EJEMPLO DE DEDUCCIÓN DE MATRIZ DE RIGIDEZ Y MOMENTOS DE

EMPOTRAMIENTO PARA UNA BARRA DE SECCIÓN VARIABLE

Concreto armado:
6 tonnef
E ≔ 2.2 ⋅ 10 ―――
2
m

Asumir una carga uniformemente distribuida

w de 2 tonf/m en todo el largo de la barra.

SOLUCIÓN

Primero se definen los DMF al aplicar la carga unitaria en las redundantes y al aplicar la carga distribuida.

Datos: Se definen las variables que se emplearán.

tonnef
a ≔ 1.8 m L≔6 m w ≔ 2 ―――
m
b ≔ 0.3 m h ≔ 0.5 m h' ≔ 0.8 m
3 3
b⋅h −3 4 b ⋅ h' −2 4
I ≔ ――= ⎛⎝3.125 ⋅ 10 ⎞⎠ m I' ≔ ――= ⎛⎝1.28 ⋅ 10 ⎞⎠ m
12 12

x (x − L + a)
h1 (x) ≔ h' − ― h2 (x) ≔ h + ――――
6 6

Ecuaciones: Se establecen las ecuaciones de los DMF y de las inercias en función de x.

x −x w 2
m1 (x) ≔ 1 − ― m2 (x) ≔ ―― M (x) ≔ ―⋅ ⎛⎝L ⋅ x − x ⎞⎠
L L 2

3 3
b ⋅ h1 (x) ⎛ x⎞
I1 (x) ≔ ―――― → 0.025 ⋅ m ⋅ ⎜0.8 ⋅ m − ―
12 ⎝ 6 ⎟⎠

3 3
b ⋅ h2 (x) ⎛ x⎞
I2 (x) ≔ ―――― → −0.025 ⋅ m ⋅ ⎜0.2 ⋅ m − ―
12 ⎝ 6 ⎟⎠
Coeficientes de flexibilidad:
a L−a L
⌠ m1 (x) ⋅ m1 (x) ⌠ m1 (x) ⋅ m1 (x) ⌠ m1 (x) ⋅ m1 (x) −4 1
f11 ≔ ⎮ ―――――d x + ⎮ ―――――d x + ⎮ ―――――d x = ⎛⎝1.867 ⋅ 10 ⎞⎠ ――――
⌡ E ⋅ I1 (x) ⌡ E⋅I ⌡ E ⋅ I2 (x) tonnef ⋅ m
0 a L−a

a L−a L
⌠ m2 (x) ⋅ m2 (x) ⌠ m2 (x) ⋅ m2 (x) ⌠ m2 (x) ⋅ m2 (x) −4 1
f22 ≔ ⎮ ―――――d x + ⎮ ―――――d x + ⎮ ―――――d x = ⎛⎝1.867 ⋅ 10 ⎞⎠ ――――
⌡ E ⋅ I1 (x) ⌡ E⋅I ⌡ E ⋅ I2 (x) tonnef ⋅ m
0 a L−a

a L−a L
⌠ m1 (x) ⋅ m2 (x) ⌠ m1 (x) ⋅ m2 (x) ⌠ m1 (x) ⋅ m2 (x) −4 1
f12 ≔ ⎮ ―――――d x + ⎮ ―――――d x + ⎮ ―――――d x = −1.208 ⋅ 10 ――――
⌡ E ⋅ I1 (x) ⌡ E⋅I ⌡ E ⋅ I2 (x) tonnef ⋅ m
0 a L−a

f21 ≔ f12

−4 −4
⎡ f11 f12 ⎤ ⎡ 1.867 ⋅ 10 −1.208 ⋅ 10 ⎤ 1
F≔⎢ =⎢ −4 ⎥ ――――
⎣ f21 f22 ⎦ ⎣ −1.208 ⋅ 10
⎥ −4
1.867 ⋅ 10 ⎦ tonnef ⋅ m

−1
⎡ 9.213 ⋅ 10 3 5.961 ⋅ 10 3 ⎤
K≔F =⎢ 3 3 ⎥ tonnef ⋅ m
⎣ 5.961 ⋅ 10 9.213 ⋅ 10 ⎦

Momentos de empotramiento:
a L−a L
⌠ M (x) ⋅ m1 (x) ⌠ M (x) ⋅ m1 (x) ⌠ M (x) ⋅ m1 (x) −3
D1 ≔ ⎮ ――――― d x + ⎮ ――――― d x + ⎮ ――――― d x = 2.174 ⋅ 10
⌡ E ⋅ I1 (x) ⌡ E⋅I ⌡ E ⋅ I2 (x)
0 a L−a

a L−a L
⌠ M (x) ⋅ m2 (x) ⌠ M (x) ⋅ m2 (x) ⌠ M (x) ⋅ m2 (x) −3
D2 ≔ ⎮ ――――― d x + ⎮ ――――― d x + ⎮ ――――― d x = −2.174 ⋅ 10
⌡ E ⋅ I1 (x) ⌡ E⋅I ⌡ E ⋅ I2 (x)
0 a L−a

−3
⎡ D1 ⎤ ⎡ 2.174 ⋅ 10 ⎤
D≔⎢ =
⎣ D2 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ −2.174 ⋅ 10 −3 ⎥⎦

⎡ −7.071 ⎤
R ≔ −K ⋅ D = ⎢ tonnef ⋅ m
⎣ 7.071 ⎥⎦