1841-1872 - From Cofradia until the execution of GomBurZa

1. Paanong paraan pinatay ang tatlong pari na sina Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos at
Jacinto Zamora?
* Pagbaril
* Garrote**
* Silya Elektrika
* Pinugutan ng ulo

2. Kanino inialay ni Rizal ang nobela na El Filibusterismo?

* GomBurZa**
* Pilipino
* Kababaihan
* Espanyol

4. Ano ang samahang itinayo noong 1832 laban sa maling pamamalakad ng mga
prayle?

* La Liga Filipina
* Kilusang Propaganda
* Cofradia/ Cofradia de San Jose **
* Katipunan

3. Ano ang pangarap ni Apolinario de la Cruz noong siya ay bata pa?

* Doktor
* Pari **
* Manunulat
* Sundalo

5. Ilang taon ng namatay ang lider ng cofradia na si Hermano Puli?

* 25
* 26
* 28
* 29

6. Kailan pinaslang si Apolinario de la Cruz?

* November 1, 1841
* November 2, 1841
* November 4, 1841**
* November 5, 1841
 1719-1745- From the rise of the friarocracy until the Agrarian Revolt

Friarocracy

It is the power of religious orders remained one of the great constants over the
centuries of Spanish colonial rule.
Late 19th century, the friars of the Augustinian, Dominican, and Franciscan orders
conducted many of the executive and control functions of government on the local level.
Contrary to the principles of the church, they allegedly used information gained in
confession to pinpoint troublemakers.
Given the minuscule number of Spanish living outside the capital even in the nineteenth
century, the friars were regarded as indispensable instruments of Spanish rule that
contemporary critics labeled a “friarocracy” (frialocracia)

Agrarian Uprisings (1745-46)

The Filipino tenants, embittered by their agrarian bondage, rose in arms and
fought for the ownership of their lands.
Hostilities were particularly violent in the towns of Lian, Nasugbu, Taal, Hagonoy,
Taguig, Paranaque, San Mateo, Bacoor, Cavite, Silang, Imus, and Binan.
Manila especially in Bulacan, Batangas, Laguna and Cavite are the provinces where the
rose series of agrarian uprisings.
The first sparks that ignited the agrarian uprisings appeared in the Jesuit estates
of Lian and Nasugbu in Batangas
September 1745, the Filipinos rose in rebellion recover the lands which they considered
their birthright.
The revolt were suppressed, but the Filipino tenants never forgot their agrarian
grievances.

It is the power of religious orders remained one of the great constants.

a. Friarocracy
b. La Solidaridad
c. The Palaris Revolt
d. Propaganda Movement

The first sparks that ignited the agrarian uprisings appeared in the Jesuit estates of Lian
and Nasugbu in
a. Biñan
b. Imus
c. Batangas
d. Bacoor
The Filipinos rose in rebellion to recover the lands which they considered their birthright
on
a. October 1748
b. October 1744
c. September 1747
d. September 1745

In late ________ century, the friars of the Augustinian, Dominican, and Franciscan
orders conducted many of the executive and control functions of government on the
local level.
a. 17th century
b. 18th century
c. 19th century**
d. 20th century

It is where the Filipino tenants, embittered by their agrarian bondage, rose in arms and
fought for the ownership of their lands.
a) Tapar Religious Revolt
b) Agrarian Uprisings
c) Friarocracy
d) Malong's Revolt

What is the spanish term for frairocracy?

a. frilocraciè
b. friarocracié
c. frialocracia
d. frirocracia
1872 – 1898 - From the GomBurZa to the Declaration of Independence

Gomburza, alternatively spelled GOMBURZA or GomBurZa, refers to three

Filipino Catholic priests (Mariano Gomez, José Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora), who were
executed on February 17, 1872 at Bagumbayan, Philippines by Spanish colonial
authorities on charges of subversion arising from the 1872 Cavite mutiny. The name is a
portmanteau of the priests' surnames.
Their execution had a profound effect on many late 19th-century Filipinos; José
Rizal, later to become the country's national hero, would dedicate his novel El
Filibusterismo to their memory.[1] Mutiny by workers in the Cavite Naval Yard was the
pretext[2][3] needed by the authorities to redress a perceived humiliation from the
principal objective, José Burgos, who threatened the established order.

● 1892 - Jose Rizal founded the civic organization La Liga Filipina.

● 1896 - Katipuneros tear their cedulas & shout in contempt of the Spaniards in what is
called the Cry of Pugadlawin.

● 1897 - General Emilio Aguinaldo establishes the a new republic at Biak-na-Bato in

Bulacan.

● 1886 - José Rizal publishes anti-Spanish novel, Noli Me Tangere (The Lost Eden);
and seers up independence sentiment.

● 1896 - Spanish execute Rizal for instigating insurrection; public outrage spawns
rebellion.

● 1898 - American warship Maine was blown up in Havana harbour, triggers the the
Spanish-American war, the battle of Manila Bay ensues.

● 1898 - Emilio Aguinaldo assembled the Malolos Congress in Bulacan, then declares
independence in Kawit, Cavite
Where did the Philippine declaration of independence occur?

a. Leyte Landing MP
b. Kawit, Cavite
c. Quezon Memorial Shrine

It was declared on ______________?

a. June 21, 1899

b. June 02, 1988
c. June 12, 1898

Katipuneros tear their cedulas and shout in contempt of the Spaniards in is what we
called?

a. Cry of Balintawak
b. Cry of Pugadlawin
c. Cry of Bahay – Toro

In ________________ the Gomburza was executed by the Spaniards?

a. 1871
b. 1872
c. 1873

______________ execute Rizal for instigating insurrection; public outrage spawns

rebellion?

a. Americans
b. Japanese
c. Spaniards

It was on ___________________ when the central government in Madrid issued a

decree condemning masonry as a secret organization?

A. July 2, 1896
B. June 2, 1896
C. August 2, 1896
1521 - 1565 From the arrival of Magellan to the arrival of Legazpi

Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan landed on Homonhon Islet (Limasawa Island),

near Samar Island in the present-day Philippines, at dawn on March 16, 1521. He
claimed the islands for Spain, named them the Islas del Poniente (Western Islands) and
held the Philippines first Catholic mass on April 14, 1521 on Cebu, where he planted a
cross on the spit where a local ruler was converted along with the 800 of his people.
Local believed that the cross possessed magical powers and over the centuries that
followed took pieces of it

Magellan spent about a month in the Philippines. He was welcomed to the islands of
Samar, Leyte, and Limasawa. Within a week of arriving on Cebu he converted 400
islanders including Humabon and Juana, the island's king and queen. Professor Susan
Russell wrote: “Magellan's arrival in Cebu represents the first attempt by Spain to
convert Filipinos to Roman Catholicism. The story goes that Magellan met with Chief
Humabon of the island of Cebu, who had an ill grandson. Magellan (or one of his men)
was able to cure or help this young boy, and in gratitude Chief Humabon allowed 800 of
his followers to be 'baptized' Christian in a mass baptism. [Source: Professor Susan
Russell, Department of Anthropology, Center for Southeast Asian Studies Northern
Illinois University, seasite.niu.edu]

Magellan was killed on Mactan Island off Cebu Island by a local leader named Lapu
Lapu. A plaque on Mactan reads: "Here Lapu Lapu and his men repulsed the Spanish
invaders, killing their leader, Ferdinand Magellan, Thus Lapu Lapu became the first
Filipino to have repelled European aggression." Of the 300 or so men that left Portugal
with Magellan on his ship only 14 made it back alive.

After Magellan’s voyage, Spain sent four more expeditions. Ruy Lopez de Villalobos,
commander of the fourth expedition, renamed the islands after the heir to the Spanish
throne, Philip, Charles I's son. Philip, as King Philip II, sent a fresh fleet led by the
Spanish Conquistador Miguel Lopez de Legazpi to the islands in the mid-16th century
with strict orders to colonise and Catholicise. In 1565 an agreement was signed by
Legazpi and Tupas, the defeated chief of Cebu, which made every Filipino answerable
to Spanish law.

Legazpi went to New Spain (Mexico) in 1545, serving for a time as clerk in the local
government. Although Ferdinand Magellan had discovered the Philippine archipelago in
1521, no European settlements had been made there, so Luis de Velasco, the viceroy
of New Spain, sent Legazpi to claim it in 1564. He left Acapulco with five ships and
reached Cebu, one of the southern islands of the archipelago, in April 1565, founding
the first Spanish settlement on the site of modern Cebu City.

Augustinians Establish Themselves in the Philippines

David Gutierrez wrote in the History of the Order of St. Augustine: “In the Order of St.
Augustine in the 16th century, it was the Augustinian Province of Castile that
aggressively moved to and participated in the missionary activity of the Church. In the
year 1527, when Juan Gallego was elected as Provincial of the said circumscription, he
took the initiative to promote missionary activity. For this reason he was also known as
the creator of the missionary ideal in the Order. Though he was tasked to lead the first
Augustinian missionary to Mexico, he was not able to carry this out for he died in 1534.
[Source: David Gutierrez, History of the Order of St. Augustine, August 9, 2012 *=*]

“After some time of studies and application to obtain the necessary permission, seven
religious men (Augustinians) were appointed to initiate this new endeavour. They were
“all men of great intelligence and talent and almost all of recognized holiness.” They
embarked at Seville on March 3, 1533 and arrived in Mexico on June 7 of the same
year where they were welcomed as guests by the Dominicans for more than a month
until they had their own house. Mexico served as a base of operations for missionaries
in this century, and what have been mentioned about evangelizing, humanitarian and
cultural work in Mexico also applies to the Augustinian missions in Latin America and
the Philippines. *=*

“On first attempt on November 1, 1542, the Augustinians travelled from Mexico to the
Philippine Islands. They stayed for a short time and did not establish any missions at
that time. On September 24, 1559, King Philip of Spain wrote a letter to Andres de
Urdaneta, a former captain in his father’s service and later an Augustinian friar, asking
him to take part in the expedition which was to sail from Mexico “to discover the islands
of the setting of the sun.” The King added: “according to the great knowledge which you
say you have about the things of that land, and understanding as you do about
navigation, and being a good cosmographer, it would be of great importance that you
should set out in those aforesaid ships, to see what you may discover for your
expedition and for the service of our Lord.” With this letter, the king sent another to the
Provincial of the Augustinians in Mexico informing him of the content of the letter to
Urdaneta. The king also expressed his wish that the Provincial send other Augustinians
along with Urdaneta, that they might start Christianizing the islands that they would
discover. Thus, the first five famous Augustinians joined the expedition and set sail for
the Orient. *=*
 “They all arrived to the island of Cebu on April 27, 1565. On May 5, they began the
construction of the first foundation which the missionaries dedicated to the Child Jesus,
in honor of the statue of our Saviour which Pigaffeta, the historian of Magellan’s
expedition, had given to the ruler of Cebu and his wife in 1521, and which the
Augustinians found upon their arrival. As to date, the Augustinians have been in the
Philippines for 470 years. Jürgen Moltmann once said: “Historical awareness
differentiates between the present past and the past present, and puts us in the position
to discover the future in the past, to pick up past possibilities again to link them with the
present future.” *=*
 1521-1565 Chronology of Events

(1521) Portuguese explorer, Ferdinand Magellan discovered Homonhon Island, named

it "Arcigelago de San Lazaro"

(1521) Magellan reached the Philippines

(1521) Magellan reached Limasawa Island, met Rajah Kulambo, the ruler

(1521) Magellan and Kulambo entered into blood compact

(1521) First Philippine mass is held at Limasawa

(1521) Magellan sailed to Cebu Island, entered into blood compact with Chieftain Rajah
Humabon

(1521) Magellan died in battle near Cebu

(1525 - 1536) Spain attempted sending three more expeditions to Philippines - all failed

(1543) Spanish expedition led by Ruy Lopez de Villalobos arrived; he named the islands
the Philippines in honor of Philip II, son of King Charles I of Spain

(1565) Expedition led by Miguel Lopez de Legaspi arrived

(1565) Legaspi established first permanent Spanish settlement on Cebu, became first
Spanish General-Governor

(1568) Portuguese attacked Cebu, blockaded port

The _______ religion is already present until the Spaniards were challenged and came
to put a vast number of Filipinos into ____________ religion that they promote.

a. Tribal, Islam
b. Islam, Christian
c. Tribal, Christian
d. Christian, Tribal
He is a greatly known as the person who circumnavigated the Earth which later ended
by a native leader in ___________. The question is who is he & what completes the
sentence.

a. Miguel Lopez Legazpi, Bohol

b. Lapu-lapu, Sugbu
c. Antonio Pigaffeta, Butuan
d. Magellan, Cebu

True or False: The first mass happened in Limasawa.

a. True, it happened in 1521.

b. False, Limasawa is Butuan so it is Butuan jot Limasawa.
c. True, it is proven by Antonio Pigafetta on his records
d. False, it is just an opinion.

Magellan came back to Spain and then after his voyage, Spain sent four more
expeditions. Ruy Lopez de Villalobos, commander of the fourth expedition, renamed the
islands after the heir to the Spanish throne, Philip, Charles I's son.

a. This is correct
b. This is not true, (why)
c. Villalobos is the commander of the fifth expedition.
d. Not sure

Who left Acapulco with five ships and reached Cebu, one of the southern islands of the
archipelago, in April __1565, founding the first Spanish settlement on the site of modern
Cebu City?

a. Legaspi, 27
b. Magellan, 15
c. Velasco, 19

It is what Spaniards call to Islam Filipinos that were abundant for about a century earlier
than their arrival.

a. Guerilla
b. Moro
c. Hudio
d. Islamo
 1745 - 1841 From the Agrarian Revolt until the Cofradia Revolt

 The AGRARIAN REVOLT was a revolt undertaken between the years 1745 and
1746.
 Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, Quezon stands for CALABARZON
 Basi Revolt was also known as the Ambaristo Revolt
 Diego Silang - declared the independence of Ilocandia naming the state “Free
Ilocos”.
 Pule Revolt - is one of the famous religious revolt
 The Palmero Conspirancy in 1828 was a failed plot to overview the Spanish
government in the Philippines

The ________________ was a revolt undertaken between the years 1745 and 1746?

a. Agrarian revolt
b. Silang revolt
c. Pule revolt

CALABARZON stands for Cavite, Laguna, ______________, Rizal, Quezon?

a. Baguio
b. Batanes
c. Batangas

This revolt was also known as the Ambaristo Revolt?

a. Basi Revolt
b. Novales Revolt
c. Silang RevolT

He declared the independence of Ilocandia naming the state “Free Ilocos”.

a. Diego Silang
b. Lapu – lapu
c. Emilio Jacinto
It is one of the famous religious revolt?

a. Pule Revolt
b. Novales Revolt
c. Silang Revolt

The Palmero Conspirancy in ______ was a failed plot to overview the Spanish
government in the Philippines?

a. 1828
b. 1288
c. 1882
 1565- 1599 From the arrival of Legazpi until the Referendum of 1599
In 1569, Legazpi transferred to Panay and founded a second settlement on the bank of
the Panay River. In 1570, Legazpi sent his grandson, Juan de Salcedo, who had arrived
from Mexico in 1567, to Mindoro to punish Moro pirates who had been plundering
Panay villages. Salcedo also destroyed forts on the islands of Ilin and Lubang,
respectively South and Northwest of Mindoro.

In 1570, Martín de Goiti, having been dispatched by Legazpi to Luzon, conquered the
Kingdom of Maynila (now Manila). Legazpi then made Maynila the capital of the
Philippines and simplified its spelling to Manila. His expedition also renamed Luzon
Nueva Castilla. Legazpi became the country's first governor-general. With time, Cebu's
importance fell as power shifted north to Luzon. The archipelago was Spain's outpost in
the orient and Manila became the capital of the entire Spanish East Indies. The colony
was administered through the Viceroyalty of New Spain (now Mexico) until 1821 when
Mexico achieved independence from Spain. After 1821, the colony was governed
directly from Spain.

During most of the colonial period, the Philippine economy depended on the Galleon
Trade which was inaugurated in 1565 between Manila and Acapulco, Mexico. Trade
between Spain and the Philippines was via the Pacific Ocean to Mexico (Manila to
Acapulco), and then across the Caribbean Sea and Atlantic Ocean to Spain (Veracruz
to Cádiz). Manila became the most important center of trade in Asia between the 17th
and 18th centuries. All sorts of products from China, Japan, Brunei, the Moluccas and
even India were sent to Manila to be sold for silver 8-Real coins which came aboard the
galleons from Acapulco. These goods, including silk, porcelain, spices, lacquerware and
textile products were then sent to Acapulco and from there to other parts of New Spain,
Peru and Europe.

The European population in the archipelago steadily grew although natives remained
the majority. They depended on the Galleon Trade for a living. In the later years of the
18th century, Governor-General Basco introduced economic reforms that gave the
colony its first significant internal source income from the production of tobacco and
other agricultural exports. In this later period, agriculture was finally opened to the
European population, which before was reserved only for the natives.
During Spain’s 333 year rule in the Philippines, the colonists had to fight off the Chinese
pirates (who lay siege to Manila, the most famous of which was Limahong in 1574),
Dutch forces, Portuguese forces, and indigenous revolts. Moros from western Mindanao
and the Sulu Archipelago also raided the coastal Christian areas of Luzon and the
Visayas and occasionally captured men and women to be sold as slaves.

Some Japanese ships visited the Philippines in the 1570s in order to export Japanese
silver and import Philippine gold. Later, increasing imports of silver from New World
sources resulted in Japanese exports to the Philippines shifting from silver to consumer
goods. In the 1580s, the Spanish traders were troubled to some extent by Japanese
pirates, but peaceful trading relations were established between the Philippines and
Japan by 1590. Japan's kampaku (regent), Toyotomi Hideyoshi, demanded
unsuccessfully on several occasions that the Philippines submit to Japan's suzerainty.

On February 8, 1597, King Philip II, near the end of his 42-year reign, issued a Royal
Cedula instructing Francisco de Tello de Guzmán, then Governor-General of the
Philippines to fulfill the laws of tributes and to provide for restitution of ill-gotten taxes
taken from the natives. The decree was published in Manila on August 5, 1598. King
Philip died on 13 September, just forty days after the publication of the decree, but his
death was not known in the Philippines until middle of 1599, by which time a
referendum by which the natives would acknowledge Spanish rule was underway. With
the completion of the Philippine referendum of 1599, Spain could be said to have
established legitimate sovereignty over the Philippines.

Retrieved from:
https://ipfs.io/ipfs/QmXoypizjW3WknFiJnKLwHCnL72vedxjQkDDP1mXWo6uco/wiki/
History_of_the_Philippines_(1521-1898).html

During Spain’s _____ year rule in the Philippines, the colonists had to fight off the
Chinese pirates Dutch forces, Portuguese forces, and indigenous revolts.

a. 222
b. 333
c. 243
d. 244

Who was the grandson that Legazpi had sent to punish Moro pirates who had been
plundering Panay villages?

a. Barra de Navidad
 b. Juan de Salcedo
c. Phillip Legazpi
d. Francisco Legazpi

What kind of trading system did the Philippines depend on during most of the colonial
period?

a. . Acapulco Trade
b. Spanish East Indies Trade
c. Dutch Trade
d. Galleon Trade

Who led a Spanish expedition of a mere 500 men on November 19, 1564?

a. Ruy Lopez de Villalobos

b. Juan de Salcedo
c. Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
d. Phillip II of Spain

Who issued a Royal Cedula on February 8, 1597 instructing Francisco de Tello de

Guzmán, then Governor-General of the Philippines to fulfill the laws of tributes and to
provide for restitution of ill-gotten taxes taken from the natives?

a. Governor General Basco

b. Martin de Gaoti
c. Barra de Natividad
d. King Phillip II
 1599 – 1719 From the Referendum until the rise of frailocracy

They were known at that time played a major role not only in propagating the Christian
faith but also in the political,social,economic and cultural aspect of the Filipinos

a) augustinian
b) Franciscans
c) Friars
d) Dominican

The_______is the most powerful figure in town or pueblo.

a. Parish priest
b. spaniard
c. dominican
d. Jesuits

Who wanted to exposed the system of frailocracy in the Philippines in order to ask for
reforms??

a. Marcelo H.del pilar

b. Andres Bonifacio
c. Jose Rizal
d. Legazpi

Who discusses the conquest of the Philippines with references to the referendum that
Philip II ordered in the royal cedula of 8 February 1597??

a. fr.Fidel Villaroel
b. Domingo de salazar
c. Migule de Binavides
d. Philip II

The culmination of the struggle for justice,documented"referendum"were held the

provinces of ______ ,_____, ______

a. pampanga, tarlac , isabela

b. cavite, batangas, quezon
c. Pangasinan,Cagayan, Laguna
d. Pangasinan,Quezon,Cavite

1521 – 1898

From the arrival of

Ferdinand Magellan
in 1521 until the
declaration of
Independence in
1898