Physics Handbook

DEPARTMENTOF PHYSICS
Physics: Bedrock of Technology
This handbook is an updated edition developed majorly to provide handy and readable
information about the Department of Physics, The Federal University of Technology, Akure. The
Department of Physics is a fast growing one where the population of students, the academic and
non-academic staff has increased tremendously by more than seventy percent in the past one decade.
The current Handbook is comprehensive and elaborate, providing a concise description of the course
contents of all the courses in Physics with Electronics. The scope and coverage of the Handbook
include the information on the history background of the department, aims and objectives, admission
requirements, requirements for the award of degrees, duration of programmes and list of courses.
As the population of student’s intake into the department continues to soar, more qualified and
suitable-cum-experienced staff cutting across the different student’s population are being recruited.
Training in this department is of high standard and our graduates have been faring well in getting
good jobs in industries and in securing scholarships for postgraduate training at both local and
international levels. In order to make a success of this opportunity, students are advised to work
conscientiously hard from the first day in the University.
The students of this Department are known for good character, discipline, decency and hard work.
You are hereby advised to abide by the rules and regulations governing your stay in the University
and make the judicious use of all the facilities that are available for the purpose of achieving
academic excellence.
The Department wishes you the very best in your studies and all your other endeavors in this great
University.
Thank you and God bless you all
Prof. E. O OGOLO
Head of Department
1
BRIEF HISTORY OF THE DEPARTMENT
The Department of Physics was one of the pioneer departments in the erstwhile School of
Pure and Applied Science created at the inception of the University in 1982.
The organization of the department started with Dr. M.K. Anis, who was the first academic staff in
1982. He was joined later that year by two technical staff members - Messrs.’ B.O.G. Mella and
Chukwulobe, and two Youth Corpers - Messrs.’ V.B. Appah and Obilikwe
The department was accommodated in a single room in the present staff school. All that each staff
had was a reading table. The co-coordinator Dr. M.K. Anis had no private office and no typist.
The foundation students of thirteen men started their classes in September, 1982. Lectures were
held in a lecture room in the present staff school. The department had a laboratory room in the
present Biology building. Practical work started immediately; the University having procured some
laboratory equipment earlier in the year. These were supplemented with materials borrowed from
The Federal Polytechnic, Ado Ekiti which at that time shared the same campus with the University.
To take care of the laboratory, Mr. Raphael Omotayo and Miss S.Ajisegiri (now Mrs. S. Komolafe)
were employed as laboratory attendants.
Between 1982 and 1984, Dr. M.K. Anis was the only academic staff on ground. He was responsible
for drawing up the academic programme and the laboratory manuals. He was however assisted by
part-time lecturers some of whom were Dr. L.B. Kolawole and Prof. Ojo from Obafemi Awolowo
University and Dr. Nancy from Federal Polytechnic, Ado Ekiti. In the 1983/84 session Mr. V.B.
Appah joined the department as a technologist after his service year as a Youth Corper. By October
1984 both Messer’s Chuckwulobe and V.B. Appah resigned their appointments leaving Mr. B.O.G.
Mella as the only senior technical staff in the department.
The 1984/85 session marked a big milestone in the history of the department. The present Physics
building whose construction had earlier commenced in 1982 was completed that year. The
department moved into the building thus providing the much needed staff offices and laboratories.
Prof. A.F. Oluwole, a visiting Professor from Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife was appointed
the acting Head of Department. For the first time, a separate office was allocated to the Head of
Department with Mrs. H. Oluwatuyi as typist. In that same year, the University purchased a large
stock of laboratory equipment for the department through A.F. Masha and Sons (Nig) Ltd. Dr.
A.H.M.A. Anan was also appointed lecturer thus bringing the number of full-time academic staff to
three. The technical arm of the department was strengthened with the recruitment of Mr. F.O.
Sunmonu as a technologist and Francis Ajibogun as a laboratory attendant.
2
At the departure of Prof. A.F. Oluwole, Dr. J.O. Olowolafe from Obafemi Awolowo University was
appointed Professor and Head of Department, a position he held for only two months before
returning to Ile-Ife. On his departure Dr. A.H.M.A. Anan was appointed the acting Head of
Department. Dr. F.A.N. Osadebe from Obafemi Awolowo University came in as a visiting lecturer
for one session while Mr. Paul Erharhine was employed as a graduate assistant.
At the end of the 1986/87 session, both Dr’s Anis and Anan resigned their appointments and Dr.
Osadebe returned to Ile-Ife. The only academic staff members on ground were the newly recruited
assistant lecturers Messrs.’ M.A. Eleruja and M.O. Ajewole. Dr. Kola Ipinmoroti a senior lecturer
from the Chemistry Department was therefore appointed as the Coordinator of the Department.
The beginning of the 1987/88 session marked another milestone in the history of the department;
Prof. L.B. Kolawole, Mr. E.O. Daramola, Dr. M.T. Babalola, Mr. A.A
Ogwu and Engr. V.T.O. Adanri were recruited between September and October 1987. This brought
the total number of full-time academic staff to eight and ended the era of part-time Lecturers. Prof.
L.B. Kolawole was appointed the substantive Head of Department and the administration of the
department attained a firm footing.
In the 1988/89 session, Mr. Paul Erharhine left the department in November, 1988 while Miss I.A.
Ademokun (now Prof (Mrs) Fuwape) was employed as a lecturer. Since then, the staffing position
has undergone many changes. Mr. R.A. Adeyemi was employed as a Graduate Assistant in
November 1989 while Dr. M.A. Aweda and E.O. Olojo were appointed lecturers in February 1990
and March 1991, respectively. Mr. A. Ogwu and Engr. V.T.O. Adanri left the department; the
former by termination of appointment and the latter by transfer to the Department of
Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Mr. O.S. Ajayi and S.E. Falodun assumed duties in the
department in March 1993 and May 1994, respectively. The next set of academic staff assumed duty
in 1995. These included Messer’s A.M. Arogunjo, O.M. Osiele, B. Adeyemi and Y. Babalola. In
2001 S. S. Oluyamo, and Dr A.B. Rabiu assumed duty as Lecturer II and Senior lecturer
respectively. In 2003, the following staffs were recruited: Messer’s K.D. Adedayo, A.S. Adekola, T.
Ewetumo and M. Ukpong as assistant lecturers. The latest addition to the academic staff reported for
duty in 2004. They are Dr’s E.O. Ogolo (now Prof. E.O Ogolo), Messrs A.O. Ajagunna, J.S. Ojo
(now Prof. J.S Ojo), T.V. Omotoso (now Prof. T.V. Omotoso), A.T. Adediji (now Prof. A.T.
Adediji), Dr’s O.R. Oladosu, V.A. Akpan, I.A. Popoola, and Mrs. O.P. Faromika. Others are Dr’s.
O.I. Olusola, S.B. Ibikunle, E.A. Odo, Y.A. Odusote, K.S Ojo, I.O.B. Ogunsua, Mr. O.J. Ajayi, Mr.
Layioye O.A., Miss M.I. Oloniyo (now Mrs. M.I. Akerele), Mr. T.M. Ajayi and Mr. O.O. Ife-
Adediran Oluwatobi. Latest entry into the department from 2014 till date includes Dr. A.O.
3
Adelakun, Dr. (Mrs). N.E. Adesiji, Dr. K. Aladeniyi, Dr. A. G Ashidi, Mr. T.A. Obagade, Dr.
Emmanuel Israel, Dr. Ojo Olusola, Mr. B.M Ogunsade. Presently, academic cadre in the
Department is distributed as follows: eleven professors, two readers, four senior lecturers, five
lecturers I, five lecturers II, two assistant lecturers and one graduate assistant.
On the technical staff cadre, Mr. Alamuoye, H.I assumed duty in the department as technologist II in
1995 while Mr. Olasoji was redeployed from the Library Unit to the department in the same year.
Miss Ajulo, C.I. (now Mrs. Joseph-Ojo, C.I.), Miss Jegede, O.M (now Mrs. Fagbamiye-Akinwale,
O.M), Miss Dada, M.O. (now Mrs. Joseph-Ajayi, M.O), Mr. Akinkuehin, O.O., Mr. Akinsulire,
Idowu and Miss. Adeseko, A.A assumed duties as laboratory Assistants/Attendants in 1996, 1999,
2005 and 2012, respectively. Other technical staff joined the department in 2005 and 2007 as
technologist II. These are: Mr. Bello, O.R., Mr. Ayodele, A.E., Mr. Ojo, O.J and Mr. Fatile, J.A.
Presently, there is a Senior Chief Technologists, and a Chief Technologist; others are three Assistant
Chief Technologists, one Principal Technologist, two Technologists I, one Senior Laboratory
Supervisor, and one head Laboratory Assistant. The following people have served, at different times,
as the departmental secretary/typist: Mrs. E.E Kadiri, Mrs. C.O. Toriola, Mrs. J. N Ndudi, Mrs.
Bobola, Mrs. T. Oyedele, Miss Ogunmakinde J.L., Mrs. B.M. Tobi-Ayorinde, Mrs. Adeyemi J. O,
Mrs. G.V. A. Moyinjesu, Mrs. V.O. Sowole and currently Mr. Z.O. Oyeleke.
LIST OF STAFF ON STAFF DEVELOPMENT

S/N NAME OF LOCATION TYPE OF DATE OF DATE OF
STAFF LEAVE DEPARTURE ARRIVAL
1 Prof (Mrs.) M C U Delta Leave of Absence 2016 2020
I.A. Fuwape State
2 Mr. T.M. USA Study Leave for September, 2020
Ajayi Ph.D 2016
4
LIST OF PAST HEAD OF DEPARTMENT
DATE NAME OF HEAD OF STATUS OF HEAD OF

DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT
1982/83 Dr. M.K. Anis Coordinator
1983/84 “ “
1984/85 Prof A.F. Oluwole Ag. Head of Department
1985/86 Dr. H.M.A. Anan “

1986/87 Dr. K. Ipinmoroti (from Chemistry) Coordinator
1987/88 Prof. L.B. Kolawole Head of Department

1988/89 Mr. E.O. Daramola Coordinator
1989/90 “ “
1990-94 Dr. M.T. Babalola Coordinator
1994/95 Dr. (Mrs.) I.A. Fuwape Coordinator
1995-2002 Dr. (Mrs.) I.A. Fuwape Ag. Head of Department
2002/2003 Dr. M.O. Ajewole Ag. Head of Department
2003/2004 Prof (Mrs.) I.A. Fuwape Head of Department
2004/2005 Dr. O.S. Ajayi Ag. Head of Department
2005/2006 Prof (Mrs.) I.A. Fuwape Head of Department
2006-2008 Dr. M. T. Babalola Ag. Head of Department
2008-2010 Dr. A. M. Arogunjo Ag. Head of Department
2010/2011 Prof. (Mrs) I. A. Fuwape Head of Department
2011/2012 Dr. B. Adeyemi Ag. Head of Department
2012-2015 Prof. A. M. Arogunjo Head of Department
2015-2018 Prof S.O. Ajayi Head of Department
2018-2021 Prof B. Adeyemi Head of Department
2021- Prof E.O Ogolo Head of Department
5
MISSION AND VISION STATEMENTS FOR UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMME
(PHILOSOPHY AND OBJECTIVES)
The philosophy of the Federal University of Technology, Akure is to produce technologically
oriented graduates. In line with this philosophy, the Department trains graduates with a broad based
knowledge of the various aspects of Physics with a bias towards electronics. The programme of the
Department is therefore designed to give students the required academic and practical background in
Condensed Matter Physics, Atmospheric Physics, Radiation and Health Physics, Communication
Physics and Electronic Instrumentation Physics. The products of this programme can be easily
employed in the communication, aviation and oil industry as well as research laboratories. They can
also be self-employed.
The main objectives of the programme are to:
a. Impart to the students the fundamentals of the main branches of Physics.
b. Provide students with opportunity for integrating theoretical physics with practical’s in all
branches of physics.
c. Expose the students to all aspects of applied physics which is sine qua non for the
development of Condensed Matter, Electronics and Energy.
d. Equip the students with necessary background for research and development in all areas of
theoretical and applied physics.
e. Prepare students that will attract high international employment profile in the field of
Applied Physics; and
f. Prepare students for self-reliant work after graduation
6
COURSE CURRICULUM FOR UNDERGRADUATE
1. Degree Options: Bachelor of Technology in Physics [B. Tech Physics (Electronics)], B.
Tech Physics (Energy), B. Tech Physics (Biophysics).
2. ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS
a. UTME ADMISSION
Candidate seeking admission into this programme must have credit pass in five (5) subjects at
WASSCE or NECO or GCE ordinary level or equivalent at not more than two (2) sittings. The five
subjects must include English language, Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics.
UME SUBJECTS: English Language, Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry
b. DIRECT ENTRY
In addition to the UME requirements specified in (a) above, candidates seeking admission by direct
entry must possess either (i) National Diploma (ND) at Upper Credit or its equivalent in Science
Technology, Electronics and Electrical Engineering or (ii) General Certificate of Education
(Advance level) with good passes at a sitting or its equivalent in Mathematics, Physics and
Chemistry/Biology with grade point not less than C.
3. PROGRAMME DURATION
The duration of the programme is five academic sessions for students who came in through UTME
and four sessions for direct entry students. If a student fails to graduate at the end of the normal
academic sessions, he/she would not be allowed to exceed a total of seven academic sessions in the
case of students admitted through the UME or 6 in the case of direct entry students.
4. REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADUATION
To be eligible for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech.), Honor’s in Physics
(Electronics), a student must:
a. Pass all core courses as well as University and School required courses and electives
required for specialization;
b. Complete successfully six months industrial attachment, seminars and projects;
c. Accumulate at least 194 course units for the students admitted through UTME or 155 course
units if by direct entry and obtain a CGPA of not less than 1.00.
d. In addition, direct entry students should audit and pass the following University required
courses- GNS 101, 102 and 103 and MEE 101 and 102. If a student fails any of the courses, he/she
will be required to offer it formally.
7
B. TECH PHYSICS (Electronics)
COURSE OUTLINE
100 LEVEL
First Semester
Course code Status Course Title Contact Course
Hours Unit
L T P
PHY 101/105 C General Physics I 2 1 0 3
PHY 103 C General Physics III 2 0 0 2
PHY 107 C General Physics Laboratory I 0 0 3 1
MTS 101 R Introductory Mathematics I 2 1 0 3
CHE 101 R General Chemistry I 2 1 0 3
CHE 103 R Experimental Chemistry I 0 0 3 1
GNS 101 R Use of EnglishI 2 0 0 2
GNS 103 R Information Retrieval 1 0 0 1
MEE 101 R Engineering Drawing 1 0 6 3
TOTAL 19
Second Semester
Hours Unit
L T P
PHY 102 C General Physics II 2 1 0 3
PHY 108 C General Physics Laboratory II 0 0 3 1
MTS 102 R Introductory Mathematics II 2 1 0 3
MTS 104 R Introductory Applied Mathematics 2 1 0 3
CHE 102 R General Chemistry II 2 1 0 3
CHE 104 R Experimental Chemistry II 0 0 3 1
GNS 102 R Use of EnglishII 2 0 0 2
MEE 102 R Workshop Practice 0 0 6 2
GNS 106 R Logic and Philosophy 2 0 0 2
TOTAL 20
8
200 LEVELS
First Semester
Hours Unit
L T P
PHY 201 C Elementary Modern Physics 2 1 0 3
PHY 203 C Energy and Environment 1 0 0 1
PHY 205 C Thermal Physics 2 1 0 3
PHY 207 C Experimental Physics I 0 0 3 1
PHY 209 C Introduction to mathematical 2 1 0 3
methods in Physics
MTS 201 C Mathematical Methods I 2 1 0 3
CSC 201 R Introduction to FORTRAN 3 1 0 4
Programming
CSP 201 R General Agriculture (Theory) 1 0 0 1
GNS 201 R Man and His Environment 1 1 0 2
TOTAL 21
Second Semester
Course code Course Title Contact Course
Hours Unit
L T P
PHY 202 C Electric Circuits and Electronics 2 1 0 3
PHY 204 C Waves and Optics 2 1 0 3
PHY 206 C Introduction to the Atmosphere 3 0 0 3
PHY 208 C Experimental Physics II 0 0 3 1
PHY 210 C Basic Electronics 2 1 3 4
STA 122 C Statistics for Physical Science 3 1 0 4
ENT 122 R Principles of Economics 2 1 0 3
CSP 210 R General Agriculture (Practical) 0 0 6 2
TOTAL 23
9
300 LEVELS
First Semester
Course Status Course Title Contact Course
code Hours Unit
L T P
PHY 301 C Analytical Mechanics I 2 1 0 3
PHY 303 C Electromagnetic Theory I 2 1 0 3
PHY 305 C Quantum Physics 2 1 0 3
PHY 307 C Experimental Physics III 0 0 3 1
PHY 313 C Electric Circuit Theory 3 0 0 3
PHY 315 C Introductory Solid State Electronics 3 0 0 3
PHY 317 C Special Relativity 2 0 0 2
PHY 319 C Electronic practical I 0 0 3 1
MTS 301 C Vector and Tensor Analysis 2 1 0 3
ENT 301 R Introduction to Entrepreneurship 2 0 0 2
TOTAL 24
Second Semester
Course code Stat Course Title Contact Course
us Hours Unit
L T P
PHY 302 C Analytical Mechanics II 2 1 0 3
PHY 304 C Electromagnetic Theory II 2 1 0 3
PHY 306 C Statistical & Thermal Physics 2 1 0 3
PHY 308 C Experimental Physics IV 0 0 3 1
PHY 310 C Basic Amplifier 2 0 3 3
PHY 314 C Solid State Physics I 2 1 0 3
PHY 318 C Electronic Practical II 0 0 3 1
MTS 302 C Complex Analysis I 2 1 0 3
ENT 302 R Practical Skills in Entrepreneurship 0 0 9 3
TOTAL 23
10
400 LEVELS
First Semester
code Hours Unit
L T P
PHY 401 C Quantum Mechanics I 2 1 0 3
PHY 405 C Mathematical Methods in Physics I 2 1 0 3
PHY 407 C Computational Physics 2 1 0 3
PHY 409 C Electrical Measurement and 2 0 3 3
Instrumentation
PHY 415 C Digital Electronics 2 0 3 3
PHY 417 C Electronic Laboratory Techniques 0 0 6 2
PHY 419 C Introduction to Telecommunication 2 1 0 3
Systems
TOTAL 20
Elective course
code Hours Unit
L T P
PHY 441 E Introduction to Nanoscience 2 1 0 3
and Technology
Second Semester
code Hours Unit
L T P
PHY 402 C Industrial Training Site 0 0 12 4
Supervisor’s Assessment
PHY 404 C Industrial Training FUTA 0 0 12 4
PHY 406 C Student Report and Seminar 0 0 12 4
Presentation
TOTAL 12
11
500 LEVELS
First Semester
code Hours Unit
L T P
PHY 501 C Quantum Mechanics II 2 1 0 3
PHY 503 C Semiconductor Technology 3 0 0 3
PHY 505 C Mathematical Methods in 3 0 0 3
Physics II
PHY 517 C Electronic Devices, Designs 0 0 6 2
and Fabrication
PHY 531 C Nuclear and Particle Physics 2 1 0 3
I
PHY 599 C Final Year Student’s Project 0 0 1 6
8
TOTAL 20
Elective courses
code Hours Unit
L T P
PHY 509 E Solid State Physics II 2 1 0 3
CSC 403 E Computer Networking 2 0 0 2
Second Semester
code Hours Unit
L T P
PHY 502 C Control Theory 2 0 0 2
PHY 504 C Vacuum Physics and Thin 2 1 0 3
Film Technology
PHY 512 C Energy Conversion and 3 0 0 3
Storage
PHY 522 C Seminar 2 0 0 2
PHY 532 C Nuclear and Particle 2 1 0 3
Physics II
GNS 504 R Entrepreneurship 2 1 0 3
Elective E 2 1 0 3
TOTAL 19
12
Elective course
S/N Course code Course Title Contact Hours Course Unit
L T P
PHY 518 Atomic & Molecular 2 1 0 3
Spectroscopy
CSC 504 Computer Architecture 2 1 0 3
CSC 506 Embedded System 2 1 0 3
Electives may also be chosen from Computer Science, Electrical/Electronics, GNS, Engineering and
other areas of Physics e.g. Applied Geophysics, Medical Physics, and Meteorology.
C = Core Course
R = University/School Required Course
E = Elective course.
13
B. TECH PHYSICS (Energy)
COURSE OUTLINE
100 LEVEL
FIRST SEMESTER
Code Hours Unit
L T P U
PHY 101 C General Physics I 2 1 0 3
PHY 107 C General Physics Laboratory 0 0 3 1
I
MTS 101 C Introductory Mathematics I 2 1 0 3
CHE 101 C General Chemistry I 2 1 0 3
CHE 103 C Experimental Chemistry I 0 0 3 1
GNS 101 R Use of English I 2 0 0 2
GNS 103 R Information Literacy 1 0 0 1
TOTAL 19
Second Semester
Code Hours Unit
L T P U
MTS 102 C Introductory Mathematics II 2 1 0 3
MTS 104 C Introductory Applied Mathematics 2 1 0 3
CHE 102 C General Chemistry II 2 1 0 3
CHE 104 C Experimental Chemistry II 0 0 3 1
GNS 102 R Use of English II 2 0 0 2
TOTAL 20
200 LEVELS
14
First Semester
Code Hours Unit
L T P U
PHY 205 C Thermodynamics 2 1 0 3
PHY 209 C Introduction to Mathematical 2 1 0 3
method in Physics
PHY 241 C Energy Technology and Usage 2 1 0 2
CSC 201 C Introduction to Computer 2 1 0 3
Programming
GNS 201 R Man and his Environment 1 0 0 1
TOTAL 22
Second Semester
Course Status Course Title Contact Hours Course Unit
Code
L T P U
PHY 202 C Electric Circuit Theory I 2 1 0 3
PHY 204 C Waves and Optics 2 1 0 3
PHY 206 C Introduction to the 3 0 0 3
Atmosphere
PHY 210 C Basic Electronics 2 1 3 4
STA 122 C Statistics for Physical 3 1 0 4
Science
PMT 202 R Principles of Economics 2 1 0 3
CSP 210 C General Agriculture 0 0 6 2
(Practical)
TOTAL 23
15
300 LEVELS: First Semester
Code Hours Unit
L T P U
PHY 313 C Electric Circuit Theory II 3 0 0 3
PHY 315 C Introductory Solid State 3 0 0 3
Electronics
PHY 317 C Special Relativity 2 0 0 2
PHY 341 C Introduction to Electric Power 2 0 0 2
Systems
PHY 343 C Renewable Energy Technologies 2 0 0 2
PHY 345 C Energy Physics DesignWorkshop 0 0 3 1
I
TOTAL 21
Second Semester
Code Hours Unit
L T P U
PHY 302 C Analytical Mechanics 2 1 0 3
PHY 306 C Statistical and Thermal Physics 2 1 0 3
PHY 314 C Solid State Physics I 2 1 0 3
PHY 342 C Energy Economics and 1 0 0 1
Management
PHY 344 C Material Science for Energy 2 1 0 3
Physics
PHY 346 C Energy Physics Design 0 0 3 1
Workshop II
MTS 302 R Complex Analysis I 2 1 0 3
PMT 302 R Practical Skills in 0 0 9 3
Entrepreneurship
TOTAL 20
Elective course
Course code Status Course Title Contact Hours Course Unit
L T P U
PHY 348 E Climate Science and 2 0 0 2
Policy
16
400 LEVELS
First Semester
Code Hours Unit
L T P U
PHY 401 C Quantum Mechanics 2 1 0 3
PHY 405 C Mathematical Methods in Physics 2 1 0 3
PHY 407 C Computational Physics 2 1 0 3
PHY 441 C Introduction to Nanoscience and 3 0 0 3
Technology
PHY 443 C Fluid Dynamics 2 0 0 2
PHY 445 C Bio-Energy 2 1 0 2
PHY 447 C Introduction to Sustainable Energy 2 0 0 2
PHY 449 C Energy Laboratory Techniques 0 0 6 2
TOTAL 20
Elective courses
L T P U
PHY 451 E Issues of Global Change 2 0 0 2
PHY 453 E Power Electronics and 2 0 0 2
Applications
400 LEVELS
Second Semester
Course Code Status Course Title Contact Hours Course
Unit
L T P U
Presentation
TOTAL 12

17
Course Status Course Title Contact Hours Course
Code Unit
L T P U
PHY 503 C Semiconductor Technology 3 0 0 3
PHY 531 C Nuclear and Particle 2 1 0 3
Physics I
PHY 541 C Wind and Geothermal 2 1 0 3
Energy
PHY 543 C Fundamentals of Advanced 2 0 0 2
Energy Dynamics
PHY 545 C Fundamentals of Energy in 2 0 0 2
Buildings
PHY 599 R Final Year Students’ 0 0 18 6
Project
TOTAL 19
Elective courses
L T P U
PHY 547 E Low Energy Building and 2 0 0 2
Photovoltaics
Second Semester
Course Status Course Title Contact Course Unit
Code Hours
L T P U
PHY 504 C Vacuum Physics and Thin 2 1 0 3
Film Technology
PHY 512 C Energy conversion and 3 0 0 3
storage
PHY 542 C Energy Harvesting Devices 2 1 0 3
and Systems
PHY 544 C Nuclear Energy 2 1 0 3
PHY 546 C Energy Technology and 2 0 0 2
Control Theory
GNS 509 C Entrepreneurship 2 1 0 3
TOTAL 19
Elective course
18
Course Code Status Course Title Contact Hours Course
Unit
L T P U
PHY 548 E Solar Energy and Photovoltaic 2 0 0 2
Technology
C = Core Course
E = Elective course
19
B. TECH PHYSICS (Biophysics)
COURSE OUTLINE
100 LEVEL
FIRST SEMESTER
Code Hours Unit
L T P U
PHY 101 C General Physics I 2 1 0 3
PHY 107 C General Physics Laboratory I 0 0 3 1
BIO 101 C General Biology I 2 1 0 3
CHE 101 C General Chemistry I 2 1 0 3
CHE 103 C Experimental Chemistry I 0 0 3 1
MTS 101 C Introductory Mathematics I 2 1 0 3
GNS 101 R Use of English I 2 0 0 2
GNS 103 R Information Literacy 1 0 0 1
TOTAL 22
Second Semester
Code Hours Unit
L T P U
MTS 102 C Introductory Mathematics II 2 1 0 3
MTS 104 C Introductory Applied Mathematics 2 1 0 3
BIO 102 C General Biology II 2 1 0 3
CHE 102 C General Chemistry II 2 1 0 3
GNS 102 R Use of English II 2 0 0 2
TOTAL 22
20
200 LEVELS
First Semester
Code Hours Unit
L T P U
PHY 209 C Introduction to Mathematical 2 1 0 3
method in Physics
PHY 251 C Physics of the Body and Mind 1 1 0 2
PHY 253 C Structure and Mysteries of DNA 1 0 3 2
CSC 201 C Introduction to Computer 2 1 0 3
Programming
GNS 201 R Man and his Environment 1 0 0 2
TOTAL 21
Second Semester
Course Code Status Course Title Contact Hours Course Unit
L T P U
PHY 202 C Electric Circuit Theory I 2 1 0 3
PHY 206 C Introduction to the Atmosphere 3 0 0 3
PHY 252 C Introduction to Medical Imaging 2 1 0 3
PHY 254 C Biophysical Forces and Motion 1 0 3 2
STA 122 C Statistics for Physical Science 3 1 0 4
PMT 202 R Principles of Economics 2 1 0 3
CSP 210 C General Agriculture (Practical) 0 0 6 2
TOTAL 21
Course Status Course Title Contact Course Unit
Code Hours
L T P U
PHY 351 C Quantum Biophysics 3 0 0 3
PHY 353 C Dynamical Processes in Biophysics 2 0 0 2
PHY 355 C Bioelectromagnetism I 2 0 0 2
PHY 357 C Macromolecular Structures and Dynamics 2 1 0 3
PHY 359 C Laboratory Techniques in Biophysics 1 0 3 2
PHY 361 C Molecular Signaling 1 0 3 2
21
TOTAL 22
Second Semester
Code Hours Unit
L T P U
PHY 352 C Cellular Biomechanics 2 1 0 3
PHY 354 C Mathematical Modeling in Biophysics 2 1 0 3
PHY 356 C Bioelectromagnetism II 1 0 3 2
PHY 358 C Material Science for Biophysics 2 1 0 3
PHY 360 C Statistical Methods in Biophysics 2 1 0 3
MTS 302 R Complex Analysis I 2 1 0 3
PMT 302 R Practical Skills in Entrepreneurship 0 0 9 3
TOTAL 20
Elective course
code Unit
L T P U
PHY 362 E Modeling the Living Cell 2 0 0 2
400 LEVELS
First Semester
Code Unit
L T P U
PHY 441 C Introduction to Nanoscience and 2 1 0 3
Technology
PHY 461 C Macromolecular Spectroscopy 2 1 0 3
PHY 463 C Molecular Biophysics Technique 2 0 0 3
PHY 465 C Macromolecular Binding 2 1 0 3
PHY 467 C Biophysics of Diseases 1 1 0 2
PHY 469 C Medical Physics Imaging and 2 0 0 2
Therapies
PHY 471 C Bioinformatics 2 0 0 2
PHY 473 C Single Molecule & Cell Biophysics 0 0 6 2
TOTAL 20
22
Elective courses
code Unit
L T P U
PHY 475 E Laboratory in Molecular 2 0 0 2
Evolution: Using ancestral
PHY 477 E Biomedical Research and Careers 3 0 0 2
PHY 479 E Physical Epigenetics 2 0 0 2
Second Semester
Code Unit
L T P U
Presentation
TOTAL 12

Code Hours Unit
L T P U
PHY 551 C Neurophysics 3 0 0 3
PHY 553 C Spectroscopy and its Application 2 0 0 2
in Biophysical Reactions
PHY 555 C Methods in Molecular Biophysics 2 1 0 3
PHY 557 C Environmental Biophysics 2 0 3 3
PHY 559 C Nuclear and Particle Biophysics 2 1 0 3
PHY 599 R Final Year Students’ Project 0 0 18 6
TOTAL 20
Elective courses
code Hours Unit
L T P U
PHY 561 E Biophysical Chemistry 2 0 0 2
PHY 563 E Cellular and Molecular 3 0 0 2
23
Physiology
PHY 565 E Biosensors 2 0 0 2
Second Semester
Code Hours Unit
L T P U
PHY 552 C Bioenergetics Origin, Evolution and 2 1 0 3
Logic Living Systems
PHY 554 C Single Molecule and Cell Biophysics 3 0 0 3
PHY 556 C Computational Biophysics 2 1 0 3
PHY 558 C Thermodynamics of Biological 2 1 0 3
Macromolecules
PHY 560 C Molecular and Cellular System in 2 0 0 2
Biophysics
TOTAL 16
Elective courses
code Unit
L T P U
PHY 562 E Structural Biology of Chromatin 2 0 0 2
PHY 564 E Nuclear Energy Systems and 2 1 0 3
Biophysics
Electives may also be chosen from Computer Sciences. Electrical/Electronics, GNS, Engineering
and other areas of Physics e.g. Applied Geophysics. Medical Physics and Meteorology
C = Core Course
E = Elective course
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COURSE DESCRIPTION
PHY 101 – GENERAL PHYSICS I (MECHANICS) (3 UNITS)

Space and Time, Frames of Reference, Invariance of physical laws, Relativity of simultaneity,
Relativity of time intervals, relativity of length, units and dimension; standards and units, unit
consistency and conversions. Kinematics, Vectors and vector addition, Components of vectors, Unit
vectors, Products of vectors. Displacement, Time and average velocity, instantaneous velocity,
average acceleration, motion with constant acceleration, freely falling bodies, position and velocity
vectors, acceleration vector, projectile motion. Motion in a circle and Relative velocity.
Fundamental laws of mechanics: forces and interactions, Newton’s first law, Newton’s second law,
mass and weight, Newton’s third law. Statics and dynamics: application of Newton’s laws,
dynamics of particles, frictional forces, dynamics of circular motion.
Galilean invariance, universal gravitation, gravitational potential energy, elastic potential energy,
conservative and non-conservative forces. Work and energy, kinetic energy and the work-energy
theorem, power, momentum and impulse, conservation of momentum, collisions and momentum
conservation, elastic collisions, centre of mass. Rotational dynamics and angular momentum,
angular velocity and acceleration, energy in rotational motion, parallel axis theorem, torque, torque
and rotation about a moving axis, simple harmonic motion and its applications. The simple
pendulum, damped oscillations, forced oscillations and resonance.
PHY 102 – GENERAL PHYSICS II (ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM) (3 UNITS)
Co-requisite – IMC 102
Electrostatics: Conservation law of electric charges, electrons and electrostatics, Coulomb’s law,
electric field and forces, electric field lines, electric dipoles, charged particles in an electric field,
charge and electric flux, Gauss’ law and its applications, electric potential, electric potential due to a
single charge, electric potential due to a dipole, electric potential due to continuous charge
distribution, equipotential surfaces. Conductors and currents: electric current, resistors and
resistance, electric power, capacitors in series and parallel, energy storage in capacitors and electric
field energy, Gauss’ law in dielectrics. Magnetism: magnetic field, magnetic field lines and
magnetic flux, motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field, magnetic force on a current carrying
conductor, Ampere’s law, Biot-Savart law, electromagnetic induction, inductance, self-inductance,
mutual inductance, Maxwell’s equation, electromagnetic waves and oscillations.
PHY 103 – GENERAL PHYSICS III (2 Units)
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Molecular treatment of properties of matter, Elasticity; Hooke’s Law, Young’s shear and bulk
moduli. Hydrostatics; Pressure, buoyancy. Archimedes Principles. Hydrodynamics; Streamlines
Bernoulli and continuity equations. Turbulence, Reynold’s number. Viscosity; laminar flow,
Poiseuille’s equation. Surface tension; adhesion, cohesion, capillarity, drops and bubbles.
Temperature; the zeroth law of thermodynamics; heat; gas laws of thermodynamics; Kinetic theory
of gases. Applications relating to Hydrostatics and Hydrodynamics
PHY 107 – GENERAL PHYSICS LABORATORY I (1 UNIT)
The experiments to be demonstrated and carried out by the students include: Mechanics:
Measurement of time, simple pendulum, compound pendulum, measurement of acceleration due to
gravity (g), moments, determination of moment of inertia, measurement of viscosity, use of force
board, law of momentum. Optics: reflection using plane mirror, convex/concave mirror,
concave/convex lens, refraction using a prism, critical angle, apparent depth/real depth, simple
microscope, compound microscope. Electricity: Ohm’s law, heating effect of a current, internal
resistance of a cell, meter/Wheatstone Bridge, potentiometer measurement of electrochemical
equivalent (ece), plotting of magnetic field. Heat: measurement of
specific heat capacity of water and a solid, expansion of gas experiment using a long capillary tube,
Joule’s law. Sound: resonance tube, Sonometer.
PHY 108 – GENERAL PHYSICS LABORATORY II (1 UNIT)
The course comprises of experiments drawn from core subjects of fundamental relevance to the
understanding of basic sciences. Electricity: Ohm’s law, heating effect of a current, internal
resistance of a cell, meter/Wheatstone Bridge, potentiometer measurement of electrochemical
equivalent (ece), plotting of magnetic field. Heat: measurement of specific heat capacity of liquid
and solid, expansion of gas experiment using a long capillary tube, Boyle’s and Charles’s law.
Sound: resonance tube, Sonometer.
PHY 201 – ELEMENTARY MODERN PHYSICS (3 UNITS)
Pre-requisite – PHY 102
Special Relativity, Defects in Newtonian Mechanics, the speed of light, the Lorentz transformation,
transformation of velocities. Experimental basis of quantum theory; Black body radiation, electrons
and quanta, Bohr’s theory of atomic structure, De Broglie hypothesis, the uncertainty principle;
Schrodinger’s equation and simple applications.
PHY 202 – ELECTRIC CIRCUITS AND ELECTRONICS (3 UNITS)
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D.C. Circuits: Kirchoff’s Law, sources of emf and current, Network analysis and circuit theorems.
A.C. Circuits: Inductance, capacitance, the transformer, sinusoidal wave-forms, rms and peak
values, electric power, impedance and admittance, series RLC circuit, Q factor, resonance, Network
analysis and circuit theorems, filters. Electronics: semiconductors, the pn-junction, field effect
transistors, bipolar transistors, characteristic and equivalent circuits; amplifiers, feedback.
PHY 203 – ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (1 UNIT)
Energy: Terminology and concept; energy in surroundings, kinds of energy and its conversion;
mechanical energy, electrical energy, wave energy, thermal energy. Energy use, alternative energy;
wind power, biomass, solar, nuclear, tidal energy from oceans. Energy efficiency, saving energy,
renewable and non-renewable, energy conservation and energy crisis. Relationship between energy
and environment. The elements which gives an effect to living things; temperature, light, water,
ecology and adaptation, hospitable environment; ecology and ecological equilibrium, pollution,
preservation of environment. Pollution problems; avid rain, greenhouse effect.
PHY 204 – WAVES AND OPTICS (3 UNITS)
Pre-requisites – PHY 101, PHY 102
Wave phenomena: Acoustical waves, the harmonic oscillator, damped oscillation, forced oscillation,
resonance, equations of simple harmonic oscillation, waves on a string, waves in pipes; closed pipes,
open pipes, end correction. Energy in wave motion, longitudinal waves, standing waves, super
position of waves; group and phase velocity, Doppler effect, physical optics, spherical waves,
electromagnetic spectrum, interference; Young’s double slit, thin film. Diffraction: Frannhofer
diffraction, crystal diffraction, polarization of waves, holography, dispersion and scattering.
Geometrical optics: rays and beams of light, images in plane and curved mirrors, reflection and
refraction at plane surfaces. Mirror formula, reflection at spherical surfaces, thin lenses, spherical
aberration, optical lenses, prisms, spectrum of light.
PHY 205 – THERMAL PHYSICS (3 UNITS)

Pre-requisites – PHY 103
The foundation of classical thermodynamics including the zeroth and definition of temperature; the
first law of thermodynamics, work, heat and internal energy, Carnot cycles and second law of
thermodynamics; entropy and irreversibility, thermodynamic potentials and the Maxwell relations.
Applications: Qualitative discussion of phase transitions; third law of thermodynamics, ideal and
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real gases, Elementary kinetic theory of gases including Boltzmann counting, Maxwell-Boltzmann
law of distribution of velocities. Simple applications of the distribution law.
PHY 206 – INTRODUCTION TO THE ATMOSPHERE
(3 UNITS)
Geographical, hydrostatic equation, static stability, solar and terrestrial radiation, principles of
radiative transfer, moisture variables, lapse rate, types and characteristics of atmospheric stability.
Atmospheric layers and characteristics. Geostrophic and thermal winds, vertical fluxes of heat,
Types of clouds and their classification. Precipitation, distribution of water vapour and temperature.
PHY 207 – EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS I (1 UNIT)
The laboratory course consists of a group of experiments drawn from diverse area of Physics
(Optics, Electromagnetism, Mechanics, Modern Physics etc). i.e. experiments on determination of
moment of inertia of a bar using a bifilar suspension, determination of the moment of inertia of
flywheel, principles of moment, principles of kinematics, spiral spring, determination of the
acceleration of gravity by means of a compound pendulum, coefficient of static and dynamic friction
for wood, determination of the refractive index of a prism, determination of the focal length of an
inaccessible converging lens by Newton’s method, determination of the focal length of a converging
lens by location of virtual images, determination of the focal length of a converging lens by the self-
conjugate method. Determination of the focal length of a diverging lens using a concave mirror and
a converging lens, determination of the focal length of a converging lens by displacement method,
determination of the focal length of a convex mirror using a plane mirror and a converging mirror.
PHY 208 – EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS II (1 UNIT)
Calibration of a voltmeter using a potentiometer circuit, determination of the emf of a thermo-couple
and the boiling point of salt solution using a potentiometer circuit, measurement of the resistivity of
the material of a wire, comparison of two nearly equal low resistance using the Carey-foster bridge,
calibration of ammeter using a potentiometer circuit, determination of the temperature coefficient of
resistance of a copper coil, use of potentiometer as an ideal voltmeter and use of potentiometer to
compare two emfs, determination of unknown length of wire, determination of the specific latent
heat of ice, determination of the specific heat capacity of a liquid by method of electrical heating,
determination of the cubical expansivity of water at various temperature ranges, determination of the
thermal conductivity of a good conducting material (searis’s method), determination of specific heat
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capacity of a liquid by method of cooling, determination of specific heat capacities by method of
mixture, determination of apparent coefficient of expansion of a liquid, determination of saturated
vapour pressure of water at different temperature, determination of specific heat capacity of water by
the continuous flow method, heat loss from surfaces.
PHY 209 – INTRODUCTION TO MATHEMATICAL METHOD IN PHYSICS
(3UNITS)
Physical problems relating to first order differential equations, existence of uniqueness and second
order ordinary differential equations with constant coefficient. Essence and interpretation of
equations with constant coefficient. Theory of higher order differential equations. Stability of higher
order differential equations. Differential equations and sensitivity to initial conditions. Singularity
functions systems. Laplace transforms solution of initial value problems in two independent
variables and convolution integrals. Fourier series and Fourier transform in relation to
electronics/power systems and other applications.
PHY 210 – BASIC ELECTRONICS (4 UNITS)
Resistance and Resistors: Types of resistors, resistors combinations, resistor power ratings,
determination of resistor values, resistor problems and resistor in AC and DC circuits. Capacitance
and Capacitors: types of capacitors, capacitor combinations, capacitor working voltage ratings,
determination of capacitor values and capacitors in AC and DC circuits. Inductors and
Transformers: types of inductor and transformers, inductor combinations, transformer power ratings,
inductor and transformer troubles, inductors and transformer in AC and DC circuits. P-n junction
devices: types of diodes (e.g. general-purpose and special purpose diodes), operation of the general
purpose diodes in the forward and reverse modes. Circuit application of LEDs, Zeners and their
common troubles. Characteristics and mode of operations of Bipolar junctions transistor (BJT) and
field effect transistors. P-N junction devices. Small signal amplifiers: transistors biasing techniques,
amplifier in the common emitter (CE) common base (CB) and common collector (CC) modes. AC
analysis of small signal BJT amplifiers. Load line analysis, evaluation of input impedance, voltage
gain, output impedance.
Combinational logic circuit: logic gate, truth tables, gate conversions, Minterms and Maxterms.
Simple circuit design using universal logic gates. Oscillators and Timing circuits: feedback, types of
oscillators, conditions for oscillation, Wien bridge oscillator, phase-shift oscillators and Astable
multi-vibrator. Electronics before the invention of solid state devices: triodes, valves and other
devices that uses thermionic emission. Laboratory instruments: Digital Multimeters (DMMs),
function generators, cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO)
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PHY 241 - ENERGY TECHNOLOGY AND USAGE (2 UNITS)
Pre-requisites: PHY 103, PHY 203
Overview of present energy industry and their environmental impact. Fossil fuel; coal, petroleum
and natural gas formation and exploration, reserve distribution, production, transport, refinement,
final consumption, waste disposal and the carbon cycle. Description of the mechanical structure,
configuration and efficiency of various fossil-fueled power plants and automobile engines. Carbon
footprints and their relationship to global warming. Nuclear policies adopted by various
governments. Nuclear weapon proliferation concerning the risk of large scale accidents like
Chernobyl (1986) and Fukushima (2011).
PHY 251—Physics of the Body and Mind (2 UNITS)
This course covers how the human body functions and malfunctions from a physics perspective by
applying basic physical principles to organs, cells, and biomolecules. It employs extensive A/V and
CAI materials, and is intended for Biophysics majors and/or students interested in the application of
physics to biology, biochemistry, physiology, psychology, genetics, medicine, bioengineering and
related life sciences. It provides an introduction to topics in biomechanics, biophysics, and medical
physics including biosensors.
PHY 252 — Introduction to Medical Imaging (3 UNITS)

Surveys of the methods of the general modern medical imaging for clinical and scientific purposes;
highlighting basic concepts in chemistry, physics, and biochemistry and especially the biophysical
foundations upon which all current tools for biomedical imaging rest. Topics include the underlying
science of radiography, computed tomography (X-rays of a selected plane of the body), diagnostic
ultrasound, and nuclear medicine. Magnetic resonance imaging in the context of its historical
development and through “reverse engineering.” i.e. understanding how the images are created.
Societal implications of imaging such as radiation risks, health care costs, and future directions in
medical research.
PHY 253 — Structure and Mysteries of DNA (2 UNITS)
This course introduces students to the field of biophysics and its role in the life sciences. The
historical example of the discovery of the structure of DNA by Watson and Crick is discussed, and
students will have the opportunity to re-create the original experiments that led to the discovery of
how DNA governs inheritance. DNA dynamics. DNA-protein interaction. Circular DNA.
Molecular mechanisms that comprise the Central Dogma and variants. DNA structure and function,
replication, transcription, and translation.
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PHY 254 — Biophysical Forces and Motion (2 UNITS)
This course will introduce biophysics through developing an understanding of forces and energetics
in biological materials. Topics covered will include: life in a low Reynolds
number world (Brownian motion and diffusion), entropic forces, biochemical bonding, molecular
motors and understanding nerve impulses (collective behavior). Biophysical methods such as atomic
force microscopy, optical tweezers, single molecule microscopy and advanced fluorescence
microscopy techniques (FRAP, FRET, FCS, two-photon, SHG, etc.) will also be discussed
PHY 301 – ANALYTICAL MECHANICS I (3 UNITS)
Pre-requisites – IMC 201
Newtonian Mechanics: motion of a particle in one, two and three dimensions; systems of particles
and collision theory; equilibrium of a system of particles. Newtonian gravitation, conservative forces
and potentials, oscillations, central force problems, accelerated frames of reference, rigid body
dynamics, equilibrium of a rigid body, displacement of a rigid body. Generalized motion; mechanics
of continuous media.
PHY 302 – ANALYTICAL MECHANICS II (3 UNITS)
Degrees of freedom; generalized coordinates and constraint. Work and potential energy. Lagrange’s
formulation of mechanics and applications. Hamilton’s formulation of mechanics and its
applications. Hamilton-Jacobi equation and waves of constant action, free space and its
applications, invariance and conservation laws. Oscillatory systems, including damped force and
coupled oscillations; Normal modes, stability and normal modes of vibration. The Calculus of
variations and the action principle.
PHY 303 – ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY I (3 UNITS)
Pre-requisites – PHY 201 and 203
Fields: Vector and scalar fields. Electrostatics and Magnetostatics. Electric field; electric field due to
a line displacement and displacement density. Coulomb’s law. Electric potential; potential due to a
distribution of charges, electric potential due to a dipole, earth’s potential, equipotential surfaces,
electric properties of materials. Gauss’s law. Laplace’s equation and boundary value problems;
multiple expansions, dielectric and magnetic materials. Faraday’s law. Motional emf,
Electromagnetic Induction, Biot-Savart law, Ampere’s law, Energy in Magnetic fields.
PHY 304 – ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY II (3 UNITS)
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Maxwell’s equations; implications of Maxwell’s equations. Electromagnetic potentials. The wave
equation. Propagation of waves: conductors and dielectrics, plane waves in a conducting medium,
plane waves in perfect dielectric with small loss, propagation in good conductors, poynting vector,
skin or penetration depth. Energy of electromagnetic waves. Reflection and refraction of
electromagnetic waves: reflection from a perfect conductor at oblique incidence, ratio of reflected to
incident electric field strength, Brewster angle. Transmission lines: two wire open time, coaxial
cables, strip and micro strip, wave guides and optical fibres. Transmission line classification:
lossless line, low-less line, low frequency line, high frequency line, distortionless lines. Phase and
group delay.
PHY 305 – QUANTUM PHYSICS (3 UNITS)

Wave-particle duality and the uncertainty principle, basic 7principles of quantum theory; the time
dependent and time independent Schrodinger equation, applications of Schrodinger equation to the
free particles, particle in the infinite and finite potential wells, the three dimensional box, and their
applications. The simple harmonic oscillator and its applications. Reflection at, and transmission
through a potential steps, finite potential barrier and their applications.
PHY 306–STATISTICAL AND THERMAL PHYSICS (3 UNITS)
Pre-requisite – PHY 103 and PHY 305
Basic concept of statistical mechanics: microscopic basic of thermodynamics and applications,
macroscopic systems, equilibrium of an isolated system and system in a heat bath, perfect classical
gas, quantum mechanical ensemble, velocity distribution, grand canonical ensembles, Fermi Dirac
distribution function, application of Fermi Dirac statistics, distribution function, condensed states,
phase transformations, quantum distributions, elementary kinetic theory of transport processes,
fluctuation phenomena. Applications of statistical and thermal physics.
PHY 307 – EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS III (1 UNIT)
Mini courses on important experimental techniques. Topics covered include optics: determination of
refractive index of glass prism, and of a liquid medium using graphical method. Determination of
the focal length of a convex lens using different methods. Mechanics: determination of the effective
32
mass of a spring. Determination of the acceleration due to gravity. Determination of the radius of
gyration of a wheel and axle. Investigation of how the time of vibration varies with length of
vibrating string. Determination of moment of inertia. Sound: determination of the velocity of sound
using a resonance tube.
PHY 308 EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS IV (1 UNIT)
Measurement of the Young Modulus for a wire, measurement of the coefficient of state and dynamic
function, measurement of viscosity By Stokes law; measurement of temperature and melting point
by the thermocouple, investigation of the resistance of a LDR on diameter of holes on wooden box,
investigation of variation of stretched string with length, parallel plates capacitors, relationship
between capacitance of conductive parallel plate and (i) separation distance (ii) surface area of
plates, determination of dielectric constant.
PHY 310 – BASIC AMPLIFIERS (3 UNITS)
Pre-requisite – PHY 210 and 315
Frequency response analysis of electronic amplifiers. Calculation of input resistance, output
resistance, current voltage and power gains using h and t parameters. Common-base, Common-
emitter and Common-collector amplifiers. Oscillators: RC oscillators; Phase shift and Wien bridge.
LC oscillators; colpitts, clap and Hartley oscillators. Introduction to OP-amps. Use of op amps as a
summer, differentiator, integrator and differential amplifier. Power amplifiers, instrumentation
amplifier, field effect transistor circuits, stabilized power supplies and voltage regulation circuits.
Transducers. Noise and interference in systems. Introduction to multi stage amplifiers. Differential
amplifier circuits.
PHY 313 – ELECTRIC CIRCUIT THEORY (3 UNITS)
General outline of linear circuits and linear circuit analysis, linear transformations, one port and two
port networks, single phase sinusoidal alternating current circuits, locks diagrams, polyphase
circuits, network topology. The methods of symmetrical components, some properties of three phase
systems, examples of networks of unbalanced impedances. Distribution parameter networks. Ladder
networks, periodic non-sinusoidal currents in linear circuit, Fourier series, harmonics in three-phase
systems. Conventional filter design and operation. Operational methods of transient analysis of
distributed parameter networks, non-linear a.c. circuits, frequency response of electrical networks.
Bode plots. Poles and zeroes and time delay, root-locus concepts.
PHY 314 – SOLID STATE PHYSICS (3 UNITS)
33
Crystal structure: Different types of crystal structures, packing fraction, planes and directions, Miller
indices, x-ray diffraction, Bragg’s law and indexing of x-ray in crystals, binding forces in crystal,
different types of Fermi energy, Bose-Einstein bonding in crystals. Elastic properties of solids,
medlung constant, binding energy per electron of crystals.
Lattice vibration, lattice heat capacity of solids, Einstein model, Debye model, free electron theory
of metals. Superconductivity: occurrence of superconductivity, type I and II superconductors,
messiner effect, theories of superconductivity, BCS theory of superconductivity, Josephson’s effect
and applications
PHY 315–INTRODUCTORY SOLID STATE ELECTRONICS

(3 UNITS)
Electrical conduction in metals and semiconductors, energy barrier, motion of electrons in electric
and magnetic fields, Hall Effect, Thermoelectric effects, Photoelectric and Secondary Electronic
Emissions Phenomena. Photo-conduction. Devices based on Photoelectric effects, photoconductive
and secondary emission effects. Photomultipliers and Photodiodes. Intrinsic and extrinsic
semiconductors, fabrication of simple devices, p-n junction, bipolar and field effect transistor. Solar
cells.
PHY 317 – SPECIAL RELATIVITY (2 UNITS)
Galilean transformations and limitation of Newtonian mechanics, constancy of speed of light.
Michelson-Morley experiment. Lorentz-Einstein transformations. Space-time diagram, event and
world lines. Proper time and time dilation. Proper distance and length contraction. Simultaneity of
events, relativistic addition of events. Doppler Effect. Relativistic kinematics and dynamics, mass-
energy equivalence, four vectors, Space-time and energy-momentum, invariants relativity and
electric and magnetic fields. Invariance of Maxwell equation.
PHY 318 – Electronics Practical II (1 UNITS)
Single stage amplifiers: Common emitter, common base, common collector, Multistage amplifiers,
Power supplies and voltage regulators, Power amplifiers.
Oscillators: Wien bridge, Hartley and Colpitts, FET, its characteristics common source and common
drain amplifiers.
PHY 319 – Electronics Practical I
I-V Characteristics of the diode. Rectifier circuits: Half-wave, full wave and full wave bridge
rectifier circuits. DC – to – DC converters, buck converter, wave-shaping circuits: clamping circuits,
34
clipping circuits, voltage transfer characteristics of the diode; photo diode, photo detectors, LEDs,
LDR, Forward current transfer ratio, silicon control rectifier, Transistor as a switch.
PHY 341 - INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS (2 UNITS)

Pre-requisites – PHY 210
This is an introductory course on electric power systems and electrical to mechanical energy
conversion. Electric power systems have become increasingly important as a way of transmitting
and transforming energy in industrial, military and transportation uses. They are also at the heart of
alternative energy systems, including wind and solar electric, geothermal and small-scale
hydroelectric generation. This course covers fundamentals of energy-handling electric circuits,
power modeling of magnetic field devices and description of their behavior using appropriate
models; analysis of power electric circuits, magnetic circuits, and elements of linear and rotating
electric machinery; models of synchronous, induction, and DC machinery; the interconnection of
electric power apparatus and operation of power systems.
PHY 342 - ENERGY ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT (1 UNITS)
Pre-requisite: PHY 102
Application of economics principles in energy supply and demand; study of local, national, and
global energy markets; energy planning, forecasting, and demand management; impact of
government policies including taxation, regulation and deregulation, control of emissions, and
carbon credit auditing and trading; examination of energy supply chain: design of networks, use of
optimization tools; impact of new technologies.
PHY 343 – RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES (2 UNITS)
Pre-requisites –
Introduction to renewable energies, applications, calculations and design, feasibility etc. Future
energy sources. Carbon footprints. Standalone systems, simulation and system design, component
sizing, housing and layout. Specification design, impact cost, and performance of grid connected
systems. Relevant power system issues. Environmental Impact Assessment. Environmental issues
associated with various types of renewable energy technologies.
PHY 344 – MATERIAL SCIENCE FOR ENERGY PHYSICS (3 UNITS)
Pre-requisite: PHY 203, PHY 209
35
Introduction to the concept of materials energy content (production, processing, use and recycling),
discussion on various energy efficient technology. Efficient energy harvesting (e.g. solar cells,
nuclear materials, hard materials for oil/gas recovery, composites for wind energy, thermoelectric),
energy transformation (e.g. fuel cells, light emitting diodes, engines and turbines) and energy
storage. Thermodynamics and kinetics of electrochemical processes. Materials for fuel cells,
batteries and electrochemical capacitors, including electrolytes and electrodes. Electrical and mass
transport. Effect of microstructure. Electrochemical characterization. Device configurations.
PHY 345– ENERGY PHYSICS DESIGN WORKSHOP I (1 UNITS)
Introduction to design systems. Students will work on different energy designs. Excursion is
advised in this course. Introduction to techniques of micro- and nanofabrication, including solid
state, optical and microfluidic devices.
PHY 346– ENERGY PHYSICS DESIGN WORKSHOP (1UNITS)
Students will be trained to use fabrication and characterization equipment available in the applied
physics micro and nanofabrication lab. Topics include: Schottky diodes, MOS capacitors, light
emitting diodes, microlenses, microfluidic valves and pumps, atomic force microscopy, scanning
electron microscopy, and electron beam writing.
PHY 348 - CLIMATE SCIENCE AND POLICY (2 UNITS)
Introduction to the science of climate change, policy making and climate change, modeling and
predicting climate change, understanding climate change and its impacts in the universe, impact
assessment, vulnerability, risk management, impact on insurance and finance, climate science,
policy and society, introduction to the law and politics of climate change. Climate negotiations,
mitigation and adaptation policies and uneasiness.Climate change and international development.
PHY 351 — Quantum Biophysics (3 UNITS)
This course introduces students to physical chemistry (and to the pioneers of these theories) using a
biomolecular approach. The underlying principles of quantum mechanics are covered first and then
utilized to understand the basic principles of spectroscopy (electronic, vibrational, rotational and
magnetic resonance) and other quantum phenomena such as electron/proton tunneling in enzymes.
Molecular orbital calculations that can be completed with pencil and paper on simple organic
molecules are also covered, giving students a view of theoretical chemistry. Armed with the tools of
quantum chemistry, students shall learn that the laws of thermodynamics can be formulated in terms
of the properties of atoms and molecules that make up macroscopic systems. Students will then
utilize these concepts to understand the workings of (bio) molecular machines. Mathematical topics
36
are reviewed before using them to develop biophysical chemistry concepts. The outcome of this
course will provide students with the ability to understand research problems in biotechnology and
medical fields from a physical chemistry perspective.
PHY 352 — Cellular Biomechanics (3 UNITS)
This course develops and applies scaling laws and the methods of continuum mechanics to
biomechanical phenomena over a range of length scales. Topics include: structure of tissues and the
molecular basis for macroscopic properties; chemical and electrical effects on mechanical behavior;
cell mechanics, motility and adhesion; biomembranes; biomolecular mechanics and molecular
motors. Experimental methods for probing structures at the tissue, cellular, and molecular levels will
also be investigated.
PHY 353 — Dynamical Processes in Biophysics (2 UNITS)
The physical basis of diffusive processes in biology and biochemistry, and optical spectroscopic
means for measuring its rates. Topics include: membrane electrical potentials, nerve impulses,
synaptic transmission, the physics of chemoreception by cells, motion and reaction kinetics of
membrane components, optical microscopy, visible and UV light absorption, fluorescence and
phosphorescence, quasielastic light scattering, mathematics of random fluctuations, and chaotic
processes in biology.
PHY 354 —Mathematical Modeling in Biophysics (3 UNITS)
Mathematical modeling of living systems. Basic models in mathematical biophysics: unlimited
growth, exponential growth (auto catalysis), limited growth (Verhulst equation), constrained growth
(monod and michaelis-Menten), competition and selection, Jacob and Monod trigger systems,
Lotka-Volterra models, models of species interaction, models of enzyme catalysis. Oscillations and
rhythms in biological systems: oscillations and glycolysis, fabrication, including solid state, optical
and microfluidic devices.
PHY359 — Laboratory Techniques in Biophysics (2 UNITS)
This hands-on course teaches essential laboratory skills in Biophysics. Experiments cover sample
preparation intracellular calcium oscillations, cellular cycles. Spatio-temporal self-organization of
biological systems: waves of life, autowaves and dissipative structures, Brusselator model, models
of morphogenesis, Belousov-Zhabotinskii (BZ) reaction, theory o nerve conductivity. Physical and
mathematical models of biomacromolecules: molecular dynamics, models of DNA dynamics.
PHY 355 — Bioelectromagnetism I (2 UNITS)
Basic concepts of electric and magnetic fields. Sources of magnetic and electric fields (Maxwell’s
equation). Boundary conditions for lossy and lossless materials. Electromagnetic dosimetry.
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Electromagnetic behavior as a function of size and wavelength. EM behavior at low, equal and
greater wavelength than object. Bioelectromagnetic dosimetry, electrical properties of the Human
body. Energy absorption at different frequencies. Anatomical and physiological basis of
bioelectromagnetism – nerve and muscle cells, Nerst equation, Cable equation of the Axon,
synapses, physiology of the brain and heart.
PHY 356—Bioelectromagnetism II (2 UNITS)
Bioelectric sources and conductors and their modeling. Volume source and volume conductor.
Volume sources in homogenous and inhomogeneous volume conductor. Basic models of the
volume source and volume conductor. Human body as a volume conductor. Modeling the head and
thorax. Bidomain model of multicellular volume conductors. Mathematical description of the
bidomain and anisotropy. Electronic neuron models. Electric and magnetic measurement of the
electric activity of neural tissue. The brain as a bioelectric and biomagneticgenerator,
electroencephalography, magneto encephalography. Electric and magnetic measurement of the
electric activity of the heart. 12 lead ECG system. Vectorcardiographic lead system. Basis of ECG
diagnosis. Magnetocardiography. Electric and magnetic simulation of the heart – stimulation of the
cardiac muscle, anti- tachycardia/fibrillation, pacemaker. pletysmography. Nystagmography,
Electroretinogram.
PHY 357—Macromolecular Structure and Dynamics (3 UNITS)
Thermody0namics of protein folding: Protein folding, Two-state protein folding, Differential
Scanning Calorimetry, Effect of mutations on folding, Cold denaturation, Solvent-
induceddenaturation, Protein surface area, Protein stability, Helix-coil transition. Kinetics of
chemical reactions: Chemical reactions: Terminology; Treatment; Equilibrium, First-order chemical
reactions, Second-order chemical reactions, Transition state theory Enzyme kinetics, Diffusion-
limited reactions, Relaxation to equilibrium, Consecutive reactions, Diffusion in the external field.
Protein folding kinetics Two-state folding kinetics, Stopped-Flow Fluorescence, Chevron plot,
Tanford β-value Three-state folding kinetics, nucleation, Timescales of protein motion, H/D
exchange, Nucleation mechanism of protein folding. Stochastic processes, Markov Process, Random
walk: Poisson Process, Brownian Motion: Langevin Equation, Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem,
Fokker-Plack Equation
PHY 358 – Material Science for Biophysics (3 UNITS)
Introduction to the concept of materials science content (production, processing, use and recycling),
discussion on various material efficient technology processes. Efficient energy harvesting (e.g. solar
cells, nuclear materials, hard materials for oil/gas recovery, composites for wind energy,
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thermoelectric), energy transformation (e.g. fuel cells, light emitting diodes, engines and turbines)
and energy storage. Thermodynamics and kinetics of electrochemical processes. Materials for
Biofuel cells, batteries and electrochemical capacitors, including electrolytes and electrodes.
Electrical and mass transport. Effect of microstructure. Electrochemical characterization.
PHY 360 – Statistical methods in Biophysics (3 UNITS)
The course discusses statistical methods and algorithms for analysis of high-throughput experiments
in molecular biology, using analysis of gene expression microarrays as a leading example. The
objectives of the course are: Introduce relevant biological concepts, and describe the existing high-
throughput technologies and biological questions that these technologies can help answer. Discuss
statistical methods that have become standard when analyzing these data, as well as open research
problems in this field. Discuss data structures and implementation of the methods in the R-based
open source project Bioconductor. The course is project-driven and provides hands-on experience
with data analysis, critical review of literature and communication of the results. At the end of the
course the students will be able to perform independent analysis of biological data in an
interdisciplinary environment such as a pharmaceutical company, or a computational biology
research lab.
PHY 361- Molecular Signaling (2 UNITS)

Molecular mechanisms of cellular signaling including receptor activation, desensitization and cross
talk, signal transduction pathways, and nuclear receptors. Discussion includes a variety of cell
surface receptors and their hormone; growth factor and extracellular matrix activators; protein
kinases; caspase and transcription factor downstream signals; lipids, gases and cyclic nucleotides as
regulators of cell signalling.
PHY 362-Modeling the Living Cell (2 UNITS)

Introduction to physical and mathematical models used to represent biophysical systems and
phenomena. Students will learn algorithms for implementing models computationally and perform
basic implementations. We will discuss the types of approximations made to develop useful models
of complex biological systems, and the comparison of model predictions with experiment.
PHY 401 – QUANTUM MECHANICS I (3 UNITS)
Pre-requisites – PHY 305 and PHY 209
The formulation of quantum mechanics in term of state vectors and linear operators: Definition and
properties of linear operators, adjoint operators, null operators, complex operators, Schrodinger
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equation from operator formalism, Schrodinger equation in momentum representation,
Representation of state vectors and state Function in terms of matrix. Dirac Bra and Ket notation,
Eigen values and Eigen function. Three dimensionally spherically symmetric potentials. Solution of
Schrodinger equation in spherically symmetric potential. Free particle in a spherically symmetric
potential, the hydrogen atom. Theory of angular momentum and spin.
Definition of angular momentum in term of operators, communication relating in angular
momentum, Rotation of angular momentum, Eigen values of angular momentum and L 2. Spin
angular momentum and their representation, Pauli spin matrix identical particles and exclusion
principle, Symmetric and anti-symmetric wave function and their construction, Slater determinant,
Boson and Fermions, Spin-half particles in a box and study of their properties. Method of
approximation: Semi- classical approximation (WKB approximation), the Rayleigh-Ritz
approximation, Time independent perturbation theory for stationary state. Multi-electron atom,
control field approximation, Determination of the central potential; The Hartree-Fock or self-
consistent Field method, Thomas Fermi Model.
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PHY 402, PHY 404 and PHY 406 – SECOND SEMESTER PLUS LONG VACATION
(4 UNITS EACH)
(SIWES) FORM A
Industrial Attachment (Log book personal Data): Organisational profile, Daily Record of student
activities, Project assigned, special design(s), weekly record of work done, Monthly comments.
Biodata, programme appraisal, accomplishments, design and evaluation.
Industrial Attachment (Report write-up based on the industrial experience gained): Write-up
contains four chapters, defense of report in the department.
PHY 405 – MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN PHYSICS I (3 UNITS)
Pre-requisite – IMC 209
Linear algebra and functional analysis: Transformation in linear vector space and matrix theory.
Hilbert space and complete sets of orthogonal functions. Special Functions of Mathematical physics.
The gamma function, hyper-geometric functions, Legendre functions, Bessel functions. Hermit and
Languerre function. The Dirac Delta function. Integral Transforms, Fourier series and Fourier
transforms, Laplace transform. Application of transform methods to the solution of elementary
differential equations of interest in Physics and Engineering.
PHY 407 – COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS (3 UNITS)
Use of numerical methods such as Trapezoidal rule, Simpson’s rule, Gaussian quadrature, linear
interpolation, Finite difference, self-consistent solution of some problems in Physics, Numerical
differentiation, Finite difference approximation.
Numerical solutions of differential equations in Physics. Concept of error and statistical analysis in
Physics, various methods of numerical integration, differentiation. Statistical analysis of
experimental data. Computer programming in Fortran, Basic and Visual Basic: rudiments of
computer programming.
PHY 409 – ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION (3 UNITS)
Principle of measurements, errors, accuracy. Units of measurement and electrical standards. Detailed
construction of measuring instruments (moving coil and moving iron meters). Types and effects of
damping on these instruments. Detailed description of the wattmeter, Q-meter and semiconductor
testers, circuit diagrams of synchronous and asynchronous semiconductor counters of modulo 10
and 12 using CMOS and TTL integrated circuits. Digital voltmeter. Use of 7106 and 7107 integrated
circuits for LED and LCD displays. Operational amplifier for measurement of ac and dc voltage and
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current. Introduction to the design of electronics instruments for the measurement of temperature,
resistance, liquid level, speed etc.
PHY 415 – DIGITAL ELECTRONICS (3 UNITS)
The transistor as a switch, power dissipation, base over drive, storage drive and switching speed.
Logic gates: AND, OR, NAND, NOR, EX-OR, EX-NOR. Truth tables, noise margin, totem pole,
open collector and tristate outputs, TTL, CMOS, NMOS and ECL. Combinational systems, Boolean
algebra, identities, De-Morgan’s law, Karnaugh maps, Quinne McClusky Minimization by computer
aided techniques. The half and full Adder. Flip-flop: R-S, J-K and D types, Edge and level trigger,
master- slave types, the shift register. Circuit techniques. Oscillators sine wave amplitude control,
sequencing, frequency stability, waveform discrimination. Practical ramp generators. Conversion
techniques; frequency to voltage, staircase generation, analogue to digital, Digital to Analogue.
Termination of pulsed lines, Beageron diagram. Low noise amplifier design. Use of discrete
components for minimum noise.
PHY 417 – ELECTRONIC LABORATORY TECHNIQUES (2 UNITS)
This laboratory course consists of a group of experiments drawn from various topics in electronics
such as the characteristics of FETS, single stage common emitter, common base and common
collector amplifiers, common source and common drain FET amplifiers. Multi stage amplifiers
using BJTS and FETS. Construction and measurement of the characteristics of phase shift, Wien
bridge, Colpitts, Hartley and tuned collector oscillators. Stabilized power supplies using BJTs and
OP-amp as the control element. Characteristics and uses of OP-amps as an inverter, summer,
differentiator and integrator.
Characteristics and uses of logic gates as counters and registers. Construction of weighted resistor
and R - 2R digital to analogue converters. Flash, dual slope, counter type and ramp analogue to
digital converters.
PHY 419 – INTRODUCTION TO TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS (3 UNITS)
Modulation: Amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, phase modulation systems; Radio and
T.V. systems: modes of transmission; waveguides, radio waves, satellite communications. Lines
loses: Types of transmission lines, lobby lines, lossless lines, propagation constant, attenuation
constant and characteristics impedance of transmission lines. Networking, Topology, Digital
transmission. Radar: Principles of radar, radar equation, types of radar. Telephone: Parts of the
telephone, making a call.
PHY 441 – INTRODUCTIONTO NANOSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (3 UNITS)
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Introduction and classification; concept of nanoscience, nanomaterials and nanoscale. Description
of nanomaterials; bottom-up, top-bottom, quantum mechanics of nanodimension (quantum dot).
Statistics of small essembles; molecular transport and thermodynamics.Nanoscale momentum and
energy transfer; ballistic/diffusive transport. Surface and interface interactions; adhesion, surface
tension, lubrication.
Nanophase materials; design, synthesis and characterization .Nanodevice thermal and fluiding
managements. Nanoscalebiometic devices and system. Nanoscale sensing; nanometrology and
actuation. Nanosystem energy conversion. Nano-manufacturing; challenges and opportunities.
PHY 443 -FLUID DYNAMICS (2 UNITS)
Topics in solving the Navier-Stokes equations using modern computational methods, such as
Marker-in Cell, collocated meshes, boundary fitted meshes with transformation, finite volume
methods, and special numerical methods for compressible flow. Numerical techniques of adding
numerical viscosity, shock capturing, and adaptive mesh resolution. Review of thermodynamics,
Fundamentals of fluid mechanics including kinematics, the stress tensor, vorticity, circulation, and
basic equations. Inviscid flow and wave motion, Bernoulli’s equation; potential flow,thin air flow
theory, surface gravity waves, buoyancy-driven flows, advanced control volume analysis, including
non-inertial reference frames. One-dimensional gas dynamics, shock waves, rarefaction and a
coustic waves.
PHY 445 - BIO-ENERGY (2 UNITS)

Pre-requisites: PHY 205, PHY 363, PHY 365
Biofuel, namely fuel produced through chemical engineering processes of biomass, represents a
major alternative and sustainable source of energy. Characteristics and thermochemistry of fuels;
structures and combustion energy of fuel molecules; related biochemistry and enzymology;
biochemical conversion processes; ethanol production from carbohydrate-based biomass; biodiesel
production from lipid-based biomass; hydrogen and methane production from organic and waste
products; fermentation and alkane production; chemical engineering processes of biofuel
production; biofuel economics, policies, and research and development; field trip to bioenergy farm.
An excursion is suggested in this course. Students are required to identify and design their own
solutions to solve problems in biofuel industry.
PHY 447: INTRODUCTION TO SUSTAINABLE ENERGY (2 UNITS)

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Pre-requisite: PHY 323, PHY332, PHY 203
Introduction to various energy technologies based on the principle of sustainability and sustainable
development. Energy and material flows of relevance to selected renewable energy technologies
(solar, wind and biomass) and comparison with fossil energy technologies. Climate system and its
response to greenhouse gas emissions. Implication of the interactions between population, energy
consumption, living standards and climate change for sustainable development. Developing a
strategic sustainable energy plan for a region with specific focus on influence of energy
consumption on environmental indicators.
PHY 449 – ENERGY LABORATORY TECHNIQUES (2 UNITS)
This laboratory course consists of a group of experiments drawn from various topics in electronics
relevant to energy installation and management such as the characteristics of FETS, single stage
common emitter, common base and common collector amplifiers, common source and common
drain FET amplifiers. Multi stage amplifiers using BJTS
nd FETS. Construction and measurement of the characteristics of phase shift, Wien bridge, Colpitts,
Hartley and tuned collector oscillators. Stabilized power supplies using BJTS and OP amp as the
control element.Characteristics and uses of OP amps as an inverter, summer, differentiator and
integrator. Characteristics and uses of logic gates as counters and registers. Construction of weighted
resistor and R-2R digital to analogue converters. Flash, dual slope, counter type and ramp analogue
to digital converters.
PHY 451 – ISSUES OF GLOBAL CHANGE (2 UNITS)
This course explores the social issues and rapidly evolving legal and regulatory frameworks relating
to climate change and the global challenges of the 21st Century. Students will gain a comprehensive
understanding of the key drivers of global change including security, equity, and sustainability. The
course compares and evaluates various international policies and legal frameworks, social impact
assessment and engagement, and the resilience paradigm for organization and communities.
PHY 453 – POWER ELECTRONICS AND APPLICATIONS (2 UNITS)
This course familiarizes the students with basic power switch technology and associated electronic
circuits. In this course, power electronic circuits and switching devices such as power transistors,
MOSFETs, SCRs, GTOs, IGBTs, and UJTs are studied. Their applications in AC/DC, DC/DC,
DC/AC and AC/AC converters as well as switching power are considered.
PHY 461– Macromolecular spectroscopy (3 UNITS)
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Theoretical principles and applications of NMR spectroscopy for the study of biological
macromolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids and carbohydrates, in solution. Schemes for
magnetization transfer, selective excitation, water suppression, decoupling, and others are presented.
The application of these techniques to proteins for resonance assignments, structure determination,
and dynamics characterization is studied. Introduction to Biomolecular NMR, Assignment of
Protein NMR Spectra, Assignment using 15N and 13C Labeling, Data Harvesting and Structure
Determination, Residual Dipolar Couplings, Protein Dynamics, Using NMR to study Intrinsically
Disordered Proteins, Using NMR Spectroscopy to Study Protein Folding and Partially Folded
Proteins, Protein-ligand interactions by NMR, Solution NMR Studies of Membrane0 Proteins,
Principles and applications of biological solid state NMR, Solid-state NMR for protein structure
determination, NMR of Nucleic Acids, Use of NMR for identification and conformational
determination of oligosaccharides and related alkaloids
PHY 463 – Molecular Biophysics Laboratory (3 UNITS)
An inquiry based laboratory course covering experimental biophysical techniques to introduce
fundamental physical principles governing the structure/function relationship of biological
macromolecules. Students will investigate a “model protein”, staphylococcal nuclease, the
“hydrogen atom” of biophysics. Using a vast library of variants, the effect of small changes in
protein sequence will be explored. A variety of techniques will be used to probe the equilibrium
thermodynamics and kinetics of this system; chromatography, spectroscopy (UV-Vis, fluorescence,
circular dichroism, nuclear magnetic resonance), calorimetry, analytical centrifugation, X-ray
crystallography and computational methods as needed for analysis. These methods coupled with
perturbations to the molecular environment (ligands, co-solvents, and temperature) will help to
elucidate protein function.
PHY 465 – Macromolecular Binding (3 UNITS)

All biological processes require the interactions of macromolecules with each other or with ligands
that activate or inhibit their activities in a controlled manner. This course will discuss theoretical
principles, logic, approaches and practical considerations used to study these binding processes from
a quantitative perspective. Topics will include thermodynamics, single and multiple binding
equilibria, linkage relationships, cooperativity, allostery, and macromolecular assembly.
Some biophysical methods used in the study of binding reactions will be discussed. Computer
simulation and analysis of binding curves will be used to analyze binding data, and binding schemes
and examples from the scientific literature will be reviewed and discussed
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PHY 467–Biophysics of Diseases (2 UNITS)
This course deconstructs current and emerging diseases in terms of the malfunctioning of nucleic
acids, proteins, and membranes and interactions between them. The diseases covered will include
Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (or Mad-Cow disease), HIV, a variety of
bacterial infections, and other biological disorders. A variety of biophysical methods for dissecting
diseases at the atomic level will be surveyed, including NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography,
cryo-electron microscopy, single molecule imaging, and computational methods. The course will
also emphasize how a basic biophysical understanding of diseases can guide the rational design of
therapeutics, to include: Infectious diseases, Molecules of Life (Biophysical Principles), Viral
Infections, Bacterial Infections, Health Conditions, and Rational Approaches to Drug Discovery.
PHY 469 — Medical Physics Imaging and Therapies (2 UNITS)
This course introduces biomedical imaging techniques and medical physics based therapies,
elucidates the physical principles behind them, and discusses the interaction of different kinds of
radiation with biological matter. Examples for covered imaging techniques are ultrasound, X-ray
imaging, CAT scan, MRI imaging, and positron emission tomography. Relevant radiotherapy
methods include the gamma knife, brachytherapy, and proton-beam therapy.
PHY 471—Bioinformatics (2 UNITS)
This course covers computational techniques for mining the large amount of information produced
by recent advances in biology, such as genome sequencing and micro array technologies. Main
topics of the course include: DNA and protein sequence alignment, sequence motifs/patterns,
phylogenetic trees, protein structures: prediction, alignment, classification, microarray data analysis:
normalization, clustering, and biological networks.
PHY 473 — Single Molecule & Cell Biophysics (3 UNITS)
The course will focus on relevant mechanical properties and functions of biological systems on the
Nano- and micron-scale. One focus is on biological polymers and on how these are part of
intelligent and material economic tensegrity structures. The principle behind tensegrity structures is
similar to the architectural principles behind the construction of, e.g., bridges and skyscrapers. In
addition, there will be focus on cellular movement, this involving single molecule motors and bio-
polymerization, which is a topic that is also relevant for development of wide-spread diseases as,
e.g., Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The course also goes through novel remarkable force-
scope and microscopy techniques that allows for studying fundamental actions of the molecular
building blocks of life. Emphasis will be on how the single molecule results are obtained, how they
complement, and in certain cases contradict, results obtained at the ensemble level. The course will
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invoke the most recent non-equilibrium theories to correctly describe and understand results
obtained at the nano-scale level. As the course deals with very recent research results, it is also based
on scientific papers, and an important aspect of the course is a critical assessment of primary
literature. Each student is expected to read two articles assigned for each week and submit a written
summary. All students will take turns presenting the assigned articles to class.
PHY 475 — Laboratory in Molecular Evolution: Using ancestral (2 UNITS)
The availability of genomic sequences from a vast number of species has enabled the reconstruction
of ancestral proteins. In this course we will reconstruct the genes of ancestral proteins and study the
physical properties of proteins coded for by "extinct" genes. To examine the evolutionary
mechanisms whereby modern proteins obtained their remarkable physical and functional properties,
we will focus on understanding how the physical properties of proteins evolved hand-in-hand with
changing environmental conditions such as pH, temperature, pressure, ionic strength, oxidative
stress, etc
PHY 477—Biomedical Research and Careers (2 UNITS)
Lecture Series designed for those curious about a career in life sciences, medicine and public health.
A novel format combining presentation with didactic interviews gives a broad view of a range of
research topics, experimental approaches and logistics, and practical applications as well as career
paths. Emphasis is on the excitement of scientific explorations not an abundance of the technical
facts and figures.
PHY 479— Physical Epigenetics (2 UNITS)
Epigenetics describes information heritable during cell division other than DNA sequence per se.
Recent advances show the critical role of epigenetics in controlling gene expression, embryonic
development, and common human diseases such as cancer. This course will introduce fundamental
epigenetic principles with a focus on mechanisms, modeling, and physical principles, relationship to
genetics, and application to understanding human disease mechanisms.
PHY 501 – QUANTUM MECHANICS II (3 UNITS)
Pre-requisites – PHY 401 and IMC 209
Time-independent perturbation theory: Stationary perturbation theory, second order correction and
Higher order wave function, The perturbed harmonic oscillator, Gravitational energy shift in atomic
hydrogen, Time-independent perturbation theory for degenerate energy level, Doubly degenerate
energy level, Quasi-degenerate states, The stark effect, The Fine structure constant and anomalous
Zeeman effect. Time Dependent perturbation theory: variation of constants, General features of
time-dependent perturbation theory, Transition probability, Thomas-Fermi golden rule, time
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dependent perturbation theory for non-degenerate and degenerate cases; Two-level system. Time-
independent perturbation theory for transitions. Scattering theory; Basic definitions and general
features of the scattering potential, Method of partial waves, Applications of natural wave method,
Resonance scattering, scattering by hand sphere potential, nucleon-nucleon scattering, nucleon-
proton scattering, Transition matrix, The Bohr approximation, Green’s Function of the Schrödinger
equation for a single particle and time – dependent Green’s Function theory, elastics potential
scattering.
Green’s function and partial wave methods. Selected phenomena from each of atomic physics,
molecular physics, Solid State Physics and nuclear Physics are described and then interpreted using
quantum mechanical models.
PHY 502 – CONTROL THEORY (3 UNITS)
Basic concepts and examples of control systems. Introduction to Laplace transform: theories of
Laplace transform derivation of inverse transform. Use of Laplace transform in the solution of
differential equations. Reduction of control problems to block diagrams. Block diagram algebra.
Reduction of control problems to differential equations and solution of second order differential
equation with step input, impulse input and sinusoidal input. Laplace transform and its use in the
solution. Feedback, time response analysis, concept of stability, Routh Hurwitz criterion. Root locus
techniques. Frequency response analysis, polar and Bode plots, Nyquist stability criteria, Nichol’s
chart, compensation technique and introduction to non-linear systems.
PHY 503 – SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY (3 UNITS)
Pre-requisite – PHY 210 and 401
The chemical physics of semiconductors, preparation, purification, growth of simple crystals,
evaluation of chemical structural properties, doping effect, mechanical and metallurgical properties.
Thermodynamic and kinetic consideration in crystal growth from melt and by chemical vapour
transport techniques. Scanning and transmission, electron microscopy, X-ray Photograph, photo
luminescence and mass spectroscopy, Si, Ge, GaAs, GaP, InSo and other common compound
semiconductors, their preparation and measurements of electrical properties. Processing of
semiconductor material for device fabrication. Formation of P-N junction. Luminescence and
Luminescent materials, Photo emissive and photoconductive materials. Materials for IC’s and their
fabrication
PHY 504 – VACUUM PHYSICS AND THIN FILM TECHNOLOGY (3 UNITS)
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Design and characteristics of vacuum systems; different types of vacuum pumps and their uses,
measurement of low pressure, different types of pressure gauges, use of valves and other vacuum
materials. Industrial uses of vacuum systems, vacuum heating, furnace, induction heating, electron
bombardment heating.
Thin Film Technology
Vacuum evaporation by various means, evaporation sources and techniques, substrate and surfaces
preparation for thin film deposition in vacuum. Epitaxial growth processes. Heat treatment of thin
film, compatibility of film and substrates, sputtering techniques. Deposition of thin insulating films
by Rutherford sputtering, preparation and use of masks for thin film deposition. Characterization
and application of thin films.
PHY 505 - MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN PHYSICS II (3 UNITS)
Partial Differential Equations: Solution of boundary value problem of partial differential equations
by various methods which include; separation of variables, the method of integral transforms.
Sturm-Liouvelle theory, Uniqueness of solutions. Calculus of residues and applications to evaluation
integral and summation of series. Applications to various physical situations which may include
electromagnetic theory, quantum theory, diffusion phenomena.
PHY 509 – SOLID STATE PHYSICS II (3 UNITS)
Dielectric properties of solids, polarization, plasma, oscillation in solids, polaron and its
dispersion relation. Molecular field theory, classical and Quantum theories of magnetism.
Applications of magnetic materials, concepts of defects in solids, imperfections in solids, Frenkel
defects, Schokky defects and Einstein’s diffusion equation. Magnetic properties of materials;
magnetic susceptibility, paramagnetism, diamagnetism, ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetism,
ferrimagnetism, domain theory, Langevin theory of diamagnetism and paramagnetism. Quantum
theory of magnetism, magnetic resonance, imperfection in solids, Frenkel and Schokky defects,
Fick’s law, Einstein’s law and diffusion of imperfections in solid.
PHY 512 – ENERGY CONVERSION AND STORAGE (3 UNITS)
Theory of modern energy conversion, transmission and storage methods; Windmills, Heat engines,
Classical engines. Ocean thermal energy converters, techno-electric, thermionic, fuel cells,
production of hydrogen, electrolytic, chemical thermolytic, photolytic, hydrogen storage.
Photoelectron converters, photo thermo-voltaic converters. Biomass, Photosynthesis, production of
methanol and ethanol from vegetable matter.
PHY 517 -THEORY OF ELECTRONIC DEVICES, DESIGNS AND FABRICATION
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(3 UNITS)
Fabrication, design and application of micro-circuits, IC technology, doping process, fabrication of
simple devices, p-n junction, LEDs, transistors. Classification of Integrated Circuits, merits of
Integrated Circuit (IC), Bipolar monolithic circuits, Metal-oxide silicon (MOS) IC’s, Hybrid ICs,
thin and thick-film techniques, basic processes in thin film technology, anodization, thin film
resistors, thin film capacitor, thin film inductors, substrates, thick film components, monolithic
techniques, basic fabrication sequence, growth and refining of silicon crystals, epitaxial process,
diffusion, surface passivation, photolithograph, metallization, isolation, monolithic transistors and
diodes,
monolithic junction FET and MOSFET, Special MOS processes, advantages and demerits of MOS
devices, Ion implantation, design guidelines for monolithic, ICs (include operanges), practical hints
on photolithograph.
PHY 518 – ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY (3 UNITS)
The hydrogen atom, the Bohr’s theory, the Bohr-Sommerfeld theory, the energy of elliptical orbits.
The relativistic correction and its effects. Electron spin and the vector model of the atom. Identical
particles and symmetry. Many electron atoms, coupling scheme. The diatomic molecule, hyperfine
structure, Zeeman effects, Frand-condon principle, x-ray diffraction, Compton effects, reflection,
refraction and polarization of x-rays, effects of x-rays. Microwave methods, resonance phenomena,
nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), ES, optical pumping and Mossbauer Effect.
PHY 522 – SEMINAR (2 UNITS)
The students are given specific seminar topics in various areas of Physics to be researched under the
guidance of the supervising lecturer. The write-ups are submitted for grading and correction. The
assessment includes 60 percent oral presentation; averaged from all the scores of the departmental
academic staff. The remaining 40 percent is awarded by the seminar supervisor. Three copies of the
seminar are submitted to the department after the final correction.
PHY 531 – NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS I (3 UNITS)
Nuclear structure, nuclear properties: nuclear size, nuclear masses0; nuclear models, nuclear forces,
the deuteron, neutron-neutron, neutron-proton and proton-proton scattering at low energies.
Radioactive Decay; Alpha, beta, gamma decays. Nuclear reactions, reaction cross sections,
compound nucleus formation and breakup.
PHY 532 – NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS II (3 UNITS)
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Radiation sources: fast electron, internal conversion, Auger electrons, charged particle sources,
sources of electromagnetic radiation, annihilation radiation, Bremsstrahlung, characteristic x-ray,
synchrotron radiation. Nuclear Instrumentations and radiation detection techniques; detectors,
nuclear spectroscopy. Neutron physics; Production and detection of neutrons. Nuclear reactor,
nuclear energy, Fission and fusion. Elementary particles: Conservation laws, partial classification.
Strong electromagnetic and weak interactions, nuclear astrophysics, heavy-ions physics, particle
production, quantum chronodynamics, quark density functions, CP violations and heavy quarks.
PHY 534 – INTRODUCTION TO ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS – ELECTIVE
(3 UNITS)
Geographical, hydrostatic equation, static stability, solar and terrestrial radiation principles of
radiative transfer, moisture variables, lapse rate, types and characteristics of atmospheric stability.
Atmospheric layers and characteristics. Geostrophic and thermal winds, vertical fluxes of heat,
Types of chonids and their classification. Precipitation, distribution of water vapour and
temperature.
PHY 599 – FINAL YEAR STUDENT’S PROJECT (6 UNITS)
Independent research project topics from all areas of Physics: Solid State Physics, Nuclear and
Health Physics, Atmospheric/Communication Physics, Instrumentation and Electronics,
Environmental Physics. The students are provided with research topics under lecturer’s supervision.
The research is either experimental or theoretical. The work is done under close supervision by
assigned lecturer. The assessment includes supervisor’s grade, oral presentation and external
examiner’s grade.
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PHY 541 - WIND AND GEOTHERMAL ENERGY (3 UNITS)
Wind Energy: Placement: wind atlas, atmospheric boundary layer and turbulence, influence of the
terrain and annual wind distribution. Aerodynamics: two-dimensional aerodynamics and three-
dimensional effects. Use of strip theory to determine the enery production for a rotor with a given
twist and chord distribution.Control of a wind turbine (stall-, pitch-, and variabel speed control).
Structure: aerodynamic and inertial loads. Computation of the fatigue loads. Grid connections or
standalone application as wind diesel or pumps. Electrical conditions: calculation of
electromagnetic components. Generator topologies including geared generators vs. direct drive
generators, and converter connection vs. direct grid connection. Societal and industrial context,
innovation and economics: history of wind power and industrial structure, energy and innovation
policy context, innovation.
Main characteristics of low-, medium-, and high-enthalphy geothermal reservoirs in various tectonic
settings, including thick continental sediment basins, continental and oceanic rifts. Hydrothermal
aquifers; magmatic systems; fracture zone systems; hot dry rock (HDR); enhanced geothermal
systems; and deep geothermal resources. DC-resistivity depth soundings and profiling; EM and MT
surveys; magnetic surveys, earthquake monitoring; seismic measurements and seismic reflection.
Geochemical methods used to evaluate the chemical composition of geothermal fluids and gases;
methods of sampling, analysis and interpretation of results The design, thermodynamics
performance, and economics of geothermal power plants for electricity generation – direct (dry)
steam plants, single-, double-, and multiple-flash plants; binary-cycle plants, hybrid plants
(including Kalina), and combined heat and power (CHP) plants. Power plant efficiency.Power plant
equipment or components including turbines, generators, condensers/evaporators/heat exchangers,
separators, pipes, pumps production/injection wells, etc.Corrosion or scaling potential. Capital cost,
operation and maintenance (O & M) costs. Environmental impacts of geothermal utilization, and
mitigation.
PHY 542 - ENERGY HARVESTING DEVICES AND SYSTEMS (3 UNITS)

Pre-requisites: PHY 332
Principles of energy harvesting from wind, wave, water flow and vibration. Component and system
design. Control and power conditioning circuits.Modeling and performance analysis and
optimization.Mechanical energy of vibration, shocks, deformation etc and simulation of energy
harvesting systems.Applications.
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PHY 543 - FUNDAMENTALS OF ADVANCED ENERGY DYNAMICS (2 UNITS)
Macroscopic and microscopic analysis of direct and indirect energy conversion in thermochemical,
electrochemical, thermomechanical and other processes. Material includes chemical
thermodynamics and kinetics in homogeneous and heterogeneous environment; kinetic theory and
transport phenomena in energy systems, critical flow processes and how they impact performance.
Applications to systems utilizing fossil fuels, hydrogen, and renewable resources, including
electrochemical cells, catalysis, photovoltaics, supercritical and combined cycles. Examples from
very large-scale power plants to microscale energy and propulsion devices will be used to
demonstrate the approach and the future trends.
PHY 544 – NUCLEAR ENERGY (3 UNITS)
Review of basic concepts in nuclear physics – elementary particles, nuclear fission and fusion.
Nuclear power plant systems - nuclear power plant layout; reactor dynamics; reactor start up and
process control, waste treatment. Risk management - assessment and management of nuclear safety;
radiation, exposure and environment impact; safety assessment. Group design project involving
integration of nuclear physics, particle transport, control, heat transfer, safety, instrumentation,
materials, environmental impact and economic optimization. Applications of nuclear and non-
nuclear principles to practical problems of current interest in nuclear plant design. Knowledge about
using fusion reactor for transmutation of nuclear waste, design and development of a nuclear reactor
for the mission to mars e.t.c.
PHY 545 - FUNDAMENTALS OF ENERGY IN BUILDINGS (2 UNITS)
Pre-requisites:
Introductory thermodynamics and heat transfer, leading order factors in building energy use, and
have creatively employed their understanding of energy fundamentals and knowledge of building
energy use in innovative building design projects. Through fundamental concepts of solar resource,
heat transfer, and air flow, students will critically assess the factors that affect building energy use
such as building orientation and layout, building materials and assemblies, and passive heating and
cooling strategies.
PHY 546 – ENERGY TECHNOLOGY AND CONTROL THEORY (2 UNITS)
Basic principles of energy technology and the production of energy in a manner that takes efficiency
and the conservation of resources into consideration, control engineering and the relationships
between smart grids and smart buildings. Climate change and its causes, energy industry,
assessment of innovative technologies, overview of the automation systems used in buildings, the
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planning processes used for heating and ventilation systems, the process associated with sanitary
planning, air-conditioning. Basic concepts and examples of control systems. Reduction of control
problems to differential equations and solution of second order differential equation with step input,
impulse input and sinusoidal input Feedback, time response analysis, concept of stability, Routh
Hurwitz criterion. Root locus techniques. Frequency response analysis, polar and Bode plots,
Nyquist stability criteria,
Nichol’s chart, compensation technique and introduction to non-linear systems.
PHY 547 – LOW ENERGY BUILDING AND PHOTOVOLTAICS (2 UNITS)
There is currently significant interest in reducing energy use and greenhouse gas production in
buildings by designing buildings that are climate-appropriate, implementing energy efficiency
measures and producing energy from renewable sources. Prediction of building thermal, lighting
performance and solar access, and techniques for energy efficient design will be introduced, with a
focus on residential buildings. A competency in the use of building energy simulation software will
be developed. Photovoltaic (PV) is one of the few renewable electricity generation options that can
be readily used in urban areas and has no environmental impacts at the site. This course will
examine the integration of PV modules into the building envelope. Technical issues associated with
the use of PV in buildings and the urban environment, such as heat transfer processes, partial
shading, and mismatch and system citing, sizing and configuration will be investigated. System
performance assessment and prediction will be introduced.
PHY 548 - SOLAR ENERGY AND PHOTOVOLTAIC TECHNOLOGY (2 UNITS)
Introduction to solar energy technologies; semiconductors for photovoltaics; working principle and
performance evaluation of photovoltaic cells (PVs); photovoltaic technologies (crystalline PVs, thin
film PVs, and organic and nanostructure based PVs); solar panel system design; cost aspects, market
development and environmental impact of photovoltaic industry.
PHY 551—Neurophysics (3 UNITS)
Basic biophysics of neurons and synapses; a review of commonly used experimental and theoretical
techniques of measuring, quantifying and simulating neural dynamics; neural variability and noise,
brain rhythms and their role in behavior; mechanisms of interaction between biophysics of synapses
and cells and their role in perception of objects, space and time, reward seeking, learning, sleep and
the role of dreams in learning. This is an instruction-based course with a significant amount of time
devoted to teaching students how to write simple codes in MATLAB to interpret brain activity and
to simulate brain function.
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PHY 552 — Bioenergetics: Origins, Evolution and Logic of Living Systems (3 UNITS)
An introduction to the mechanisms of energy flow within cells and between organisms and the
environment. Cellular respiration and photosynthesis, organismal physiology and locomotion, and
ecological interactions. Introduction to metabolism – Krebs cycle, Glycolysis, Calvin cycle,
fermentation. Cellular respiration and fermentation. Photosynthesis.
PHY 553 — Spectroscopy and Its Application in Biophysical Reactions (2 UNITS)
Fundamentals of quantum mechanics underlying various spectroscopies (absorbance, circular
dichroism, fluorescence, NMR); application to characterization of enzymes and nucleic acids. cw-
EPR experiment, fine- and hyper fine interaction, dipole- and quadrupole-coupling, analysis of
isotropic and an-isotropic spectra, relaxation theory, g-tensor theory, double resonance methods
(ENDOR, ELDOR, TRIPLE), dynamic effects and spin exchange. Instrumentation. Oxymetry, spin
trapping, spin labeling, EPR-based radiation dosimetry.
PHY 554 — Single Molecule & Cell Biophysics (3 UNITS)
This (elective) course offers an introduction to the field of single molecule and single cell biophysics
to second and third year undergraduate students in biophysics. We will examine technologies such
as single molecule fluorescence, force measurements and single cell fluorescence detections that
enable high precision molecular visualizations in vitro and in cells. In addition, we will cover topics
of genome engineering, cell mechanics and optogenetics toward the end of the semester. Each
student is expected to read two articles assigned for each week and submit a written summary. All
students will take turns presenting the assigned articles to class.
PHY555 — Molecular Biophysics Laboratory Techniques (3 UNITS)
An advanced inquiry based laboratory course covering experimental biophysical techniques to
introduce fundamental physical principles governing the structure/function relationship of biological
macromolecules. Students will investigate a “model protein”, staphylococcal nuclease, the
“hydrogen atom” of biophysics. Using a vast library of variants, the effect of small changes in
protein sequence will be explored. A variety of techniques will be used to probe the equilibrium
thermodynamics and kinetics of this system; chromatography, spectroscopy (UV-Vis, fluorescence,
circular dichroism, nuclear magnetic resonance), calorimetry, analytical centrifugation, X-ray
crystallography and computational methods as needed for analysis. These methods coupled with
perturbations to the molecular environment (ligands, co-solvents, and temperature) will help to
elucidate protein function.
PHY 557 – Environmental Biophysics (3 UNITS)

55
An introductory course covering the energy problem and alternative solutions; radiation and its
effects on man; the eye and vision; the ear, hearing and noise pollution; electrical power production
alternatives and the environmental costs; some instruments used in biophysics and medicine.
Illustrated fundamental contributions from biophysics and quantitative and physico-chemical
approaches to study of complex biological systems. Focus on the physical and structural basis of
viral infectivity, emphasizing replication cycles and evolution and structural biology of human
pathogens such as HIV and influenza. Waste disposal and decontamination procedures,
Experimental epidemiological and model calculations.
PHY 556— Computational Biophysics (3 UNITS)
This course introduces several computational approaches to the study of biological macromolecules.
Students will learn to use computational tools to carry out and analyze molecular simulations and
how to work in a UNIX networked environment. A major goal is to understand molecular systems
as ensembles. No programming experience is required.
PHY 559— Nuclear and Particle Biophysics (3 UNITS)
Nuclear structure, nuclear properties: nuclear size, nuclear masses; nuclear models, nuclear forces,
the deuteron, neutron-proton and proton-proton scattering at low energies. Radio-active Decay;
Alpha, beta, gamma decays. Nuclear reactions, reaction cross sections, compound nucleus formation
and breakup. Elementary quantum theory; nuclear forces; shell structure of the nucleus; alpha, beta,
and gamma radioactive decays; nuclear reactions; fission and fusion.
PHY 558— Thermodynamics of Biological Macromolecules (3 UNITS)
Introduction to the principles of thermodynamics and kinetics as applied to the study of the
relationship between structure, energy dynamics, and biological function of proteins and nucleic
acids. Topics include of classical, chemical, and statistical thermodynamics, kinetics, theory of
ligand binding, and conformational equilibria.
PHY 560— Molecular and Cellular Systems in Biophysics (2 UNITS)

This course covers the principles of biological networks, with an emphasis on computational
analysis. Networks ranging from simple biochemical pathways to genome-scale metabolic,
regulatory, and signaling networks will be studied. Topics include dynamic modeling of biochemical
pathways, steady-state analysis of cellular metabolic networks, inference of gene regulatory
networks using –omics data, and systems biology approaches to studying signal transduction.
PHY 561— Biophysical Chemistry (3 UNITS)
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This course covers classical and statistical thermodynamics, spanning from simple to complex
systems. Major topics include the first and second law, gases, liquids, chemical mixtures and
reactions, conformational transitions in peptides and proteins, ligand binding, and allostery. Methods
for thermodynamic analysis will be discussed, including calorimetry and spectroscopy. Students will
develop and apply different thermodynamic potentials, learn about different types of ensembles and
partition functions. Students will learn to use Mathematica and will use it for data fitting and for
statistical and mathematical analysis. Background: Calculus, Organic Chemistry, and Introductory
Physics.
PHY562 — Structural Biology of Chromatin (2 UNITS)
Focus is on structural and physical aspects of DNA processes in cells, such as nucleosomal
packaging, DNA helicases, RNA polymerase, and RNA inhibition machinery. Topics are meant to
illustrate how the structural and chemical aspects of how proteins and nucleic acids are studied to
understand current biological questions.
PHY 563 — Cellular and Molecular Physiology (3 UNITS)
How cells and molecules function as parts of whole organisms. Topics include speeds of diffusion,
motor proteins, and animal motility; bacterial size, shape, and chemotaxis; sensory and neuronal
mechanisms; osmosis; mucosal protective mechanisms; cellular and organismic circulation and
respiration.
PHY 564 — Nuclear Energy Systems and Biophysics (3 NITS)
Review of basic concepts in nuclear physics – elementary particles, nuclear fission and fusion.
Nuclear power plant systems - nuclear power plant layout; reactor dynamics; reactor start up and
process control, waste treatment. Risk management-assessment and management of nuclear safety;
radiation, exposure and environment impact; safety assessment. Group design project involving
integration of nuclear physics, particle transport, control, heat transfer, safety, instrumentation,
materials, environmental impact and economic optimization. Applications of nuclear and non-
nuclear principles to practical problems of current interest in nuclear plant design. Knowledge about
using fusion reactor for transmutation of nuclear waste, design and development of a nuclear reactor
for the mission to mars e.t.c.
PHY 565 — Biosensors (2 UNITS)
Design of natural and artificial devices for characterizing the physical and chemical environment
inside and outside living cells. Detection of metabolites, toxins, pathogens and cancers. Molecular
and nanoparticle probes. Immunosensors. NucleicEdit ap acid sensors and DNA chips. Enzyme-
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based biosensors. Organism and whole cell-based biosensors. Natural and synthetic receptors for
biosensors. Remote diagnosis.
REGULATION GOVERNING ACADEMIC PROGRAMMES IN THE DEPARTMENT

Definition of unit and type of courses
a. The Unit of a Course is defined in relation to the semester duration. This is equivalent to a
lecture duration of one hour weekly for one semester of about 15 teaching weeks or three/four
hours every week, in the laboratory for one semester of same duration (15 weeks) or the
equivalent in workshop of field work time. The size of course shall, as much as possible, tea
maximum of three units and its duration shall be one semester except for projects and design
courses which may carry more than three units and may last more than one semester;
b. A Core course is one which must be registered for and passed by a student to get the degree,
and is counted towards the classification of his/her degree.
c. An Elective course is either compulsory or optional. A compulsory elective shall be counted
towards the classification of student's degree. An optional elective is a course that may be
taken by the student and may not be counted towards the classification of his/her degree;
d. a University required course is a compulsory course prescribed by the University which may
be passed before a student can graduate, it would also count towards the classification of the
degree;
e. An audited course is one which the student attends without writing an examination in it;
f. Pre-requisite course is one which the student must pass before proceeding to the higher
courses;
g. Co-requisite course is one which may be taken in parallel with the course for which it is
specified
(b) Student's work load
a. The maximum number of units a student can register is 24 units per semester. The minimum
number of units a student can register for is 1 5 units per semester;
b. Grading System: A five-point grading system is currently adopted as shown.
Mark Range Letter Grade
Grade Points
70–100 A 5
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60–69 B 4
50–59 C 3
45–49 D 2
40–44 E 1
0–39 F 0
(C) Computation of Results

The following terminologies and abbreviations are commonly used in the progressive computation
of students results throughout his/her five years stay in University.
i. Total Load units (TLU); this is the total number of course unites carried by a student in a particular
semester. It is the summation of the Load units on all courses carried during the semester. For
example, a student who is taking 6 courses for 3 units each has a TLU of 6 x 3 = 18 for that
semester.
Cumulative Load Units (CLU): this is the summation of total Load units over ail the semesters from
the beginning to date. A student who is prone to repeating courses will finish (if he does not drop
out) with a higher CLU than his non-repeating colleagues, and will most likely require a longer time
to complete requirements for the award of a degree.
i. Total Credit Point (TCP): This is the sum of the products of course unrts and acting in each
course, for the entire semester. For example, consider a student who took 4 courses of 3 units
each. Suppose the grades he obtained in the four courses were, A, B, C. and D respectively.
The TCP of this student is obtained as (3 x 5.0) + (3 x4.0) + (3 x 2.0) = 15.0 + 12.0 + 9.0 + 6.0
= 42.0.
ii. Cumulative Credit Point (CCP): This is the summation of total credit points overall semesters
from the beginning to date.
iii. Grade Point Average (CPA): This is the total Credit Points (TCA) divided by the total Load
Unit (TLU). For example, consider the students c = scores referred to in section (iii). His TCA
is 42.0 and his TLU is 12 (i.e. 4 courses at 3 units each for there semester) His GPA. Is
therefore 42 = 3.50. 12 The highest possible GPA that can be earned is 5.0 and that is when a
student has carried a Grade of 'A' in every course during the semester. The lowest GPA
obtained is 0.0.
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iv. Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA): This is not the summation of GPA'S for all
semester. Rather it is the summation of TCP for all semester to date divided by the summation
of TLU for the said semesters.
Like the GPA, CGPA'S obtainable range from 0.0 to 5.0.
In effect, CGPA= CCP CLU
(d) Final Assessment and Class of Degree Class
CGPA
4.50–5.00 First class
3.50–4.49 2nd Class Upper Division
2.40–3.39 2nd Class Lower Division
1.50–2.39 3rdClass
1.00–1.49 Pass
For the purpose of determining the class of degree the CGPA shall cover 100 to 500 level courses.
(e) Caution, Probation and Withdrawal from the University

A student whose CGPA falls below 1.0 at the end of the first session shall be placed on caution
during the following session. If he then falls to achieve a CGPA of at least 1.0 at end of the first
semester of the subsequent session he shall be placed on probation. A student on probation shall not
carry more than the minimum load of 15 units for the end of the semester * for which he is on
probation. A student who is unable to get out of probation at the end of the session, shall be required
to withdraw from the University, but a student who is out of probation at the end of the session shall
be allowed to carry a maximum load unit during the following semester.
(f) Dean's list: A student who obtains a GPA of 4.5 and above at the end of any semester will
have his name published on Dean's List. Each list is valid for only the one semester immediately
following the publication of the result and until the publication of the results of the following
semester.
(g) Duration of Semester: During each semester, 15 weeks (exclusive of the Christmas and
Easter Vacations and M id -semester breaks) shall normally be reversed for teaching and two
weeks for-examinations
(h) Continuous Assessment: Assessment of students" achievement shall be continuous. The student
shall be periodically informed of his/her standing in the course. The final examination for each
course shall normally be set at the end of the semester in which the course is offered. The course
60
grade will be made up of the student's score in the continuous assessment as well as the end of the
course examination. The continuous assessment shall carry a maximum mark of 40%.
(i) Procedure for Registration for course examination dropping a course Registration for a course
at the beginning of a semester shall automatically mean registration for the course and the
examination shall carried out. However, a student may drop a course,
provided he formally applies to do so within five weeks of the commencement of lectures in the
course and obtains the approval of his Head of Department.
(j) Examination Malpractices A student, who is involved in University examination Malpractices

or violates examination regulations, shall be referred for disciplinary action.
(k) Absence from Examination A student who is absent from a course examination without the
permission of his head of department during or at the end of semester, will receive a grade of 0F.
Permission may be granted only on substantial compassionate or medical grounds as approved by
the University Health Services.
(I) Repeat course Grade: When a student re-registers a course which he is actually repeating, and
takes an examination in the course he shall be credited with the actual grade scored,
(m) Attendance: In order to qualify for a course examination, a student shall be required to achieve
65% attendance of all the scheduled classes (Lectures and laboratory work for the course.
Audit of Courses A student shall be allowed to audit course(s) provided they are not core or pre-
requisite courses, after due permission has been obtain from the school concerned.
STAFF ADVISER
Each level in the department is assigned to a member of staff who acts, during the session, as a
friendly source of information and adviser on all matters concerning the academic, social and
general welfare of the students. Advisers will certainly not have immediate answers to all questions
on course choice, careers, accommodation or health problems, but they should know where to seek
help-on any of these. It is most important that students confide in their advisers about any absence
(especially protracted ones) due to illness, and particularly about health difficulties which might
affect performance in examinations. Other Services Provided by the University
(i) The Departmental Library
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The department has a library to which all students refer for their reading, references/journal
consultation etc. Membership of the library is available free and open to all students and academic,
senior administrative and technical staff of the department.
EXAMINATION MISCONDUCT AND DISCIPLINARY ACTION: INSTRUCTIONS TO

CANDIDATES
(i) There should be no smoking in the examination hall
(ii) Candidates must attend punctually at the. times assigned their papers and must be ready to be
admitted into the examination hall at least ten (10) minutes before the examination was due to
start. Although candidates arriving more than thirty (30) minutes after the examination had
started should be admitted into the examination hall, such cases should be forwarded
appropriately to the Disciplinary panel on Examination Malpractices. Candidates with the
special permission of the Chief Invigilator, might leave the room temporarily and theft only if
accompanied by an official.
(iii) Similarly, except with the special permission of the Chief invigilator, candidates must not
submit their answer scripts and leave the examination hall during the first half and the last
quarter of an hour of the examination. Candidates with the special permission of the Chief
Invigilator, might leave the room temporarily and then only if accompanied by an official.
(iv) No book or any unauthorized materials should be brought into the examination hall.
Candidates might bring with them only authorized, materials such as pens, pencils, erasers, and
any such other materials, which they were specially allowed to bring to the examination hall.
Programmable calculator, lap top calculator, data banks, mobile phones, might only be brought
to the examination hall with the special permission of the Chief Invigilator.
(v) While the examination is in progress, communication between candidates is strictly forbidden,
and any candidates found to be giving or receiving irregular assistance should face disciplinary
actions.
(vi) Silence must be observed in the examination halt. The only permissive way of attracting the
attention of the Invigilator is by the candidate raising his/her hand.
(vii) The use of scrap paper is not permitted. All rough work must be done' in the answer sheets and
crossed out neatly. Supplement answer booklets, even if they contain only rough works, must
be tied inside the main answer booklet.
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(viii) Candidates should be advised in their own interest to write legibly and avoid using faint ink.
Answers must be written in English, except otherwise instructed. Each question must be
started on a fresh page of the answer booklet.
(ix) Before submitting their scripts at the end of the examination, candidates must satisfy
themselves that they had inserted at the appropriate places their matriculation number and the
numbers of the questions they had answered.
(x) It should be the responsibility of each candidate to submit his/her scripts before he/she left the
examination hall.
Misconduct before examination
1. Misconduct Involvement, in and bearing responsibility for examination
question leakage.
Penalty Expulsion from the University.
2. Misconduct Participating in or benefiting from question leakage.
3. Misconduct Attempting to participate in and or benefit for examination question
leakage.
Penalty Suspension for two (2) semesters
4. Misconduct Coming into the examination hall within thirty (30) minutes of the
commencement of an examination.
Penalty The candidate should be allowed into the examination hall but
he/she should not be given extra time.
5. Misconduct Coming into the examination more than thirty minutes after the
commencement of an examination.
Penalty The candidates should not be allowed into examination hall and
he/she should be scored 0 (F) in the course examined.
(b) Misconduct during Examination
6. Misconduct Sitting for examination for which a candidate did not register for or
qualified to sit for.
Penalty The result of the candidate in the course should be nullified. He/she
should be scored 0 (F) and be Issued a letter of warning
7. Misconduct Representing/standing in for another in the course of an examination.
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8. Misconduct Conniving with another candidates/student /person to
represent/stand in for another man examination
9. Misconduct Destroying defacing, mutilating, swallowing of potentially
incriminating material relating to a course during the course of an
examination.
Penalty Suspension for two (2) semesters, in addition, the candidate should be
scored 0 F) in the course.
10. Misconduct Displaying of inappropriate or anti- social behavior (e.g. smoking,
singing, cat calls etc.) capable of causing delay and/or disruption of an
examination process.
Penalty: Suspension for one (1) semester
11. Misconduct Displaying of inappropriate or anti- social behavior leading to
disruption and suspension of an examination
Penalty: Suspension for two (2) semesters.
12. Misconduct Giving, or receiving, or in any way benefiting from information
relating to a course in an examination through electronic, personal
dress material, part of the body in any manner or from whatsoever
Penalty Suspension for two (2) semesters

13. Misconduct Leaving the examination hall without the permission of the Invigilator
Penalty Letter of warning. In addition, the candidate should be scored 0(F) in
the course examined
14 Misconduct Leaving the examination hall with examination material before the
end of the examination, without the permission of the invigilator
Penalty Suspension for two (2) semester
15. Misconduct Substituting or exchanging the answer script given to a
candidate in whatever manner or form, during the examination
Penalty Expulsion of all the students Involved from the University.
16. Misconduct Exhibiting insulting, rude, impolite behaviour to another student during
the course of an examination.
Penalty Letter of warning
17. Misconduct Exhibiting insulting, rude, impolite behaviour to a staff during the
course of an examination
64
18. Misconduct Physical assault on. another student during the course of an
examination.
19. Misconduct Physical assault or battery on staff during the course of an examination
Penalty Expulsion from the University
20. Misconduct Talking to or communicating with another candidate without due
permission during the course of an examination
21. Misconduct Bringing in unauthorized material (s) into the examination hall by a
candidate without proven evidence of using the material(s)
Penalty Suspension for one (1) semester. The candidate should also be scored
0 (F) in the course
22. Misconduct Bringing in unauthorized material (s) into the examination hall by a
candidate with proven evidence of using the material(s) or any part of
thereof
Penalty Suspension for two semesters. The candidate should also be score 0
(F) in the course
23. Misconduct Failure by a candidate to submit his/her answers script after taking part
in an examination.
Penalty Suspension for two academic semesters. In addition, the candidate
should be scored 0 in the course.
24. Misconduct Giving/receiving irregular assistance cheating or aiding and abetting by
a candidate/student in an examination
Penalty Suspension for two semesters.
25. Misconduct Refusal to sign the Attendant Register
Penalty Warning
Misconduct After Examination

26. Misconduct Involvement in an attempt to substitute or change or remove or effect-
changes in examination script(s), record sheet(s), attendance register or
any examination related material/document
65
27. Misconduct Gentle/Subtle exertion of influence with, a view to obtaining undue
advantage in the grading of scripts or award of marks by an internal or
external examiner.
Misconduct On-Campus
28. Misconduct Display of inappropriate or anti- social behaviour (e.g. Smoking,

Singing, Cat call, etc) capable of causing disruption of class work,
lectures, Laboratory work, etc. Penalty Suspension for one (1) semester
29. Misconduct Display of inappropriate or anti-social behaviour (e.g. Smoking, cat
call etc) capable of causing delay or disruption leading to suspension of
school activities (class work, tutorial, lecture etc)
Penalty Suspension for two semesters
30. Misconduct Insulting, rude, impolite behaviour to staff in Department or
General Offices Penalty Suspension from the University
31. Misconduct Physical assault or battery on staff in the Department or General
offices
32. Misconduct Willful damage to any University property or staff and student
property
Penalty Student shall pay cost of replacement, and be suspended for one
semester
33. Misconduct Non-willfully damage to any University property or staff and Student
property
Penalty Student shall pay cost of replacement, and be suspended for one
semester
34. Misconduct Physical assault or battery on an member of the community within the
University premises.
Penalty expulsion from the University
Off Campus Student Behaviour Misconduct
66
35. Misconduct Insulting, rude, impolite behaviour on another student outside the
University premises.
36. Misconduct Physical assault .or battery on another student outside the University
premises
37. Misconduct exhibiting insultive, rude, impolite behaviour by Students or group of
students on staff outside the University, premises.
Penalty Suspension for two (2) semesters"
38. Misconduct Physical assault or battery on a member of the community within the
University premises
GENERAL
39. Misconduct Obstruction of motorways on-campus or off-campus during or after
regular school hours. Penalty Letter of warning.
40. Misconduct Riotous behaviour on-campus or off- campus, in Bus/Taxi, Bus stops,
in the Hostels or classroom. Refusal to pay Bus/Tax fare on campus
or off campus.
Penalty Suspension for one semester
41. Misconduct Worshiping or holding religious activities in unauthorized, unapproved
places, day or night on campus premises.
42. Misconduct Luring/imprisoning falsely a fellow student or a member of staff
against his or her wish.
Penalty Expulsion from University
43. Misconduct Indecent assault of a female or male" or forceful unsolicited sex of
another student. Penalty Expulsion from the University
44. Misconduct Sexual harassment of a staff by a student.
45. Misconduct Chanting war songs or shouting of slogans by students or
group or organized students anywhere on campus or off campus
with an intention to cause disruption to University activities
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46 Misconduct Unsolicited illegal entry of a male student into the female hostel and
vice-versa
47. Misconduct Removal of minor personal items/or articles from public places
Penalty Student should pay cost of replacement of the item or article the
University enabling laws subject to the operating laws in the country
48. Misconduct Fraud, advance fee fraud embezzlement by any student or group of
students.
CAVEATS
40. Misconduct Student/candidate who had been issued a letter of warning on
account of examination misconduct or other culpable or blameworthy
act
50. Misconduct A student/candidate who had been suspended for one semester on
account of examination malpractices or other offence for two (2)
semesters
Penalty Suspension for two semesters
51. Misconduct A student/candidate who had been suspended from the University for
one session and was subsequently found culpable of any other
blameworthy act or examination misconduct.
52. Misconduct Staff member accused of involvement in any of the acts of examination
misconduct
Penalty Referral to the appropriate University investigation! Disciplinary committee
for appropriate action
DO NOT CHEAT OR BE INVOLVED IN ANY EXAMINATION MISCONDUCT
FORM IT COULD DESIRQYYOUR LIFE.

11. COURSE EVALUATION AND GRADING SYSTEM
The course evaluation is made up of
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i. Continuous Assessment, that is, Series of practical, Assignments, Tests
ii. End of Semester Examination
Continuous Assessment contributes at least 20% to the final evaluation of the course? While end of
semester examination contributes at most 80%.
12. WITHDRAWAL, SUSPENSION AND PROBATION CONDITIONS

(i) A student whose GPA is less than1 in a semester is on probation
(ii) A student whose GPA is less than 1 in any two (2) successive semesters will be- asked to
withdraw.
13. GRADUATING CONDITIONS AND DEGREE CLASSIFICATION

As contained in the table of courses, each course has an assigned unit load, an integral between 1
and 6.
At the beginning of each semester, the total load unit registered by the student, (TLU) is recorded
TLU =
‘m’ is the total number of courses registered by the student
At the end of each semester, examination scores/grades are awarded points as follows:
Score Range Grade Point (P)

70–100 A 5
60–69 B 4
50–59 C 3
45–49 D 2
40–44 E 1
0–39 F 0
The Grade point (GP) earned by a student in a course is then the product of Unit and Point (U x P).
The Total Credit Points (TCP) earned by the student is obtained as the sum of all the Credit Points
(CP) earned in each individual course registered by the student:
TCP =
At the beginning of studies:
The Cumulative Total Load Unit (CTLU) = 0
The Cumulative Total Credit Points CTCP) = 0
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TCP
The semester GPA =
TLU
The Cumulative Total Load Unit (CTLU) = Old CTLU + TLU
The Cumulative Total Credit Points (CTCP) = Old CTCP + TCP
CTCP
The Cumulative Total Grade Points (CGPA) =
CTLU
To graduate a student must have passed all core courses and all the courses he or she ever registered
for and the Cumulative Total Units Passed (CTUP) must not be less than the minimum required. The
Graduating Grade Point Average (GGPA) given as the class of degree is determined as follows:
4.50 - 5.00 First class Honours
3.50 - 4.49 Second Class Upper
2.40 - 3.49 Second Class Lower
1.50 - 2.39 Third Class
1.00 -1.49 Pass Degree
14. COURSE ADVISING
Course advisers are appointed for each level of the programme, these are responsible for counseling,
registering the students and overseeing their overall well-being while in the department
GENERAL ACADEMIC REGULATIONS FOR DEGREE COURSE
Registration Procedure:
1. Registration for a course shall normally be within the first week of resumption in a semester.
2. Late registration shall only be allowed after payment of the late registration fee and shall come
up with the week following the normal registration period.
3. Any student who fail to register up to the end of the late registration period shall be deemed to
have unilaterally withdraw from the university for that semester.
4. Registration for a course shall automatically mean registration for the course and its
examination. No formal registration for examination shall be carried out
5. A student may drop a course or add a new one provided he complete the prescribed form and
does so within four (4) weeks of the commencement of lectures in the course and obtains the
approval his Head of Department.
6. The maximum Total Load (TLU) to be carried by a student is 24 units per semester and the
minimum is 15. If it is established that a student illegally registered for more than the
maximum number of units, the best course that makes excess units shall be canceled.
70
7. Where a student has lower level course{s) outstanding such a lower level course(s) should be
registered for at the next available opportunity before registering for the higher level course
equivalent to the number of outstanding lower level courses.
8. Every-student shall register in person and cases of impersonation will be severely punished.
Submission of course registration forms on behalf of any other student shall be treated a
simper sonation and shall be severely punished.
9. Completed course registration forms duly signed by the Head of Department should be
forwarded to the registrar not later than four (4) weeks from the beginning of the semester.
10. The list of students registered for each course shall be forwarded to the Teaching
Department and the Registry not later than four (4) weeks from the beginning of the
semester.
EXAMINATION REGULATIONS, OFFENCES AND DISCIPLINARY ACTIONS

Requirements for the Examination
1. In order to be eligible for a course examination, a student shall be expected to attend a
minimum of 65% of the lecture, tutorials, -practical classes for the course in which he/she is
registered. In this-'regard, course lectures shall obtain and keep records of attendance.
2. Once a student has registered for a course and he/she has not withdrawn from the course by the
middle of the semester, he/she is automatically deemed to have registered for the course
examination.
3. No student who has entered in for an examination shall postpone or withdraw from the
examination except on acceptable medical grounds, and in consultation with the Head of
Department and the Dean of the school.
4. Candidates who fail to present themselves for an examination for reasons other than illness,
accident or some exceptional circumstances shall be deemed to have failed the course. Any
student absent on the ground of illness must produce a medical report certified by the
University Director of Health Services.
Components of Examination:
Final grades in courses shall comprise of assessment and end-of-course examination in the theory,
practical, studio, oral examination, SIWES, and otherwise specified.
Continuous Assessment
71
Students' achievement shall be based continuous assessment of the course and final examinations.
For continuous assessment, there shall normally be three tests/assignment. Each student shall be
periodically informed of his/her standing in the course. The final Examination for each course shall
normally be at the end of the semester in which the course is offered. Such final examination will
normally comprise-a theory paper, a practical/oral examination. The course grade will be made up of
the student's score in the continuous assessment-as well as-the end-of-course examination. The
continuous assessment shall carry a maximum of 40% "Unless otherwise specified.
Instructions to Candidates
1. A candidate shall be admitted into the examination hall on production of his/her student
identity card, and be properly identified to avoid impersonation.
2. There shall be no smoking in the examination hall.
Candidates must attend punctually at the times assigned for the papers, and must be-ready to
be admitted into the examination hall ten minutes before the time the examination is due to
start, candidates shall not be permitted in any circumstances to enter the examination hall more
than fifteen minutes before the time appointed for the commencement of the examination.
Candidates arriving more than half an hour after the examination has started shall be admitted
only at the discretion of the Chief invigilator. Candidate who come late shall not be allowed
extra time.
1 Candidates arriving more than"1 half an hour after-the examination has started shall be
admitted only at the discretion of the Chief invigilator. Candidates who come late shall not be
allowed extra time.
4. Similarly, except with the special 'permission of the Chief invigilator, candidates must not
leave the examination hall during the first half and the last quarter of an hour of the
examination. Outside those periods candidates with the special, permission of the Chief
invigilator, may leave the room temporarily and then only if accompanied by an official.
5. No books or any unauthorized materials shall be bought into the examination hall, candidates
may bring with them only authorized materials such as pens, pencils rubber and any such other
materials which they are specially allowed to bring to the examination hall. Note:
Programmable calculator, laptop calculator, data banks may only be brought to the
examination hall with the special permission of the Chief Examiner
72
1. While the examination is in progress, communication between candidates is strictly forbidden,
and any such candidate found to be giving or receiving irregular assistance, cheating or aiding
and abating any irregularity in an examination shall face disciplinary actions.
2. Silence must be observed in the examination hall. The only permissive way of attracting the
attention of the invigilator by the candidate raising his/her hand.
3. The use of scrap paper is not permitted. All rough work must be done in the answer sheets and
main answer booklet.
1. Candidates are advised in their own interest to write legibly and avoid using faint ink. Answers
must be written in English, except otherwise instructed.
2. Before handling in their scripts at the end of the examination, candidates must satisfy
themselves that they have inserted at the appropriate places their matriculation numbers and
the numbers of questions they have answered.
3. It shall be the responsibility of each candidate to personally hand in his/her scripts before
he/she leaves the examination hall. Except for the question paper, and any materials they have
permission to bring with them, candidates are not allowed to remove or mutilate any paper or
material supplied by the University.
4. Candidates must personally complete attendance sheet and submit\same to the invigilator as
evidence of taking the examination before leaving the hall.
Examination offences:-
1 Sitting for an examination for which a candidate Is not Qualified
2 Smoking in the examination hall.
3 leaving the examination hall without permission
4 Any action by a candidate contravening any of the instructions as in vi-xii above.
5 Removal or mutilation of any paper of any other materials into the examination hall by the
University.
Any case of bringing in any unauthorized materials into the examination hall by a candidate.
6 Any case of giving or receiving irregular assistance, cheating or aiding and abetting in an
examination
1 Any case of impersonation and, or conspiracy with impersonation during an examination.

2 Any case of disruption of examination, disorderly behaviour or assault on invigilator.
73
3 Any attempt by the candidate directly or indirectly to influence the process of examination
with a view of obtaining undue advantage, vitiating the examination or getting involved in
examination leakages.
4 Any attempt by the candidate or staff to unlawfully have or give a pre-knowledge of an
examination question or to influence the making of scripts or the award of marks by the
internal or external examiner
5 Any other offence/malpractices as may be determined by the Disciplinary Committee as
impacting negatively on the smooth and fair conduct of the examination.
Disciplinary Action:-
1. A candidate found guilty of any of the offences listed in 1-4 shall have his/her result of the
examination nullified and score zero for the course and be issued a letter of warming.
2. Any candidate found guilty of the offences 6 and 7 shall have his/her examination result for the
course nullified and be suspended for one academic session.
3. Any candidate found guilty of the offences 5, 8, 9, and. 10 shall have his/her examination
result for the course nullified and scored zero and shall in addition be expelled from the
University.
4. A candidate who has been penalized on a previous occasion under 1 above and found guilty
again of an offence shall be suspended for one academic session
5. A candidate who has been penalized on a previous occasion under 2 above and found guilty
again of an offence shall be expelled from the University.
6. Any staff found guilty of offence 10 and 11 above shall be referred to the appropriate
university Committee for Disciplinary action.
Computation of Examination Results
1. There shall be a departmental panel of examiners to consider all examination results before
they are presented to School Board Examiner
2. Computation of examination results shall be the responsibility of each}' Chief Examiner/Head
of Department, Computed results must be taken to I l6 the School Board of Examiners for
consideration.
3. The master marks sheet or results must be signed by the Chief Examiner of that department.
4. The school's Board of examiners shall take measures to ensure the correctness of all results
presented to it before they are passed to the School Board of studies for consideration and
ratification for presentation to senate.
Release of Examination Result
74
1. The results of each semester examination, signed by the Dean concerned shall be published not
later than 24 hours after the meeting of the School's Board of Examiners and shall remain
provisional until approved senate.
2. After Senate approval, the result shall be forwarded to the Registrar who ' shall have the
responsibility of informing the students and their sponsors of the result.
3. The sectional result shall be released to the student before the beginning of the following
session.
4. All amended results executively approved by the Vice-Chancellor shall come before Senate for
ratification
GUIDELINES ON CHANGE OF SCHOOL DEPARTMENTS
1. Application for a change of degree option shall be approved only when there is a strong
justification for it. As much as possible students she. be required to pursue to the end the
course to which they have originally been admitted
2. Permission to change to a new degree option shall be strictly subject to there being a vacancy
in the class, taking into account the approved student quota for the degree option.
3. Any change of degree option within the school shall be subject to approval of the Dean of the
School and the two Heads of Department concerned
4. Any change of School snail be subject to the approval of both the Deans of the present School
and of the proposed school.
5. The Dean of a School shall, for good course and in consultation with the Board of the school,
have the right to approve or withdraw his approval of a student's application to transfer from or
into the school.
6. Normally, for a student to change from one School/department to another he/she should have a
minimum cumulative Grade Point (CGPA) of 3.50 this CGPA may be waive for weak students
whose cases would be considered on their own merit.
7. Change of degree option shall not be permitted until the student has spent at least four
semesters in the University.
8. NO student will be allowed to change his/her degree option more than once in the University.
9. No change of degree option shall be allowed beyond six weeks of the commencement of
lectures in the first semester of each session.
10. The Board of studies concerned for the proposed School concerned shall recommend the
change of degree option for the student concerned for the approval of senate.
75
11. Final approval or rejection of student's request to change degree option shall be formally
communicated to the affected student by the Registrar.
UNIT COURSE SYSTEM

Definition of Unit
1. The unit course shall be by the semester, one semester unit being when a class meet one hour
every week for one semester or three/four hours every week in the laboratory for one semester
or the equivalent in workshop or fields work time. The size of course shall, as much as
possible be a minimum of three units and its duration-shall be one semester except for projects
and design courses which-may carry more than three units and may last more than one year.
2. A core course is-one which must be registered for and passed by a student to get the degree
and is counted towards the classification of at his/her degree
3. An elective course is either .compulsory or optional. A compulsory elective shall be counted
towards-the classification of a student's degree. An optional elective is a course that may be
taken by the student and may not be counted towards the classification of his/her degree.
4. A university required course is a compulsory course prescribed by the University, which must
be passed before a student graduate. It would also count towards the classification of the
degree.
5. An audited course is one, which the student-attends without writing an examination in it.
6. Pre-requisite course is a compulsory course towards the classification of the degree
7. Prerequisite course is one in which the. .student must pass before proceeding to the higher
course.
8. Co-prerequisite course is one, which may, be taken in parallel with the course for which it is
specified.
9. Students are mandated to submit three bonded copies of the thesis after the external examiner’s
assessment.
Students work Load.
1. The maximum numbers of units a student can register for is 24 per semester. The minimum
number of units a student can register for is 14 per semester.
2. Grading System
76
Below is the grading system.
Mark Letter Grade Grade
70-100 A 5
60-69 B 4
50-59 C 3
45-49 D 2
40-44 E 1
0-39 F 0
Computation of Results
The following terminologies and abbreviations are commonly used in the computation of Grade
Point Average (GPA).
1. Total Load Units (TLU):- This is the total number of course units carried by a student in a
particular semester. It is the summation of the load units v. on all courses carried during the
semester. For example, a student which is taking 6 courses of 3 units each has a TLU of 18 for
that semester.
2. Cumulative Load units (CLU):- This is the summation of total Load Units over all the
semester from the beginning to date. A student who is prone to repeating courses will finish
(if-he does not drop out) with a higher CLU than his non-repeating colleagues, and will most
likely require a longer time to complete the requirements for the award of degree.
3 Total Credit Points (TCP):- This is the sum of the products of course units and rating in
each course, for the entire semester, or period. For example, consider a student who took 5
courses of 3 units each. Suppose the grades he obtained in the four courses were A, B, C, D
and E respectively. The TCP of this students is obtained as:-(3x5.0) +(3x4.0)+ (3x3.0)+
(3x2.0) + (3x1.0) = 15.00 +12.00 + 9.0 + 6.0 +3.0 = 45.00
1. Cumulative Credit Point (CCP):- This is the summation of Total Credit points over all the
semesters from the beginning to date.
2. Grade Point Average (GPA):- This is the Total Credit Points (TCP) divided by the Total
Load Units (TLU). For example, consider the students’ scores referred to in number 3
above. His TCP is 42.0 and his TLU is 15 his GPA is therefore 45/15 = 3.00. The possible
GPA that can be earned is 5.0 and that is when a student has earned a grade of TV in every
course during the semester. The lowest GPA Obtained is 0.0
77
3. Cumulative Grade Point Average CGPA:- This is not the summation of GPA's for the
semester. Rather, it is the summation of TCP for all the semesters to date divided by the
summation of TLU for the said semester.
In effect CGPA CCP/CLU
Final Assessment and class of Degree
First class 4.50-5.00
2nd Class Upper Division 3.50-4.49
2nd Class Lower Division 2.40-3.49
3rd Class 1.50-2.39
Pass 1.00-1.49
For the purpose of determining the class of degree, the CGPA shall cover 100 td"500level courses.
Probation and withdrawal from the University
A student whose CGPA falls below 1.0 at the end of firs session shall be placed on probation during
the following session. If he/she then fails to achieve a CGPA of at least
1.0 at the end of that session, he shall be required to withdraw, from the University.
A student will not be placed on probation until the end of the second semester of the first session;
thereafter, it shall be from semester to semester.
A student who is unable to get out of probation at the end of the first semester shall be on extended
probation till the end of the session, but a student who i out of probation at the end of the first
semester shall be allowed to carry maximum load unit during the following semester.
Resit Examination
There shall be no resit examination
Carry over courses
All failed course's shall be carried over to the corresponding semester of the following year and must
be taken and passed before taking higher courses for which such are pre-requisite.
Dean's List
A student who obtains a GPA of 4.50 and above at the end of any semester will have his name
published on Dean's list. Each list is valid for only the on session immediately following the
publication of the results and until the publication of the results of the following semester.
Duration of semester
78
Each semester normally consists of 15 weeks or as determined by senate (exclusive of the Christmas
and Easter vacations and mid-semester breaks) which shall be reserved for teaching and a further
two weeks for examination.
Registration of course examination and procedure for dropping a course

Registration for a course at the beginning of a semester automatically mean registration for the
course and the examination
Continuous assessment
Assessment of student's achievement shall be carried out. A student who wishes toad or delete a
course must do so within six weeks of commencement of lectures in the course by competing the
prescribed form obtained from the Academic Affairs Office.
Final Examination
Final examination for a course shall not normally exceed three (3) hours duration and shall be given
only at the times places established for the purpose by senate or its designated committee. The final
examination for each course shall normally be at the end of the semester in which the courses
offered.
The course will be made up of the student's core in the continuous assessment as well as the end of
course examination. The continuous assessment shall carry a maximum of 40%
Examination Malpractices
A student involved in university examination malpractices or who violates examination regulations
shall be referred to the disciplinary committee which will recommend appropriate discipline action.
Procedure for seeking a revision of marked scripts at the end of semester.
1. Application for revision of marked scripts shall be made by any aggrieved student, irrespective
of the grade obtained in the course, on the payment of a prescribed fee.
2. All applications for revision of marked scripts shall be addressed and forwarded to the
Registrar through the Dean
3. The receipt of prescribed fee for each course shall accompany the application;
4. The Registrar shall forward he request to the appropriate dean
1. The dean shall appoint a minimum of three independent assessors (internal or external) in
consultation with the Head of Department, if need be.
2. The Dean shall ensure that the marking scheme and model answers originally used available to
the assessors
3. The Dean shall -present his report before the Board of studies and thereafter to Senate for
consideration and approval
79
4. (a) Where the Student’s case is upheld, the application fee shall be refunded;
(b) Where the case is not upheld the student shall forfeit the fee and shall be warned for
ma king frivolous allegations;
5. Where Senate is convinced that the marking- down of a candidate by the lecturer is
deliberate, such staff shall be reprimanded.
Absence from examination
A student who is absent from a course examination without a written permission of the Head of
Department during or at the end of the Semester will receive a grade of 'F' permission may be
granted only on substantiated, compassionate or medical grounds as approved by senate.
Carry-over Course Grade
When a student re-registered for a carry-over course, and takes an examination in the course, he
shall be credited with the actual grade scored.
GUIDELINES ON AUDITING OF UNIVERSITY COURSES

1. A student shall apply for exemption from University required course(s) or apply to audit the
course(s).
2. Such application should be addressed to the Dean of the School and shall be accompanied by
the relevant transcript.
3. Students seeking exemption from the University required course(s) shall be required to sit for
the particular examination after having given the opportunity to audit the course(s).
4. Such Students shall be expected to pass the audited course(s) at formally for the course(s)
under normal conditions.
5. Although the results of the audited courses would from part of the academic record of such
student's the result would be used to determine their class of degree.
6. Continuous assessment shall be waived in respect of the examination while auditing a
University required course, and that a pass in the written examination should be sufficient.
CERTIFICATE
The degree certificate shall be signed by the Vice-Chancellor and the Registrar.
ACADEMIC ADVISORY SYSTEM
80
Every student be assigned art academic adviser at the beginning of each session by the Head of
Department. The adviser shall assist the student to acquaint himself/herself With School*
Department and University rules and regulations from time to time
OTHER UNIVERSITY SERVICES AVAILABLE TO STUDENTS
1. The University Health Centre provides preventives and curative Health care to all students of
the Federal university of Technology, Akure (FUTA).
2. Library services are available to the students upon registration with the university Library.
CODE OF CONDUCT FOR STUDENTS

1. all Student must obey the laws and regulations of the university including the matriculation
bath;
2. Respect the statutory rights of staff and fellow students. The University will not tolerate
student behaviour that violates the right of others including but limited to harassment, physical
abuse disruption of teaching or official gathering etc.
3. Shall not be rude to university officials.
4. Must not engage in unruly behaviour such as smoking, sale distribution of drugs or alcohol,
drunkenness, theft and harassment;
5. Must comply with all rules and regulations guiding Hostel accommodation;
6. Students demonstrations resulting in the canalization and or theft of university property and
those of other staff shall not be allowed.
7. Must not engage in/or be a member of, sponsor any secret cult inside or outside the university;
8. Must not obtain accommodation by fraudulent means
9. Must not sell/lease University hostel accommodation and any other property for unauthorized
activities including religious meetings and parties.
10. Must not obtain double accommodation in one or more Halls of Residence;
11. An undergraduate student shall not take accommodation in the postgraduate Hall and vice-
versa.
Must register for each semester and have not less than 65% attendance to qualify to write
semester examinations;
1. Must register and submit course registration forms within the time stipulated by the University
authority and must not register on behalf of another student.
2. Be punctual to lectures/practical/tutorials/ workshop practices/field trips and switch off all cell
phones
81
3. Must not be involved in any form of examination misconduct including impersonation or
aiding or abetting others in doing so.
4. Must not offer money, sex, or other enticement in exchange for higher grades for
alteration/forging or records/documents;
5. Dress decently and be polite to all staff and the university;
6. Should not do anything to; tarnish the image of the university;
7. Should not deface University properties, buildings through placement of posters and
handbills;
8. Must not litter University premises with pieces of paper, nylon bags, pure water sachets, food
packages etc.
9. Must not walk on or across the lawns;
10. Must wear, laboratory coats, workshop overalls during practical/workshop practices, field
trips etc.
11. All students must adhere to the University regulation which prohibits religious worship and
related activities in non-designated areas, and must on no account convert any University
82
STAFF LIST
S/N Name Qualification Status
1 Prof. B. Adeyemi B.Sc.(Ed)., M.Sc., Ph.D. (Ilorin) Professor/HOD
2 Prof. (Mrs.) I.A. Fuwape B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D. (Ibadan) Professor
3 Prof. M.O. Ajewole B.Sc., M.Sc. (Ilorin),Ph.D. (Akure) Professor
4 Prof. O.S. Ajayi B.Sc., M.Sc. (Ibadan), Ph.D. (Akure) Professor
B.Sc. (Ilorin), M.Sc. (Ibadan), Ph.D.
5 Prof. A.M. Arogunjo Professor
Akure
6 Prof. E.O. Ogolo B.Sc. (Ed) (Ife), M.Sc., Ph.D(Ibadan) Professor
B.Sc., M.Sc. (Ibadan), PGDE (Ife), Ph.D
7 Prof. S.S. Oluyamo Professor
(Ibadan)
8 Prof. S.E. Falodun B.Sc. (Benin), M.Tech, Ph.D. (Akure) Professor
9 Prof. K.D. Adedayo B.Tech., M.Tech., Ph.D. (Akure) Professor
10 Prof. J.S. Ojo B.Tech., M.Tech., Ph.D. (Akure) Professor
11 Prof. A.T. Adediji B.Sc. (Ilorin), M.Tech., Ph.D (Akure) Professor
B.Tech. M.Tech. (Akure), Ph.D
12 Dr. A.I. Popoola Reader
( Witwaterstrand).
13 Dr. T. Ewetumo B.Tech., M.Tech., Ph.D (Akure) Reader
B.Sc. (Ago-Iwoye), M.Sc., Ph.D.
14 Dr. Y.A. Odusote Reader
(Ibadan)
B.Tech. (Akure), M.Sc. (Ibadan), Ph.D
15 Dr. (Mrs.) O.P. Faromika Senior Lecturer
(Akure)
16 Dr. S.B. Ibikunle HND, PGD, M.Tech., PhD (Akure) Senior Lecturer
B.Tech. (Akure), M.Sc.(Ibadan) PhD
17 Dr. O. I. Olusola Senior Lecturer
(Sheffield)
B.Sc. (Lagos), M.Tech. (Akure), MBA
18 Mr. D.A. Adenugba Lecturer I
(Ado)
19 Dr. I. Emmanuel B.Tech, M.Tech, Ph.D. (Akure) Lecturer I
B.Sc.(Abeokuta), M.Sc.(Ibadan),
20 Dr. A. O. Adelakun Lecturer I
Ph.D. (Abeokuta)
B.Sc.(Ilorin) M.Sc.(Ibadan), Ph.D.
21 Dr. K. Aladeniyi Lecturer I
(Akure)
B.Sc.(Nsukka), M.Sc. (Ibadan), Ph.D
22 Dr. (Mrs.) N. E. Adesiji Lecturer I
(Ibadan)
B.Sc.,(Ado-Ekiti), M.Tech, Ph.D
23 Dr. O.S.Ojo Lecturer II
(Akure)
24 Dr. A.G.Ashidi B.Tech. M.Tech, Ph.D (Akure) Lecturer II
25 Dr. O. O. Ife-Adediran B.Tech.MTech, Ph.D (Akure) Lecturer II
26 Mr. T.A.Obagade B.Tech, M.Tech.,(Akure) Lecturer II
27 Mr. O. A. Layioye B.Tech (Akure), M.Sc. (Nottingham) Assistant Lecturer
28 Mr. T. M. Ajayi B.Tech (Akure), M.Tech, (Durham) Assistant Lecturer
29 Mr. B.M. Ogunsade B.Tech/Akure, Graduate Assistant

83
Technical Staff
Final Diploma, FNIST, PGD
30 Mr. H.I. Alamuoye Senior Chief Technologist
(Akure)
Final Diploma, FNIST, PGD, MSc.
31 Mr. M.O. Olasoji Chief Technologist
(Akure), Fellow NIST
32 Mrs. C.I. Joseph-Ojo HND, PGD (Akure),ANIST Assistant Chief Technologist
33 Dr. O.R. Bello HND, PGD, M.Tech (Akure) Assistant Chief Technologist
34 Mr. A.E. Ayodele HND, PGD,M.Tech (Akure) Assistant Chief Technologist
Mrs. O.M. Fagbamiye-
35 HND, PGD (Akure) ,ANIST Principal Technologist
Akinwale
36 Mr. O. J. Ojo HND (Ado-Ekiti), PGD (FUTA) Technologist I
37 Mrs. M.O. Joseph–Ajayi HND, PGD (Akure) Technologist I
38 Mr. O.O Akinkuehin HND, PGD (Akure) Senior Laboratory Assistant
39 Miss. A. A. Adeseko NCE (Ikere-Ekiti) Head Laboratory Assistant
ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF
OND, HND, Certificate in Principal Confidential
40 Mr. Z.O Oyeleke
Computer Studies Secretary
84

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DEPARTMENTOF PHYSICS

Physics: Bedrock of Technology

LIST OF STAFF ON STAFF DEVELOPMENT

DATE NAME OF HEAD OF STATUS OF HEAD OF

1985/86 Dr. H.M.A. Anan “

1987/88 Prof. L.B. Kolawole Head of Department

500 LEVELS: First Semester

500 LEVELS: First Semester

PHY 101 – GENERAL PHYSICS I (MECHANICS) (3 UNITS)

PHY 103 – GENERAL PHYSICS III (2 Units)

PHY 205 – THERMAL PHYSICS (3 UNITS)

PHY 252 — Introduction to Medical Imaging (3 UNITS)

PHY 305 – QUANTUM PHYSICS (3 UNITS)

PHY 315–INTRODUCTORY SOLID STATE ELECTRONICS

PHY 341 - INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS (2 UNITS)

PHY 361- Molecular Signaling (2 UNITS)

PHY 362-Modeling the Living Cell (2 UNITS)

PHY 445 - BIO-ENERGY (2 UNITS)

PHY 447: INTRODUCTION TO SUSTAINABLE ENERGY (2 UNITS)

PHY 461– Macromolecular spectroscopy (3 UNITS)

PHY 465 – Macromolecular Binding (3 UNITS)

PHY 542 - ENERGY HARVESTING DEVICES AND SYSTEMS (3 UNITS)

PHY 557 – Environmental Biophysics (3 UNITS)

PHY 560— Molecular and Cellular Systems in Biophysics (2 UNITS)

REGULATION GOVERNING ACADEMIC PROGRAMMES IN THE DEPARTMENT

Mark Range Letter Grade

(C) Computation of Results

(e) Caution, Probation and Withdrawal from the University

(j) Examination Malpractices A student, who is involved in University examination Malpractices

EXAMINATION MISCONDUCT AND DISCIPLINARY ACTION: INSTRUCTIONS TO

(b) Misconduct during Examination

Penalty Suspension for two (2) semesters

Misconduct After Examination

28. Misconduct Display of inappropriate or anti- social behaviour (e.g. Smoking,

Off Campus Student Behaviour Misconduct

DO NOT CHEAT OR BE INVOLVED IN ANY EXAMINATION MISCONDUCT

FORM IT COULD DESIRQYYOUR LIFE.

12. WITHDRAWAL, SUSPENSION AND PROBATION CONDITIONS

13. GRADUATING CONDITIONS AND DEGREE CLASSIFICATION

Score Range Grade Point (P)

GENERAL ACADEMIC REGULATIONS FOR DEGREE COURSE

EXAMINATION REGULATIONS, OFFENCES AND DISCIPLINARY ACTIONS

1 Any case of impersonation and, or conspiracy with impersonation during an examination.

UNIT COURSE SYSTEM

Registration of course examination and procedure for dropping a course

GUIDELINES ON AUDITING OF UNIVERSITY COURSES

CODE OF CONDUCT FOR STUDENTS

29 Mr. B.M. Ogunsade B.Tech/Akure, Graduate Assistant

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