Penuela, Joshua F.

GNED 10
BSIT 2-1 Assignment 2

Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression

Despite considerable legal and societal improvements during the last two decades,
lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, and queer (LGBTI) persons endure persistent
discrimination and violence in many nations. Discrimination and violence result in exclusion, which
harms both the lives of LGBTIQ+ persons and the communities and economy in which they reside.
According to mounting data, LGBTQI+ individuals have poorer educational achievements as a
result of discrimination, bullying, and violence; greater unemployment rates; and a lack of access
to sufficient housing, health care, and financial services. It is very challenging in many nations to
address LGBTQI+ exclusion, prejudice, and violence. To begin with, there is a deeply embedded
stigma towards LGBTQI+ persons. Another major cause is the lack of an appropriate legislative
environment, which is frequently the outcome of such stigma. At the moment, homosexuality is
illegal in 67 nations.

SOGIE concerns are now addressed in many strategy papers, including Systematic
Country Diagnostics and Country Partnership Frameworks. There are more chances to enhance
SOGI inclusion through access to justice, education, a wide variety of health services, labor, and
financial markets, and violence prevention (both bullying in schools and other forms of violence).
WHO (World Health Organization)'s assistance to the Member States is based on the core human
rights concept that all people, including those with SOGIE, should have equal access to health
care. The adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, with its pledge to "leave no
one behind," based on the normative framework of international human rights law, has
emphasized the importance of understanding and improving the health and well-being of
LGBTQI+ people, who are frequently left behind. WHO creates recommendations, technical
assistance, and research to improve LGBTQI+ inclusive health services and policy. Certain
practices and laws, such as the criminalization of homosexuality, denial of same-sex marriage
rights, and gender identity recognition, have a particularly negative impact on the human rights of
LGBTQI+ people. The social, political, and legal landscape in nations all over the world shifts
often on these topics, sometimes boosting recognition of LGBTQI+ people's rights and sometimes
reducing respect for those rights. International human rights legislation in this area is evolving,
largely in favor of greater protection for LGBTQ+ people.

LGBTQI+ focus group conversations influenced a Country Gender Assessment in the

Philippines. The need of knowing local gender identities and conventions, as well as the need for
greater data collecting and study on SOGIE concerns, were among the lessons learned. The
"Youth Employment Program" in Argentina assisted the government in enhancing the capacity of
Municipal Employment Offices and other agencies to use "gender savvy" methods in the provision
of employment services and other interventions to youth. A pilot component explicitly looked at
lowering obstacles to these services for transgender persons. The SOGIE Bill, which is now in
the Senate, seeks to protect individuals from discrimination based on sexual identity and
preference. Except for religious expression, it covers a variety of issues, including verbal abuse
directed at members of the LGBTQI+ community. It also avoids arbitrary judgment by making the
revealing of a person's sexual identity without consent unlawful. Furthermore, organizations like
hospitals and schools must accept customers regardless of their gender orientation. The SOGIE
Bill also protects gender expression by dispelling the myth that it is a mental condition. Forced
psychological or physical evaluations of sexual orientation are now illegal.