HARDWIRED – it will happen eventually.

Like in the genes of people, INNATE

According to Nayan Chanda, it is because of our basic human needs to make our lives better that
globalization started.

Our species originated in Africa but has crossed many continents seeking greener pastures.

( what we called “ cradle of life ‘’ )

Commerce, religion, politics, and warfare are the “urges” of people toward a netter life.

(commerce – trade for money) (religion – spread for better sense of fulfillment )

(politics – extend political ideologist) (warfare – people trying to get material thing or wealth through
war)

Those action led to the formation of the four aspects (trade, missionary work, adventures, and
conquest) of globalization and can be traced throughout the history.

CYCLES –

Some view Globalization as cyclical process and thus finding its origin is nearly impossible.

It is also important to know how many cycles it has already gone through.

This ideas sees global ages have already appeared.

There is also a notion that eventually this current cycle will soon disappear and reappear.

EPOCH – Also known as “waves” dahil may sunod ulit na wave

Cycle – it happens again while EPOCHS, it has definite start and definite end.

Ritzer and Therborn believe that there are six great epochs of globalization.

Also known as “waves” with each having its own origin.

This argues that today’s globalization is not unique.

It is different from cycle view as those as those great epochs do not return.

SIX GREAT EPOCHS

1. Globalization of religions like Islam and Christianity (4 th – 7th century) – eventually spread
throughout the world.
2. European Colonial Conquests (late 15 th century) – exploration of the European in south america
3. Intra-European Wars (late 18th – 19th century) – period of warfare between European countries

WARFARE – People are trying to get materials things or even wealth through war.

4. Heyday of European Imperialism (mid 19 th century – 1918) – most powerful,

 5. Post-World War II period –
globalization happens after the world war II
6. Post cold war period – long period f mistrust between usa and the ussr.

EVENTS –

Events happened under the events origin. events include the laying of the first transatlantic telephone
cables (1856), first television broadcast (1962), modern internet (1988), and terrorist attacks on the
twin towers in New York (2001). With this view more and more specific events will characterize not just
the origins of globalization but also its history.

Christopher Colombus – man that have discovered America, which is mistaken, he only re-discovered
America.

Vikings From Europe,

BROADER, MORE RECENT EVENT

CHANGES

More recent changes under the fifth perspective

THREE MAJOR EVENTS

1. The emergence of the United States as the global power post world war II
 USA through its military and economic power after WWII was able to surpass Germany and
Japan.
2. Emergence of multinational corporations (MNCs)
 Start opening in other countrues during the 18 th and 19th, expanding their trade, money
 The united states, Germany, great Britain all had great corporation in their homelands that
are still known today.

USSR second

3. Demise of the Soviet Union and the end of the cold war.

Many global processes – immigration, tourism, media, diplomacy, and MNCs – spread
throughout the globe, paving the way to the so-called “FREE” world
 China is a communist country

GLOBALIZATION STARTED IN AFTER WORLD WAR II

5 PERIOD IN GLOBALIZATION

THE PRE-HISTORIC PERIOD – it was a time of spread humanity

- Globalization was severely limited

- Earlier phase, contacts among hunters and gatherers

THE PRE-MODERN PERIOD

- The invention of writing and the wheel were great social and technological boost
 - Writing facilitated the spread of ideas band inventions
- Black death, system of fubalism

EARLY MODERN PERIOD

- Period between the enlightenment and the renaissance

- European enlightenment project tried to achieve a universal form of morality and law
- Extinguish right or wrong, violence

THE MODERN PERIOD

- Innovations in transportation and communication technology

-

THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD

- - the creation, expansion, and acceleration of worldwide inter-dependencies occurred in a

dramatic way and it was a leap