREE

PRIMARY KINSHIP
 Primary kinship is based on direct relations. Individuals or people that are directly
related are said to be primary in nature.

Primary kinship is further divided into two:

1. Primary consanguineal kinship
2. Primary Affinal kinship

Primary consanguineal kinship:

this kin refers to that kin that is directly related to each other by birth. For instance
association with or amongst parents and children and among siblings.

Primary Affinal kinship:

the relation that takes place with marriage is said to be Primary Affinal kinship. The
direct primary affinal kinship is the husband-wife relationship.

SECONDARY KINSHIP
Secondary kinship alludes to the primary kinship. As it were, the individuals who are
specifically identified with primary kinship (i.e. primary kin of our primary kinship)
become secondary kinship.
In other words, it means relations that come through primary kinship are said to be
secondary kinship.
Types of secondary kinship:
1.) Secondary Consanguineal kinship
2.) Secondary Affinal kinship

IMPORTANCE OF KINSHIP

• The kinship system promotes connections' unity, harmony, and

collaboration.
• Kinship establishes ground rules for interpersonal communication
and engagement.
• Who can marry whom is determined by the existence of marriage
taboos.
• Kinship influences how different relatives behave.
• Kinship serves as a social life watchdog.
• Kinship establishes the rights and duties of the family and
marriage, as well as the system of production and political
authority, in rural areas or tribal societies.
• It aids people in better understanding their relationships with one
another.
• It grows and develops people and helps them better relate to one
another in society.