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Pertemuan Ke-10 (Lignin-3)
Pertemuan Ke-10 (Lignin-3)
Oleh:
Deded Sarip Nawawi
Reagents :
1. Aliphatic compound
Lignified tissue give color reaction with several alcohols
and ketons
A. Direct Method
Methods which produce a lignin residue
b. Acid-Soluble Lignin
Lignin dissolved in 72% H2SO4 followed by 3% H2SO4
Determined by UV spectroscopy, absorbance at 205 nm
B. Indirect Methods
1. Spectrophotometric Methods
2. Acetyl Bromide Methods
3. Methods Based on Oxidant Consumption
( Chlorine number, kappa number, permanganate number)
LIGNIN TYPES
BASED ON THE ISOLATION METHODS
1. KLASON LIGNIN
4. TECHNICAL LIGNIN
LIGNIN KLASON
Milled Wood
Dioxane
Residue MWL
DMSO (50% Lignin Basis)
Residue LCC
(Lignin Carbohydrate Complex)
PENENTUAN TYPE MONOMER DAN IKATAN β-O-4
◼ Produk utama dari metoda ozonation adalah Tetronic acid yang terdiri
dari erythronic acid dan threonic acid
Cellulolytic Enzymes Lignin (CEL)
◼ White-Rot Fungi :
- Kelompok jamur yang kemampuan mendegradasi
lignin > selulosa.
- Dimanfaatkan dalam biopulping, biobleaching.
◼ Brown-Rot Fungi :
- Kelompok jamur yang kemampuan mendegradasi
selulosa > lignin.
- Dimanfaatkan untuk studi mengenai karbohidrat
dan juga untuk mengisolasi Lignin “CEL”.
TECHNICAL LIGNIN
Turpentine 10 -
*) Approximate values given in kilograms per ton ton of pulp
The main low molecular mass organic compounds
in alkali black liquor:
R Softwood lignin:)
R1 : H
R :H (Guaiacol)
CHO (Vanillin)
COCH3 (Acetovanillon)
R1 OCH3
COOH (Vanillic acid)
OH CH2CH2CH2OH (Dihydroconiferylalcohol)
Hardwood lignin:
R
R1 : OCH3
R :H (Syringol)
CHO (Syringaldehida)
COCH3 (Acetosyringone)
R1 OCH3 COOH (Syringic acid)
CH2CH2CH2OH (dihydrosynapil alcohol)
OH
ISOLASI LIGNIN KRAFT
Black Liquor
Evaporation
Precipitation
CO2 Filtrate
pH 10, pH 8
Precipitation
Lignin (10%) H2SO4
pH 2-3
UTILIZATION OF LIGNIN
DISPERSING
PHENOL AGENT BENZENE
VANILLIN
ENERGI LIGNIN VANILLIC ACID
SYRINGALDEHYDE