NMV Facilities and

Wayside Amenities ~
Access Management
IMPORTANCE OF FOOTPATH:
• Every journey necessarily starts and ends as a walk trip and is a
zero-emission mode of transport. It will reduce vehicle use or
short distance commuting.
• Walking enhances urbanity, lifestyle, and health.
• Footpath serves as both travel-ways and stopping areas.
Sufficient width, obstruction free walking zone is Obstructions in walking zone create less
desirable for easy movement. comfort for pedestrians
 Is this Safe for Pedestrians?????

Planning for whom?????????

5
Important aspects of Pedestrian Facility Design…

Pedestrian Characteristics

Physical Characteristics

User Characteristics
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Footpath surface

7
Footpath width

8
Obstructions

9
 Potential for
vehicle conflict

10
Continuity

11
 User Characteristics

Safety & Security

Provision of adequate street lighting, police patrolling during the night time and
sufficient activities on the surrounding areas to ensure safety.
Comfort
Provision of chairs /benches and rest rooms, location of trees, that adds to the
comfort of pedestrian.
Walk Environment

The footpath should be clean and free of stink.

Tactile paving in the line of travel avoiding Tactile paving on footpath leading to ramp and
obstructions crossing

Levelled crossing over cycle track Raised pedestrian crossings

Median pedestrian refuge on two-way road Median pedestrian refuge at light-controlled junction

Extending the footpath at a crossing Kerb ramps and crossings at roundabouts

Accessible parking with aisle space and kerb ramp Pedestrian facilities at transit area

Signage at transit area Pedestrian movement inside transit area

Flow Parameters for Sidewalks

Jam
Max Flow Optimum Optimum Space at
Free Flow Speed density
(ped/min/ Density Speed Capacity
(m/min) (ped/m
2)
m) (ped/ m2) (m/min) (m2/ped)

73.28 4.6 85 2.3 36.64 0.42

Flow Parameters for FOBs

Jam
Optimum Space at
densit Max Flow Optimum
Free Flow Speed Density Capacity
(m/min)
y (ped/min
(ped/
Speed
(m2/ped
Capacity
(ped/ /m) (m/min)
m2) )
m2)
60.39 3.41 51.63 1.71 30.20 0.5

Ref: Indo-Highway Capacity Manual,2018

 PLoS for Sidewalks (in terms of ped/min/m)

Recreation Residenti
LoS Commercial Institutional Terminal
al al

A ≤ 13 ≤ 13 ≤ 15 ≤ 12 ≤ 16

B > 13-19 > 13 - 19 > 15 – 26 > 12 - 20 > 16 - 23

C > 19-30 > 19 - 27 > 26 – 32 > 20 - 32 > 23 - 34

D > 30-47 > 27 - 36 > 32 - 68 > 32 - 54 > 34 - 47

E > 41-69 > 36 - 42 > 68 - 78 > 54 - 91 > 47 - 59

F Variable Variable Variable Variable Variable

 Pedestrian Delay
LOS
(s)
A ≤5
B > 5 - 10
C > 10 - 25
PLoS for Crosswalks
D > 25 - 45
E > 45 - 80
F > 80

LOS Space Flow Speed

(m2/ped) (ped/min/m) (m/min)
A ≥ 4.89 ≤ 12 ≥ 56.78
B > 3.3 - 4.9 > 12 – 17 > 55.03 - 56.78 PLoS for Foot Over Bridge
C > 1.9 - 3.3 > 17 – 27 > 51.08 - 55.03
D > 1.2 - 1.9 > 27 – 38 > 45.65 - 51.08
E > 0.6 - 1.2 > 38 – 52 > 30.91 - 45.65
F < 0.6 Variable < 30.91
Typology: FOOTPATH

DEAD WIDTH- CLEAR WIDTH- FURNITURE CYCLIST PATH - BUFFER

0.5 to 1.0 mt. 1.8 mt. min ZONE- 1.2 mt. ZONE -
variable (one way) variable
Minimum required clear footpath width for pedestrians:
As per Land use
REQUIRED WIDTH OF FOOTPATH AS PER ADJACENT LAND USE

Minimum obstacle free walkway width and Residential/

1.8m
Mixed Use Areas

Optimum Required Width 2m

Commercial/ Mixed Use Areas 2.5m

Shopping frontages 3.5m to 4.5m

Near Bus Stops 3m

High Intensity Commercial Areas 4m

Source: IRC 103-2012: Guidelines for pedestrian facilities

 Cycle tracks
• Cycle tracks are provided separately from motorised vehicular lanes in
order to ensure safety and comfort and are protected from
encroachments by parked vehicles, pedestrians and hawkers.

• Clear unobstructed cycle track with absolute width of 1.2m for one
way movement and at least 2.2m width for bidirectional movement.

• Cycle track should have adequate clearance from the bollards,

plantation, street furniture etc.

• Asphalt or concrete is recommended surface material for cycle track.

• Proper gradient should be provided in order to avoid water logging.

IMPORTANCE
• Cycle track provide easy and safe movements of bicycles and
reduces the conflicts between vehicular traffic.

• Reach and effectiveness of public transport can be improved.

• Cycling contributes to improving air quality and mitigating climate

change, noise reduction and improves physical health.
Source: AASHTO: Guide for the development of bicycle facilities
Cycle track can also provide adjacent to MFZ; Service Roads can be provided nearer to
frontage of access point for easy approach.
CLASSIFICATIONS OF URBAN ROADS :
Functional classification of urban roads based on with of Roads:

SR. NO. TYPE ROAD WIDTH

1 Arterial roads more than 36.00 mt.

36.00 mt. and less, but more

2 Sub-arterial roads
than 24.00 mt.
24.00 mt. and less, but more
3 Collector roads
than 12.00 mt.

4 Residential roads 12.00 mt. and less

TYPICAL CROSS SECTION : ARTERIAL ROADS (45.00 mt.)

A. WITHOUT BRTS: AT MID BLOCK

B. WITH BRTS: AT MID BLOCK

TYPICAL CROSS SECTION : ARTERIAL ROADS (24.00 mt.)

A. WITHOUT BRTS: AT MID BLOCK

B. WITH BRTS: AT MID BLOCK

TYPICAL CROSS SECTION : COLLECTOR ROADS

A. 18.00 Mt.: AT MID BLOCK

B. 15.00 mt.: AT MID BLOCK

TYPICAL CROSS SECTION: RESIDENTIAL ROADS

9.0 Mt.: AT MID BLOCK

7.5 Mt.: AT MID BLOCK

 HEDGES

PROVIDING HEDGES ALL ALONG THE EDGE OF FOOTPATH

OPTION-1
 HEDGES

DETAIL

OPTION-1
 TREES PLANTATION
WITH BOLLARDS

PROVIDING BOLLARDS AND TREES ALONG THE EDGE OF FOOTPATH

OPTION-2
 TREES
PLANTATION
WITH BOLLARDS

DETAIL

OPTION-2
 TREES PLANTATION
WITH ON-STREET
PARKING

PROVIDING TREES PLANTATION AND ON-STREET PARKING

OPTION-3
 TREES PLANTATION
WITH ON-STREET
PARKING

DETAIL

OPTION-3
Typical Access Layouts for Wayside Amenities / Land
uses / Service Road
Thanks!