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    Tuchina N A Way To Success Year 1 Teachers Book PDF

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    VALS UGRS _ English Wee ances] Students (la TAPESCRIPTS AND ANSWER KEY SECTION Introduction to the Teacher’s Edition “AWAY TO SUCCESS” is a coursebook for first-year university students studying English as their major. The book provides challenging authentic materials that teach students to function in real-life situations and let them enjoy a feeling of success and achievement in language learning, Students learn the language that can be put to immediate use in speaking and writing. They also learn the language necessary for understanding when reading and listening to texts of the genre and level of difficulty specified by the Curriculum for English Development Course (Kyiv, 2001), Developing students’ socio-cultural competence is viewed as a task of paramount importance. The book is aimed at contributing to the development of a language personality able to successfully function in multicultural and multilingual environment. Both the activities and materials used in the coursebook serve to raise students’ cultural awareness, get them better acquainted with the culture of English-speaking countries and provide them with a deeper insight into the native language and culture. ‘The methodology of the course presents a combination of the time-tested old methods with effective new ways of Jeaming the language. It does not represent a prescribed approach. The book can be used with a varity of instructional methods and teaching styles and the suggested procedures can be adapted to meet the needs of individual leamers. However, by replacing commu- nicative tasks with grammar-translation exercises the effect of using the coursebook would be diminished and the achievement of the above stated aims might be impeded ‘The coursebook is aimed at developing reading and writing as well as listening and speaking skills, Activities in the book are subdivided into 3 main categories: awareness raising, skill building and skill developing, Their level of difficulty correlates with B+ Level of the Common European Framework of Reference. Reflective tasks included in the course-book contribute to developing professional competence of future teachers of English. The book contains 19 Units organized around certain topics. Each Unit opens with “Lead-in” section that helps to tune the students into the mood of the process and prepare them to absorb the new material. Its intended both to elicit the students’ background knowledge and to motivate them so that they will be ready to learn. Each Unit also focuses on one function or a group of related functions and the students are taught alternate ways to perform the same function. ‘Since grammar and pronunciation practice are ‘mainly dealt with in separate supplementary books, the coursebook puts special emphasis on vocabulary aspect. New vocabulary is presented and practiced in meaningful contexts. “Useful Language” and “Vocabulary” boxes contain both new items and those already known that need to be revised. Vocabulary activities are varied and motivate the students to learn new language and use it for communicative purposes. ‘The language items are recycled within one unit and are found in some other units as well. In order to develop students’ study skills they are encouraged to use monolingual dictionary while doing certain vocabulary activities. Each Unit contains several reading and listening sections. They provide an opportunity for the students to use what they know to decode authentic material taken from fiction, newspapers and magazines, tourist brochures, dictionaries and encyclopedias, the Internet. Pre-reading and pre- listening tasks are aimed at eliciting students’ background knowledge before any new input is given. Taking into consideration the level of the students, a teacher may find it necessary to pre- teach some vocabulary and structures by adding some more activities to those recommended in the coursebook. Pre-reading and pre-listening tasks as well as instructions for the while-reading and while- listening stages help the students to choose the most efficient reading or listening strategy thus developing flexible reading and listening skills. Post-reading or post-listening activities are aimed at checking the students’ comprehension, expanding their vocabulary and knowledge of the topic. Comprehension is checked through answering questions, filling in the tables and doing test tasks (multiple choice, true/false, cloze tests, bank cloze tests, multiple matching, etc). The activities focus on 337 — Tapescripts and answer key section personalization and assimilation of the new material. They also serve to motivate students to engage in sharing ideas and exchanging opinions, which is the main focus of speaking sections. Speaking and writing sections focus on applying com- munication skills. Students are encouraged to use any language they have learned to discuss thematically related issues, to solve problems, to express their opinions orally and in writing. The teacher should create comfortable and relaxing atmosphere in class, so that the students could express their ideas and exchange opinions with ease, Wherever appropriate pair and group work modes should be encouraged with regular changes of group composition and dialogue partners. Students may role-play a situation, discuss ‘atopic, or talk about their personal experiences. In fact, personalization runs throughout the book forming the basis for drawing intracultural and intercultural parallels and comparisons. Activities to develop writing skills are included into each Unit. All creative tasks are preceded with appropriate uidelines, sample texts, or algorithms thus providing sufficient orientation basis for the students. A great deal of attention is paid to socio-cultural appropriateness of the students’ writing, the choice of the format and language resources used in the text. ‘Throughout the book monolingual (English) activities dominate but there are several translation activities included into each Unit. Translation is viewed as 4 teaching tool and a means of formative assessment. In the coursebook translation activities are mainly used for home assignments. Each Unit of the coursebook contains a number of pictures most of which are polyfunctional, that is, they do not just illustrate the text contents, but also serve as a visual support for additional skill developing activities that a teacher may design in response to the students’ needs. Itis hoped that the teacher will find the suggestions in the book useful and will include them into their own repertoire of teaching techniques. ‘Unit 1. HELLO! NICE TO MEET YOU... a Le; 2.4; 3.4; 4.5 5.6 6.05 7. 1. pseudonym/ pen name; 2. full name; 3. named; 4. first name/ patronymic/ family name = surname; 338 5. namesakes; 6. pet names; 7. initials; 8. nicknamed; 9, real name; 10, maiden name; 11. on first name terms. 8 a) anagram; b) similar; ¢) milestone; d) affection; ) medieval; f) ward off, g) in reverse; h) totem. SUGGESTED ANSWERS: ‘The three ways people are given names. ‘Why are new names given? ‘The four ways English surnames were adopted. Names that have male and female forms in Ukrainian. Unique names. Names given to twins. Pet names. w 1. Paul was in his early twenties/ was aged 22/ was at the age of 22 when he got married. 2. My little son is a baby. 3. Kate turned 30 yesterday, it was a great birthday party! 4. Mike is a teenager/ is in his teens and you know how difficult these years are! 5. My father is over forty, he is an accountant and ‘works in a bank 6. Lam in mid fifties but I think my life has just started! 7. His brother was in his late forties when he moved to the USA. 8. My Granny is im her late seventies, but she likes to dress up very much. 9. Her grandfather was a bus driver for 40 years but now he is retired. 10, She is 25 and her husband is the same age. 11. Children in Ukraine start school at the age of 6. 12. My little cousin is a toddler, but he’s falling all the time. 13, She called her daughters “the girls” though they were middle-aged. 14, I learnt these songs when I was on my mother’s lap. 13 1. English and American names don’t have patronymics. But they often have a middle name which is placed before the last name if the name is written in full. 2. Parents sometimes name their newborn babies after some older members of the family. 3. Pre-schoolers and teenagers often give funny nicknames to the people they like or dislike. 4, Kate hated her maiden name so much that she ‘changed it as soon as she got married. 5. We are so used to actors’ and singers’ pseudonyms and. ‘writers’ pen names that their real names surprise us. 6. Kids of any age like sitting on their mothers’ laps. 7. It's hard to be under age. Adults keep telling you that you've grown up, but in fact the older generation doesn’t take very seriously people who haven't turned 30 yet. 8. When young people in Ukraine come of age, they get their passports 9, 20-year-old young men consider middle-aged people to be elderly. 10. My mother is in her late 30s, she is almost forty. She isn’t retired yet, and doesn’t want to think of the time when she'll grow old. 1, Unfortunately, as soon as a person turns 60, he/she starts thinking about how much longer he/she will live, 12. How many years is that girl younger than you? — Five. She is the same age as you. — So, she is twice as old as my sister. 1. Alan Yorks 2.24 3. not mentioned in the text; 4. Southern Rhodesia (village Induna); 5. he represents his father (in his London office); 6. (they trade in copper, lead,) cattle; 7. transporters. ‘TAPESCRIPT Inspector Lodge looked at me steadily, then drew a sheet of paper out of a drawer, unscrewed fountain pen, and wrote, I could see, the date and the time. A methodical man. “I think we had better start at the beginning,” he said. “What is your name?” “Alan York.” “Age?” “Twenty-four.” “Address?” I gave Davidson's address, explaining whose it was, and that I lived there a good deal. “Where is your own home?” “In Southern Rhodesia,” I said. “On a cattle station near a village called Induna, about fifteen miles from Bulawayo, “Occupation?” Tapescripts and answer key section — “I present my father in his London office.” “And your father’s business?” “The Bailey York Trading Company.” “What do you trade in?” “Copper, lead, cattle. Anything and everything. We're transporters mainly,” I said. He wrote it down, in quick distinctive script. LF; 2.1; 3.F; 4.1; 5.F; ‘TAPESCRIPT 5 7.F; 8.1, 1) She opened the door to find a broad-shouldered man with a big fair moustache and a cheerful red face, standing on the mat, His glance, a quick one, took her in as he asked in a pleasant voice: “Are you Mrs Beresford?” “Yes.” “My name's Grant. I'm a friend of Lord Easthampton’s. He suggested I should look you and your husband up.” “Oh, how nice, do come in.” (Agatha Christie, “N or M?”) 2) When they got back to the house Mrs Murry was still in the lab. “This is Calvin O'Keefe, Mother. Is there enough for him, too? It smelis super.” “Hello, Calvin. Nice to meet you. We aren’t having anything but stew tonight, but it’s a good thick one.” “Sounds wonderful to me. May I use your phone so my mother'll know where I am?” (Madeleine L'Engle, “A Wrinkle in Time”) 3) He saw that the two persons who were to make the four had already arrived. They were Prince Ali and his secretary. Ashenden was astounded. “Allow me to introduce Mr Ashenden to your Highness,” said the baroness, speaking in her fluent French ‘Ashenden bowed and took the proffered hand, the prince gave him a quick look, but did not speak. “Lam delighted to make your acquaintance, Mr Ashenden,” said the prince’s secretary, warmly shaking his hand (WS. Maugham, “Miss King”) 4) Arnie: Yes. (To Joan.) This is Sheila O'Connor, Joan. This is my wife, Sheila Sheila: Hello, Miss. Joan: Hello, Sheila. Amie: Evening, Maureen. I don’t think you know my wife, Joan — this is Maureen, 339 — Tapescripts and answer key section ‘Maureen: i's very nice meeting you, Joan, (They shake hands) (David Storey, “The Restoration of Arnold Middleton”) 5) “Hello, James.” Sealfont extended his hand to Matlock. “Mr Loring, may I present Dr Matlock?” “How do you do?” “We've met before, haven't we?” (Robert Ludlum, “The Matlock Paper”) 6) Man: (Finally finds himself beside the girl.) Hi baby! Girl: | don’t believe we've met. ‘Man: Oh, don’t you remember me? I’m the guy who sat beside you on the bus out of Kansas City. Girt: | till say we haven’t met. ‘Man: My name’s Bo. What's yours? (She only looks at ‘him scornfully,) 1 see you brought your suitcase in. (William Inge, “People in the Wind”) 7) Harry: Judge Applegarth, may I present Miss McCutcheon? The Judge (removing his hat and bowing low): An honor, Miss ‘Miss McCutcheon: How do you do, Judge? Harry: Miss McCutcheon’s the new teacher at school! The Judge: We are honored to have you. The children, the parents, and — the rest of us. (William Saroyan, “The Oyster and the Pearl”) 8) Jim Raddigan: Introduce me to your friend. Gaucho: That's Mario. He lives upstairs. (Gloria Gonzalez, “Gaucho”) Dialogue 3: “I am delighted to make your acquaintance, Mr Ashenden,” said the prince's secretary, warmly shaking his hand, Dialogue 4: Its very nice meeting you, Joan. Dialogue 5: “Mir Loring, may I present Dr Matlock?” “How do you do?” Dialogue 6: “I still say we haven't met.” “My name’s Bo. What's yours? I see you brought your suitcase in.” wo Li Le; 2.8; 3.k; 4.4; 5.f; 6; 7d; 8.i; 9.6; 10.h; Hb, 124} ‘TAPESCRIPT 2.b; 3 4h; 5.g; 6.4; Te; 8,5; 9.¢; 10.2 Lesley: Good morning everyone. Thank you for inviting me to your school today. My name is Lesley 340 Gearhardt. I'm an American. I'm from Livitz, Pennsylvania, which is a small town about an hour and a half west of Philadelphia. I grew up there. Then I moved to Philadelphia to study political science and international relations at Temple University. 1 got my Bachelor’s Degree in May and two months later I became a Peace Corps Volunteer. I’m here in Ukraine for two years to teach English to Sth and. 6th grade students at Public School 123. I'm happy to answer any questions you may have about me and about life in America Student 1: What is your patronymic name? Lesley: Well, my last name is my patronymic name — that's the one I get from my father. My middle name is Lynn. (Olga: Does that name come from your mother? Lesley: Well, she picked it out but I'm not named after her or anything like that. Olga: 1 see. And can you tell the class how old you are? Lesley: | just turned 22 last week. I'm totally over the hill now. Student 2: Are you martied, Lesley? Lesley: No way. I don’t want to get married until I'm 24 oF 25. Student I: And how many brothers and sisters do you have? Lesley: | have one older brother and one younger sister. ‘Student 2: Why have you come to Ukraine? Lesley: Well, I majored in international relations in college because I'm interested in learning about and working with people from different cultures. When I was at Temple I had a chance to learn German and I spent a semester abroad studying in Berlin. I loved it, But after college I wanted to do something different and go someplace really special and help people, So I joined Peace Corps. They offered me a position in Ukraine and I took it. line 6: She's from Livitz, she didn't say exactly where it is. — I'm from Livitz, Pennsylvania, which is a small town about an hour and a half west of Philadelphia, line 9: to teach English at our University — to teach English to Sth and 6th grade students at Public Schoo! 123, line II: her patronymic name was her nickname — My last name is my patronymic name. line 12: Her pet name is Lynn — My middle name is, Lynn. line 12: she is named after her mother — I’m not named after her or anything like that. line 14: She ... even can't get married — 1 don't want to ‘get married, line I5—I6: she had one older sister and one younger brother — I have one older brother and one younger sister. line 18: she had majored in computer science — 1 majored in international relations. fine 18-19: she was interested in computers — V'm interested in learning about and working with people from other cultures. 1. I think I know this man, He used to live in the next street. A strange personality. I know him by name only. His name seems Teddy. But I don't think it’s his real name. Maybe it’s just his nickname. I remember that when he moved here he was in his early 30s. He must be in his late 40s now. Actually, it’s hard to tell how old he is 2. My son isa teenager, he’s under 16. He's going to enter a medical school. He is good at natural sciences. 1 thought that I would have a lot of problems with him in his teens. But, frankly speaking, he was more difficult to cope with when he was young, He was so naughty! 3. Betty was a pretty girl At school she had a nickname “doll”. At home everyone loved her and gave her funny pet names. Even when she grew-up everyone continued calling her by various funny names, When she turned 35, among her presents there were traditional dolls and soft toys. 4, My cousin and I are namesakes. I was named after my granddad, and he was named after his father. However, we have different patronymics 5. His aunt decided to keep her maiden name when she got married. That's why her husband and she have different surnames, and their children have taken their father's surname. 6. He entered university when he was just a little over 20, and when he was about 30, he wrote his first book He chose a pen name because he didn’t like his first name and surname. 7. tried to tell her real age. If she left school at 17, then she must be 32 now. It turns out that we are of the same age, and T thought that she was about 25. 8. When I sign my letters to Peter I never Put my full name, just the initials. I's more than enough because we are good friends. 9. When parents register their child’ birth, they choose a name that he/ she will have for the rest of their life. Tapescripts and answer key section — Sometimes he/ she is named after another person, a relative or a celebrity. Sometimes parents choose strange and funny names, and they can influence the Person's life later on. Ifa person doesnt like his/ her name he/ she can change it or choose a pseudonym, especially if he/ she works in some field of art. 10. — I know him by name only. I don’t know him really well. We have a formal relationship. — Ask Nick to introduce you. I think they are of the same age and have known each other since they were Just alittle over 20, and they are good friends. 11. Everyone in our family has a pet name, and they are really funny. As for school, children, and especially teenagers, give each other nicknames that can be offensive, and sometimes they can stick to people even when they are all grown up. a) Mr Sunderland 192 Whitney Lane Oregon City, OR 97045 USA, by Mr Kitzhaber 23 3¢ September Street #47 ‘San Diego, CA 96098 USA, ©) Mrs J. Lowe Planter House Princess Street #48 London, EC 1 7DQ UNITED KINGDOM @ Ms Carmen Brown Florida International University 34 University Park Lane Miami, FL 33139 GUIDELINES FOR ADDRESSING ENVELOPES 1, Write the address of a person you are writing to almost half-way down the envelope and indented about one-third of the way from the left edge. 2. Put the return address in the upper left-hand corner. 3. On the envelope put the full name or a “title” (Mr, Mrs, Miss, Ms, Dr, etc.) before the name. 4, Put house number, street name, then town, and ZIP code. 5. Do not use a comma to separate a state from ZIP code and a street number from the name of the street. 341 — Tapescripts and answer key section ‘Miss Nancy Shafer 2362 Jackson Street Wheeling, IL 60090 ‘Ms Naomi Martinez 423 St.Catherine Avenue Phoenix, AZ 85040 Unit 2. HANDSOME IS AS HANDSOME DOES a HEAD: face; cheekbone; earlobe; forehead; nostril; jaw; mouth; TRUNK: shoulders; back; neck; waist; buttocks; bosom; navel; belly; breast; chest; LIMBS: hand; fingernail; thumb; palm; ring finger; knee; ankle; toes; arm; forefinger; elbow. g ‘A) |. jaw; 2. hair; 3. teeth; 4. cheek; 5. eyebrow; 6. eye; 7. nose; 8. throat; 9. eyelashes; 10. ear; 11. forehead; 12. chin; 13. lip; 14. tongue; 15. mouth; 16. neck. B) I. shoulder; 2. head; 3. back; 4. elbow; 5. thigh; 6. wrist; 7. ankle; 8. foot; 9. leg; 10. chest; 11. finger; 12. hand; 13. knee; 14. bottom; 15, toe; 16. stomach; 17, waist; 18. heel; 19. arm; 20. thumb. a 1. bulging; 2. receding; 3. shrewd; 4. frail; 5. stooped; 6. hour-glass; 7. snub; 8. aquiline; 9. tangled. ad; b.5; €.2; d.6; €.8; £11; 8.7; 9} 1.21; 5.13; K.18; 116; m.17; n.14; 0.1; p.12; 4.10; 1.20; 8.19; 1.15; u. a 1. “How could any woman not love him? Six fet tall, two hundred pounds, wide shoulders, a slim waist, ‘muscular, and a face like a dark angel: well-cut lips like those on marble statue. It wasn’t unusual for women to be struck dumb at the sight of him.” (Jude Deveraux, “The Heiress”) 2. “As for Jamie, he saw a very pretty young woman, not beautiful like the heiress, but the animation on her face made up for everything. She had a heart- shaped face with dark hazel eyes surrounded by silky dark lashes, alittle straight nose and the most perfect, mouth he had ever seen.” (Jude Deveraux, “The Heiress”) 342 3. “She had short, thick forearms, fingers like cocktail sausages, and a broad fleshy nose with flared nostrils. Her head was too large for her body. Her earlobes ‘were weighted loops, her earrings sitting in them like children in a merry-go(not all the way)-round.” (Arundhuti Roy, “The God of the Small Things”) 4. “In his late thirties, he was an unathletic little man His taut belly was completely at odds with the rest of his thin, narrow body and sallow cheeks. His neat, pencil moustache divided his upper lip horizontally into half. His hair had begun to recede. It was oiled and combed back off his forehead. Clearly youth was not what he was after.” (Arundhuti Roy, “The God of ‘the Small Things”) 5. “Then a figure appeared in the doorway. He saw me ‘without surprise, with a small smile on his face. He was nearly completely bald as old leather, a man whose age ‘was impossible to tell. The most striking thing about him was the intensity of his eyes: very dark-brown emphasized by the remarkably clear whites. He was obviously a man who rarely smiled. Deep furrows ran from beside his aquiline nose to the corners of his firm mouth; they suggested experience, command.” (John Fowles, “The Magus”) 6. “It was a slim girl of about my height, in her early twenties. She had a ravishinely pretty face, but completely untanned, without any make-up. ‘The Botticelli face; gray-violet eyes. The eyes especially ‘were beautiful; almond eyes, giving a natural mystery to the face... But her smile was strange — as if she was sharing a secret with me. There was something about her mouth calm and amused, that was at the same time enigmatic...” John Fowles, “The Magus”) wm 1. 1 liked Rebecca at first sight. She had clever (nteltigent), kind, slightly quizzical eyes, a little bit turned up small nose, well-cut lips and a charming smile. 2. Like a real Frenchwoman Mari changed her hairdo and the colour of her hair very often. Yesterday she could be a blonde with beautifully waved shoulder- length hair; today she could wear it in a bun at the nape of her head, and it could shine in the sun like copper; tomorrow it could be ash blond with a few highlights in flyaway breezy strands. Mari was light- minded and thought more about her appearance than about her studies and her future career. 3. Though Mrs Louder was not yet 35 there were a lot of grey strands in her hair. She had hardly ever dyed her hair and one could see that before she started to go srey, her hair was dark brown. In the picture hanging con the wall one could see young Mrs Louder. In it she hhad two funny pig-tails, mischievous eyes and a broad happy smile, 4. Agatha Christie gave her famous character Hercule Poirot such a memorable appearance that this character of her novels could always be easily recognized/ be easy to recognize. He was not tall and rather stocky. He had an egg-shaped head, a bushy moustache, which he took ‘reat care of, and clever, shrewd eyes. Besides he had a habit to dress well and in taste, he liked punctuality and symmetry in everything. 5. Most nations have distinctive features of appearance. For example, people from oriental countries are short rather than tall. They have jet-black hair, dark slanting eyes and round faces. Slavs, on the contrary, are usually tall, with fair or chestnut hair, big blue, hazel, Brey or green eyes. Historic chronicles describe Slavie men as broad-shouldered, muscular, with moustaches and beards. Slavic women were mostly tall and slender in youth, but got pleasantly plump in the middle age. By the ancient tradition Slavic women wore long plaits and did not cover their heads with kerchiefs. After the ‘wedding the plaits were wound round the head and covered with a kerchief or a headdress. a 1. Miserable Smile (4);2. Power Smile (5); 3. Flirtatious ‘Smile 2); 4. Qualifier Smile(3); 5. Embarrassed ‘Smile (6); 6. Felt Smile (1). ADJECTIVES TO DESCRIBE SMILES attractive brave, broad charming disarming, deceiving encouraging friendly, false, fake, fixed glued, genuine hearty, happy ironic, intriguing, icy jolly kind, knowing lovely, little mysterious nasty, nervous, nice, naughty optimistic Tapescripts and answer key section — pleasant, polite radiant, ready, reassuring sceptical, silly, sincere, stupid, sunny trained, tense understanding, victorious winning 113) to cheer smb up; to change mood; a bad experience; a toothy grin; a sincere/ genuine/ felt smile; genuine happiness; eye contact; miserable; to reflect the smiler’s feelings; the more you smile, the happier you become; persuasive; trustworthy. 5 Bf; 4b; 5.a; 6.¢; Te. 1. took the edge off; 2. gets to; 3. feel blue/ are feeling blue; 4. felt the urge; 5. lift her spirits; 6. feel at ease; 7. make the best of. ‘SUGGESTED ANSWERS: 1. mysterious; 2. icy; 3. sceptical; 4. nervous; 5. victorious, happy, radiant; 6. happy; 7. nasty; 8. fake, fixed, glued, insincere; 9. happy, radiant, friendly; 10. ready, fake, fixed, glued. ‘TAPESCRIPT Smile, though your heart is aching Smile, even though it’s breaking, When there are clouds in the sky: You'll get by, if you smi Through your fear and sorrow, Smile and maybe tomorrow You'll see the sun Come shining through For you, Light up your face with gladness, Hide every trace of sadness, Although a tear may be ever so near. That's the time you must keep on trying, Smile, what’s the use of crying? You'll find that life is still worth while If you just smile. 343 ~~ Tapescripts and answer key section is 24; Bo; 4; Sis 6b; 7k; 81; 9F; Wg; Ua; 12h stupid — not very smart; cruel — not very kin greedy — not very generous; rude — not very polite; ugly — not very good-looking; reserved — not very ‘open/ not very communicative; absent-minded — not very attentive; cowardly — not very brave; suspicious — not very straightforward; boring — not very interesting/ not very exciting; short — not very tall; miserable — not very happy. Aj; 2.a; 3.i; 4.f; 5.b; 6.¢; 7.h; 8.d; 9c; 10.2. wa 1. opinions; 2. practise; 3. intuitive; 4. activity; 5. considerate; 6. understanding; 7. quick; 8. appearing; 9. enthusiastic; 10. opposite; 11. comfortable; 12. liste 13. conversation; 14. might. ‘TAPESCRIPT Think the spelling of your name means nothing? According to the noted astrologist Terry Miller, the spelling of your name says a lot about your personality. Ifthe first vowel in your first name is ‘a’, you are assertive, bold and dramatic. You have strong opinions and sometimes you talk before you think things through. You may need to practise diplomacy and tact. If the first vowel in your first name is ‘e’, you are thoughtful, entertaining, intuitive, and usually able to keep up any conversation. Your mind needs constant activity, so you may have trouble staying totally focused, If the first vowel in your first name is ‘’, you are considerate, gentle and you try to maintain a positive, understanding approach in conversations. Patience is sometimes lacking, 50 you may have a quick temper. Learn to let some time pass before making any hasty decisions. If the first vowel in your first name is ‘o’, you are knowledgeable, sensitive and patient. You usually try to go along with the crowd in conversations. You can seem a bit phony at times, and should watch appearing two-faced. If the first vowel in your first name is ‘u’, you are intelligent, charming, enthusiastic, socially skilled, and good with words. You can be somewhat withdrawn or shy, or just the opposite — overly talkative at times. 344 If you're shy, take a debate class to help you feel more comfortable speaking up. If you're overly talkative, learn to listen more. If the first vowel in your first name is ‘y’, you are intuitive, somewhat controlled and contained at the beginning of conversation. You can sometimes seem stand-offish or “bottled-up,” so it might help you to take a speech class to help you be more open. 1. By her nature, she was very stubborn and with a strong commanding stance/ liked to be bossy. She trusted only herself and was independent in her thoughts and deeds. All these qualities can be spoken of both as advantages and disadvantages. 2. I never liked his caution and suspicion in his attitude to other people. I was looking forward to going back home 3. When we describe our favourite cinema characters they turn out to be very nice people that is honest, faithful, friendly and always ready to help. 4, We think that a future teacher should be optimistic. This profession presupposes an active position in life, creativity, generosity of heart, flexibility and tolerance to pupils’ mistakes. 5. His love of travelling and risk-taking brought him to remote Alaska. His fear of strong emotions, his confidence that these feelings were not for him, deprived him of the only loving heart. All he had was loneliness and eternal winter. 6. Experts claim that our attention is mostly drawn to considerate/ thoughtful/ sympathetic, modest and sociable people. Naturally this only happens when they are physically attractive Unit 3. EVERY MAN TO HIS TRADE a Le; 2; 3; 4.5 545 6.8; 72; B.k; 9.d; 10.h; Ia a 1d; 2.a; 3. 4; 5.g; 6.0; 7b; 8h. 1, mathematician; 2. technician; 3. chemist; 4, astronomer; 5. physicist; 6. physician; 7. physicist; 8. psychologist; 9. historian; 10, philosopher; 11. actor; 12. editor; 13. musician, 4) postman; b) soldier; c) lawyer; d) secretary; ¢) librarian; f) architect. Professions: lawyer; web designer; broker; receptionist;

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