CLASS – IX

GREEN SKILLS – I
Session 1: Society and Environment
1. What are the different natural resources available?

Answer – Natural resources can be solid, liquid or gas. These resources can be organic, inorganic,
metallic or non-metallic.

A. Land Resources – Agricultural, infrastructure development and residential land comes in

land resources.

b. Forest Resources – Forest is important to human beings, Some of the resources of forest are timber
resources, honey, horns, waxes and insecticides.

c. Water resources – Water covers about 75% of earth surface and is necessary for life. Water resources
like – Rivers, oceans, lakes, and underground water.

d. Mineral Resources – Mineral reserves are reducing every year through mining activities. We have to
reserve natural resources like petroleum, gas, copper, aluminum, water etc. Naturally mineral resources
are in three categories: solid, liquid or gas.

e. Food Resources – Plants serve food for many organisms. Resources that are used to make food are
called food resources. Agriculture is the main source of food resources.

f. Energy Resources – Heat, Power life or producing electricity is an energy resource. There are four
fundamental sources of energy.

Solar Energy

Gravity

Nuclear energy
Energy in the interior of the Earth

2. What are the different natural resources?

Answer – Different types of of natural resources are

a. Inexhaustible Resources – Inexhaustible resources cannot be finished by

humans for example sun energy, wind power and water.

b. Exhaustible Resources – Exhaustible resources are those resources which are

present in limited quantities. For example copper, coal, gold etc.

c. Renewable Resources – Renewable resources are constantly available and can

be replenished. For example water, sunlight, wind etc.

D. Non-renewable Resources – That type of resource which is not replaced easily. Examples minerals,
fuels

3. How do human activities damage the earth and environment?

Answer – Let see some of the human activity damaging the earth and environment-

a .. Over Exploitation – Our earth and environment exploitation has been increasing during recent years.
Now we are exploiting species, wood, and minerals more than natural production .

This affects directly or indirectly to the earth and environment. Example deforestation, Overfishing,
removal of trees and wild medicinal plants and over hunting.

b. Mining – The extraction of rich minerals from the ground is known as mining. Mining has an impact on
the soil and the ecosystem. Metals, minerals, and diamonds are some of the precious minerals mined
from the earth.

c. Deforestation – Damaging the forest or cutting down trees is known as deforestation. Deforestation
also affects the environment. For example, cutting down trees for agriculture, construction of houses.
D. Pollution – Pollution derived from the Latin word “polluere” meaning “to soil”. Pollution is the
process of making water, land and air dirty and not safe or suitable to use.

4.What is climate change?

Answer – Climate change means change in the environmental condition of the earth.

Human activities are the largest contribution of climate change and earth temperature by burning fossil
fuels, Increasing livestock farming, Fertilizers containing nitrogen and cutting down trees.

5. How does harmful radiation affect climate change?

Answer – Ozone layer protects earth from harmful radiation from the sun, Ozone layer is made of a gas.
Coolants in refrigerators, Air – conditioners and Cleaning chemicals directly affect the Ozone layer.

When ozone layer affects the harmful radiation comes to earth and increases health disorders.

6. What are natural disasters?

Answer – Natural disasters depend on climate change, when the climate change earthquakes, floods,
storms, landslides etc. affect the earth.

To save the earth and environment we need to educate people about the environment, through the
environment and for the environment.

7.How to save the environment?

Answer – There are three things people need to do to save the environment.

a. Reduce – If you manage waste management properly, if you reduce the use of unnecessary
products or items, buy items with minimal packaging, avoid buying plastic bags or plastic
products etc.

b.Reuse – Always try to reuse waste products in a different way or reprocessing. For example, making
pillow covers you can use old shirts or old ladies suits.

c. Recycling – Reusing some components of the waste that may have some economic
value. Paper, Metal, glass and plastics are recyclable. You can recycle the plastic, metal,
glass, and paper products.
 Session 2: Conserving Natural Resources

8.What is soil conservation?

Answer – Soil conservation means improving the soil fertility by adopting various methods.

Maintain the soil using natural fertilizers, adding manure and liquid fertilizer make the soil fertility
healthy.

Grazing should be allowed only on the specified areas.

Reforestation on the open space which can reduce soil erosion.

Dividing the slope into several flat areas to control the rapid run of water.

9.What is water conservation?

Answer – Water is essential for everyone, we have to conserve water. This will happen only when we
adopt the following methods.

Reforestation will help to hold water in the soil and help to formation of groundwater.

Rainwater harvesting should be used for storing rain water and recharging groundwater.

Dams and reservoirs can be used to supply water to the fields.

Sewage and Industrial wastes should be treated properly.

10. What is energy conservation?

Answer – Conservation of energy means saving the energy and using it efficiently. We use a lot of non-
renewable energy resources for our needs. We have to save them –

Use LED bulbs instead of using Tube light or normal bulbs.

Switch of fans, TV, lights and other electrical appliances when it is not used.

Using a pressure cooker to make food will save energy.

Keep the bulb and tubes clean.

Session 3: Sustainable Development and Green Economy

11. What is sustainable development and what are the goals?

Answer – Sustainable development is the development which doesn’t compromise the capacity of the
future generation to satisfy their needs.

In 1987 the first time sustainable development appeared in the Brundtland report. This was a warning to
all countries regarding environmental consequences, globalization and economic growth.

Sustainable Development goals are also known as Global goals. There are 17 goals in sustainable
development which were introduced in 2015.

There are total 17 Sustainable Development Goals are: :

Zero Hunger

No Poverty

Good Health and Well-Being

Quality Education

Climate action

Industry Innovation and Infrastructure

Gender Equality

Clean Water and Sanitation

Affordable and clean energy

Sustainable cities and communities

Decent work and economic growth

Reduce Inequalities

Responsible consumption and production

Life on land
Life below water

Partnerships for the goals

Peace, Justice and strong institutions

12. What is Green growth?

Answer – Green growth is an approach for achieving economic growth that is socially inclusive and
environmentally sustainable.

The Indian Government included Green growth in its vision, where ‘poverty eradication’ and green
growth is the focus point of the green economy.

13. What is a green economy?

Answer – In 1989 The Government of the United Kingdom introduced the ‘Green Economy’. As per the
UNEP definition the green economy one that results in reducing environmental risks, ecological
scarcities, improved human well-being, ecological scarcities, and social equity.

14. What are the components of a Green Economy?

Answer – The Green Economy includes the following components.

Renewable Energy

Green Building

Waste Management

Water Management

Land Management

Well – Managed transportation

15. What do you mean by Green Skills?

Answer – The skills required for promoting the Green Economy are known as green skills (Green Skills
Class 9). For example sewer water treatment, renewable energy, climate resilient cities, green
construction, or solid waste management etc.
16. What are Green Jobs?

Answer – Many companies create jobs to decrease environmental issues due to factories or waste
management.

This company required a person to preserve or restore the environment in the natural way that is Green
Jobs.

17. What are the Green Projects?

Answer – To Save the environment, many organizations are taking initiatives. They are implementing
Waste management, Energy conservation, Biofuel use, Green sanitation, Green Building etc.

18.Explain the importance of education on sustainable development.

Education is the most important factors for sustainable development. Children who have gone to school
will be able to do jobs so that they can take care of themselves and their families. Education helps us
become aware of our role as a responsible citizen. We should

1. use the facilities present in our areas.

2. take our friends to school.

3. help friends study.

4. stop friends from dropping out of school.

19. List some ways in which we can use resources sensibly

We can become responsible for our own environment by

1. reusing paper, glass, plastic, water, etc.

2. taking cloth bags to market carrying fruits and vegetables.

3. donate things we do not use such as clothes, books, furniture, food, etc.

4. Buy and eat seasonal fruits and vegetables from local growers.

5. Repair leaking taps and pipes to avoid wasting water.

6. Sort and treat garbage before disposing of.

20. Why do you think the United Nations has made the 17 Sustainable Development Goals?
The 17 SDGs have been made to take care of important issues facing businesses, governments and
society. Some of these issues are poverty, gender equality, water use, energy, climate change and
biodiversity. Countries are now making policies and regulations that will promote sustainable systems
needed in all economic sectors to provide a

Secure, affordable and sustainable economy.

21.What do you mean by the ecosystem?

Answer: An ecosystem is a functional unit of nature, where living organisms (biotic environment)
interact with each other and also with their abiotic environment. We can divide ecosystems into two
main categories- terrestrial ecosystems and aquatic ecosystems.

22. Write some measures to protect the environment.

Answer: Some measures to protect the environment:

1. Using alternative sources of power such as solar and wind energy.

2. Conserving and cleaning water.

3. Growing plants and reforestation.

4. Protecting wildlife and aquatic animals.

5. Using the 4 R’s

6. Developing a Green economy.

23. What is the importance of green economy?

Answer:

1. It respects planetary boundaries or ecological limits and scarcity of resources.

2. It helps to protect biodiversity and ecosystems.

3. It is resource and energy efficient and it promotes low carbon emissions.

4. It delivers poverty reduction, human well-being, livelihoods, social protection and access to essential
services.

24. Write a short note on the 4 R’s.

Answer: 4 R’s are Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Recover. Reduce is to limit the amount of waste that we
create. Reuse means to use something again that we normally throw away. Recycle means that we make
efforts to recycle non-biodegradable waste like plastics, glass, metals, etc. Recover means to convert
waste into resources(such as electricity, heat, compost and fuel).

25. Write the do’s and don’ts to become a green citizen.

Answer:

Do’s:

1. Turn off the lights, fans and air-conditioners when you leave a room.

2. Save water

3. Say no to plastic

4. Use LED and CFL lights

5. Carry a cloth bag for shopping

Don’ts:

1. Don’t waste water

2. Don’t waste electricity

3. Don’t use plastic

4. Do not buy products that use a lot of packing.

Fill in the blanks.

1. Everything that surrounds us is called the ________________.

Answer: Environment

2. Human beings, plants, animals and other living beings are examples of __________.

Answer: Biotic components

3. Land, water, soil, air and sunlight are ______________components.

Answer: Abiotic

4. An ___________ is the functional unit of nature, where living organisms interact with each other
and with their physical environment.

Answer: Ecosystem
 5. The forests, grasslands and deserts are the examples of __________ecosystem.

Answer: Terrestrial

6. _____ refers to any change or disturbance to the environment perceived to be deleterious or

undesirable.

Answer: Environmental degradation

7. Cutting down of trees on a large scale is termed as _____________.

Answer: Deforestation

8. Growing plants of trees on a large scale is termed as ________________.

Answer: Reforestation

9. The 4 R’s means______________.

Answer: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Recover

10. A ___________ economy is low carbon, resource efficient and socially inclusive.

Answer: Green

11. The excess amount of __________ gases lead to global warming.

Answer: CO2, SO2

Multiple choice questions. Tick the correct answer.

1. Which of these is a green house gas?

a. O2 b. H2 c. CO2 d. N2

Answer: CO2

2. Plants and animals are examples of :

a. Natural resources b. artificial resources c. minerals d. none of these

Answer: Natural resources

3. The cutting down of trees on a large scale is termed as:

a. reforestation b. deforestation c. global warming d. climate change

Answer: Deforestation

4. Rain harvesting is a method of :

a. soil conservation b. air conservation c. water conservation d. plant conservation

Answer: Water conservation

5. Plants take in ________ gas that helps reducing air pollution.

a. NH3 b. H2 c. CO2 d. NO2

Answer: CO2

6. To protect and conserve the environment we should adopt:

a. white economy b. black economy c. red economy d. green economy

Answer: Green Economy

7. Which of the following is not a natural resource?

a. coal b. electricity c. petroleum d. soil

Answer: Electricity

8. Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?

a. coal b. petroleum c. sunlight d. none

Answer: Sunlight

9. Which of the following is a feature of the green economy?

a. environment friendly b. save ecosystem c. energy efficient d. all are correct

Answer: All the correct

10. The world environment day is celebrated on _________ every year.

a. 5th june b. 5th july c. 5th august d. 5th september

Answer: 5th June