STARTER

ACTIVTY

You You
think think
that your DNA
humans have
You
You
You think
think
think that humans
chromosomes
thathomologous
there has
contains
23 pairs almost
of 3.5are two
billion
more chromosomes
contains
sex chromosomes genes
X than
and a
Y.
base pairs..
chromosomes
potato.
CHROMOSOMES
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
Describe the structure of chromosomes.
Explain the difference between allele, genes, and genome.
SUCCESS CRITERIA

I CAN understand I CAN identify a

I CAN give
how DNA is haploid, diploid,
examples of genes
arranged into homologous
and allele.
chromosomes. chromosomes.
A human’s DNA
contains almost 3.5
billion base pairs.

Why is it essential for DNA to coil

and form a chromosome?

What is the protein involve in this

coiling?
WHAT IS A KARYOTYPE?

A karyotype is a
picture of all the
chromosomes in
the cell.
 A gene is a portion of DNA that determines a
certain trait. An allele is a specific form of a gene.

GENES Allele
A. Fur Color ■ Brown or white
■ Black or brown
B. Eye Color
■ Small or Big
C. Body size
■ Short or long
D. Type of fur
TASK1 TASK2 TASK 3
TASK 1
 a) How many chromosome are
TASK there in total?
2 b) How many homologous
chromosomes are there?
c) What does x and y
chromosomes represent?
d) Can we determine the number
of genes in this karyotype?

Homologous pair – pair of

matching chromosomes
Haploid – single set of a
chromosome
Diploid – chromosomes in pair
 TASK 3
Assign a specific gene for Gene A, B, C. In each
gene give 2 examples of an allele.

A gene is a portion of DNA that determines a

certain trait. An allele is a specific form of a gene.
WHAT IF

■ What if two alleles

for fur color (white) x
(red) are present in
the chromosome of an
organism? What will
be the result or
characteristic of the
organism?
COLLABORATIVE TASK

1. Create the correct karyotype

for Mike. (4 marks)
2. Assign 1 gene in each pair of
chromosomes. (label it A-D)
(4 marks)
3. Assign 2 allele for each gene.
(4 marks)
Mike is a male organism with 8 chromosomes.
GENES
■ A – eye color Allele
■ B – skin color A – brown or black
B - blue or green
■ C – spots
C – purple or red
■ D – mouth shape D – wide or narrow
■ E - tail length E – long or short
■ F – arms F – long or short

Sully is a male organism with 8 chromosomes.

CRITICAL THINKING

■ What do you think will

happen if a person is
missing or have an
extra part of
chromosome?