Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 20

Revista Cartográfica 93 julio-diciembre 2016:97-116

0$3&DUWDJHQDPHWRGRORJtDSDUDHOPDSHRGH
DVHQWDPLHQWRVSUHFDULRVXVDQGR2SHQ6WUHHW0DS

1DWDOLDGD6LOYHLUD$UUXGD 
+XPEHUWR<DQFHV 

Recibido el 25 de febrero 2016; aceptado el 22 de septiembre de 2016

$EVWUDFW
7KLVDUWLFOHGHVFULEHVWKHPHWKRGRORJ\FUHDWHGZLWKLQWKH3LORW3URMHFW0$3&DUWD
JHQDRI7(&+21*2IRUVOXPVPDSSLQJXVLQJ2SHQ6WUHHW0DSDJOREDOFRPPX
QLW\WKDWJHQHUDWHVDQGUHOHDVHVJHRJUDSKLFGDWDDVRSHQGDWDFRQVLGHUHGWKH:LN
LSHGLD RI PDSV 1DUUDWHV WKH VHTXHQWLDO VWHSV IRU FUHDWLQJ DQG MRLQLQJ JHRJUDSKLF
DQG SRSXODWLRQ GDWD JHQHUDWLQJ DV UHVXOW UHOHYDQW VSDWLDO LQGLFDWRUV DQG PDSV RI
PDLQ SUREOHPV H[SRVHG E\ FRPPXQLWLHV 6R WKDW VHUYH DV LQSXW IRU WKH HVWDEOLVK
PHQWRIDFRPPXQLW\SURILOHDQGXOWHULRULQWHUYHQWLRQIRUFRPPXQLW\GHYHORSPHQW
 .H\ ZRUGV digital and participatory cartographic, voluntary work, slums,
community profile, community development.

5HVXPR
2SUHVHQWHDUWLJRGHVFUHYHDPHWRGRORJLDFULDGDDRLQWHULRUGR3URMHWR3LORWR0$3
&DUWDJHQDGD21*7(&+2SDUDRPDSHDPHQWRGHDVVHQWDPHQWRVSUHFiULRVXWLOL
]DQGR FRPR PHLR GH DSRLR 2SHQ6WUHHW0DS XPD FRPXQLGDGH JOREDO TXH JHUD H
OLEHUDGDGRVJHRJUiILFRVFRPRGDGRVDEHUWRVFRQVLGHUDGDD:LNLSpGLDGRVPDSDV
1DUUDRVSDVVRVVHTXHQFLDLVSDUDDFULDomRHDMXQomRGHGDGRVJHRJUiILFRVHSRSX
ODFLRQDLV JHUDQGR FRPR UHVXOWDGRV LQGLFDGRUHV HVSDFLDLV H PDSDV SHUWLQHQWHV DRV
SULQFLSDLV SUREOHPDV H[SRVWRV SHODV FRPXQLGDGHV GH PRGR TXH VLUYD FRPR LQSXW


 &RRUGLQDGRUD GHO 3UR\HFWR 3LORWR 0$3 &DUWDJHQD HQ 7(&+2 &DUWDJHQD DUTXLWHFWD \ XUEDQLVWD
PiVWHU HQ 3ODQHDFLyQ 7HUULWRULDO 8UEDQtVWLFD \ 3DLVDMtVWLFR$PELHQWDO FRUUHR HOHFWUyQLFR
QDWLGVD#JPDLOFRP
 0LHPEUR9RWDQWHGH+XPDQLWDULDQ2SHQ6WUHHW0DS7HDP +27 HFRQRPLVWD\PiVWHUHQ*HVWLyQ
GHO&RQRFLPLHQWR$VHVRUYROXQWDULRSDUDODPHWRGRORJtDGH PDSHRGHOSUR\HFWR0$3&DUWDJHQD
FRUUHRHOHFWUyQLFRKXPEHUWR\DQFHV#RSHQVWUHHWPDSFR
 Natalia da Silveira Arruda y Humberto Yances MAP Cartagena: metodología para el mapeo…

SDUD R HVWDEHOHFLPHQWR GR SHUILO FRPXQLWiULR H IDVHV SRVWHULRUHV GH LQWHUYHQomR


YLVDQGRRGHVHQYROYLPHQWRGDFRPXQLGDGH
 3DODYUDVFKDYHcartografia digital y participativa, voluntariado, assentamentos
precários, perfil comunitário, desenvolvimento comunitário.

5HVXPHQ
(O SUHVHQWH DUWtFXOR GHVFULEH OD PHWRGRORJtD FUHDGD DO LQWHULRU GHO 3UR\HFWR 3LORWR
0$3 &DUWDJHQD GH OD 21* 7(&+2 SDUD HO PDSHR GH DVHQWDPLHQWRV SUHFDULRV
XVDQGR2SHQ6WUHHW0DSXQDFRPXQLGDGJOREDOTXHJHQHUD\OLEHUDGDWRVJHRJUiIL
FRV FRPR GDWRV DELHUWRV FRQVLGHUDGD FRPR OD :LNLSHGLD GH ORV PDSDV 1DUUD ORV
SDVRV VHFXHQFLDOHV SDUD OD FUHDFLyQ \ XQLyQ GH GDWRV JHRJUiILFRV \ SREODFLRQDOHV
JHQHUDQGRFRPRUHVXOWDGRLQGLFDGRUHVHVSDFLDOHV\PDSDVSHUWLQHQWHVDORVSULQFL
SDOHV SUREOHPDV TXH H[SRQHQ ODV FRPXQLGDGHV 'H IRUPD TXH VLUYD FRPR LQVXPR
SDUDODFRQVWLWXFLyQGHXQSHUILOFRPXQLWDULR\XOWHULRUHVIDVHVGHLQWHUYHQFLyQSDUD
HOGHVDUUROORFRPXQLWDULR
 3DODEUDVFODYHcartografía digital y participativa, voluntariado, asentamientos
precarios, perfil comunitario, desarrollo comunitario.

,QWURGXFFLyQ
(O 3UR\HFWR 3LORWR 0$3&DUWDJHQD QDFH HQ  D WUDYpV GH OD LQLFLDWLYD GH XQ
JUXSRGHYROXQWDULRVGHOD21*7(&+2FRQHOREMHWRGHUHVSRQGHUDODGHPDQGD
KHFKDSRUSDUWHGHDOJXQRVSREODGRUHVGH,VODGH/HyQ FRPXQLGDGTXHVHHQFXHQWUD
HQ XQD VLWXDFLyQ GH LQIRUPDOLGDG \ VXEQRUPDOLGDG SDUD QRPEUDU \ QXPHUDU VXV
FDOOHV\FDVDV
 7(&+2HVXQDRUJDQL]DFLyQTXHEXVFDVXSHUDUODVLWXDFLyQGHSREUH]DHQTXH
YLYHQ PLOHV GH SHUVRQDV HQ ORV DVHQWDPLHQWRV SUHFDULRV IRPHQWDQGR HO GHVDUUROOR
FRPXQLWDULRDWUDYpVGHODDFFLyQFRQMXQWDGHVXVSREODGRUHV\MyYHQHVYROXQWDULRV
,QLFLyHQKR\ HQ ODRUJDQL]DFLyQPDQWLHQHRSHUDFLRQHVHQSDtVHVGH
/DWLQRDPpULFD\HO&DULEH
 (Q&RORPELD7(&+2GHFLGLyDFHUFDUVHDODFLXGDGGH&DUWDJHQDGH,QGLDVHQ
 FRQVWUX\HQGR YLYLHQGDV GH HPHUJHQFLD HQ HO EDUULR )UHGRQLD 'HVGH 
LQLFLyVXSURFHVRGHFRQVROLGDFLyQHQODFLXGDGWUDEDMDQGRHQDFFLyQFRQMXQWDFRQ



 0DSHRGH$VHQWDPLHQWRV3UHFDULRV

 (Q&RORPELDXQEDUULRVXEQRUPDOHVGHILQLGRFRPRXQ³DVHQWDPLHQWRKXPDQRXELFDGRHQODVFDEH
FHUDVGHPXQLFLSLRVRGLVWULWRV>«@4XHQRWHQJDVHUYLFLRS~EOLFRGRPLFLOLDULRGHHQHUJtDHOpFWULFDR
TXHHVWHVHREWHQJDDWUDYpVGHGHULYDFLRQHVGHO6LVWHPDGH'LVWULEXFLyQ/RFDORGHXQD$FRPHWLGD
HIHFWXDGDVVLQDSUREDFLyQGHOUHVSHFWLYR2SHUDGRUGH5HG´R³«GRQGHHVWpSURKLELGRSUHVWDUHOVHU
YLFLRVHJ~QORSUHYLVWRHQHODUWtFXORGHOD/H\GH´6HJ~Q'HFUHWRGH
Revista Cartográfica 93 julio-diciembre 2016 

MyYHQHVYROXQWDULRV\SREODGRUHVGHORVDVHQWDPLHQWRVPiVSUHFDULRVFRPR,VODGH
/HyQHQHOEDUULR(O3R]yQ
 'HVSXpVGHXQODUJRSURFHVRGHWUDEDMRFRQHVWDFRPXQLGDGDWUDYpVGHODFRQV
WUXFFLyQGHYLYLHQGDVGHHPHUJHQFLD SULPHUD\SULQFLSDOIDVHGHWUDEDMRGHODRUJD
QL]DFLyQ SDXODWLQDPHQWHHVWDIXHGHPRVWUDQGRLQWHUpVHQUHFLELUDSR\RHQWHPiWL
FDVKDVWDHOPRPHQWRGHVFRQRFLGDVSDUDHOORV5D]yQTXHJHVWyODLGHDGHLQLFLDUOD
IDVHGHGHVDUUROORFRPXQLWDULRVXEVHFXHQWHDORVWUDEDMRVTXHYHQtDGHVDUUROODQGROD
RUJDQL]DFLyQ $SDUHFLHQGR HO UHTXLULHQGR GH XQ QXHYR HVODEyQ SDUD OD WUDQVLFLyQ
HQWUHXQDIDVH\RWUDHVDOOtFXDQGRVHFRQIRUPDHQWRQFHVHO3UR\HFWR3LORWR0$3
&DUWDJHQD
 'HELGR D ODV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV GH LQIRUPDOLGDG \ VXEQRUPDOLGDG TXH SUHVHQWD HO
DVHQWDPLHQWRVHLGHQWLILFDURQODVPLVPDVFRPRHOSUREOHPDGHIRQGRTXHFRQOOHYD
DTXHODFRPXQLGDGQRWHQJDXQVLVWHPDGHQRPHQFODWXUDHQVXVFDOOHV²HOPLVPR
SUREOHPDTXHFRQOOHYDDODIDOWDGHWRGRVORVGHPiVVHUYLFLRVS~EOLFRV3RUVXLQ
IRUPDOLGDG,VODGH/HyQQRDSDUHFHHQQLQJ~QVLVWHPDGHSODQHDFLyQXUEDQDHQOD
FLXGDG GH &DUWDJHQD QL HQ HO VLVWHPD GH FDWDVWUR GHO ,*$&QL HQ OD SODWDIRUPD
0,'$63DUWLHQGRGHHVHDQiOLVLVSUHYLRVHGHFLGLyDPSOLDUORVREMHWLYRVGHOSUR
\HFWRPiVDOOiGHORVROLFLWDGRSRUODFRPXQLGDG\DEDUFDUHOWHPDGHTXHODFRPX
QLGDGGH,VODGH/HyQQRVHHQFXHQWUDHQQLQJ~QVLVWHPDFDUWRJUiILFR
 (OSUR\HFWRSLORWRVXUJHGHHVHPRGRDVXPLHQGRFRPRREMHWLYRSULQFLSDOLGHQWL
ILFDUORFDOL]DU\JHRUUHIHUHQFLDUQRVyORHODVHQWDPLHQWRLQIRUPDOGH,VODGH/HyQ
FRPR XQ WRGR VLQR WDPELpQ FDGD FDOOH \ YLYLHQGD SUHVHQWH FRQIRUPiQGRVH HVWH
FRPSRQHQWHFRPRXQUHOHYRSRVWHULRUKDFLDODIDVHGHGHVDUUROORFRPXQLWDULR
 2WURVREMHWLYRVGHOSUR\HFWRIXHURQLQYROXFUDUDORVSREODGRUHVGHODFRPXQLGDG
FRPRPHFDQLVPRSDUWLFLSDWLYRLQWHJUDUDODVYLYLHQGDV FRPRHOHPHQWRVHVSDFLDOHV 
FRQGDWRVGHOD(QFXHVWDGH&DUDFWHUL]DFLyQGH+RJDUHV (&+ GHQWURGHXQ6LVWH
PDGH,QIRUPDFLyQ*HRJUiILFD 6,* OHYDQWDUHOSHUILOGHODFRPXQLGDGLQFOX\HQ
GRVXKLVWRULDGHVFULELHQGRHODFFHVRDVHUYLFLRVS~EOLFRV\VXLQIUDHVWUXFWXUD\SRU
~OWLPR FRPSDUWLU HO PDSD ORV GDWRV \ ORV UHVXOWDGRV JHQHUDGRV FRQ OD PLVPD FR
PXQLGDG\DOS~EOLFRHQJHQHUDOWUDYpVGHXQDSODWDIRUPDRQOLQH
 'HHVWDPDQHUDVHHVSHUDIRPHQWDUODUHVLOLHQFLD\HOGHVDUUROORFRPXQLWDULRGH
IRUPD TXH OD FRPXQLGDG PLVPD ORJUH LGHQWLILFDU VXV SUREOHPiWLFDV \ EXVFDU ODV
VROXFLRQHVSHUWLQHQWHVHPSH]DQGRDSUHRFXSDUVHSRUVXSODQHDFLyQ\GHVDUUROOR
 (QHOSURFHVRGHGHVDUUROORPHWRGROyJLFRGHOSUR\HFWRSLORWRHODFHUFDPLHQWRDO
PpWRGR\DODVKHUUDPLHQWDVGHWUDEDMRGHO(TXLSR+XPDQLWDULRGH2SHQ6WUHHW0DS
+27SRUVXVVLJODVHQLQJOpV VHGLRDSDUWLUGHOFRQRFLPLHQWRGHODH[LVWHQFLDGH



(O ,QVWLWXWR *HRJUiILFR $JXVWtQ &RGD]]L HODERUD \ DFWXDOL]D HO PDSD RILFLDO GH OD 5HS~EOLFD GH
&RORPELD(MHFXWDSODQHVGHJRELHUQRHQPDWHULDGHFDUWRJUDItDDJURORJtDFDWDVWUR\JHRJUDItD

 0DSDLQWHUDFWLYRGHODFLXGDGTXHSHUPLWHODFRQVXOWDGHODQRUPDWLYDUHIHUHQWHDO3ODQGH2UGHQD
PLHQWR7HUULWRULDOGH&DUWDJHQD
 Natalia da Silveira Arruda y Humberto Yances MAP Cartagena: metodología para el mapeo…

XQSUR\HFWRGHPDSHRFRPXQLWDULRHQ/D%RTXLOOD <DQFHV XQDFRPXQLGDG


GHSHVFDGRUHVFRQFHUFDGHDxRVGHKLVWRULDFHUFDQDDODFLXGDGGH&DUWDJHQD
GH,QGLDV
 (OHQWUHOD]DPLHQWRGHODVPHWRGRORJtDVGHWUDEDMRGHDPEDVLQVWLWXFLRQHVFRQVWL
WX\yXQQXHYR UHWRSDUD HO SUR\HFWRSLORWR WUDEDMDU OD LQIRUPDFLyQ UHFROHFWDGD HQ
FDPSRGHIRUPDJHRUUHIHUHQFLDGDFUHDQGRXQDOtQHDVHFXHQFLDOHQWUHODVGLIHUHQWHV
DFWLYLGDGHVHQODVHWDSDVGHOPRGHORGHWUDEDMRGHODRUJDQL]DFLyQ\SHUPLWLHQGROD
FRQVWDQWHYLVXDOL]DFLyQGHORVGDWRV

'HVFULSFLyQGHOiUHDJHRJUiILFDGHHVWXGLR
/D FRPXQLGDG GH ,VOD GH /HyQ HV XQ SHTXHxR DVHQWDPLHQWR SUHFDULR GH XQDV 
KHFWiUHDVXELFDGRHQHOVHFWRU(O3R]yQ]RQDVXURULHQWDOGHODFLXGDGGH&DUWDJHQD
GH,QGLDVFROLQGDQWHFRQOD&LpQDJDGHOD9LUJHQXQDODJXQDFRVWHUDXELFDGDVREUH
HOVHFWRUQRUWHGHODFLXGDG\VHSDUDGDGHOPDUSRUHOFRUGyQGHDUHQDVGHOFRUUHJL
PLHQWRGH/D%RTXLOOD7LHQHIRUPDWULDQJXODUHVWUHFKDHQHOQRUWH\DPSOLDHQHO
VXUFRQXQDDQFKXUDPi[LPDGHNLOyPHWURV\XQDORQJLWXGGHNLOyPHWURV




)LJXUD /RFDOL]DFLyQ GHO DVHQWDPLHQWR GH ,VOD GH /HyQ HQ OD FLXGDG GH &DUWDJHQD GH
,QGLDV
)XHQWH0$3&DUWDJHQD2SHQVWUHHW0DS
Revista Cartográfica 93 julio-diciembre 2016 

 'XUDQWHYDULDVGpFDGDV²\KDVWDDQWHVGHODHQWUDGDHQRSHUDFLyQGHOHPLVDULR
VXEPDULQRDILQDOHVGH²HOGHODVDJXDVUHVLGXDOHVGRPpVWLFDVGH&DUWD
JHQD ²\ DFWXDOPHQWH² HO VHGLPHQWR SURGXFLGR SRU OD HURVLyQ GHO FHUUR GH /D
3RSD \ ODV EDVXUDV VyOLGDV SURYHQLHQWHV GH FDxRV LQWHULRUHV GHVHPERFDQ HQ HVWD
FLpQDJD/D]RQDVXURULHQWDOGHODFLXGDGDRULOODVGHODFLpQDJDDOEHUJDDOGH
VXSREODFLyQHQVXPD\RUtDGHVSOD]DGD\FRQVWLWX\HHOiUHDGHPD\RULPSDFWRHQ
ODVpSRFDVLQYHUQDOHV $UFLHUL* 
 (QHOSURFHVRGHFUHFLPLHQWRQRSODQLILFDGRGHODFLXGDGODH[FOXVLyQVLVWHPiWL
FDGHXQDSDUWHGHODVRFLHGDGFRQOOHYDQRVyORDXQDH[FOXVLyQVRFLDOVLQRWDPELpQ
HVSDFLDO 3DUDHO DxR GH ORVEDUULRV TXH H[LVWtDQ HQ&DUWDJHQD HUDQ LQ
IRUPDOHV /RV DVHQWDPLHQWRV VXEQRUPDOHV UHDOL]DGRV GXUDQWH ORV DxRV VHVHQWD VH
WHQWD\RFKHQWDH[SOLFDQHOGHODH[SDQVLyQUHJLVWUDGDHQODFLXGDGGHVGHPH
GLDGRVGHOVLJORSDVDGR 3URJUDPDGHODV1DFLRQHV8QLGDVSDUDHO0HGLR$PELHQWH
²3180$ HVWRVWLHQGHQDFRQFHQWUDUVHHQiUHDVSHULIpULFDVGRQGHHODFFHVR
DOVXHORGHEHGDUVHDWUDYpVGHPHFDQLVPRVDOWHUQDWLYRVDVtFRPRODVDWLVIDFFLyQGH
ODVQHFHVLGDGHVEiVLFDV
 ,VODGH/HyQHVWiURGHDGDSRUFDxRVHQWUHVGHORVFXDWURODGRVGHVXSHUtPHWUR
SRUORFXDOIUHFXHQWHPHQWHVHLQXQGD\DKDELHQGRGHMDGRDODFRPXQLGDGFRPSOH
WDPHQWH DLVODGD GXUDQWH OD IXHUWH WHPSRUDGD LQYHUQDO GH  SRU HO IHQyPHQR GH
/D1LxD(ODVHQWDPLHQWRVHSDUDGRGHOEDUULR(O3R]yQSRUXQSXHQWHGHFLPLHQWR\
XQRVSXHQWHVGHPDGHUDLPSURYLVDGRVSRUODFRPXQLGDGHULJLGRHQWHUUHQRVGRQGH
DQWHVFUHFtDQFXOWLYRVGHDUUR]HPSH]yDSREODUVHGXUDQWHODGpFDGDGHORVRFKHQWD
SRUSHUVRQDVTXHYHQtDQGHRWURV PXQLFLSLRV GH %ROtYDUR GHOUHVWRGHO&DULEH OD
PD\RUtDGHVSOD]DGRVSRUODYLROHQFLD\IXHURQUHOOHQDQGRHOFHQDJDOFRQEDVXUDV\
DVHUUtQSDUDOHYDQWDUVXVFDVDVFRQPDWHULDOHVLPSURYLVDGRV %ULWR 
 ,VODGH/HyQHVXQDFRPXQLGDGTXHSUHVHQWDXQFDUiFWHUPX\GLQiPLFRHQIXQ
FLyQGHODVUHSHWLGDVRFXSDFLRQHVTXHVXIUHDVtFRPRGHORVGHVSOD]DPLHQWRVGHORV
SREODGRUHV KDFLD RWURV EDUULRV DOHGDxRV HQ ORV SHUtRGRV GH LQXQGDFLyQ 6LPLODU D
RWUDV FRPXQLGDGHV LQIRUPDOHV HQ &RORPELD UHFLELy \ VLJXH UHFLELHQGR D PXFKDV
SHUVRQDVGHVSOD]DGDVGHRWUDVUHJLRQHVGHOSDtV/DPD\RUtDYLHQHQGHPRGRIRU]R
VRSRUORVSUREOHPDVGHODYLROHQFLD
 (OWUDEDMRTXH\DYHQtDGHVDUUROODQGROD21*7(&+2HQORVGRVDxRVGHYLVLWD
D ,VOD GH /HyQ SHUPLWLy TXH VH LQLFLDUD HO SUR\HFWR FRQ XQ FLHUWR FRQRFLPLHQWR
SUHYLRGHODFRPXQLGDGWHQLHQGRHODSR\R\ODFRQILDQ]DGHORVSREODGRUHVHQORV
YROXQWDULRV $VLPLVPR D SHVDU GH WHQHU XQ FRQRFLPLHQWR VLJQLILFDWLYR VREUH OD
FRPXQLGDGHQHVHPRPHQWRVHFUHtDTXHHODVHQWDPLHQWRHVWXYLHUDFRQIRUPDGRSRU
FHUFDYLYLHQGDV\QRVHFRQWDEDFRQQLQJ~QHVWXGLRVRFLRHVWDGtVWLFRTXHUHFR
SLODUDODLQIRUPDFLyQH[LVWHQWH

 Natalia da Silveira Arruda y Humberto Yances MAP Cartagena: metodología para el mapeo…

0HWRGRORJtD
&RQVWDGHWUHVHWDSDVXQDSULPHUDHVODVRFLDOL]DFLyQGHODVPHWRGRORJtDVWpFQLFDV
FRQ OD FRPXQLGDG GH IRUPD TXH HVWDV YD\DQ DOLQHDGDV D VXV UHTXHULPLHQWRV OD
VHJXQGD GH FDUWRJUDItD YROXQWDULD \ XQD WHUFHUD SDUD OD LQWHJUDFLyQ GH ORV GDWRV
JHRJUiILFRVFRQORVGDWRVSREODFLRQDOHVGHOD(QFXHVWDGH&DUDFWHUL]DFLyQGH+RJD
UHV (&+  FRQVWLWX\HQGR HVWH ~OWLPR HQODFH OD QRYHGDG SDUD OD FRQVWUXFFLyQ GHO
SHUILOFRPXQLWDULRDOXVDUGDWRVJHRJUiILFRVDELHUWRVGH2SHQ6WUHHW0DS

Involucramiento con la comunidad
(V XQ SURFHVR LQWHUDWLYR D OR ODUJR GH OD HMHFXFLyQ HQ FDGD XQR GH ORV KLWRV GHO
SUR\HFWRVHLQYROXFUDDODFRPXQLGDG(QSULPHUDLQVWDQFLDVHSUHVHQWDODPHWRGR
ORJtDDQWHVXVOtGHUHVRUHSUHVHQWDQWHVVLQRH[LVWHXQDDVDPEOHDGHSREODGRUHVSDUD
ODSDUWLFLSDFLyQ\YDOLGDFLyQGHUHVXOWDGRVHVHQHVWDHWDSDGRQGHVHGHILQHXQD
 $SDUWLUGHHVWHHVWDEOHFLPLHQWRGHHTXLSRVGHWUDEDMRVPL[WRVHQWUHOD21*\
OD FRPXQLGDG FRQWLQ~DQ DFWLYLGDGHV GH VHQVLELOL]DFLyQ DWHQGLHQGR D GRV JUXSRV
GLIHUHQFLDGRVXQSULPHUJUXSRFRQODFRPXQLGDGDGXOWDGH,VODGH/HyQ\XQVH
JXQGR JUXSR FRQ QLxRV &RQ OD FRPXQLGDG DGXOWD VH UHDOL]DQ DFWLYLGDGHV SDUD OD
LQWURGXFFLyQDODOHFWXUDGHPDSDVHLPiJHQHVDpUHDVFRQHOREMHWRGHLQIRUPDUHO
DOFDQFH\HOSRWHQFLDOGHHVWDVKHUUDPLHQWDVJHRPiWLFDVHQODSODQHDFLyQ\GHVDUUR
OORGHOWHUULWRULR/DDFWLYLGDGGHVHQVLELOL]DFLyQFRQORVQLxRVHVWXYRHQIRFDGDHQOR
O~GLFRFRQXQIRQGRFODUDPHQWHSHGDJyJLFR6HWUDEDMyODOHFWXUD\XELFDFLyQGHORV
QLxRV HQ GLIHUHQWHV HVFDODV WHUULWRULDOHV SDUWLHQGR GHO PDSD GH &RORPELD KDVWD
OOHJDUDODHVFDODGHODVHQWDPLHQWR\DWUDYpVGHOGLEXMRVHWUDEDMDURQORVPDSDV
PHQWDOHVTXHFDGDQLxRWHQtDGHVXFRPXQLGDGDVRFLDQGRHOHPHQWRVUHSUHVHQWDWLYRV
GHOEDUULRDVtFRPRODFDUDFWHUL]DFLyQGHFDGDOXJDUHQUHODFLyQDVXVVHQWLPLHQWRV
VHQWLGRVYLYHQFLDVFRWLGLDQDV\VXHxRV

La cartografía digital voluntaria
3DUDODJHQHUDFLyQGHODFDUWRJUDItDGLJLWDO\ORVGDWRVJHRJUiILFRVODPHWRGRORJtD
DSOLFDGDDOSUR\HFWRSLORWRWXYRFRPREDVHODJXtDGHPDSHRXUEDQRFUHDGDSRUHO
SUR\HFWR2SHQ &LWLHV 7KH :RUOG %DQN   DGDSWiQGROD D ODV SDUWLFXODULGDGHV
GHODJHRJUDItD\FRPXQLGDGORFDOHQHVSHFLDOODLQFRUSRUDFLyQGHWpFQLFDVSDUDOD
REWHQFLyQ GH LPiJHQHV DpUHDV GHVGH JORERV \ GURQHV FRQ HO REMHWR GH DFWXDOL]DU
UiSLGDPHQWHODFDUWRJUDItDDOSUHVHQWHDVtFRPRREWHQHUODVYHQWDMDVJHRPiWLFDVDO
XVDUFRRUGHQDGDVGHSUR\HFFLyQ 0$*1$6,5*$6(36* SDUDODPHGLFLyQ
GHiUHDVGHODVYLYLHQGDV

Revista Cartográfica 93 julio-diciembre 2016 



)LJXUD 7DOOHUGHVHQVLELOL]DFLyQDFWLYLGDGO~GLFDFRQORVQLxRV
  )XHQWH0$3&DUWDJHQD




)LJXUD $FWLYLGDGGHLQYROXFUDPLHQWRGHODFRPXQLGDGDWUDYpVGHOUHFRQRFLPLHQWRGH
VXHQWRUQR
  )XHQWH0$3&DUWDJHQD
 Natalia da Silveira Arruda y Humberto Yances MAP Cartagena: metodología para el mapeo…


)LJXUD 3DVRVGHODPHWRGRORJtDSDUDHOPDSHRGHDVHQWDPLHQWRVSUHFDULRV

 /RVVLJXLHQWHVVRQORVSDVRVGHODPHWRGRORJtDUHVXOWDQWHDSOLFDGD

1er. Taller de Mapeo (mapeando el pasado)


7LHQHQHOGREOHSURSyVLWRGHPDSHDUHOHVWDGRGHODVHQWDPLHQWRSUHFDULRHQHOSDVD
GRDODYH]VHUYLUFRPRSURFHVRGHHQWUHQDPLHQWRSDUDORVYROXQWDULRVPDSHURV\
ODFRPXQLGDGVREUH2SHQ6WUHHW0DS\VXVWpFQLFDVGHUHFROHFFLyQGHGDWRV\FRRU
GLQDFLyQ GH PDSHR UHPRWR FUHDQGR XQ SUR\HFWR HQ HO *HVWRU GH 7DUHDV
KWWSWDUHDVRSHQVWUHHWPDSFR! \WUD]DQGRODLPDJHQFRQHOVRIWZDUHGHHVFULWR
ULR-DYD2SHQ6WUHHW0DSHGLWRU -260 




)LJXUD 'LYLVLyQ GHO DVHQWDPLHQWR HQ FXDGUDQWHV HQ HO 7DVNLQJ 0DQDJHU SDUD HO HU
7DOOHUGH0DSHR
Revista Cartográfica 93 julio-diciembre 2016 



)LJXUD 8QRGHHVRVFXDGUDQWHVVLHQGRWUDEDMDGRVHQHOHGLWRUGHPDSDV-260

Captura y servido de imágenes aéreas
6H XVDURQ GRV WpFQLFDV SDUD HYDOXDU FXiO GH ODV GRV HUD OD PiV FRVWRHIHFWLYD HQ
DVHQWDPLHQWRV SUHFDULRV /D SULPHUD IXH XVDQGR JORERV UHOOHQDGRV FRQ KHOLR VL
JXLHQGR \ DGTXLULHQGR OD JXtD \ SURGXFWRV %DOORRQ 0DSSLQJ  GH 3XEOLF /DE
KWWSVSXEOLFODERUJ! /D VHJXQGD IXH XVDQGR XQ GURQH PXOWLURWRU JUDFLDV D OD
GRQDFLyQ GH OD HPSUHVD GH ILOPDFLyQ ORFDO .DUPDLUt 3URGXFFLRQHV (O HMHUFLFLR
TXHGyGRFXPHQWDGRHQHVWHYLGHRSXEOLFDGRHQ<RXWXEHFRPRUHVXOWDGRVLQWHUPH
GLRVGHOSLORWRKWWSVZZZ\RXWXEHFRPZDWFK"Y Y55+$J[LR=Z! 
 6LJXLHQGR HO IOXMR GH SURFHVR LQVWDXUDGR SRU OD FRPXQLGDG GH 2SHQ6WUHHW0DS
&RORPELD HO FRQMXQWR GH IRWRJUDItDV IXH HQYLDGR D OD FRPXQLGDG GH 2SHQ6WUHHW
0DS )UDQFLD SDUD OD XQLyQ GHO RUWRIRWRPRVDLFR VX JHRUUHIHUHQFLDPLHQWR XVDQGR
WUD]DV*3;FDSWXUDGDVHQFDPSR\SXEOLFDFLyQHQVXVHUYLGRU706SDUDSRVWHULRU
FDOFDGR
 6HGHVFDUWDHOXVRGHJORERVGHELGRDODGLILFXOWDGGHUHFRUULGRHQDVHQWDPLHQWRV
SUHFDULRVSRUODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHLQIRUPDOLGDGGHOWHQGLGRGHUHGHVHOpFWULFDVHO
FHUFDGR GH SURSLHGDGHV H LUUHJXODULGDG JHQHUDO GHO WHUUHQR 7DPELpQ ORV FRVWRV \
ORJtVWLFDGHORVWDQTXHVGHKHOLRGLILFXOWDODDFWLYLGDG\UHVXOWyPX\RQHURVRSDUDOD
FDOLGDGGHODVLPiJHQHVREWHQLGDV6HUHFRPLHQGDHVWHPpWRGRSDUDiUHDVGHVSHMD
GDV TXL]iV PHMRU SDUD H[SORUDFLRQHV DpUHDV HQ SUR\HFWRV PHGLRDPELHQWDOHV HQ
SHTXHxDViUHDVGHH[WHQVLyQ
 Natalia da Silveira Arruda y Humberto Yances MAP Cartagena: metodología para el mapeo…



)LJXUD 2UWRIRWRGHODVHQWDPLHQWR,VODGH/HyQ

2do. Taller de Mapeo (mapeando el presente)
(O RUWRIRWRPRVDLFR IXH FDSWXUDGR HO  GH DEULO GH  SRU OR WDQWR HQ HVH PR
PHQWR FRQVWLWX\y HO WLHPSR SUHVHQWH GHO HVWDGR GH ODV FRQVWUXFFLRQHV HQ ,VOD GH
/HyQ FRQ HO REMHWLYR GH DFWXDOL]DU OD UHDOLGDG FDUWRJUiILFD GHO DVHQWDPLHQWR VH
UHDOL]DXQVHJXQGRWDOOHUGHPDSHRDJUHJDQGRWRGDODLQIRUPDFLyQTXHVHKDFHYLVL
EOH HQ IXQFLyQ GH OD DOWD UHVROXFLyQ GH OD LPDJHQ SURGXFLGD SRU HO GURQH &RPR
UHVXOWDGR GH HVWH WDOOHU VH FRUURERUy TXH HO DVHQWDPLHQWR FRQWDED HQ HVH HQWRQFHV
FRQ  SROtJRQRV LGHQWLILFDGRV OR TXH SULPHUDPHQWH IXH DVRFLDGR DO Q~PHUR GH
YLYLHQGDVH[LVWHQWHVHQODFRPXQLGDG

Revista Cartográfica 93 julio-diciembre 2016 



)LJXUD GR7DOOHUGH0DSHRPDSHDQGRHOSUHVHQWH
  )XHQWH0$3&DUWDJHQD

Captura de datos geográficos en campo
3DUDHOOHYDQWDPLHQWRGHGDWRVHQFDPSRVHXVyFRPRSULQFLSDOPpWRGR)LHOG3D
SHUV XQD KHUUDPLHQWD ZHE GHVGH OD FXDO VH JHQHUDQ PDSDV \ DWODV SDUD LPSULPLU
GLYLGLGRVHQFXDGUDQWHVFDGDFXDGUDQWHHVXQDKRMD WDPDxRFDUWDXRILFLR GRQGH
VHYDQUHDOL]DQGRDQRWDFLRQHVGHORVGHWDOOHVHQFRQWUDGRVHQFDPSR\TXHQRSXH
GHQVHUFDSWXUDGRVGHVGHXQDLPDJHQDpUHDWDOHVFRPRORVFRPHUFLRVRQRPEUHVGH
ODVFDOOHV7DPELpQVHYDOLGDODLQIRUPDFLyQJHQHUDGDGHVGHHOPDSHRGHHVFULWRULR
R³DUPFKDLUPDSSLQJ´UHDOL]DGRHQORVWDOOHUHVDQWHULRUHV&DGDKRMDLPSUHVDWLHQH
XQ FyGLJR 45 TXH WUDV VHU HVFDQHDGD \ VXELGD QXHYDPHQWH HQ OD SODWDIRUPD GH
ILHOGSDSHUVRUJ JHRUUHIHUHQFLD DXWRPiWLFDPHQWH OD LPDJHQ GH IRUPD TXH SRVWH
ULRUPHQWHSXHGDVHUOODPDGDGHVGHHOHGLWRUGHPDSDV-260SDUDODGLJLWDOL]DFLyQ
GHORVGDWRVHVFULWRVHQHOSDSHO
 /RVYROXQWDULRVGH7(&+2MXQWRFRQORVSREODGRUHVFRUURERUDURQODH[LVWHQFLD
GHFDGDYLYLHQGDHQULTXHFLHQGRODFDUWRJUDItDFRQLQIRUPDFLyQORFDODGLFLRQDQGR
ODH[LVWHQFLDGHWLHQGDVLJOHVLDVEDQFDViUEROHVSXQWRVGHWRPDGHDJXD\EDxRV
FRPXQLWDULRV6HLGHQWLILFyHOHVWDGRDFWXDOGHORVSROtJRQRVDQWHULRUPHQWHFRQVLGH
UDGRVFRPRYLYLHQGDVKDELWDGDVDOJXQDVGHHVWDVHVWDEDQHQHVWDGRGHFRQVWUXFFLyQ
FRPSOHWDPHQWHDEDQGRQDGDVRLQFOXVRHQSURFHVRGHYHQWD7DPELpQVHOOHYyFDER
HO HMHUFLFLR GH QRPEUDU ODV FDOOHV GHO DVHQWDPLHQWR GRQGH VXV SREODGRUHV IXHURQ
SURWDJRQLVWDVEULQGDQGRVXRSLQLyQ\YRWDQGRSRUHOQRPEUHGHVXSUHIHUHQFLD

 Natalia da Silveira Arruda y Humberto Yances MAP Cartagena: metodología para el mapeo…



)LJXUD 7DOOHU)LHOG3DSHUGHILQLHQGRHWLTXHWDVMXQWRDODFRPXQLGDG




)LJXUD +RMDFRQODVPDUFDFLRQHVGHO)LHOG3DSHU

3er. Taller de Mapeo
(O WHUFHU \ ~OWLPR WDOOHU GH PDSHR WXYR FRPR REMHWLYR DFWXDOL]DU OD FDUWRJUDItD GHO
DVHQWDPLHQWR SRU PHGLR GH ORV GDWRV REWHQLGRV FRQ )LHOG 3DSHU \ ODV WUD]DV *3;
FDSWXUDGDVGHVGHWHOpIRQRVFHOXODUHV\*36HVWDV~OWLPDVXWLOL]DGDVSDUDFRQILUPDUOD
FUHDFLyQGHQXHYDVFDOOHV\VHQGHURVLQH[LVWHQWHVHQODLPDJHQDpUHDGHOGHDEULO
Revista Cartográfica 93 julio-diciembre 2016 

 &RPRUHVXOWDGRGHODDFWLYLGDGDGHPiVGHOQRPEUDPLHQWRGHODVFDOOHVVHDF
WXDOL]yODLQIRUPDFLyQVREUHHOHVWDGRGHFDGDSROtJRQRGHORVSROtJRQRVFLWD
GRVDQWHULRUPHQWH²IUXWRGHOGRWDOOHUGHPDSHR²HUDQYLYLHQGDVKDELWDGDV
FDVLHOGREOHGHODVTXHLQLFLDOPHQWHSODQWHDURQORVOtGHUHVFRPXQLWDULRV

Exportación y publicación de datos geográficos
$OILQDOGHFDGDWDOOHU²OXHJRGHVXELUORVQXHYRVGDWRV²ODFDUWRJUDItDLEDVLHQGR
DXWRPiWLFDPHQWHDFWXDOL]DGDHQ2SHQ6WUHHW0DS3DUDODH[SRUWDFLyQGHORVGDWRVVH
WUDEDMyFRQHOSURJUDPD³RSHQVRXUFH´4XDQWXP*,6GHVGHHOFXDOHVSRVLEOHGHV
FDUJDUGLUHFWDPHQWHORVGDWRVGH2SHQVWUHHW0DSSRUPHGLRGHXQSOXJLQ$PDQHUD
GH LOXVWUDFLyQ H[LVWHQ P~OWLSOHV IRUPDV GH H[SRUWDU ORV GDWRV GH 2SHQ6WUHHW0DS
YDULRVGHHVWRVPpWRGRVVHGHWDOODQHQODSiJLQDKWWSSODQHWRVPRUJ!(O+XPD
QLWDULDQ 2SHQ6WUHHW0DS 7HDP WLHQH D GLVSRVLFLyQ GHO S~EOLFR HO ([SRUW 7RRO
KWWSH[SRUWKRWRVPRUJ!GHVGHHOFXDOVHSXHGHQH[SRUWDUORVGDWRVHQP~OWLSOHV
IRUPDWRVLQOFXVRSDUDFRORFDUORVPDSDVGHQWURGH*36
 (VWRVGDWRVILQDOPHQWHIXHURQFUHDGRVHQHO6,*FRPRFDSDVHQDUFKLYRVVKDSH
ILOHV \ SXEOLFDGRV HQ OD SODWDIRUPD +'; GH 81 2&+$ KWWSVGDWDKG[UZODEV
RUJRUJDQL]DWLRQWHFKRFRORPELD!




)LJXUD 3DQWDOOD]RGHO6,*FRQWRGDVODVFDSDV\WDEODVHOSUR\HFWR4*,6

La integración entre la cartografía y los datos poblacionales
'HELGRDORVREMHWLYRVGHOSUR\HFWRSDUDTXHHOFRPSRQHQWHFDUWRJUiILFRVLUYLHUDD
OD VLJXLHQWH IDVH GH LQWHUYHQFLyQ GH GHVDUUROOR FRPXQLWDULR HUD QHFHVDULR LQWHJUDU
FDGD YLYLHQGD FRPR HOHPHQWR HVSDFLDO  FRQ OD (&+ TXH OH FRUUHVSRQGH GH HVWD
 Natalia da Silveira Arruda y Humberto Yances MAP Cartagena: metodología para el mapeo…

PDQHUD SRGHU UHDOL]DU XQ DQiOLVLV GH FRQMXQWR TXH HYLGHQFLDUD VXV SUREOHPDV PiV
VHQVLEOHV YpDVH)LJXUD 

Planeación de la encuesta en campo
3DUDODHMHFXFLyQGHODHQFXHVWDHQFDPSRVHGHFLGLyWUDEDMDUFRQXQPXHVWUHRGHOD
SREODFLyQWRWDOGHYLYLHQGDVMXVWLILFDEOHSRUHOWDPDxRGHODFRPXQLGDGREYLDQGR
ODQHFHVLGDGGHXQFHQVR
 3DUD GHILQLU HO WDPDxR GH OD PXHVWUD UHSUHVHQWDWLYD VH WRPy FRPR XQLYHUVR OD
SREODFLyQGHOQ~PHURGHYLYLHQGDVFRQWDELOL]DGDVHQHOWHUFHUWDOOHUGHPDSHR  
/DVHOHFFLyQGHODPXHVWUDVHGHILQLySRU0XHVWUHRSUREDELOtVWLFRSRUFRQJORPHUDGR
/RVFRQJORPHUDGRVVRQiUHDVHQODVTXHVHGLYLGHHOWHUUHQRTXHRFXSDODSREODFLyQ
GH HVWXGLR HQ IXQFLyQ GH DOJXQD FDUDFWHUtVWLFD KRPRJpQHD HO PDUFR PXHVWUDO IXH
VXEGLYLGLGRHQWRQFHVHQFXDWURiUHDVFRQVLPLODUQ~PHURGHYLYLHQGDV$OLQWHULRU
GHFDGDFRQJORPHUDGRVHSURFHGLyDXQPXHVWUHRDOHDWRULRVLPSOH3DUDHVWHSURFH
VRGHPXHVWUHRIXHFUHDGRXQDUFKLYRVKDSHILOHVSRUFDGDXQDGHODVFXDWURiUHDV\
HO,'GHODVYLYLHQGDVSHUWHQHFLHQWHVDFDGDXQDGHODViUHDVIXHVRPHWLGRDXQSUR
FHVRGHVHOHFFLyQDOHDWRULR/RV,'VVHOHFFLRQDGRVIXHURQQXPHUDGRVHVDQXPHUD
FLyQFRQIRUPyHOYtQFXORHQWUHODYLYLHQGDDVHUHQFXHVWDGD\VXXELFDFLyQJHRJUi
ILFD




)LJXUD 'HOLPLWDFLyQGHOD]RQD\ODQXPHUDFLyQGHODVYLYLHQGDVVHOHFFLRQDGDV

El encuestamiento a hogares
/D PHWRGRORJtD LPSOHPHQWDGD IXH OD 0HWRGRORJtD GH &DUDFWHUL]DFLyQ GH +RJDUHV
0&+ TXHYLHQHVLHQGRDSOLFDGDSRU7(&+2GHVGHHODxR Manual de me-
todología de caracterización de hogares  FX\R REMHWLYR SULQFLSDO HV GLVSRQHU GH
Revista Cartográfica 93 julio-diciembre 2016 

LQIRUPDFLyQTXHSHUPLWDFDUDFWHUL]DUODVLWXDFLyQGHORVKRJDUHV\GHODFRPXQLGDG
GHPDQHUDTXHVLUYDFRPRLQVXPRSDUDODSODQLILFDFLyQGHOWUDEDMRFRQMXQWRGHOD
FRPXQLGDG\7(&+2DODYH]HVWLPDUODFREHUWXUDIRFDOL]DFLyQ\GLVWULEXFLyQGHO
WUDEDMRPHGLDQWHORVSULQFLSDOHVSURJUDPDV\SUR\HFWRVVRFLDOHV
 /DHQFXHVWDVHFRPSRQHGHPyGXORVRVHFFLRQHVTXHSHUPLWHQJHQHUDULQGL
FDGRUHVVREUHFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVJHQHUDOHVGHOKRJDU\VXVPLHPEURVHGXFDFLyQVDOXG
WUDEDMRHLQJUHVRVYLYLHQGD\VHUYLFLRVEiVLFRV\FRPXQLGDG
 $FDGDHQFXHVWDGRUVHOHDVLJQyXQQ~PHURGHFDVDVVHOHHQWUHJyXQPDSDFRQ
ODVFDVDVQXPHUDGDVTXHOHFRUUHVSRQGHQ\ORVMXHJRVGHHQFXHVWDV$OPRPHQWRGH
LQLFLDUODHQFXHVWDHVWHHVFULEHHOQ~PHURGHODFDVDHQXQDFDVLOODGLVSXHVWDHQHO
IRUPXODULR/DDSOLFDFLyQGHODHQFXHVWDVHGLyHQXQDDFWLYLGDGGHHQFXHVWDPLHQWR
PDVLYRGHVDUUROODGDHQGRVGtDVFRQVHFXWLYRVGRQGHVHLQYROXFUDURQXQJUDQQ~PH
URGHYROXQWDULRV\GHSREODGRUHV

La tabulación y uniones en el SIG
/DVHQFXHVWDVIXHURQWDEXODGDV\OXHJRHVWDVWDEODVVHXQLHURQDORVSROtJRQRVGHOD
YLYLHQGDFRPRODQXPHUDFLyQRULJHQGHFDGDFDVDYLHQHGHVGHHO6,*\HQODWDEX
ODFLyQGHODHQFXHVWDH[LVWHXQDYDULDEOHFRQHOQ~PHURGHODFDVDHVWHVHFRQYLUWLy
HQODOODYHGHXQLyQHQWUHDPERVFRQMXQWRVGHGDWRVSHUPLWLHQGRKDFHUDQiOLVLVGH
ODVFHQWHQDUHVGHYDULDEOHVSREODFLRQDOHVHQUHODFLyQFRQODXELFDFLyQJHRJUiILFDGH
FDGDYLYLHQGD

5HVXOWDGRV
/RV GDWRV DQDOL]DGRV SHUPLWLHURQ JHQHUDU  YDULDEOHV \  LQGLFDGRUHV &RQ OD
DSOLFDFLyQ GH OD PHWRGRORJtD H[SOLFDGD DQWHULRUPHQWH IXH SRVLEOH JHRUUHIHUHQFLDU
HVWRV UHVXOWDGRV JHQHUDQGR PDSDV GRQGH D FDGD YLYLHQGD VH SXHGH DVRFLDU OD UHV
SXHVWDGHOFXHVWLRQDULR\PDSDVGHFDORUSDUDUHVSXHVWDVGHLQFLGHQFLDSHUPLWLHQGR
XQDQiOLVLVWHUULWRULDO

0HGLFLRQHVHLQGLFDGRUHV
/RVVLJXLHQWHVIXHURQHOWLSRGHPHGLFLRQHVHLQGLFDGRUHVSRVLEOHVGHFDOFXODUJUD
FLDVDODLQIRUPDFLyQJHRHVSDFLDO

‡ &RQWHRGHYLYLHQGDV
‡ ÈUHDGHODYLYLHQGDHQPHWURVFXDGUDGRV
‡ ÈUHDSURPHGLRGHODVYLYLHQGDVHQPHWURVFXDGUDGRV
‡ 3URPHGLRGHiUHDSRUKDELWDQWHGHODYLYLHQGD


 Natalia da Silveira Arruda y Humberto Yances MAP Cartagena: metodología para el mapeo…

0DSDV
/RV VLJXLHQWHV VRQ ORV PDSDV FUHDGRV D SDUWLU GH OD XQLyQ GH GDWRV JHRJUiILFRV \
SREODFLRQDOHV




)LJXUD 0DSDHODERUDGRHQ&DUWR'%VREUHHOHVWDGRGHODVYLYLHQGDV




)LJXUD 1LYHOGHKDFLQDPLHQWRQ~PHURGHSHUVRQDVTXHGXHUPHQSRUFDGDFXDUWRGHOD
YLYLHQGD
Revista Cartográfica 93 julio-diciembre 2016 



)LJXUD 0DSDGHFDORUDOXPEUDGRS~EOLFRUHVSXHVWDQRWLHQHDOXPEUDGRS~EOLFR




)LJXUD 0DSDGHFDORULQWHQWRGHGHVDORMRHQHO~OWLPRDxRUHVSXHVWDVt




)LJXUD 0DSDGHFDORUUHFROHFFLyQGHUHVLGXRVUHVSXHVWDLQIRUPDOFROHFWDGRHQXQRR
YDULRVSXQWRVGHQWURGHOEDUULR
 Natalia da Silveira Arruda y Humberto Yances MAP Cartagena: metodología para el mapeo…



)LJXUD 0DSD GH FDORU UHFROHFFLyQ GH UHVLGXRV UHVSXHVWD IRUPDO FROHFWDGR HQ XQR
SXQWRGHQWURGHOEDUULR




)LJXUD 3HUFHSFLyQGHFDOLGDGVREUHHOHVWDGRGHODVYtDV

&RQFOXVLyQ
/DPHWRGRORJtDHVWUXFWXUDGDGXUDQWHODH[SHULHQFLDGHOSUR\HFWRSLORWR0$3&DUWD
JHQDWLHQHXQDDSOLFDFLyQLQQRYDGRUDHQ$PpULFD/DWLQDHQHOFDPSRGHPDSHRGH
Revista Cartográfica 93 julio-diciembre 2016 

DVHQWDPLHQWRVLQIRUPDOHV,QQRYDFLyQTXHUHVLGHHQODXQLyQGHODVPHWRGRORJtDVGH
WUDEDMRGH7(&+2\GH+27\GHVXVUHVSHFWLYDVKHUUDPLHQWDV
 /RVFRQRFLPLHQWRV\ODPHWRGRORJtDGHWUDEDMRGHVDUUROODGRVSRU+27SHUPLWLH
URQ OD JHRUUHIHUHQFLDFLyQ GH WRGDV ODV IDVHV GHO SUR\HFWR \ OD YLVXDOL]DFLyQ GH ORV
UHVXOWDGRVGHPDQHUDUiSLGD\SUiFWLFD/DPHWRGRORJtDTXHVHOOHYDDFDERDWUDYpV
GHORVWDOOHUHVGHPDSHRSHUPLWHODDFWXDOL]DFLyQFDUWRJUiILFDHQXQLQWHUYDORWHP
SRUDOTXHSRFRGHSHQGHGHOWDPDxRGHODVHQWDPLHQWR²GHSHQGLHQGRPiVELHQGHOD
FDQWLGDGGHSHUVRQDVLQYROXFUDGDVHQFDGDWDOOHU²FRQH[FHSFLyQGHODDFWLYLGDGGH
UHFROHFFLyQGHGDWRVHQFDPSR
 7UDWiQGRVHGHXQSLORWR²DGHPiVGHVXUROFRPRYDOLGDGRUGHFLHUWDVDFWLYLGD
GHV² VH DSUHQGLy FRQ ORV HUURUHV OD DFWLYLGDG GH HQFXHVWDPLHQWR IXH KHFKD GH
PDQHUD PDQXDO \ FRPR FRQVHFXHQFLD H[LJLy XQ SHULRGR H[FHVLYDPHQWH ODUJR GH
GLJLWDOL]DFLyQGHORVGDWRVSDUDSRVWHULRUDQiOLVLV
 (OWUDEDMRGHOD21*HQHODVHQWDPLHQWRSHUPLWLyTXHHOSUR\HFWRFRQWDVHFRQ
XQ FRQRFLPLHQWR SUHYLR GH OD FRPXQLGDG \ XQD SUHVHQFLD HQ FDPSR D OR ODUJR GH
WRGRHOSUR\HFWRDWUDYpVGHODSDUWLFLSDFLyQGHODPLVPDFRPXQLGDG\GHOYROXQWD
ULDGR&RQGLFLRQHVHVHQFLDOHVSDUDTXHSXGLHUDKDEHUXQSURFHVRSDUWLFLSDWLYR\XQ
FRQVHFXHQWHDXPHQWRHQODSUREDELOLGDGGHTXHHOVHQWLGRGHSHUWHQHQFLDOHVLQFHQ
WLYH D DSRGHUDUVH GH ORV UHVXOWDGRV GHO SUR\HFWR \ ORV XWLOLFHQ HQ SUR GH VX IXWXUR
GHVDUUROOR
 (OVRSRUWHGHORVSREODGRUHVGH,VODGH/HyQDOSUR\HFWRSLORWRHVXQDRSRUWXQL
GDGGHDSOLFDUGHPDQHUDSUiFWLFDXQDPHWRGRORJtDTXHSUHWHQGHSRGHUVHUUHSOLFDGD
HQFXDOTXLHUDVHQWDPLHQWRLQIRUPDO\RSUHFDULRTXHSUHVHQWDFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVVHPH
MDQWHVVHDSRUODIDOWDGHLQIRUPDFLyQFDUWRJUiILFDVHDSRUODDXVHQFLDGHGDWRVTXH
SHUPLWDQVXFDUDFWHUL]DFLyQVRFLRHFRQyPLFD
 6~PHVHDORDQWHULRUTXHODH[SHULHQFLDGHPDSHRGH+27DSRUWyDOSUR\HFWROD
SRVLELOLGDGGHJHQHUDUGDWRVDELHUWRV&RQRFLPLHQWRTXHGHEHVHUFRPSDUWLGR\FDGD
YH]PiVUHFRQRFLGRFRPRQHFHVDULRHQODE~VTXHGDGHODVXSHUDFLyQGHODVEUHFKDV
VRFLDOHVSRUFLXGDGHVPiVUHVLOLHQWHV\HTXLWDWLYDV

%LEOLRJUDItD
$UFLHUL*9 GHMXOLRGH ³5RERLPSXQHGH&LpQDJDGHOD9LUJHQ´Diario
El Tiempo, GLVSRQLEOH HQ KWWSZZZHOWLHPSRFRPDUFKLYRGRFXPHQWR
0$0!DFFHGLGRHOGHIHEUHURGH
%ULWR3% GHMXQLRGH ³(QHOROYLGRHVWiQVXPLGRVKDELWDQWHVGH,VODGH
/HyQVHFWRUGHOEDUULR(O3R]yQ &DUWDJHQD ´ Diario El Tiempo GLVSRQLEOHHQ
KWWSZZZHOWLHPSRFRPDUFKLYRGRFXPHQWR&06! DFFHGLGR HO 
GHRFWXEUHGH
3180$  Perspectivas del medio ambiente urbano: Geo Cartagena, &DUWDJH
QDGH,QGLDV
 Natalia da Silveira Arruda y Humberto Yances MAP Cartagena: metodología para el mapeo…

&DUWDJHQD &yPR 9DPRV ²&&9   Resultados evaluación calidad de vida


2013&DUWDJHQD
&RERV $*   ³&DUWDJHQD GH LQGLDV DVHQWDPLHQWRV LQIRUPDOHV HQ OD GpFDGD
GHORV´Bitácora urbano\territorialYRO
&ROQRGR   ³,QIRUPH ILQDO GHO 3UR\HFWR *HRUUHIHUHQFLDFLyQ ORFDO XQD KHUUD
PLHQWDSDUDODWRPDGHGHFLVLRQHVDGPLQLVWUDWLYDV\GHLQYHUVLyQ´%RJRWi
0LQLVWHULRGH(GXFDFLyQ1DFLRQDO6LVWHPD1DFLRQDOGH,QGLFDGRUHVWDVDGHDQDO
IDEHWLVPR GLVSRQLEOH HQ KWWSPHQZHEPLQHGXFDFLRQJRYFRVHJXLPLHQWR
HVWDGLVWLFDVSULQFLSDOBLQGSKS"VHFFLRQ  LGBFDWHJRULD  FRQVXOWD LQGBWVDB
DQD QLYHO  GSWR PXQ LQV VHGH ! DFFHGLGR HO  GH RFWXEUH GH

218+DELWDW  ³&RQVWUXFFLyQGHFLXGDGHVPiVHTXLWDWLYDVSROtWLFDVS~EOLFDV
SDUDODLQFOXVLyQHQ$PpULFD/DWLQD´1DLUREL3URJUDPDGHODV1DFLRQHV8QLGDV
SDUDORV$VHQWDPLHQWRV+XPDQRV
218+DELWDW  ³(VWDGRGHODVFLXGDGHVGH$PpULFD/DWLQD\HO&DULEH
5XPERDXQDQXHYDWUDQVLFLyQXUEDQD´1DLUREL3URJUDPDGHODV1DFLRQHV8QL
GDVSDUDORV$VHQWDPLHQWRV+XPDQRV
3HGUD]D 0 VI  ³5RER LPSXQH GH OD FLpQDJD GH OD 9LUJHQ´ Diario El Tiempo
GLVSRQLEOH HQ KWWSZZZHOWLHPSRFRPDUFKLYRGRFXPHQWR0$0!
DFFHGLGRHOGHDEULOGH
7(&+2 $UJHQWLQD   ³5HOHYDPLHQWR GH DVHQWDPLHQWRV LQIRUPDOHV ´
%XHQRV$LUHV7(&+2
7(&+2 VI  7(&+2 &DUWDJHQDGLVSRQLEOH HQ KWWSZZZWHFKRRUJFRORPELD
WHFKRUHJLRQHVFDUWDJHQD!DFFHGLGRHOGH6HWHPEURGH
7KH:RUOG%DQN  ³2SHQ'DWDIRU5HVLOLHQFH3ODQQLQJDQ2SHQ&LWLHV3UR
MHFW´:DVKLQJWRQ'&7KH:RUOG%DQN
<DQFHV +  GH DEULO GH   ³/D %RTXLOOD 3URMHFW´ EORJ SHUVRQDO GH
2SHQ6WUHHW0DS GLVSRQLEOH HQ KWWSVZZZRSHQVWUHHWPDSRUJXVHU+XPEHU
WRB<DQFHVGLDU\!DFFHGLGRHOGHIHEUHURGH

You might also like