DUQM REFINERY PROJECT

EPC- PACKAGE-1 PROCESS UNIT

Line of Fire

Health, Safety, Security, Environment &

Social (HSSES)
 OBJECTIVE
The objective of providing “Line of Fire”
training Session are:

❑ Understand What is “Line of Fire”

❑ Identify Hazards associated with Line of Fire
❑ How to prevent line of fire hazards
 Area of concern

❑ Heavy Equipment

❑ Machinery

❑ Hand and powertools

❑ Material Handling

❑ Mobile Equipment
 CONTENT
1. What is ‘Line of Fire”

1. 3 Major categories of Line of Fire

1. Examples

2. Behaviour that leads to Hazard

3. Ways to Identify Line of fire Hazards

4. How to prevent Line of Fire hazards

 What is “Line of Fire”
Line of Fire: A simple definition of “line of fire” is being in harm’s
way. Line of fire injuries occur when the path of a moving
object or the release of hazardous energy intersects with an
individual’s body.
Three major categories of Line of fire

1. Caught-in or between

2. Struck-by or Dropped loads/objects

3. Released energy
 1. Caught-in or between

Caught-in hazards are one of the four most deadly hazards found at
construction sites. A person being squeezed, caught, crushed, pinched, or
compressed between two or more objects, or between parts of an object.
 Hazard Recognition

Caught-in hazards occur when a worker could be caught inside of or in

between different objects.
 Hazard Recognition

Entanglement / Pulled by
If guards are used, ensuring the guards are fitted to prevent access to moving
parts and nip points.
Guarding controls should include:
• Fitting guards that cannot be removed, where reasonably practicable and there is no need for access
• Installing interlocked guards if access is required for operation, maintenance, repair, inspection, servicing and
cleaning. The interlock should account for factors such as tamper resistance, stored energy and run-down time of
components
• Only using guards which require a special tool to remove or modify them if it is not reasonably practicable to
permanently secure the guard or interlock the guard. This is considered an administrative control
 Hazard Recognition

Entanglement / Pulled by
 Hazard Recognition

Object Under Tension

• Be aware and stay clear of tensioned lines such as cable,

chain and rope.

• Use only correct gripping devices. Select proper equipment

based on size and load limit.

• Be cautious of torque stresses that drilling equipment and

truck augers can generate. Equipment can rotate

unexpectedly long after applied torque force has been

stopped
 Cranes and Heavy Equipment

Caught-in hazards are Never place yourself between a

often created when piece of heavy equipment and
an immovable object.
working around heavy
equipment.
 Cranes and Heavy Equipment

Always work at a Never work in the swing

safe distance from radius of rotating
equipment. equipment.
 Tools and Equipment

Caught-in hazards exist when workers remove or disable guards on tools or

equipment.
 Tools and Equipment

Never place your Gloves, long sleeve shirts, jewelry, or loose fitting
hands or body near clothing can be hazardous if caught in moving parts,
moving parts check with manufacturer recommendation for the PPE
 Tools and Equipment

Never use equipment that is missing guards or other protective

devices.
 Material Handling
Use caution when Be careful when stacking and storing
handling materials materials.
 Material Handling

Do not place yourself between materials and an immovable structure.

 2. Struck by or dropped loads/objects

A. Hazard Recognition
1. Struck-by Falling Objects
2. Struck-by Flying Objects
3. Struck-by Swinging/Slipping Objects
4. Struck-by Objects on Ground Level

B. Accident Prevention
1. Personal Protective Equipment
2. Material Storage
3. Proper Materials Handling
4. Work Zone Safety
 2. Struck by or dropped loads/objects

Struck-by hazards are one of the four most deadly hazards found at
construction sites.
Struck-by hazards exist any time a worker could be struck or hit by an
object.

Materials being moved overhead expose

you to falling objects.
 2. Struck by or dropped loads/objects

Keep a safe distance from suspended

Store materials properly.
loads.
 2. Struck by or dropped loads/objects

Power tools and activities such as Grinding or striking materials can

pushing, pulling, or prying can create create flying object hazards.
flying objects.
 3. Released energy
Released/Hazardous energy is any type of energy in
sufficient quantity to cause injury to a worker.

The common sources include electricity, mechanical

motion, pressurized air, and hot and cold temperatures. It
may occur during the installation, maintenance, service, or
repair of machines, equipment, processes, or systems
 3. Released energy

Working very close to the object under pressure

EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE

Blind Spot
 Behaviour that leads to Hazards

• Rushing – You are in a hurry to complete a task

• Frustration – You are angry, irritated, or annoyed
• Fatigue – You are tired
• Complacency – You have completed a task many times
and have never been hurt before

Rushing Frustration Fatigue Complacency

 Ways to identify the Hazards

• Look for hazards before you start working

• Ask yourself, “What can hurt me in this job?”

• If you don’t know, ask supervisor or line Manager

• The Line of Fire identification of hazard mainly focuses

on body positioning.
• Keep yourself and others out of the line of fire

• Take action to secure loose objects and report

potential dropped objects
 How to prevent “Line of Fire” Hazards

1. Elimination – is the best way to eliminate the hazards

that cause ‘line of Fire’ injuries in the work place

• Removing loose objects from elevated work locations

that can fall and strike employees below
• Taking equipment out of service that possess major
caught in between hazard
 How to prevent “Line of Fire” Hazards

2. Engineering control – is the another best way if Elimination

is not possible
• Physical barriers to keep employees out of danger area
• Guards on moving equipment
 How to prevent “Line of Fire” Hazards

3. Wearing PPE – Never relayed on in place of Elimination

and engineering control, but it can upto minimise damage
if you do find yourself a victim while a ‘Line of Fire Injury’
• Physical barriers to keep employees out of danger
area
• Guards on moving equipment
EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE
BE AWARE WHAT THE HAZARDS ARE IN YOUR WORK
PLACE AND WHERE YOU CAN
FIND YOURSELF IN A LINE OF FIRE

STAY AWARE WHAT WORK IS AROUND YOU AND

FINDING YOURSELF A VICTIM OF A LINE OF FIRE
INJURY