PROBLEM 10.

31
Solve Problem 10.30 assuming that force P is moved to C and acts
vertically downward.

SOLUTION
cos , sin
C C
y l y l = =
Spring:
Unstretched length 2 = l
( ) 2 2 sin 4 sin = = x l l
4 cos = x l
( ) 2 = F k x l
( ) 4 sin 2 = F k l l
Virtual Work:
0:
C
U P y F x =
( ) ( )( ) sin 4 sin 2 4 cos 0 = P l k l l l
( ) sin 8 2sin 1 cos 0 = P kl
or ( )
cos
2sin 1
8 sin

=
P
kl

With 200 mm, 300 N/m, and 160 N l k P = = =
( )
( )( )
( )
160 N cos
2sin 1
8 300 N/m 0.2 sin

=
or ( )
cos 1
2sin 1
sin 3

=
Solving numerically, 39.65 =
and 68.96 =
39.7 =
and 69.0 =


PROBLEM 10.32
For the mechanism shown, block A can move freely in its guide and rests
against a spring of constant 15 lb/in. that is undeformed when 45 . =
For the loading shown, determine the value of corresponding to
equilibrium.

SOLUTION
First note ( ) 10sin in.
D
y =
Then ( ) 10cos in. =
D
y
Also ( ) 2 12cos in. =
A
x
Then ( ) ( )
0
24 in. cos 45
A
x =
and ( ) 24sin in. =
A
x
With 0: < Virtual Work: ( ) 0: 60 lb 0
D SP A
U y F x = =
where ( )
0

=

SP A A
F k x x
( )( )( ) 15 lb/in. 24cos 24cos 45 in. =
( )( ) 360 lb cos cos 45 =
Then ( )( ) ( ) ( ) 60 10cos 360 cos cos 45 24sin 0 =


or ( ) 5 72tan cos cos 45 0 =
Solving numerically, 15.03 and 36.9 = =








PROBLEM 10.33 AND 10.34
10.33: A force P of magnitude 150 lb is applied to the linkage at B. The
constant of the spring is 12.5 lb/in., and the spring is unstretched when
AB and BC are horizontal. Neglecting the weight of the linkage and
knowing that 15 in., l = determine the value of corresponding to
equilibrium.
10.34: A vertical force P is applied to the linkage at B. The constant of
the spring is k, and the spring is unstretched when AB and BC are
horizontal. Neglecting the weight of the linkage, derive an equation in ,
P, l, and k that must be satisfied when the linkage is in equilibrium.

SOLUTION






2 cos 2 sin = =
C C
x l x l
sin cos = =
B B
y l y l
( ) ( ) 2 2 1 cos = = =
C
F ks k l x kl
Virtual Work: 0: 0
C B
U F x W y = + =
( )( ) ( ) 2 1 cos 2 sin cos 0 kl l W l + =
( )
2
4 1 cos sin cos = kl Wl
or ( ) 1 cos tan
4
=
W
kl

Problem 10.33: Given: 0.3 m, 600 N, 2500 N/m = = = l W k
Then ( )
( )( )
600 N
1 cos tan
4 2500 N/m 0.3 m
=
or ( ) 1 cos tan 0.2 =
Solving numerically, 40.22 =
40.2 =
Problem 10.34: From above ( ) 1 cos tan
4
W
kl
=




PROBLEM 10.35
Knowing that the constant of spring CD is k and that the spring is
unstretched when rod ABC is horizontal, determine the value of
corresponding to equilibrium for the data indicated.
150 lb, 30 in., 40 lb/in. P l k = = =

SOLUTION
sin =
A
y l
cos =
A
y l
Spring: v CD =
Unstretched when 0 =
so that
0
2 v l =
For :

90
2 sin
2
v l
+ | |
=
|
\ .

cos 45
2
v l


| |
= +
|
\ .

Stretched length:
0
2 sin 45 2
2
s v v l l
| |
= = +
|
\ .

Then 2sin 45 2
2
| |
= = +
|
\ .

F ks kl
Virtual Work:
0: 0
A
U P y F v = =
cos 2sin 45 2 cos 45 0
2 2


| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ . \ .

Pl kl l
or
1
2sin 45 cos 45 2 cos 45
cos 2 2 2

| | | | | |
= + + +
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

P
kl


1
2sin 45 cos 45 cos 2 cos 45
cos 2 2 2

| | | | | |
= + + +
| | |
\ . \ . \ .



cos 45
2
1 2
cos

| |
+
|
\ .
=

PROBLEM 10.35 CONTINUED
Now, with 150 lb, 30 in., and 40 lb/in. P l k = = =
( )
( )( )
cos 45
150 lb
2
1 2
40 lb/in. 30 in. cos

| |
+
|
\ .
=
or
cos 45
2
0.61872
cos

| |
+
|
\ .
=
Solving numerically, 17.825 = 17.83 =




PROBLEM 10.36
Knowing that the constant of spring CD is k and that the spring is
unstretched when rod ABC is horizontal, determine the value of
corresponding to equilibrium for the data indicated.
600 N, 800 mm, 4 kN/m. P l k = = =

SOLUTION
From the analysis of Problem 10.35, we have
cos 45
2
1 2
cos
P
kl

| |
+
|
\ .
=
With 600 N, 800 mm, and 4 kN/m P l k = = =
( )
( )( )
cos 45
600 N
2
1 2
4000 N/m 0.8 m cos

| |
+
|
\ .
=
or
cos 45
2
0.57452
cos

| |
+
|
\ .
=
Solving numerically, 30.98 = 31.0 =




PROBLEM 10.37
A horizontal force P of magnitude 160 N is applied to the mechanism at
C. The constant of the spring is 1.8 kN/m, k = and the spring is
unstretched when 0. = Neglecting the mass of the mechanism,
determine the value of corresponding to equilibrium.

SOLUTION







Have s r s r = =
F ks kr = =
and sin =
C
x l
cos =
C
x l
Virtual Work:
0: 0
C
U P x F s = =
( ) cos 0 = Pl kr r
or
2
cos

=
Pl
kr

( )( )
( )( )
2
160 N 0.24 m
cos
1800 N/m 0.1 m

=
2.1333
cos

=
Solving numerically, 1.054 rad 60.39 = = 60.4 =




PROBLEM 10.38
A cord is wrapped around drum A which is attached to member AB.
Block D can move freely in its guide and is fastened to link CD.
Neglecting the weight of AB and knowing that the spring is of constant
4 lb/in. and is undeformed when 0, = determine the value of
corresponding to equilibrium when a downward force P of magnitude
96 lb is applied to the end of the cord.

SOLUTION



Have ( ) 15tan in.
C
y =
Then ( )
2
15sec in.
C
y =
Virtual Work: 0: 0
P SP C
U P s F y = =
where ( ) 3 in.
P
s =
and
SP C
F ky =
( )( ) 4 lb/in. 15 in. tan =
( ) 60tan lb =
Then ( )( ) ( )
( )
2
96 lb 3 in. 60tan lb 15sec in. 0

=



or
2
3.125tan sec 1 =
Solving numerically, 16.41 =





PROBLEM 10.39
The lever AB is attached to the horizontal shaft BC which passes through
a bearing and is welded to a fixed support at C. The torsional spring
constant of the shaft BC is K; that is, a couple of magnitude K is required
to rotate end B through 1 rad. Knowing that the shaft is untwisted when
AB is horizontal, determine the value of corresponding to the position
of equilibrium when 400 lb, P = 10 in., l = and 150 lb ft/rad. K =

SOLUTION





Have sin =
A
y l
cos =
A
y l
Virtual Work:
0: 0
A
U P y M = =
cos 0 = Pl K
or
cos

=
Pl
K
(1)
With 400 lb, 10 in., and 150 lb ft/rad P l K = = =
( )
10 in.
400 lb
12 in./ft
cos 150 lb ft/rad

| |
|
\ .
=

or 2.2222
cos

=
Solving numerically, 61.25 = 61.2 =



PROBLEM 10.40
Solve Problem 10.39 assuming that 1.26 kips, P = 10 in., l = and
150 lb ft/rad K = . Obtain answers in each of the following quadrants:
0 90 , < < 270 360 , < < and 360 450 . < <

SOLUTION
Using Equation (1) of Problem 10.39 and
1.26 kip, 10 in., and 150 lb ft/rad P l K = = =
we have
( )
10 in.
1260 lb
12 in./ft
cos 150 lb ft/rad

| |
|
\ .
=

or 7 or 7cos
cos

= = (1)
The solutions to this equation can be shown graphically using any appropriate graphing tool, such as Maple,
with the command: ( ) { } ( )
plot theta, 7 * cos theta , 0..5 * Pi/2 ; t =
Thus, we plot and 7cos in the range y y = =
5
0
2

We observe that there are three points of intersection, which implies that Equation (1) has three roots in the
specified range of .
0 90 ; 1.37333 rad, 78.69
2

| |
= =
|
\ .
78.7 =

3
270 360 2 ; 5.65222 rad, 323.85
2

| |
= =
|
\ .
324 =

5
360 450 2 ; 6.61597 rad, 379.07
2

| |
= =
|
\ .
379 =