BEIbAH TPIIKOBI{G

XYMCKA 3EMJbA

Tepnann Xymcxa semJba, rlo oHolie ruto je yrJlaBHol'r 3aKJbyqeHo y Aoca,qaru-

rroj ucropuorpa$uju, rpe6a;ro 6u ga osnauaBa Beor\ia crapy cpennoBeKoBHy Ap-
)r(aBHy rBopeBrrny oxo peKe Heperne u 6uo 6u cuHoHlrlr ca Apyra .qBa Ha3rrBa 3a
ry o6.nacr 3axymre rr Xym. Muuren'a HayqHHKa' l".e!yrum, HIr rz3AaneKa Hrrcy
- OreopeHo ce, IrcrHHa, perKo KaA I43pasl{na cyl ILa, Linu 3ay3eo Apy-
yjeguauerra.
rauuju (z o6pasiroxeuu) crae, aJrrr ce oirer y pa3JrI{qI{rI.IiI Harrllcrrxf.a BeJII{Kor
6poia ucropuqapa sanaxrajy r\i.Hora ryl'iaqelba xoia ce KarKaA 3l{arHo pasnnxyjy
jeAna oA Apyrnx, rr [peAcraBJbajy, y ne rlaJIoI!. 6pofy c-rryuajeea, ouHueAaH Irpo-
rrraruaj . Cal:o jegaunyr je, xonrzxo ce l\"oxte 3Harz, jacHo peuen ro ca riyut4m
ayropureroM Aa Hr{cy ,,yBeK AoEo.rrno ogpeleHu nojr.osz Xyr'.a z 3axyr Jra"
(8. Eoponuh);- on canr, r'teflnum, orurpo he geojurn ra ABa nojra. 3axyl .rre ce,
no lbeMy, npocrupano ol Bpyn'e go Eilaraja u laqxa, a oAarne Ha zcrox go Jlun'-a,
MH:retueea u 6uje.nor rlo!'ba 3axBaTao 6u Xyii,, orpagl{Blull ce unaK Aa ,,ce t}oc.ne
Xyn uecro ugeurzSunoBao ca 3axyrJrer'r"l; I{sy3eruo, r.e!yrur'., y6pojuhe n Tpe-
6un e y xy^-cxy o6nacr2, a jeguol'r (uocpeguo) Ia x{yily tpaueezqy.3 tr4 y Jupe-
uexouoj ,,I,Icroptrjn Cp6a", ge.ny xoje Hecyr.ELIBo v AaHac epurn iegan og nai-
cHaxruzjux yrnqaja Ha Haluy nctoprrjcxy HayKy, [I4IrIe 3a Saxyr JI'e uaKo ,qo-
-
nyue y un,qeKcy * Aa ce npocrl{pano ,,oA I{erzHe go Heperee", a 3a Xyrr. ga ie
,,o6la9r og ,Il,y6poenl{Ka Ha ceBep Ao Hepetne".a
Og rpu nolieHyra Ha3IiBa 3axyr.ne' Xyn rtoc-
- Xy'r'.cxa Jr,a,
3en
- oBai
JreAlr,H ce Hexar{o HaiBulxe oAorlahuo y Jllzreparypn, ualio ra, 3arlyAo, y roln o6-
JrrIK)' He HaJl?3I{lvrO AOCIOB}IO UUjedAuUyu- y Cpe,qE,OIreItoBHI{1" I{3BopIrn.a ,,rlpBora
pega" [zcaHulr hHpnrurqoivi (xalro y Paumoj, raKo y Bocuu u jyxrio og me)5
-
1B. B.opoeuh, Ilpoutttociii Xepyezoeuue, hacnux ]yrocnorencxcr npc{'eccpc(or Apy-
rurea XVII, 11-12 (Eeorpag 1937) 872, 8'73,8'17' 879, 880; nr'rcau he, yrrraggoMr noHo-
Bfirr4 HaBeAeua cxRarar6a u y Aeny: Xucruopuja 6o4re, EeorpaA1940' 118-1 19,341 ,364.
2 tr4crn, XucfroPuja Eocue, 365.
3 Vcru, I{pan T'apuixo I l{orupo,+tauuft, Eeorpa4-3emyH 1925, 50.
a K.
Jr.rpeuer, Ucruopuja Cp6a 12, Beorpa,q 1952,457' 509; I. PaAonuh, I<ojn je paguo
rromer{yrrr LrHAeRc, xaA 6yAe r{cro yrrr4Huo y cBoM u3,qapy Ay6poravrrx axara r ncleJLa, rlarru-
cahc y r4HAeKcy sa Xym aa je ,,Comitatus in valle flumir-ris Narenti, in paeninsula Stagni
-
et partibus -
adiacentibus usque ad territorium civiratis Ragrsii", a sa 3ax1r.ne ,,regio inter
Ragusium et fluvium Narentam". J. Pagounh, !,269otauxa axtua u uoteLte I, Eeorpa,n 1934n
937, 995; cp. A. Conoriee M. Ilerepxol;uln, trIctuolucKo-u?alHu cuo'ttelruhu I, Eeorpag
1936, 34s. -
5
Jupeuex, Ucttrtopuja Cp6a 12,66: ,,Ha npurrropcr<oj c5a::n oA .[l6ponrrrr<a Ha ceEep
cne go HeperBe, rra tr y 4omoj AonuHI,I Heperne,6rra je sen:r,a X,r.,r, lpe; r,paj cf elrrer f eFa
Xynr, Xyrucxa seu:ra (qpxeeHocJroB. x/'hdt'hr crapocpn. xlMJ HoEocpn. xym),u 3axt.uuje (car-e
l5 36oprrux @uro:o$crror $axyrrera
226 Be,,'aan Tpnxoenh

IrefO yBeK, r.r jeAuHo, Xyrncxa sei\tJba X,trrurcxa sEftiAJd.6 3a oeaj [ocJIeAIbLI Ha3I{B
-
AaBHo je eeh petreHo, uaKo tlrano He3rpalrHo, .4a ',iecre npaBr{nHlr u Hajr{eUhLI
o6nrrx KojU orpogHoivt BehIrHoM BnaAa y HaIUHM cfl6lteuullllMa" (C. HoeaXoellh)?,
ailU raj caBer Hlrje HauUIao Ha oAroBapajyhz ogsue u caMo ce perl{o nanle ua
r5eroBy gooregnujy trpggeHy, na LI raAa ca narrcycoll Aa ce XygcKa Se[lJba X3-
jeguavyje ca Xepr1eroBuHolr8; rpelrrKa' cBaKaKo, aJILr Koiy he yulruuryr H Apyrl4
Ilr4crlu.e Xy,ncxa 3etlJba ce u[ax He uox(e uOIIcToBeTIITIz ca XepqeroBuHom; TO
cy ABa pa3JrHqrrra [ojMa, KaKo y repr{ropl{ianHo}r, TaKo, joru u BUIIIe' y Ap-
)KaBHO-[paBHO;!1 [OrneAy.
He111ro, ,qaxJre, Hl4ie y peAy ca HaIrrr{M suar{,rrma o ocHoBHI4Nl nlrralrlIlta y Be3I{
ca XyMcKoM 3eMJlotlr. flpefeuo JrH Ha auaJrrr3y llsBopHrrx uo,qaraKa, cJII{Ka ce Hehe
6uruo UpOMeH[rz. KOnrpoeepse y nllreparypu ynpaBg Cy rrocneAuqa cJIItrIHor
crarrA y rpalJfi Kojo5 pac[oJla]r{emo' tra 6u v oBa [ocne,qrba, y crtsapu' 6u;ra eepaH
oApas rrocrojehlrx uporuBpeqHocrli jegne o6jextl4BHe crBapHocrll KaKBy je upeg-
cTaBJbana Xy,ncxa 3ex1Jba ,,y XI{cTopUcKo BpeMe(', ca penUKTLIMa jegne ,qaBHo [po-
Xy;are [poIIIJIocrII, Koiu cy HecTaiaJII{ cacBug clopo, II HoBI{M reHAeHqLIiaMa Ha
Koje cy yrr{qane ogpeleue oKoJIHoCTI{, anu cy pe3ynTarl{ MoTJII{ 6utr u ofier caMo
jegea npuueruu.
Ayrop oBe pacnpaBe cBecraH je retuxoha xoje ra orrexyiy, aJIV I4 quJba Koiu
]I{e.rlr{ Aa rrocrrltHe; KoJrriKo Aa HeKe [po6neMe pelrrH) r4m4ux [pn6nux(Lr KoHaqHo]l
peueH,y, ToJlHKo rI ,qa Apyre, 6poiue' cal\Io rocraBu.

Jour 1911. roAaue, xa.qa ie yquueH rpBH o36uJbuuju noxyurai ga ce Ha oc-

HoBy Ay6poBarlKor apXIIBcKor nlarepl{iana [poroBoplr o [aAy Xepqeroenne, craB-
J6eHe cy Ha yBIrA HayqHoi jaeuoCrn oAnylte Beha y,noreHl{X II3 l(oil4x ce. BUAII
Aa je rraneHa Peuy6nuxa 43t\rel6aJla IIoKnoHe Hairpe 17 . II 1487. ca c!6arrl6.l1
Cxeugepon qui aenit in Chomscha Xemgtia in tenutam locorum que tenebat
-
cherzech Vlatchus, a [oroM' 10. XI 1488, u ca cy6alrlog Koiu ra ,,je nacllt-
jegl.ro" Anu6ero.r'r ,,subaslacho qui tenet id quod tenebat Vlatchus cherzech et
voyvoda Augustinus".l0 CaonulteEe 9BHX no,qaraxa Ilpoupahego je o6jallmercem
Aa je raj ,,drrarr.o" Auo 6110 . . . Bpno MarreH, jegea 4euje xyne: Pyaune (6u-
rehKe) u jpxnu Kpai, rrrro c rtl{Ma rpaHi{qn, TaI{o3BaHIr .I[,onu Bract4", v Ea cy
crpaue xyma)"; He cago IIIT6 ce peun,,Xniu" u,,Xyln" nehe nuxaAa ynorpe5urn HII y,'L{pKBeHo-
HrI y ,,cTapocptt"ta"on" TeKcToBIIMa Hero HII r'rspas ,,Xylrcxa geu:ra" nehe 6urn
",obo"*ar,rr*;',
y ynorpedlr ,,"b"a xpaj ipean,er eera", eeh suarrro pan'je - iour y XII eery; nuie rauno
Htr orro urto "."
je peueuo o flpocTllpa]6y Xylta u 3axynr:r'a aJIII O TOMe y AaJbeM TeI{cTy.
6 O6nux 3aXdlrUng ynorpe6uhe ce, Kao rrrto he -ce BrrAeTrr, caMO HeKOJIIII{O [yTa.
7 Cpilcrce o6tactTtu X u XII eexa,lr.acunx CyA XLVIII (6eorpa4 1880) 33'
8 M. Vego, Poxijest Humske zemlje (Hercegoaine) I, Samobor 1937'
'gV. Klaii, Poxiest Bosne,Zagreb 1882, l; Japeuex, I'IcutopujaCp6a12' 66;
L' Thal-
-d.Studien zur'Geschichte Bosniins ind Serbiens im Mittelalter, Miinchen und Leip_zig 19\4,'-5-9:
loczy,
59; aopoeu1.-" Tepuiuopua.,tuu paseoj 1ocaucxe dpcttaae y cpedLbenr. eexy,l'^ac CKA CLVII
(le3s) 43.
10 Cons. rogatorum XXV, 146, 2'79'; C.Truhelka, Tursko-sloajenski spornenici dubroaa[ke
arhixe, Glastrik Zemaljskog muzeja XXIII (l9ll) 174; cpanuu-8. Hrabak, Herak Vranei,
Godi5njak Istoriskog drusiva BiH VII (1955) 57, san.24 u H. Sabanovit, Bosanski paialuk,
Sarajevo 1959, 166.
 Xylrcxa seu:r,a 227

'liypqn ,,ocBoilrBr.r oBa ABa 3aArba ocrarxa'( rroBeprrJrlr rrx Ha y[paBy ,,uoce6rum
BOi BOAAMA, PYAIIHCKOII I,I AOII,O-BJIAIIIKOM...
Mopa ce oAmax pehu ga ce oBo rymaqene He xrox{e [prrxBarr4Tr.r r.rg Bnrue pa3-
nora. Hajlpe jegna HaqenHa npumeg6a. Tepuropuja xojy je Aplr(ao ilocne.qrrrr
xepqer uuje uulreuvrla KoHcraHrHe rrprpoAe) Henpor\leHJ'brrBa oA florrerKa go xpaja
rteroBe BrraAaBrrHe. O rome urra je v KaAa Blarxo Apx(ao,6vhe ronopa Ha Apyrom
i\recry. Oeom npu.nuxom Mopqmo ce 3aAoBoJbr{rll Koucra:raqujou ga je repuro-
pHjannux nponreHa, HaKo r,rolxAa He3Harurrx, 6zlo y repnoAy 1466- 1481. flpe4
car,{ rraA Xepqeroeuue, reruKo 4a je nocleglrrz Koca.ra Ha npecroJry Apxao Herrrro
Br.IlUe oA rpaAoBa Hosor u Pncna lr jeAuor nunujarypnor ,,3arefa" y3 Ta ABa Mecra
y x(yrur .flpauenuqu. Taj geo HeKaAarrrrbe Xepqeronune, mefyrum, H]rKaAa ce Hnje
parryHao y Xymcny 3eMrby, Hero je jour oA craprrue yJra3no y cacraB rpe6zmcxe
o6:racrv. HE ,,6nnehxe" Py4une Hilcy flprmagale XylrcHoj selurz, ur.rru cy 6zne
y locegy xepqera Blarxa, vrr ux 6ap ou go xpaja nuje sa4prxao, Kao uu .[orre
B,raxe. Bpno je snavajHa u qvrreHrrqa Aa ce HeKoJruKo rollzHa no [aAy Xepqe-
roBrrFre u AeOfiHurrrBHoM opraHr4soBarr,y rypcKe yrpaBe y rrlm xpajeeuma 4y6-
poBarrKfi [vcap uoAceha Ha oHo ,,ruro je Ap]r(ao xeprler BlarKo". ,I[,a je raxo ruro
perreHo 1482, ta u 1483, 6wno 6u n nornrruo Ii JraKo pa3yMJblrBo, a KaA ce ro qvHE
.rax 1487-88, onga ce saucra He BvArr cmr{cao raKBor [ocryrrKa.ll
flucap ie uuax 6ilo y npany urro je raxo [ocryur4o) camo pa3nore rropamo
norpax(rrrrr ua gpyroj crpauu.

loroeo Henpo3zpHor,r raivrou 6una je AocaAa o6annieua cy46zna xepqera

Bnarna rro raAy Hoeor, uajeuue Mo]r(,qa crora rrrro sa raj uepzo4 nuje carryBaHa
gy6poeauxa Aurrrrolrarcr{a upe[rrcxa. Her.rajyfur jacry cll.lxy o cBemy oHoM ll(ro ce
crBapHo AoroArrJro, y Jrvreparypr{ ce, rror{eB oA craprlx gy6poeavHux xpoHrrrrapa
na cBe Ao AaHac, Ir3HocHJra pa3Ha, rrecro onpeqHa MnlrrJberba xoja ce Mory cBecrrr Ha
ABe-rprr eaxuuje rapujanre. flo jeguuma ce xepqet Blarxo (cam luru saje4uo ca
6parou B;ragnc.naeonn), noruro je ,,jyuauxz" 6panuo Honu, no rraAy oBora cKJroHr{o
najnpe y .(y6ponulrx) oAaKJre 6z orHurao Ha ?[Jrerar{Ko 3emJbrrrure (ocrpeo Pa6)12;
rro Ap]Tr{Ma 6u uax upe6erao ,,paBHo y Vrapcxy"l3, a nocroju lr replene ga je
B,rarr<o (z ro rto na,qy ffourlrerra!) uauao upu6e>xnrure y [y6ponHrrKy, sarr{M
6rt :xzseo je4no ,,xparxo BpeMe xog ceoje HehaKe rocuole l4saua Idpnojeezha",
rra rioro.u orlrlrao na Pa6, rAe ycKopo n ymupe.la Hajsag uficar{ ,,Typcxe ucropzie"
Donado daLezze caorrruraBa Harlr Becr, rr ro rroA roArruom l484r ga je cynran rrocJrao
jequor cBor raruy Aa 3aysme Castel nuovo, il qual era del Duca Lareco, l'hebbe
et dette al detto Signor certi - casali per suo vivere sopra le montagni de'Mare-
tani; xepqer 6u, uo EeMy, ycKopo ympo, a cyJ'rraH li tolse tutti li suoi Casali.ls
-
11 flaAa y oqlr Aa je y 4oxymenry ynorpe6n en uspas ,,Chomscha Hemglia", ymecro MHoro
odrruuuizx o6:rlrxa y 4y6poeauxoj .naruncxoj xanqe:rapujra sa raj nojalr Chelmo, terra
de Chelmo. -
12
Jzpeuex, I.Icifropuja Cp6a 12, 397; cpaenra l.r: Klai6, Poztiest Bosne, 342; Truhelka,
Tursko-sloujenski spomenici,lT4;J.PaaonNh,Donado da Lezze u fte?ona,,Historia Turchescha",
loqrrurrrrnqa XXXII, 335; f. Eaesonuh, Typcxu cfroneuuyu I, l, Eeorpag 1940,612-613,
13 B. Popari6, TuEna pooijest Hercegove zemlje,Zagreb 1942, 122.
LE Thall6czy, Studien, 221.
15 Donado daLezze, Historia Turchescha (1300-1510,
ed. I. Ursu, Bucuregti 1910, 185.
l5*
228 Beran Tpnxonuh

tr4s ceera lrrro je rope peqeFro, Kao rrlro ce Bu,qu, relrxo je usnyhu onpelieH
3?,xJl'yq26. Hexu nax noAarlu us .{y6poearrKor apxuBa o ,,xepqery" Bnarxy, us
Bpe\{eHa no naAy Hoeor, Mornv cy Hac BpJro Jrar{o nopa ce nprr3HaTz
cacBrrM. Ha crpaHnyrurly. Beh rpBa Becr c Kpaia - - o,qBecTn
ceuren6pa 1482. Haeogv Hac Ha
norpelrlHe ilperflocraBKe. 1'aga cy ly6poBqaHlr oAnyrrrrnv Ea norxaJT,y xepqery
Bnarxy cherzech Vlatcho rrer xrnJr,apa qpeloBa.l6 C:ru'rne Bpe.qHocru cy LI
-
noAauu -o sapo6:r,aear6y xeprleroBrrx y
- hominum de cherzech
rbyAu
raez (na fle.rreurqy) oA crpaHe yrapcxe rocaAe - Oco6-y
y Koury (na yruhy Heperee)
geqen6py 148417; cenren6pa 1485. Blarxo je ca eojeogon Anrycrnnolr 6opanuo y
,[y6poaHuxytt; pagu npujerra HeKe ocraB[rrvHe) To:!r ilp[nrrKo]\r ,,Illustris et
excelsus dux Sancti Sabbe" rrHLrHo ce rojaBuo y ,uy6poeauxox Horapujary 12. IX
Te roAHHele; ror AaHa je Ma.no nehe o,qrDruuno Aa ce,,xeprlery Blarxy" fioBparr{
,,unam bombardellam de ferro" sa xojy ce yrBpAuno ga je 6una rLeroBa.2o
IIa oorony cBera Harrpeg rrsHeceHor 3aucra ce He 6r{ Motao q3Becrrr Ap}Ta-
ulrju sax.rryvax Hero ga je B:rarxo HacraBv o ca orrropom rr rrocne ry6lrrxa cBor rJraB-
Hor ynopurrrra, u ro HerAe y o6racrn AoE e Heperee.2l Jegzno 6u nesuarny cynin,y
rtorJre r{3a3Barrr ABe rrrrlreHrrqe: nenpHjareJbcKrr craB yrapcxe noca,qe [peMa ,,xep-
qeroBHlt Jt'y.qu,ila" n Brarxoeo ,ApllrrrBo" ca ABrycrqHorn Bnarxoeuhel sa xora
-fypaxa
ce sHa ga je je4Ho Bpelre 71o6po crajao xo4 jegno gpyro
- aru uu rrHaqe,ucKopo 3auecBe
ce r\lopaJlo y3rlrraru cacBl{u o36r.rJbHo. flocre,qnr.r xepuer
6u

Bpeue ceoje n.nagaBuHe, roroBo Kao 11 orarl My, nuje 6no y 6or3Ha xaxo go6pIlnr
oAHocu\",a ca Vrapcxon. C ,qpyre crpaHe uaK, cauo za cnyuajnocrLr Aa cy ce BJrarKo
u ABrycrriH jegrroepe,neHo HarrrJrrz y.[y6poeHuxy cenrer",6pa 1485, se 6u ce \torJro
6zrHo gpyraquie 3axJryrrrrBarrr Hero rrrro je yuzrreno, HaHMe ,r1a je xeprler cKopo
Ao car,le cMprn HacraBrlo Aa ce 6opu nporr{B Ocnan.nnja.
V creaprr, Kao Irrro ce caAa Beh 3Ha, Aplr(arre xepqera B,uarxa upela Typ-
LIII]\ra rrrx roAllrra 6Uno je cacBuN gpyrauuje. Bnarxo,3anpaBo) n nuje eurUe 5uo
,,flpaB!4" xepqer.

3axnanyjyfirl Beorua cpehuoj onorrrlo*" Aa cy ce y,4pxaeiror,r apxuey Mo-

AeHe Haruna ABa rrL4cMa Ly6poeuauzHa Eapa (Eaproloneja) Jlyxapeeuha xoja je
yryrr.ro us Ly6poenuxa xpajem 1481. ca BpJro BDr{Hrrm rllr$opl-,aqzjana o na4y
Hoeorzz, o rrel,1y ce Ha ocHoBy Aocagaulrle rpale HHie Aaro Hr.r Hacnyrr.Irr4 caila
cv,o y crarr,y Aa cKaHeMo Beo z ca 3aroHerxe o cyg6uuz xepqera B.narxa rrocne - rraAa
Hoeor. He ylasehu y cBe AeraJLe xoje Hal{ caonruraBa JlyKapeBuh, rpe6a rrogeyhrl
ga je najeaxHnje rrtro ca3Haie.r.o cIJaKaKo qulbeHnqa ,qa ie xepuen rrpegao Alas-
-rarru KynyHacarroj uopcxoj o6alu xojy je gorne 6pauuo Ir Aa je 13. XI 1481.
16 Cons. rogatorum XXIV, 102.
r7 tr4cro, 282.
18 Cons. rogatorum XXV, 56.
re Div. notariae LXVI, 75'.
20 Cons. minus XXII, 248.
21 Cpannn: Eopoeuh, Xucittopuja Eocue, 6061, I4. Eo>xr.rh, Xeptleeoeauxu cauyax-1ez
Ajas,36opuur <Daroso@cxor $axy-'trera I (Eeorpaq 1948) 74.
22
J. TaAr.rh, Hoee eectuu o 'iiady Xep4eeoaurrc iiod fiypcxy etacut, 36opuux @nloso$-
cxor $axy.rremYI, 2 (Eeorpa;1 1962) l3l-149.
 Xymcxa serrr:r,a t't o

roAr4He,,pasd per paesi nostri ... in Turchia chon tuta lla sua chomitiva".23
Ha ocrony cBera [rro je uanpeg z3Jro)xeHo Hvie reurKo 3axJbytrl\rl.t Aa je xepqer
Bnarxo KaluryJrnpao y Hoeonr noA ycnoBom Aa My ce ycrylu geo repzropuje y
yHyrpaxrrbocrz XepqeroBvHe per suo vivere (xaxo je raqno 6uo o6aeetureH
Donado daLezze). Ca4 je BarbAa - jaqro ga peur4,,in Turchia" us Jlyxapeeuheea
rrucMa ?rory ,qa 3Harre vcro ulro r{ ,,in Chomscha Xemglia". V oeoj uocne,qnoj,
Blarxo je morao ocrarrr ra,qa eeh Kao cacBzm ,,rypcKil " r{oBex, ilJrr{ saApxanajyhz
rpn roM 3Byr{Hy rvrryry- xeprlefa Hajga6e go xpaja 1486, jep neh y $e6pyapy
- cy6auy Cxeugepa in Chomscha Xemglia,
1487. na:rasrrMo, Kao urto ie pelreHo,
in tenutam locorum que tenebat cherzech Vlatchus.
A.nu, ulra 6n saupaeo rpe6ano uogpasymeBarrr rrog oeolt ,,Xymcxo?\{ 3eMJboM" ?
Herge Ha rroqerKy oBe paclpaBe o464ueno je lnuru.merre Aa 6z ,,XymcKa 3etr-
Jba", o xojoj je peq, MorJra o3uaqaBarrr repzropujy xojy je xepqer B-rrarxo .qp)xao
npz xpajy ceoje ueeaeprcHe BJraAaBr.tre. florpeurnno 6u ce rl cafia) mefyrum, axo
6n ce rep4ano Aa ie Bnarxy rro Kalr{ryna4uju y HosoM 6ura ycryurena Xynncxa
3eMJba Xyn * y 3uaqerby xo je je najo6uunuje, u y qilraBoM cBoM rpocrpaucltBy.
To 6u -6wta,3arrcra, ,qocra npocrpaua o6racr ra o6yxnarana 6z 6ap [oJIoBIrHy Ao-
TaAarrer xeprreroBaqKor caHuaKara) aKo He 14 Builre. Typqrr cy, oqurre,qHo) rro-
Ka3anrr rr3BecHy 6rarosaxroHocr nperia xepqery Bnarxy, anr{ Aa cy 6ntu crrpemrul
Ha raKo BeJrr{Kn ycrylax je
- r€IrrKo n uour.rcnnru. .[,a Bnarxo, mefyurnr, unje
.qo6qo npocrpanzjy o6racr, uaj6onu je goxas, MrIcJrI4M) carlia ql4rr'eHulla Aa ra Ha
r6eroBor\{ uoceAy nac:refy je cy6aua Cxengep. Mu, ucruna, He 3HaMo cacBr{\{ rarlHo
Konr{Ky je repzropnjy morao Apx{aru uog ceojoln ylpaBoM je4an rypcxn cy6auta
nog xpaj XV nexa, ant4 14 Lrs ouor turo ce cuarpa Kao v3BecHoza TeurKo 6lr ce mor;ro
nperrocraBuru ila,6u cy6aururyx o6yxearao oHonury :repuropujy KaKBy ie ruor.'ra
,qa 3axBara Xy,ncxa semJr,a. fla u oxomrocr Aa je cy6arua Ann6er, xoju ,,je Hacnv-
jegrao" Cxeugepa, .qpx(ao u Brarxoso rr AnrycruuoBo [oApyr{je xao jegau cy-
6aruruyx, roBopr4na 6lt, ua ceoj uauzn, o BenuqLIHLl a jegne It Apyre o6racru.VIs-
rneAa Kao Aa ie u Donado daLezze 3Hao oAHeKyA.qa BrarKo nirje go6lro eehy repn-
ropnjy, KaA roBoprr, Kao urro je neh HaBeAeHo, caillo o
- certi casali.
Ho, axo nau nuje rro3Hara BeJrr4quHa Brarxoeor ,,cy6aruzryxa" lr ulra je cse
o6yxearao, sa AnrycrznoB noceA caAa 6ap 3Haryr.o, rro rypcKrrm rr3Boprr]1".a, ,qa ce
Hana3[o y ,,Haxrziaua Bpropaq, 6y6yruxz u flpzmop je".25 ffetsaecraK roAfiHa AoIl-
nuje 1500 ro no4pyvje he ce no oeora Brarxoruhy r{3pr{qllro Ha3Barn y
-
je4nou -
AoKyrieHry la Agustinova Chumsca.26
Ma xonuxo, l:e!yrz,u, Aa cy 3aHzM.Jf,rtBa rrrrrarLa o BeJrrrqrrHu n upeqrrsrioj
y6uxaqnjn repzropnje xojy cy Typun xpajeu 148 l ycrynunlr Ha yx(IrBal;e rocneA-
rteu xepqery, 3a r{croprrqapa je og 4arexo Behe Ba}r(Hocrrr Aa pa3Alorpt{ Ipyrl4
jegan upo6ne,u xoju ce nac.nyhyje u3a cBera rora. Haurvle, He camo ,qa ,,Chomscha
Xemglia" nufe osHauaBana Hrr rpaA Hoerr ca oxonr{Ho:vt, HIr 6u,nehxe Pygune,
un ,[ome B.naxe, nero uehe 6urz ucroeerHa- rlrro sauyfyje ca]\tou xy\t-
- Hu ca
crcon o6lauhy (ysero.n y qenrtru) I ,[a nuje raKo) 3ap 6n gy6ponavnv trucap yno-

23 tr4cro, 134, 144.

Sabanovid, Bosanski paialuh, 112-1 13.
25
llcro, 190.
t6 ,lleiiioiiuc {ioiia lyxnauuua, ed. @. llluuruh, Beorpa4-3arpe6 1928, 155, uan. 182.
230 Be.tan Tpnroeuh

rpe6qo crunz3ar{uiy, y KoHKpErHotr cnyqaiy Koir je HaBeAeH

Xemglia - in Chomscha
oqrrrne4Ho rroApa3yueeajyhz Herrrro crporo orpaHuqeHo, r4 y ny6-
poBHLrKy -
Ao6po ro3nary repuropujy.

Hajcraplrjrr rro3Harrr r.r3Bopz sa Xymcxy 3emJby, camo sa 3a-

xyMJbe. "" "lur,-- rroJroBrrua X eexa Behapxonruja
flo Koncranrzny llopSzporeHrrry 3a-
xyMJr,aHa npocrrrpana ce og .[y6poBHrrKa no peKe Heperee. 04 ner - ,,HacTar6eHux('
rpaAoBa ,>1r 3€r"J6r{ 3axynmasa'< ev c6 Xorpiqr rdlv Za7),o,5p.cov zgeurlr$zxo-
BarrLr -
cy (cacerr.lt rz:tu 6ap nplo npu6;uoxHo) -
Crou, 3arzn ceBeporrcror{Ho o,q Ir,era
Oulme, /{a6ap u Moxpo (y Mocrapcxon Enary, 3araAHo og Heperee), a sa rpa,4
lany,naznux He Molr(e ce yrBpAr.rrlr rAe ce rarrHo HaJrasrro.2T I{ap-nr4carl Hac, rrope,q
Apyror, o64eerrrrana Aa ce y onoj selrru HaJra3r{ rr ,,BeJrr{r{o 6p4o na Kotne cy ,fBa
rPaA4 Eona u Xym, v Aa L:s4 ror 6pga npoJra3v peKa Ha3BaHa Eona" Sner,Ei iv
tQ toror5rqo Topiqo pouv6i iorw Vt^pq, dlov &vo$ev aricoi) 8r5o xd,otpcc, - :b Blrvor
xoci rb X).o0p.28 OHo y6nxaqtrje ona ,qBa nocJreArla rpaAa u Xyma
MlrruJrerba HayqHr.ura AeJroM ce pa3rrJra3e usmefy rBpArte ,qa - cyEone
ro no ,,cBoj
-npunfiqn" ABa l{]\ieHa ,,ga ieAaH Izcru rpa,q" goqnujrl Elarajze, IiJrrr rraK Aa cy
-
crBapHo nocrojana ABa pa3n[qr4ra rpaAa: Eona-Fnaraj z Xyn3o, rrrro 6n 6rr.110
[prrxBarJruBuy'e c o6supom Ha rrr{rbeuuuy Aa je, zaxo MHoro goqurrje, sajel:,uena
,,er3r{creHquja" rpaga ro,q IameHolr oBor rrocJregrner. flop$uporeHr{r nam gaje
car",rojoUI je4au nogaraK o BenHqvHIr SaXyMJr,a) HarrMe Aa ce oHo ,,nJraHHHcxoM
crpaHoin" ca ceBepa rpaHrrquJro Xpearrrma, a ,,cnpega" ca Cp6ujom.31
Oxo gee crorvHe roArrHa gorlnzje XII BeKa ilort .U,yx.'barniu
- [oJroBnHon
he y ceou Aeny y[orpe6uru uasus,,Chelmania" 3a oey o6nacr, a-caqrrbaBaire c1' je
c;re4ehe >xynauuje": Crou, ffonoeo, X{ancxa, Jlyxa, Vellica, Gorimita, Vece-
nike, fly6paea n fl,a6ap.32 Vrucax xoju ce crzr{e yrropelenem flop@uporeHrrroBux
rro,qaraxa ca oBr{Ma rona flyxrbarrrrHa unax je 6nrso gpyravzjr.r oA oHor xoju je
creirerr cai\'Io Ha ocHoBy npBof, s6or rora, HapaBHo, urro je oqrrrJreAHo HarJraure-
uuje ,,npucycreo" Chelmani-e Ha gecnoj o6a;ru HeperBe - qurteHnrla oA Be.rruxor
3Harraja, Kao rrlro he ce eugeru u3 Aaner rr3narar6a * 6es o6szpa Ha ro xaxo rpe6a
ry,\'raql.rrlI pevv: Vellica V Gorimita.s3 3a Jlyxy ce Lr rrHarre curypHo 3Ha Aa ce y
goqnrrjum BeKoBriMa rrpocrr{pana sa o6e crpaHe ,qolbe HeperBe, A 14 3a )(yny Be-
je yrepleHo Aa ce cBa npore-
ueprrh
- uo .flyxraHr{Hy Vecenike - Hecy]lirbrreo
saJ.ra 3ana.qHo oA Te pene3a, uaKo ce,6es uxaxea pa3Jrora, cyxrrba y ro.35
27 Busauftucttu u36opu za ucutopujy uapoda Jyzoc,raettje II, ed. ts. (Depjarruuh_, 6eorpa;1
19s9, 59-61 .
28 Constantine Porphyrogenitus, De administrando irnperio, ed. Gy. Moravcsik R. J.
H. Jenkins, Iludapest 1949, c. 33. BusautTrtrcxu useopu II,60. -
2e
Jupeuex, ITcutopuja Cp6a 12, 66.
30 M. 3e.u:te xel)Lleza csefrtoza Caee, ltac CKA CLXXXII (Eeorpal
.I{,nnlih, 1940)
2t5-216.
3r De administrando intperio,
c. 30 : :rpdq 8d cd. dper,vd eic, iipxrr,v p.Lv r).'qo,"&-1e,. ;,,i.i
Xp<opcirorq, eig xega),iv 8i cfr lepBiiq. Cp. BusautrtucKu u3sopu II,34. I{uaue, xao uro je
no3Haro, rlap-nvcarl 3axyiu-'r,aue y6paia neby cprrcxa nJremeHa.
32 nefrioiiuc tlotla
/tyxnauuua, 327.
33 I,Icro, 452; Bopoeuh , Xucilopuja Eocue , ll8.
3a
flunrah, 3e.une xepqe2l, 184-188.
sb G.opoeuh, Xucutopuja Bocue, 118.
 Xyucxa sen:la 23t
r'
3anun.rruso je uparuru nocreneHo HecraiaEe rrMeHa ,,3axyittJ6e". .fiyxlraHun
he ra yUOrpe6nru CamO jegUO1n.36 KaO ,,3aXllz.l.te" lnarrl3l'rl\lo fa u y HeKLIn'l UO-
BeJ6aMa cplcKrlx Bna.qapa, flpeonenvanor u CIIHOBa my Bla4ncJlaBa I4 vpoula3T'
a iegaunyr u y je,qHou 6lurxe HeAarr{paHorll 3arlucy rrs BpetlteHa Cre0aua .Il,euau-
cKor.38 'Io 6u 6uo, KaI{o rr3rJleAa, Ir uocJreArblr tlomeH ,,BaxymJba" y jegHoryt caBpe-
MeHoM rr3Bopy. Mnoro AOIIHuie, uauhu he ce na uo xoirz 3a[uc ca norteHom ,'3a-
xynJba", ann-qecto ca HeAoBoJbHo iacHurlr uJIu norrlyHo rlocyBpaheHllrrr npeA-
craBaga o ILeroBoM npaBog 3HarIeI6y IIAeHTHSI'rKyjyhlr ra ca XepIIeroBlIHoM,
I{pnon fopont, flaurrpoerrhu111a.3e 3a typcxe BJIaAaBI{He' Ayro BpeMeHa he HeKe
rrpaBocJraBHe rrpKBerre crapeurrrHe y Xepqeronunrr (ntnr nojeAuHul'l rbeHl{r!1 Ae-
[' .nonuma) Hocrlrrr y cBojoi Trrrynu LI HasI{B ,,3axyr!IcKl4('40, ga 6u Il Aal{ac y Ha3IiBy
upaBoCJraBHe ,,EuapXnje 3aXyncxo-XeplleroBaqKe" upaCrapu rroKpaiuHcKn Ha3HB
,,3axynJbe" HaIIrao cBoie uocreArbe yrorrnrlre.
Tepiuun ,,3axymJbe" ce 6e3 cBaKe cyull,e, MebyruM' I]oqeo ga ry6n 3HarHo
pauuje oA XfV BeKa. 3a ro IIaM je uaj6ol,n AoKa3 noII ,[yx.rnauull. 'fo nrro he
ce ,,3aXyMJ6e" uahu xojn u1"r y I.ISBopII[ta XIII Bexa i\lox(e ce cxBarurn ca]llo
xao yuoipe6a ro uHepl{Hjn; raxo he ra ynorpe6rsaearz rz naIIcKa xaurlelapt'ria,
froqeB og 6yne uaue 3axapuja743. roAIIHe yKoJIvKo unje Salcurpu4oBaHa
- -
rra cBe Ao l252.ar
flpeu nyr o6nuK ,,Xyncxa SeMJba" rraJra3rrMo y cKopo o6ian.rrenom rr Beh
Beolra Iro3Haroill yroBopy Cre$aua Hemame ca Cr1IuhaH oxo l190-1195.
roAIrHe y Korle u1i1 AO3BOLaBa X\eby ocTaJII4M ,,Aa cu rt3Jla3e cBo6oAHo y Mojy
rr crrHa -Mu PacrKa y Xyncxy seMJLy(' (Humschu zemgliu).42 ,,Xymcxy 3eMJly'(
rroHoBo Haira3rrmo y rirrrr4rynauuju CreSaHa flpBoBeHrranor EoropoAuqlruolt rra-
r{acrup-V na M*,ery43; 4. II 1234. nporepaHll cpncKII KpaJI' Pagocnan o6ehanao
ie .[y6poeuaHupa ,,rdKogr dxg ,'ttl.t Eorl 4a il BYAY rgcltgAdgh KdKg chd.h Bhl,lh" c-[o-
6gqy tp"O""He ,,n0 Bctl.t 3tlil,1n 0B/tdCTH KgddtahC'rrd ,llt.l CB0B0AN0, H n0 Xan,urCqt

36Gopoenh je cano IIa ocHoBy ror jeguoUeADHor noMeHa rlsreo cacButr'l norperrall
saxJayqax !a ,,,Uyt ;oa""tt 3Ha u 3a Xylvr (Chelmania regio) u sa 3axyrurse", uaxo he caM y AaJLeM
rexcry pehtr 4ate 3axyn:le y.[yxrsaunnoBy AeJry,,rroMltrbe caMo Hao en[cl{orcxa ;1rer1esa";
je4an ,,anruxeapnu" (u sa .flyxrauuna!) cnonen, Aax:rel
s7 3axorrcxu cilo,ueuuqu cp[icKux dputaea cpedneeaeexa, ed. C.Ijoraxolnh, Eeorpa,q 1912,
138, 386, s7l,602.
s8 Ctilapu cpfrcxu sa[iucu u uaanfitr'cu I, ed. Jb. Ctojaqoeuh, Eeorpag 1902' 25.
3e I{cro, lg5 (1561): rir nge4rlr, /ildK]€AONHCKHXbT\i 3flil,rE EocHr, iv G(t-
^rrcr.l 156.
gdrBd iirqhc'rBo N4ur 3axa,uia 30Bo,u X€pqrroBl.'lNd! cpanun: lrcro, 395; Y, 62;YI'
gax u Op6unu he sa 3axynne Hanrrcarr4: Zaculmie da Slaui detto Zahliunie (!), d frA Albania,
etChelmo. M. Orbini, II regno de gli Slaz:i, Pesaro 1601 , 350.
ao Ctrtapu cp[icrut ruuucu u uatil[iucu I r'r II, passim'

^r Acta et diplornata res Albaniae ,nediae aetatis illustrantia,

ed. L. Thail6czy, C'
Jiredek, E. Sufflay, i, Vindobonae 1913, 11nA.;,,3axym.rse" u y rioxpynrrcxlIm $arcu$ur{arrllra
(.llefroiiuc uofua fiyxnauuua, 789 u a.). VyAnogaro je, ufraK, Aa ce jcur y aqrlMa upKBeHoI
ia6opa y Cn:rury ia up.r*. Tolrp1cnaBa nana o6paha 3axyMcgoy xuesy Muxanny Buueeuhy
xao d:uci Chulmorwn! (Docurnenla, ed. F. Radki, Zagrabiae 1877, i89; cp.
-excellentissimo
liopoenh, Xucruopuj a Eocne, 142).
a, M. ,[unuh, Tpu [ioeene ue uciluca trIeaua Jlyuuha, 36opnux @rr:rosc$cxor $ar<y.rir:era
III (Eeorpag 1955) 69, ?7; y yronopy Henarre ca ,I[,y6poeHuxo:rr 27. IX 1186: Chelmunia
(3axoucxu cuonernqu, 733).
ar 3axoucKu cilo,ueuuqu, 586.
 232 Be;sau Tpnxonuh

seilAu u n0 3rrt".44 Oxo 1253. KpaJB ypou je norepgzo uoceAe Boropo4nuuuoj

rlpr(Br{ Ha Crouy, nopeA ocraJlor u ,,0y X'nhfilc* 3tal',tu", a raKo je crrypno
craja:ro u y upeo6r.rruoj uoneru; rrHaqe) AoK [o]\reHyru KpaJb ce6e y uHrlrry-
naguju Ha3rrBa ,,c.1/l0Aghfl{hqrt t'ce cptntcKhrr{ 3fdtr.lE H no4-loghtKhtHtt H x,thrl.tcKHE",
Ilornucao ce Ha xpajy [oBeJbe xao ,,Kp4dh cp'ncrtxt 3fd.tdh l.t noalop'crrrxr, u Saxar-
altji".45 tr{craxuyru enerlleHTrr one VpoueBe rroBeJBe) Kao ruro ce BrrArr, lrory
I. [ocnyxplTr{ Iz Kao cjajaH goxa3 3a l4AeHTrlunocr uojl.roe4 ,,Xy,l.cxa seMJba" l,r
1 r,3axYllre".
' mzrraheJotu upn xpajy cpncKe BnaAaBrrHeyXy,ncxoj 3emJbu- 1318-1319-cno-
ce Aoxoqu ,,x,rh.r.lhcKltt sefirtt".46 Ka,qa tu xpajenu camo xojy ro.4rrHy ,qoq-
uvje, 1326, 6y4y nperu.nu y 6ocancxe pyxe, rrrryna 6ocancxlrx BrraAapa, uorreB
og 6ana Crjenaua II Korpolraurrha ua cBe Ao ry6rlrHa He3aBrrcHocru, 6uhe o6o-
raheHa u ,,Xy,ncxonr 3eMJbcM" Kao cacraBHrM ,qeJrou. tr:t y rpalrr !,y6ponauxor
apxl{Ba Ha JrarzHcKom H nranrljancxolr jeanxy o6,rux ,,Xy,ncxa 3emr,a"
de Cirelmoa? ce ynorpe6naea. Alz, y roj rpafn, a 14 ApyrAe, - terra
cpe-
heno ce Aocra-uajueruhe
qecro rr ca vrlteHr.rma Chelmum i Chelmo, nrro 6z y laruHcxoj o4u.
rzrannjancxoj rpaHcxpuuqujz ogroeapano Hatuem o6nzxy ,;XyM". To je uuax go-
BoJbaH .qoxas ,qa ce Ha repeHy y sanefy oHoBpemeHor .{y6ponurxa o6.rrnx ,,Xy*"
yuorpe6naeao y Hapo,qy; upaBlr Lt,,3Baur{rraH" HaguB o6nacru, Kao turo ce ro-
Ka3aJro, 6uo je urax ,,Xymcxa 3emJba".
Ocraje, .uefyrum, rajua canre uojaee Hasr{Ba ,,Xy,ucxa 3emJba". Ilnrame
ce y xpajnoj sr,z^unju cBoAz Ha oBo: I\a rv je sa epeme Aox je jour $yHxquo-
IrIICaJra 3axyrv,cKa Ap)r(aBa uocroja.na y rbeHoM oxBrrpy o6;racr Xpncxa 3eMJba
unu uuje. .[oqnuje a3Jratar6e Mo]r(,qa he uor<agaru ,qa rrMa r.r3BecHltx uttl.ut\uja
sa [orBpAaH ogroeop.as
.[ox o rroqeqvma yuorpe6e r4MeHa ,,Xylrcxa 3eMJba" roroBo Hrrlrrra crrrypHo
Hr{cuo y mory'h.uocrr{ Aa Ka}r(emo, ry6.rrene ror repMHHa cacBrrm uann je rro3Haro;
rr,era he oA uonoBlrHe XV sexa rroqerll ga norzcrcyje HoBo r{Me 3a Ap)rcaBy Crie-
naua Byxunha - XepqeroBrrHa. .flo.nasax Typaxa joru nzrue je y6psao rai [poqec
na he ce uasue ,,Xy,lrcKa semJba" 3a Kparxo Bpeme cacBrrm rrsry6lrrn ns yuorpe6e.as

o6yxearajyhn ua jyry o6arcxu .rolu" oo yruha HeperBe rra ,qo Pziexe xo.q
ca roJryocrpBom fle,'reurqonn 3axymre (u 4oqnuja Xymcxa
,fly6ponnuxa
- crapo
semma) AaJbe -Ha rrcroK Lr ceBeporrcroK [pocrr{paJro ce cBe Ao [peAena o6racru Tpa-
nynzje (Tpe6lrma). lpauurla rraK oBe nocJreArLe o6nacru ,,ca cjeBepa je r.iluna o4
44 Monwnenta serbica, ed. Fr. Miklosich, Viennae 1858, 19.
a5 3axoucrcu ciioneuuqu, 600-602.
a6 I{cro, 597; jour15. X 1345 ,,Chilminia" yrnryr,rt xpasa ,{yuraua (Listine Il, ed.
S. Ljubii, Zagreb 1870, 278).
a7 Y goxymenruma yrapcr{or [opexJra: Calumfelde,
Halomfedld.
a8 ,,Chelmska ziemia" z y flo:rcroj (J. Dlugosz, Roczniki czyli kroniki slawnego
kr\lesna
polshiego I-II, Warszawa 1961, 127 u t,.); sa oeaj rroAaraK gyryjem saxBarruocr Mzlonry
Enarojeer.rhy, acrrcreuTy I4cropujcxor fiHcrr,rryra y Feorpa4y,
ae 3arrumlrngo je xcrahu
Aa HeKaKo y rrcro Bpeue xag u Xy:lrcxa 3eM*,a roqt,trr]e ga uecraje
us yuorpe6e il rra3t4B 3era y cyceAcrBy; crrMy,'rraua je, usrre,qa, 6una u nojaea rnx Ha3uBa
(npe nononurre XII nexa, jep ux o6a Harra3trMo y Jleronncy nona,{yxrsanuua).
i

I
I
I

Xymcxa semra 233

l,-

.fiy6poeuuHa rpeKo r43Bopa Oivr.6ne . .. Ha 6pAa Ha ]llopcxoi olaulu vr oAarJre (ueruro

cjeeepuuje oA cerra 3auyne) rpexo flouosa ua usmefy Jby6o,uupa n Jby6nwa rpaBo
xa laqxy".5o C,ruquo je z Op6zur{ rBp.qno Aa rpaurlr{a ,,tra Chelmo, et Zenta(!)
e la Cittir di Rausa; et poi I'd vni Croce fatta in vna pietra grande in Ombla sopra
Prieuor; et C vn luogo appreso il fiume di Trebine, detto Honcilas, lir doue d
vna gran pietra con il segno; et poi vir verso Rudine, et in Gazca, et fin'h Suti-
escha. Da leuante riman Rassia, ch'd la gente di Trebine, Rudine, et Gazca. Da
ponente resta la ragione di Chelmo, ciod Popovo, Lubine, Gliubomir, Vetniza,
et Neuesigne".sl flortoBo y Xyncxoj sev.mz HaJrasrruo seh xoA lyxranrrua, a
jby6onvp u (Datruqy ou y6paja y Tpaeynujy; nu Pyguue u laqxo Hrrcy Hr{KaA
y6pajane y Xy,ncxy 3emr6y. V yroeopy zsnely qapa ypoua n /ly6poeuzxa og 19. V
1357. oeaxo cy uopefane,,contrate, que accipere debent de sale comerchi com-
munis": ,Il,pauenurla, Kouaeru, Tpe6r.rne, Bpm, Pygrrue, Xy,ncxa 3erlrJba, Eocna.52
1319. sa6parreno je cBEMa u3,,r{I{raBor KHelrrBa Xy,ua" de toto cornitatu
Colini(!) [paueezqe, Tpe6zma, Bpm.a, Kouaeara lr Pygnna, - ,qa nrauxajy
-
.I[y6poeuane.53 .[a ce xpai oxo laqxa nlrje pauynao y xy]llcKy repzropujy BzAu ce
u Lr3rrsnararr,a apxvenvcxona .flauuna o cyxo6y KpaJra Vpoura u crrHa Iuy fl,pary-
TuHa ,,Bh 3[/1dH 9€Ko/t.ltu laqro" ]r oAnacKy IIpBofa ,,e r Htxoropoyro 3Elilnrc (gexo,tloy
xih,r{hcK0yr,0 srlfl/n)'(64 .* oqurneArro, AaKJre, Aeojehlf jegno og Apyrora.

Hehe, asr;retra,6v'tr4Teluxo, 6ap nprl6rnx(Ho, oApeAl{rrr HIr 3a[aAHe rr ceBe-

po3a[aAHe xyircKe rpaHvr]e. Beh y epeue flop$uporeul{ra, Kao urro je Hano-neHyro,
y cacraB 3axymn,a Mopao ie yrrasuru a jegau Aeo repuropuje sanagHo og Heperee'
,Il,yx.rrauuuosa Chelmania- u ro je nauolreHyro je 3HarHo eeha Ha roj
crpaHu. Ono runpen e rcpnropuje Ha 3araA rr rrpov.eHa - 6nnaI{MeHa gorafaja xof a
6u morxAa rpe6ano AoBecrl.r y HeKy melyco6uy Be3y - ABa
no ceoj rrpvnl4lrLr cy rraK'
-
u jegHo rr Apyro, Mop€urrr 6urn noeesaHr{ ca ,,paqryparbetrr(( Heper.rancxe o6nacrn
y He[ocpeAHotr cyce.qcrBy. Cey nosagrrHy rrlx [polleHa I4 rlo.r1epal6a Mrr, Ha x(aJrocT,
Molr(Aa nehelio HrrKaAa Ao3uarr{, anu crojlr rrrirr,eur\rla Aa ce HepetJbaHcKa o6lact,
xao noce6as ApxaBHrr lrHAnBrrAyarrzrer (nocne 1000. roAnHe r{Jrlr Hel[ro goqnuje),
Brrlue He [o]\'.rrrbe; ysnuajyhz y o6szp qr{H,eHr{qy, ru.efyrum, ,4a je roxom BeKoBa
Aoruno ,qo ,,xyul{3uparba" qax Ll lr3BecHrlx uajucrouruljux fipeAena Xpearcxe -
o rrey.y he joru 6ura roeopa JraKo ce Molr(e rrper[ocraBltrrr .qa cy 6aur Xyxl,arin
6u-rru rraeHr{ KpuBrrr4
-
rI 3a npolacr Heperl'aucxe o6.nactu.55
50 K.
Jupevex, Tpzoeaurcu iiyiheeu u pydHuyu CpSuje u Eoute y Cpednen eujexy, 36opuuu
Koncrastnua Jupeuexa I, Eeorpa4 1959,232.
5r Orbini, 393; sa JFy6onnzp cpaBHL{ u crp. 249.
52 Monumenta Ragusina II, ed. F. Radki, Zagrabiae 1882, 184.
53 Cfroneuuvu cpilcxuII, ed. M. Ilyunh, BeorpaA 1862, 155.
5a Apxr.renucxon
,[anlrno, )Kueoiiu Kpalbesa u apxueuucKo[ia cpticKux, ed, R. ,[anaqnh,
3arpe6 1866, l8-19.
55 Caceunr je gpyrauzje o oBome MucrI,ro llluuIuh; uo lrleMy je ,doila u dr|.aanu
- Hraatske
a)last htilatskoga kralja Neretljanska oblast i ostade otada d,alje kao sastaztni dio (regnum
Crrral iaer kroz saa stoljeta (xyprue y opHrdHany). F. Si3ic, Pouijest Hrtata u arijerne na-
rodnih ztladard, Zagreb 1925,483. Cp. u ue,rararle M. FapaAe o Heper,'baHcRI{M KpaJ}'eBIrMa
Eepurojy (us 1050) u C,raeqy, c xpaja XI eexa (Dinastiiko pitanje u Hroatskoj XI stoljeCa,
234 Be:lau Tpnroeuh

flpelra noAarlrrr\a lrs goqnrzjux Bpe^reHa vsrasvr cacBrrlr jacHo ga je uexagauna

rreperJbaHcKa rxynauuja ,Il,alen, uo ceoj ilpllJrL1qu y,qoJrrrHrl Tpeonrxara, IlorflyHo
acumrrJroBaHa og XynraHa, a cJrlrrrHa je cyg6uua cHauIJIa cutypHo rr cyceAHy 111y-
nauujy Pacroqa, xog Bpropqa LtJrvr 6ap je,qaH rr,eu Aeo. I4ma, melyrzr\r, noAaraKa
rls xojux ce BvAr{ ga je n o6alcxu no;'ac usnelly Aorbe Heperee r{ Aorr,e I{erlrne -
goquuja Kpajnna - He camo flonrrrzrrxrr ynasilo y cacraB Xymcxe 3errJr,e Hero ce
u cr\[arpao oA caBpeilieHr{Ka 3a ,,xyrwcr{y" repnropujy. floneuyra Kpajuna, crporo
y3eBilrr{, Huje ce HIl rlrorJra [pocrlrparr{ 6aru go caMe Aorr,e Heperne, jep je ur.mae
xpaj oxo yurha oBe rocJreArr,e caqvrtaBao xyny Jlyxy - ,,Jlyxa xcyna c o6n crpanu
Heperee" xojy he ce uax l465.uspuunro pehtr 8 ,r8qn 8 x8,ficKorl se/$AH56,
a nao raxBy,- saxyucKy, Brr,qenn cnro, parryuao je oey xyny jour fi,yxrranzn! Ha
rpa4 Hoeu - Novi in Luca cBaKaKo ce oAHoce pequ y jeguon MJrerarrKorl axry
rr3 Jrera 1349, y r{orre ce Ka}r{e -Aa je 6ocaucxu 6an og:ryurro construi facere quendam
locum sive fortalicium in quadam contrata, que vocatur Cheml (Chelm) ad ma-
rinclm.51 X sa cyce4uu rr Helrrro sauaguujlr lpaAarl (nexa4arurru Jfanuan), pehu
he ce ga je npunagao Xyncxoj 3emJbu. 14. VIII 1397,pagu ropaBHarba oxo jegne
KpBHrrHe, r\rneraqxrr uoAaHvrlIr ca Bpaua A jenas KaHoHrlK zs Cnrrira rpe6alo je
Aa r{Ay ad terram Chaulme ad praesentiam supani Miroslavi Bogdanich de Lap-
zane.58 IIa n nogarax o Anrycutroeoj ,,Xy,rncxoj", xojrr je eeh naee4eu, rvrorao
6u uocnyrxuru Kao Aor{a3 3a o[Jy rrpunr{Ky, yronr.Ixo npe lrrro ce qr{Hrr ,,ga je cpe-
Arrlubu npegjen re eojeoguue 6uo y lopn em Maxapcxoln flpumopjy ca cpeAulurem
y IpaArIy".ue AaHaulu,e X{ueorouhe usme$y rroi\reHyror lpaAqa u .N{aHapcxe
Kao urto je rro3Haro, [pr4naAano je, -sa erage Cre$aua flpnonerruanor rr Kpar.ba
-Vporua, npaBocnaBHoj xymcHoj euucxonnjr.r ca ceArrrurem y CroHy oy X'au,uncqt
3ea'tu ... Gao }Kilsorourr oy ,lopr'cqt xpau.60 14,uajsag, no je4uoj - Becru Hrr cana
Maxapcxa ne 6n rpe6a.no /Ia ce Hana3rz BaH xyMcKlrx oKBHpa. CpegreHom 1447,
Harrue, HarryJr,cxo-aparoHcKrr xpa;r An$onc V rxuBo ce 3ay3umao sa 6ocancxor

Vjesnik za arheologiju u historiju dalmatinsku L,1932, 175 v x.). Cp. u crygujy N. Klai6,
Problem Slaaca i Neretljanske Krajine, Zgodovinski dasopis XIV (1960) 96-136, y xoioj
ayrop 3acryna AoAyrue opurnHaJrHa (n cne:ra) ailrl v rerrrr{o npuxBar,rr,uBa r\rulr.rber6a: o
ueperrsaucxoi ,,,qprxanz" rrJru ,,KHelrieBur^u" tt- noc,re XI BeKa, ,,o plemenu Kadi6a, koje je
doista samostalno vladalo neretljanskon drZavom", unju, nax, pa3Brrrax (neper:r,aHcr<e 4p;xaee)
,,moZemo pratiti gotolo kroz pet stolie6a", u xoia,,nije samo otodka drZava", uero je saxBara.ra
u,,izduleni pojas kopna od Zrnovnice do Nererz'e, sa glavnim srediStem u Omi5u" u, uajsag,
ga je raxna Heper.rbaHcria ,,xuex<enuHa" yJra3r,rna y oriBrrp ,,zemalja 5to su ih uspjeli Arpa-
dovi6i sakupiti pod svo;'om vla56u". HeocnoeaHa je cymma H. Kranh Aa ce ,,neretljanska
kneZevina" Molxe c^rarparu ,,joi u prvoi polovici XIII st. srpskom?" (crp. 134, uan. 91). IIo
oHorlre [ITo cr4rypHo sr{a]!ro Kpajuna jc qe:ra, uru 6ap Betrnxr cBoium AcnoM, y npeo) nolo-
nHnu XIII BeHa yna3rrxa y- cacraB cpncxe rpx{aBe; Apyro u ,qpyrocreneHo je rrlrarr-ei
-
HapaBuo, KonHHo je raulro ruor,ra norpaiarfi cprrcxa Bracr -y rome xpajy. ,rb. Kapaltan, nar,
rnprn ,,da je neretljanski krai joi prije izumr6a hrvatskih narodnih vladara bio uSao u sklop
hrvatrke drZave". O nekint pitanjima hruatske poaijesti do XIII sr., Historijski zbornik XV
11962 268. ]'ocra,ro,,tr, xpai cneta oHor uITo je pcueuo y oeoj pacnpanu, rpe6a unax noJ,-
eyhu qa 6lr jegHa rrcrlpnHa xpurnrrra aHaJru3a rope rrcrarrryrux npo6;rena Hec-vMIbI4Bo Ao-
nprrriena 6o:r,em car:regaRarby He caMo ll'ux Hero fi rpyurx y Beslr ca I6rIMa.
uo Cp. M. ,[uuuh, Tpe lpujeaa u ot{oiuHa y cpedrueu sery,lonuuJrr,uqa XLVII (1938) 110.
5'I.istine III, 143.
58 Listine V, 353.
5e CpaeHn uan, 25 u 26.
60 3ax. cuo,neHurlu 595, 600.
 Xymcxa sem:la 352

$pameBua Aa Ao6zje erl{cKorcKy croJrlrqy y MaKapcKoi - ad episcopatum

Mugarensem de territorio Hulminis.6l
Cnrr.rHa rneArrrura l<ao oBa Koia ce oBAe 3acr)majy 6pauuo je y cnoje Bpeme
z Jlyunh (Lucius): Ma, distrutti questi (Heper.nauu), d probabile che, come
deducesi dal Diocleate, abbia presso (Kpajzua) il nome dalla prossima provincia
di Zaculmia, o Culmia. V Aanem reKcry je jou ogpeleuuju: Se ts poi cosa certa
che la Chulmia, provincia marittima, era tra i fiumi Cettina e Narenta, rzlu:
Vedremo invece che tutto il litorale, dall'Arcidiacono chiamato Craina, assieme
alle isole rricine, era compreso nella Culmia.62 [a je Xymcxa 3emrba 3axBaraJ'ra cBe
Io pexe Iferune, vsprrtlldro rBpAe rr Op6znz63 u .Ilyxapeenh.6a Ha calnoj I{erunu,
vnu ry uerge 6nusy, y ie.qHorr Aylr(erl Bper,{eHcxom repuoAy - oA Kpaia XII
BeKa ua no cItprII KpaJba MUlytnna (1321) - HaJIa3EJIa ce, IloBpei\reuo, u rpaHI{IIa
Cp6uje, a;ru je r43 pa3yiuJr,rrBr{x pa3xora AaHac retuxo pehu KaA Ir y KoJrIrKtlM Bpe-
65
.r\IeHcHI4tr{ pasliaqrzma.
I{r'la, rielyrulr, rroAaraxa xoiu yrpaBo cynporHo ,4or<asyjy. Eocaucxu xpa.m
Ocroja, rra rrplluep, AapoBahe 1417. 6pahu Byxautuny, Eapauy u Typfy Byx-
.uhu.'rla ceira y Kpajnun: Maxapcxy, Upnyhy, flacuuuHy, Mruryruy z Jlan'ran,
c ruM .qa ne 6y,4y no,4 Xyrt.naHlrrla che non sia sopra di loro superior nisun
de quelli de Cumgliane66; KpajzHa -ie, 3Haqu, IlrIaK HeIrIro Apyro Hero repl{ro-
puja ,,Xyn.n aHa". 'I'o ce, lrefy'ruu, jorrl ovenurnuie sanoxa y je,qHo;la gy6ponauxox
lr4cMy o1,24. I1439. rAe ce jacro uensajajy 6yau us Xy,licxe 3ellrbe oA SHIIX 113
KpajwHe li homini de Humia e de Crayna.az f{a je Kpajuua rpe,qqraB-rbaJra
-
Heurro noce6so y o.qHocy Ha Apyre xyrrcxe o6:racr:n llox(e ce 3aKJLyqI{Barrl u Ha
ocHoBy u3BecFlrrx IrpLreulerzja xoje he ioj upusHarll MneqaHlr r<aAa 6ygy rrpu-
6r Thail6czy, Studien, 374; HoeaxoBuh ie, nax, caMo Ha ocHoBy r{uEeHr{qe Aa ce
Maxapcxa HaJla3r4Jra y BJracrrr B:rarxoeuha, sax,'I'yql{Bao ,,ga ce flop$r.rporeHuroBa Ilorauuia
cieAuurua c XyncI<on g3u:lom" (Cpacxe o6'tacfru, 52, uan' 2).
62 Storia del Regno di Dalmaziae diCroaziadi Giovanni LucioTraguriense, Iibri sei, ed.
L. C. Pavissich, Trieste 1896,409 (Lib. IV, Cap. IV); seoma ie ugrepecaHrgo I{ nuralr'e -
xoie Jlyuuh cal{o y3rper go4upyje npfinaAHocrr.r j5rxnogalnaruHcxlrx ocrpRa cyce.qHlln
no,rrrrrrrqxuM jegunuqana Ha KonHy, aJru- oHo 3axreBa noce6rry, u reMeir'Hy, o5pagy (cp. o rolte:
F. Radki, Hrztatsha prije XII z,tieka,RadJAZU LVI (1881) 88-89; Jnpevex, Tpeoeauxu iiyfreeu'
239-240. Jle{uouuc ioila ,fu,x.rauttua,25l u n.; Bttsatru-tucKu u3lo|u II, 65, uan. 240-245).
63 Orbini, 396.
G. Luccari, Copioso ristretto de gli annali di Ragusa, Venetia 1605, 14.
6a
65 Ty cxopo cMo ca3rraJru ga je jyna 1237, cpncxn r<pa.ll' B:raquc.rraB Ha pequ IJerunu
na Cetinije na seiilu u Kouacichih crironrlo yroBop o npujarercray ca Cn:ruhanlrma (,[nuuh,-
Tpu iloeene , '7 I u a.). Ty uergc -an der Grenze Zachlumiens, no pequlla Jupeuexa (Geschichte
dir Serben', Gotha.lgll, 343) -- cacrajao 6u ce, utu 6ap je4non cac:rao (M. !.ntwh, Corues
Constantinus, 36opnux pa{oBa BusaHro.,rourxor uHcTltryTa VII, 1961, 7), i<pa:r MunyrHn
flaero:r fuy6nhe,m. Ao llerlure je, no ceoi nprinllull. Jonupana r.r rtpart<orpajila
ca 6agom BJracr
Fpanunojeruta (orbini, 391; cp. llcropucxu rlacrruK 3-4, 1960,82-84), a Ha roj p,erpt,
ro(y, y oxro6py 1350, TporupaHn-n lllu6cuuuaHrt cy 6u:trr
carro, n3r,'reAar [Ie y.rr'euoM Aolseilr
roqeKaly u rro3,qpaBe Irapa ,[yurasa (Starine JAZU XIII, 1881, 233). Op. 1326.
crrpeMHrr ,qa
Ha Aosoi IJ,ernrru he ce, yr,raenoi\rr ycra"rxru r{ rpaHrrua cpeAMBe!(oBrre oocaucHe ;Ipi+GBe Il
o6--racrn Kocaqa.
88 ListineVII,240 u IX,433.
6? ucnrrce ra osaj JoHy^leHar, rr HcKe Apyrc u3 ilcre ceptrje,
Lell. tli Lcvante XII, I l9;
cTaBr4o Mu je na pacno,'raralLe ;1p Cr.rlta Gnpxoeuh, raHpe4ua upc$ecop Vnunepsurera; oH IIII
je :r,y6asno y."ynrlo ua ynorpc6y u pygonuc ceoje grrceprayuie Xepqee CrueSau Byxuuh-
I{ocaua u tbeeola speirc na My Ha cBeuy u oBoM rrpl4-Tll'll{olu ron.uo saxna.:15'jen.
-
236 Beran Tpnxonzh

BperreHo 3aBJraAanrrrr'rM HpajeM (1452)68, a Aor-IHr4je rr OcmaHnuje.6e y:,Aplr(&BHo-

-irpaBHorlt(( rrorneAy, unaK) KaKo r{3rneAa, Kpajuna Hr4ie r.I3ra3ilna BaH oKB}rpa
Xy,ncxe 3ellrbe. Ka.qa y nponehe 1326. ro4zue najnehu geo Xyincxe semre (ca
Kpajuuon) 6yge goruao nog 6ocaucxy Bnacr, y rrlry,ry 6aua Crjeuana II Korpo-
nrauuha, rr ro HeuocpeAHo ro u36Lrjaey rberoBrrx qera Ha Lletfiuuy, 12. VI 1326,
yhn he cano Xy,ncxa 3eMJ6a, ue z Kpajnua terrae Chelmi comiti.?o
- atque
Osrann rpaHr{rrHr{ ucjac rrsrnely xymcnrzx u xpBarcxnx gemaJr,a cer{ oHot
ua 4onoj I{erzuz * rrnaK Huje moryhe 6nnxe oApeAurr{. Cee secru -xojuma pac-
rroJra)xemo, Ha )r{aJrocr, cauo xpajrse neogpefeno toBope o roMe u E3 r6r{x ce rerrlKo
MolICe 3AK!'by\4r4TLr vl0dTa Buule ocLIM UpeTlocraBKe ,qa cy rpaHlrrle Xylncxe 3eMJbe
rlrorxAa Morne AoArrprrBarn rr cpeArLrt rox I{ernne.?l j{orne he goqnr.rje, 3Ha ce
cr{rypHo, .qoufiparll r4 rpaHnrla XepqeroBe Ap}r{aBe. To, napanuo, joru ne mopa
3Haqvru Aa cy cBa xepqeroBa ocnajam4 ua roj crpaHz 6ur.a y Hexaxnoj Be3Lr r{ ca
rpaurrrlaMa Xymcxe semrbe. Ou je jegHo Bpeme .qpx(ao lr floruqa
- repnropujy,
AaKrre, xoja je BaH cBaxe cyMrbe Heturo Apyro, a He xyiucxa. flaga, mefyr.um, y
oqu qrrlbeHur{a Aa ie xpa"t Ocrojay ceojoj nosnaroj rroBerbr{ ol 28. XII 1408?2
(cauyeauoj y qenrrHrr, AoAyrqe, y MHoro goquuiem, u Heturo cyrnrszeor.r?3, trpe-
eo4y) Pa4znojenr.rhrzna-Brarxoeuhuna, uspa3rzro xy;\rcKoj enacreocxoj nopo-
y roj o6nacru
Ar{Urd: nopeA ocraJror AoAenuo rroceAe 6aru u Duarum cum
- locum
provincia Radobilie. Kaxo je roj nopoguqlr uomeHyrom noBeJbom gar rr Our.tu ca
flpniuopjem ab utroque latere Cettine n{orJro 6u ce, r{3 orpe3Hocrr.I, roHo-
- -
68 Rad JAZU CXXX (1897) 33; cp. u 3axoucxu cfioueuuryu,127.
6'gI. Grgii, Statut primorske lige, Zadarska revija IV, 4 (1955) 193 u A.
70 Codex diplomaticus IX, ed. T. Smiiiklas, Zagteb 1917,296; y urattnaHrlm
,qoKyMeHruma
KpajI'rHy rrana3r.(Mo je4uno y rroBerblr og 23. VI 1345 (Codex diplomaticus Xl, 207) C:rjenaHa
II: banus Bosne, nec non terrarum, Vsure, Salis, Doline, Crayne, Rame ac totius Cholm
princeps et dominus; a!'rr4, To je ounrregnaro rper.Irxa,,ynvcaHa raxo nncapcxom segerurfisom"
(n:ra usgaeava?), G.opoenh, TeputVopuatHu pa3soj, 36, uan. 4.
?1
Jr.rpeuex, I4cfropuja Cp6a 12,149: o HenarsrrHom HanaAy Ha Xpearcry, ,,a Harrme
nnsaarrljcxy npoeunqujy ,,Dalmatia et Croatia" ca r,laBHuM MecroM Cn,ruroru" HeKaKo
-
y5pso nourro je nocrao BeJrfiKrl )KynaH; Jnpeuex npernocraBJL,a ga je uanag u3BcAeH,,no ceoj
nplr:rNqu" xoA Omuua rrrro, HapaBHo, He Mopa 6nru raunol uctu, Tomeu cuu xuesa Mupo-
ctaea Xyucxoz, 36opnux - Konctantrlrra Jupeuexa I,437: y rpaqr{oM pyxolucy Anc6epra xax<e
ce ga Hemarrznor 6para Mapocnaea: fratris sui Merzilai comitis et principis Chelmenie et
Crazzie, que contigue sunt Dalmacie; r{ noroMKe Mupoc:ranreee HaJrasrrMo HerAe y 6tususu
Cn:rnra: flerap he jegno nperrre 6nta usa6pau u 3a rpaAcr{or KHesaJ a npr4craJrrrqa y rpagy he
ul,l'aril rr rseros Hehax Toren, xoju he, noAcraxHyr rr,rrMa, olJr,aqxaru 80.000 oBarla [o oxo-
rr.rHrr cnrrnrcxoj u rporzpcxoj (ucro, 439; G. Novak, Poaijest Splita I, Split 1957, 103-104,
106); 7. IX 1241 , xyMcxu xries An4pr.rja cxrronuo je yronop ca Cn-quhannmal na uM je qosnoruo
nopeA ocranor Aa ceKy ApBa y rceroeo j senssu (Codex diplomaticus IV, 134; Novak, Pozryest Splita
I,112); no ieAnorrr nax axry 4y6porauxor apxreni{c(ona oA 25. II 1252- regnum Zachulmie
extenditur usque ad provinciam Spalatensem (Acta Albaniael,62), a Helrrro laotluuje,1292,
rroceArr IIIy6uha cy ce npore3aru a finibus comitatus de Chelum usque Segniam, Gazecham
et Modrussiam (Codex diplomaticus YII,104-105); nnoro,qoqnuie 15. X 145'l xepqer
Crjeuau ce )r(a:ruo mrerauxoj Clcsopuja na 6ocancxor xpara Tonaura -
- u rr,eroBe rraMepe ,qa
saysne xpaieee ocraJre usa llerpa Tanoeqa xojn cy ce rpaHrrrrn,'r[ con una mia terra dicta
Comsca (Listinex, l22), asafI.Ta:roeqaceraxxax{ega jegpxao,,cBy - x{yny rlerr.rHcKy r{
KJrr.rIIrKy ca AorvqHrMrl rpa4oen" u joru Knun, Ocrpoeuqy u CxpaAun (Klaii, Poaiest Bosne,
305 u 308).
?2 Starine JAZU XXXIX (1938) 315.
73 Cpaeuu: M.,[uuah, Becfru E1epxapda Buudexea o Eocuu, Jyroc,roeencxr rrcroprrcKrl
qaconuc I, 3-4 (1935) 363-365.
 Xyucxa seura 237

Brrrll ouo [rro ie peqeHo Manorpe Lr 3a Kocaqy' JeAan rroAaraK, Mebyrt4rr, rI3 'qy-
6posavr<or apXABa pa3iacHuhe, 6ap gouexle, Hauly HellsBecHocr. 16. VI 1492.
nojanr.ro ce, nanne, Thomas Petrouich de Ctissa tanquam comissus voiuode Xarchi
et Tadei eius voiuode Xarchi fratris ac Giure nepotis eorum habitatorum in Che-
rudtia Cumscha Xemglia.Ta tr{s npegmer ce jacuo Mo}ICe 3ala,byrllIrn ,qa cy ce oBH
Brarxoezhu, v3arHarn ca cnojux 6arrlruua 6rurxe Hepernlr, cKJIoHrrJrIr y 3alaAHe
(urU najsanagguje) xygcqe [peAene, 1.Ae cy ]\rouIII II^larII u pauuie cnojzx 6anr-
TrIHa, a [ro]11Aa cy uX, BepOBaTHo OA yrapgKor KpaJba, gO6:z.nA ra naxnaAno. fIO
crzlusaqrrjrr AoKytvteHTa, oBa ,,XyMcKa semJba<< Mopana ce HaJIa3I{ru He[ocpeAHo
y3 XpBarcge lpeAene. tr4sltefy pera I{eune I4 HeperBe carypHo ce nrrje HaJla3una.
jegno crora [rro cy TyptIE Ao raAa Beh roc[oAapunu KpajHHoM, Apyro: IIIro
,qy6poeauxu Iltlcap sa xpajene l{crorlHo og yruha I{etZne ue 6z nauncao ,,in Che-
tuaiia". ocraje HaM',qaxJre, xao je4nna illoryhHocr Aa ce [o]leuyta repzropltja
Morna Hacnagarl{ Ha l{erUny?4", aIU Hert1To AaJE€ oA II'eHor YrUha; 6uno 6U nelo-
rurrHo rpax(urrl je npexo re pexe, r{nu HerAe jou ceeeposana,qnuje, y Hpaienu,ua
Xpeatcxrrln, jep ce oHAa He 6u 3Bana Cumscha Xemglia. 3nauajHo ie, pa-
"ncro
3yMe ce, Aa ce ra,Ua xpajen XV sexa 3a npeAele xojz cy Aorne 6uln xymcxu
-
Kalr(e Aa rpfinaAaiy Xpeatcxoj.
-
*
5es uapouzrr.Ix reluKoha, a tt upequsHnje, rrory ce oApeAI,IrLr I{ ceBepo3a-
fla.qHe XyMcKe rpaHrrrle. flo:roeunonl X eexa y rom xpajy, ,,r{ynAnUja[1a" J]uBaIL-
?a Div, notariae LXXI,
180.
KaAa je pyr<onuc oBe pacnpaBe eeh 6uo [punpe]!1Jr'eH sa rrrraMly, sarra3uJrH cMo ,eAHo
?aa

MecTo y no3HaToM ,qHeBHrI(y N[. Canyga Ha xoje ce Mopago ocBpHyTIr. O rpanuqana Kpajane,
Han6e, y rroMegyroM Aeny Kalr{e ce: El confin di la qual Craina da parte de ponente sono con
Almisij da levante cotr .l firrme de Narenta, da mezzo di la ripa del mar, da bora Radobilia
et uno paese dil ducato dito con Seazenila (Rapporti della Republica Veneta coi Slaxi Meridio-
nati. Biani tratti dei diarii manoscritti di Marino Sanudo 1496-1533' Arkiv za povjestnicu
jugoslavensku V (Zagreb 1859) 56; cp. Jleilofiuc fioila !9xnauuua,263, n Aunuh, 3enne xep4eea,
10"0); p".r"-, Kao rrlTo ce Blt.qn, cacBrltll cy iacne, ocltm ABe_nocneAlr,e con Seazenila;
r.nt 6" ro,,se1tJsa'6ana y XepqeroBIIHII - dil ducato - xoja 6u ce gea:ra -raxo? J. Pae,'Iuh
ru"ur"Aa".
(Maxapcxa u fteHo dpuuopje' Cn,rur 1934, 110, Han. 161) rvruc,ru Aa cy ro ,,Iasac Ceoqa y flo-
,ln.rr,oj omurusu" (Seazenila-Seoze villa-Ceoqe cero)-rrro nehe 6uru.Tar{Ho. flpe cnera,
reruro ,qa 6a ce sa floruuqa - :,; ro 1499. ro.qnne ! - pe(no Aa je uno paese dil ducato; ucn'tna, IIo-
56nqa cy ce je.quo BpeMe Hana3una y pyxaMa Crjenana Byxvuha, alu cy y6p:o rrperrlna noA BIiacT
Mle:raxa; Aorlnuje, lrefyrulr, He caMo rrrro Irx xepqer uuie noBparr{o Hero ce oApel{ao u qpHuuh
npereH-
suja caojux ua raj xpaj i.[ujts'uh, 3eane xepueza,194-195); saHrrMJbuBo je ucrahu,qa ie
(Popa Duhljanina letbpis, Kraljevica 1874, IV; cp. V a Jleutoiiuc iiotla fi9xnauuua,263), yoitufiie
ysei rao ru:ro he ce eugerrl rr3 AaJber rr3Jrarata.- MHoro 6ott'e cxearzo CauyAos rexcr u He
-
rroKyrl1aB[rfi Ao Kpa)a Aa pa3peuu 3arogeTKy, Ko,a Hac rofln{ai no Isegy cy rpaHulle_ Kpaiuue
ca..repa 6une ,,Radobilja i nekoliho Hercegozte". V creapr.r, pe[Ieu,e rruje r:eutxo nahn; y He-
KaKBoM oprrrnHany Mopa!.ro je ynecto oBe ABe pevu crajaru Xylrcxa 3eMJr,a : Consea zenila
Consca zernla; auo fe, nax, oBaI{Ba uHTepnpeTgllnja tauna - a He BIIAI4 ce urra 6n ce Apyro,
-
lOrzurl.rje, Moan6 npeAnox{LITI{ - iegau Snavajau [oIaTaKr lJ_tle
oH,qa CMo cTBapHo go6r'tln
-
ToJrur{o o .p*"r.qanra Kpajuue KoiII,IKo 6arU o Xymcxoj semnnl xaxo Ham_ie, sanparo, go6po
rro3gara repnroprr)a HerraAarbe PoAo6ur,e ,,npeAeo usnefy Ilernne, Bzoxoea ir lreroBl4x
orpaga6a .tpe*a Omttttry, jy>xnux LI3AaHaKa - ,flanape u tr'Imotcxor" (.[zuuh, 3erw)be xepqezar
2Ol) oH,qa cacBrrM jacno Lrs:rasu Aor{ne ce u Xyrrcxa ser,uLa HaiAa$e Ha 3aJraA MorJra rrpocrrr-
paTu j- I{o cpeAr6e l-Ieruse, Aaute, uuje Aonupana. I1 y MoAepHo eperrle he Talorla HaqItHHTII
rperur{y xoja na,ruuu rra oHy o xoioi ie 6u,ro peuIr, jep he og Ha3I{Ba Xymcxa 3eMJba, IIalpaBuTIi
gea rpaga: ,,zrvei Burgen, Kunisa und Zemija"! (Thall6czy, Studien' 198).
238 Benax Tpnroauh

cKoM r{ r{MoTcKoM, 3aBpluaBana ce xpBaTcKa, a ,qoTJre cy HeKaKo AourrpaJre I{ rpa-

Hr4rle Cp6uie u 3axyMJba. Bpenenon ce crarr,e Helrrro rr3MeHr4Jro. Iloqerxom XIV
BeKa c[oMrrrLe ce Ha roj crpaHu ynoceAy IIIy6zha o6nacr ,,TpouoJbe" ur:r,1r ,,Tpkrjy
noJba" (trium camporum) xoja 6u o6yxBarana: AyBarscKo, rrraMorrxo L\ KynperrlKo
(!) uorne.?s Tpu geqeuzje goqurrje r{ camo rorr rprrrrr{Kom, cuomzrbe
ce y Bnacru 6ocancxor 6aua 3aepruje-1332xoje 6r{,- ofler, caqr{rlaBane x{yrle AyBarr,cxa,
JrrrBarrcKa n rJramoqxa.?6 3a 3aspruje ce jeguom [o]lu4ruJb€IJro Aa 6u morno 6uru
,,r{AeHTuqHo ca ,3axatnut"(?7) IrITo nehe 6nru raqHo. tr{ o6.rracr ,,trium camporum"
ce r{3prrquro ogeaja og Xylrcxe 3emJbe78, a Aa ce canno Jlzeuo nzje pauyualo y
oBy rrocneArby, Br4Ar4 ce naj6ore H3 rllryJre no jeo,qe I,IsaHurua Brarxosuha y Jrero
1466: Johannis Humskj perpetui comitis de Wrathar ac vayvode terre Humie et
de Hliuna.Te 3sano ce v Ha yrapcKom ABopy 1433. ta je uexaga Jlajoru Aplr(ao
,,Jalomfeold, Hlevnnaa (campus Clevnae), Berzechel et aliae".80 Hrr .[yeno xoje
ce usgeaja u o,q rrpaBe Eocresl nxje [pv[aAano Xpncxoj semJr,u. V eeh - uo-
MeHyrom gy6poeauxom nr{cmy oa- 24. I 1439, rope,q Xylnrana rr Kpajamana, no-
ce6no ce clomrrrby n ,,1i homini della contrata de Dumno". To je 6zno uosHqro u
Op6nuujy. loeopehr.r o loxoAy r{apa .[yxraHa rporqB Eocre y jecen 1350. ou xaxe
Aa ce qap rro Heycuenoj oucagr 6o6oeqa ynyrr4o Kpo3 ,,qrrraBy" Bocry ,,infin'd
i confini di Dolmna, ouer Dumno"r rr4 rrorrlro ce ry yra6opuo u rocJrao eojcxe
npella I{erznrr u Kpxz, cau oH ca ocrarKom (nojcxe) ,,volto zterso il Contado di
Chelmo; et preso il Castello d'fmota, et Novi".8z
flo Op6rturiy, Aaxre, rer I,lmorcxu je upuuagao Xyrucxoj seMJbLr. Ha
Apyrou Mecry, rAe roBoprr orpucraHKy 6ana Tnprxa Aa ycr)ryruyrapcxom KpaJby
Jlajomy geo Xy,'na, Op6lruu je jou ogpefeuzju: (Tvrtko) conuenne co'l Rd di
darli in Chelmo cBy semJby I{eruue u Heperee ca la6e.nom u
- et Noui.83 nsiuefy
li Castelli d'Imota, - con
He sHa ce Konr{Ko je Op6znrrjeBa Becr y rleJrrrHrl
TaqHa, aJrr{ c[omrrrbarre rpaAoBa Zmorcxor u Hoeor, Kao r{ To Aa ce HaJra3e y
Xymccoj 3euJbr4, AocJroBHo ce noreplyje nonerom. KpaJba Jlajorua Hnary He-
.ruuuuhy o,q 1365. xojou nny KpaJb 3a rr,eroBe roceAe Ha llerr.rur4 rr Kpxx ycrlma
duo castra sua Wywar et fmota nuncupata, in terra nostra Cholmi existencia
et habita ... simul cum Comitatu terre Cholmie predicte.8a 25. IX 1378.6uo
je jou y tr4lrorcxon yrapcKrr KHes Embrich conte de Ymotta85, anu seh l.
-
?5 T.opoeuh, TepuiloputulHu panoj, 30.
76 Cmape cpilcxe fioeeme u ilucud I, 1, ed. Jb. Crojanoenh, Eeorpag-Cp. Kap:roaqrr
1929, 43-44; Aoponuh, Tepuuropua,tuu paseoj, 35.
7?
Jupeuer, Tpeoaaurcu fiymesu u pyduut1u,235,uan.76; cp. o 3aepuriy: I4. Pyeapaq,
Tpu dodafrxa R pacupasu ,,Eauoean e Teptuxa 6aua (1353-1377)", 36oprtax I,l:rapnoHa Pyeapqa
I, Beorpag 1934, 493-494.
78 Thall6czy, Studien, 326: ac Mladinus trium camporum et totius terre
Hlim (comes);
.qa ,,Hlim" wu)e Jlueuo (Hiivno), cpaenu: ,[unuh, Contes Constantinus,7.
7e Vjesnik- Kr. zemaljskog arkiva XIX (1917) l19-120.
80 G.opoeHh, Xucfiiopuja Eocue, 447.
81 Cp. Hoeaxoevh, Cpficrce o6tactau, 6l 97.
,
82 Orbini, 265.
83 I,Icro, 356.
ea Codex diplomaticus XIV,440; cp..{Hnuh, Comes Constantinus,g.
85
J. Ta,qnh, Ilucua u yilyfiiciliea dJ,6poeaqxe peily6ruxe I, Beorpag 1935, 369.
 Xymcxa seur'a 239

XII 1382, no Jlajoruenoj onpru, Harra3uuo y lbeMy Tnprxoeor qoBeKa Becenxa

flepSuuha rao vayvoda de Imota.86 lllesgecer roAuHa pauuje, 1322, rpag cy
ouceAanv BpanunojenuhusT, a rloJroBr4Hom XIII nexa, nely cBeAoql{rlra Ha no-
Berr,u x(ylaua xylicxor Pagocrana, ,,KJrerBeHrrKa" yrapcxor KpaJba, HaJra3uo ce
rr ,,chrHHKh lr,noThcrh" Bojrrclae PaAorueeuh.s8 To 6n yjeguo 6uta u rrajpa-
Huja carypna Becr aa je I{morcKrr fipurra:rao Xpncxoj 3eMJbrr. Cano ,,upeoru-
r,rar6e" trImorcxor lropano ce cBaKaKo AoroArlTrr 3narHo pauuje, AoK cy xy,\rcKll
BnaAapu jour 6umr He3aBrrcun. V epeme.{,yx.rrannna [poqec je neh orrypno 6uo
3aBprueH.

Hu ceeepue u ceBepoucro.r"" Xyncxe 3e*Jr,e, xaxo 6ap Ha [pBIr

"o"l"qe
norneA r{3rJreAa, ne 6u rpe6ano Aa rrpeAcraerajy Hapoql4rz npo6rem. Ha gecroj
o6anu Heperne, jprua crpaHa cpeAILoBeKoBHe )r(y[e Panne 6rrra je, y to ueMa HI4-
KaKBe cyrlrrbe, xpajna nnuuja Aor{Jre ce Ha ceBep Moura upocrrrparrr Xymcxa se}tJ6a.
Palra nujeHrrKa,qa yna3r{Jra y rbeH cacraB. He naraszmo je, gorlHuje, urr mefy no-
ceArrua, rzHatre go6po rro3garvm u cjajuo [po]^reH]rM, xepllera Crjeuana. Oua
he ce calro jegnon, rr ro 3a rpeHyrax peKJro 6z ce, nahu y pyxaMa xepqeroBor cvHa
Braguc-rrana rro na,qy Eocuese, Aa 6v ycKopo BepoBarHo Lr caua rrana y pyxe Ty-
paxa . Iben rrpBt4 uoueH, rrHaqe, HaJIa3IrMo eeh I I 38. y rurynl4 yrapcxrrx KpaJEeBa.
3a nona .[yxraunna, Panra he .ruunru uajsanagnujy )Kyry lberoBor flogropja.
Ka,qa y XIV eercy, 3a BnaAe 6ana Crjeuana II, 6yge yuJla y cacraB Bocue, Molr{Aa
y vcro Bpeme xaA z Xymcxa 3emJba, cBeAor{v ,,wr fd,t{c" naeoAnhe ce y ABe uoBefi€
noce6uo00, a ieAannyr he ce Pama sahlr rr y 6anoeoj LlHrrrryJlaqujz nanopego ca
ce raqHo na jyr flpyx(ana
- Tononqlr ,,Paruxa ropa".[oxle
Xymcxom 3eMJboM Rame ac totius Cholm.el
Panra, reulxo je pehu. uetqto ceeepuzje oA AaHalrrbet
Mocrapae2 morao je HeKaAa rrpeAcraBJbarr{ rpaHllqHn melaur Cp6uje (ca 6oqrom)
npema jyry, a.:ur ie uensnecuo Aa ce 6aur ty, na Paruxoj roptr, Mopanaycrarwrtt4Lt
ceBepHa rpaHuqa Xy,ncxe 3er!rJr,e.
I4sroquo og Heperne, ropocracHrr nJraHr{Hcxr{ rrracr4B rr3HaA Korwrrla Morao
6u ce caceu;lr norvrrHo y3eru Kao ceBepHa rpaHrrqa Xy,ncxe semJbe na roj crpaHl{.
18. III 1405. crajano je y yuyrcrey gy6ponaqKr{Nr rlocnaHulllrma Aa rrorparre noj-
BoAy Can.{a;ra Xpauuha in terra de Chelmo, non passando Chognig, infin in
Drinayeua.et Aa je Korsnq upeAcraBrbao rpaulrtlHo Mecro npeMa Eocuu, y ro,
HapaBHo, Hr{Ko r4 HvKa,qa nrrje uorymrrao. JeAan cBeAoK je y.(y6ponnuxy usjaeuo
16. VII 1382: Ego eram in ChoniE et dicti Pauluscus et Neneg ueniebant de Bosna.ea

86 Odtyxe eeha dy6poeauxe peiiy6nuxe I, ed.M. ,{unuh, Eeorpa4 1951'274i cp..[nnnh,

Tpe ,Qpujeea, 725, uar^.2.
8? Cp. nrojy pacnpaBy: Epauueojeauhu, tr'lcropncru rtacHnr 3-4 (1960) 63-65.
88 Monumenta serbica, 44-45.
8e,[uruh, 3eillbe xep4eea, 239-240.
oo Thall6czy, Studien, 8, 74.
sr Llcro,329.
82 :hopoenh, Teputrtopua,tuu paseoj, 33.
ea
Jupeuex, Tltzoeauxu iyfreeu u pydxuyu,236, :aar,. 76.
er Hcto.
240 Beran Tpnxosuh

foprry Heperey u Kor,rrq Kao rpaHr,ruy Aoxne ie gocesala Xymcxa 3€MJba ysvr;.a vt
Op6uHrz: Il Confine trir Chelmo et Bosna d secondo nasce il fiume di Narente,
in Visseua, et cofite corre il detto fiume in verso Cogniz.es
Hanpeg peqeno, a Hapoqrrro yryrcrBo Ly6poeuana oa 18. III 1405, HaBeJro
je Jupeuexa Aa roroBo ca necHr.IqKzrl oAylrreBJr,erLerlr u ancoJr),'rHon HayrrHoM yBe-
peHoruhy Harrr{trre m je 1404. CanAar Xpanrrh oceojno: ,,I{uo Xyn ca Komuqex,
Bpanqen, Heseczr,elr r{ ArrBHurr rpa,qolr Erarajem"s0, ya6z sa oeaj rrocne,qrrrl rpaA
(Eraraj) u uoce6no Harnacrro Aa ie ,,ucilopucrcu yuiapfieHo zlrdBHo ujecruo Xyfid,"sz,
r.rnu KaKo ,,je y XIII-XVe. 6zo He ca\ro zr,td6Hu rpa,q Xyma, Hero rr jequo og npBux
mjecra uzjene yr{}Tpaumocrrl"es LI. Ea 614, Hajsag, 3a qr{raB xpaj ceeepno og E:ra-
raja nouonzo: ,,flpema vcroxy (!) o6yxearao je (Xpr) Heeecrrrle rr Aonupao Ao
Hairoprrer rora Heperne, rgje je Konrrq 6uo uorpauzuuo njecro nsnefy Xyn,a u
Eocrre, vcro ouaKo Kao [ITo je jou 11 Aauac nsru.efy Xepqeroeuue u EocHe".ee
V Aoqqrrjuiu pa,qoBr{Ma, Jupeuex nehe ocraru oBaKo KareropvqaH, ana y cyurrr{Hn,
r{3ureAa, nehe npomeurrrz ceoje ?\rurrrJbeI6e; }6eroB Xy,u uehe Hu raAa [peira3urr{ Ha
gecuy o6a:ry Heperne * cerlr y rLeuom Aorr.eM roxyloo he go xpaja
- Hn E.raraj
a 3a
ocrarrr y yBeperty ga je 6uo ,,artdzrtro ujeciln" re o6lacru.r0l 4pynr ucropr4qapu
uehe nocynnaru y rberoBe 3a(r,yqKe.
,,I{uo Xylr", flpe cBera oBaKo Kar(o ra cxBara Jupeuex HeperBe
oqurne,qHa je u ue lrana omalrrxa y rberoBom lzcrpax{uBaqxom pagy, - ,4ouuju ce suauaj- ,
Kao rr AaJreKoce)r{aH aJrrl Herarr{BaH yrurlai , .il,to}Ke caMo rracnyTr{Tr.I. canna nax crrlnu-
saquja je raxea uocpeArr je, uo ceoj lpunr{qu, orlaruKa Lrucro cruncKe rrprlpoAe
Aa rlac eogz -iour uorpenlHnjerl saKrbln{Ky, rra[r{.e ga Xy.n u uHje Huurra Ap}'ro
-
rrero: Eraraj, Heeecune, Konnq n Bpa6aq!
BanpeAso je, melTyr'rru, saHr.rilrJF,r{Bo ga je yrpaBo reprrropuja ua xojoj ce
qana3e noMeHyra meqra 6aru uajcnopurrja ,,TauKa" qrrraBe ,,xyM.cKe" npo6rena:ruxe.
flon .[yx,'naHrrH, Kao turo je rro3Haro, fio-neHyry o6:racr paq]rHa, ca jour HeKrr\l
)r(ynairra, y ceoje flogropje.ro2 Oea .{uE,eHEua ie Beol'ra Ba}KHa 3a Aa.rbe pacupaB-
Jr,ar6e. flocraeJba ce oAu.ax nzrarr,e: aKo lo]ieHy:ra o6.nacr go fiyxnauutrc,a 6pe-
ueua -uuje yJra3r{na y cagraB xymcKux 3eniaJba, xag je oHAa Bulue ro Moura uocrarrr)
jep ycxopo necraje r\ He3aBr{cHe xyncKe ,qp}r(aBe, a oqr{rJreAuo je go xy,ncxe exc-
rrauszje u ua oeoj crpaHr{ MorJro jegnuo Aclhn Aox je Xy,ucxa selrrba 6ula uesa-

e5 Orbini, 393 j Luccari 14.

eo
Jupevex, Tpeoaauxu fryfreeu u pyduw1u,252.
e7 tr4cro, 236.
88 Zcro,
ss Vcro, 235.
roo ITciltopuja Cp6a 12,66; Jnpeuer ce, uefyram, Hehe Aoc:relno Aplr{arx Hr.r oBor cBor
jep he jeguom pehu, xao rltro cMo Brr,qenu, sa Bpy:sy Aa ie ,,na rpaHlrr{u 3axylr:r,a"
MurrrJL,en,a,
(zcto, 196), a,qpyroM, rrax, rrpr4Jr4xoru uanucahe 4a je sa epenne 6op6u oKo r]pecrona y Cp6nju
noc;re 1321. 6ocancxu 6au Crjenan II npo,qpo,,y ropt,e 3axyun,e", r4emy jeoABnacrene,,rora
xpaja" nefy rpBrzma npurlao ,,HeBecvrlcKrr x{ynaHr IIosHaH llyphuh" (ncro,204) a cee je
To, orrer, cacBr4M Hexrro .qpyro oA rberoBe corrcrBene $opmy:raqnje (eeh raae4eHe) - ,qa je Ha
,,upu,uopcKoj o6anu o,q ,[y6poerinxa Ha ceBep cee 4o HeperBe, rra ]r y doruoj AoJrnHr{ Fleperne,
6H,ra sem.ra X,tu ... u 3axnuuje"l (ucro, 66).
lor l4cro, 66.
roz Jleffioituc iioila
fiyx.oauuna, 327.
 Xymcxa sem:ra 241

Br{cHa. Kaga oaa [ocneArr,a 6yAe ,,tr"xopnopupana,. y cplcKy Ap]r{aBy, 6uto 6u

a[cypAHo uoMrrllrJbarrr qa 6rr morna HaMerarn cnoje rrme repuropnjlr xoja je rr AorJre
6rrna y_oxeupy cp6uje. ocrajy HaM vuaK ,qBe r{oryhHo cru: uni je Herge npe uoJro-
nzne XII eexa Xyncxa 3eruba 6ap jeAuo Bper\{e ycrreJra Aa 3aBJraAa go Heeeqrma rz
Kon'ur1a, unu je ro yqptrbeHo uocne .[yx,'raHuHa, Ba BJraAe [pBt\x Hemarsrrha,
xag je Xylicxa 3emJba, xaKo L\3rJIeAa, MorJra y r{3BecHrrm MolreHrl{Ma jour z cauy-
BarH KaKBy-TaKBy He3aBrlCHOCT.
,{a 6u cJrrrKa 6una jacuuja, uorpe6no je ogmax Ha noqerKy pehu aa 3ar{yAo
6au uuje4nor AoxyilteuTa y Kon(e 6rr ce ga HeKy Jrr.IqHoc.t aJtt4 rrecro ca no-
nen'la
meHyre reparopnje r.I3prlqr.Iro HarJracr{Jro ga je ,,us Xylra" vJrrr ),as Xymcxe 3eMr,e...
carw op6zuu, y uujy c*o r{3Ba'pe,4ny o6aeeurrenosr seh unarrur npuJruxe
Aa ce yBepvjl1o, caorluraBa HaM I{ 3a oBy npI{JrI{Ky AparorleHe Becrrr, uaxo, 6ap Ha
[pBr{ rrofJreA, Kao Aa caM ca co6olr AoJra3}r y KoHrpa.qr.rKqrrjy. 3a no3Haror canxa
Mnnrenoeuha Op6nnrr Kalxe Aa je di Zagorre, a gp>xao 6u ..rrzrae Xyln.. og flpz-
llopja 4o Heeecrltr'a u Konurlalos; gpyrom [pr{JTrrKoM sa rbera he.rax pehrr,,qa
je nravxao rr 3ayseo Xy.rr".ror Bp.rro je 3aHrrjl,.r'b]rBo caonurraBa na ;eanon
necry op6rr Aa _cy 3a Bna,qe Auapsje Xyr,rcxor - KaKo
rocnoAapr{ Boqre say3enrr
,,tutte le Contrade, ch'erano sott'i monti, cioB Neuesigne, Debar, Grecka, et
altre".105 Hajsag, y oHolr{ AeJry rAe roBopr{ o Hala,qy 6ocancxor 6ana sa Epagz-
eoje_enhe, Kar.Ke Aa je Cr-jenan II ynyruo flosHaHa flyphuha Aa 3ay3Me 3aropje,
et Neuesigne, a nojeogu Ppxzpy je sauoeeArro Aa [porour{ ocraJre ,no xyrqy,;.i06
3a o6ojrrqy rrrrx, y rrHAeKcy crojn Aa cy 6ocaucxe nojnoge.
r.rHarre,
je
. .I4s cBera rrrro Op6uHu pexao crr.rqe ce yrrrcaK Aa on (Op6rrurr) o6lacr o
xojoj ronoprrmo He c-raBJba [orrryHo BaH oKBzpa rberoBor Xyma, anz je z go"o;r"o
ogeaja. Canxoezhu cy n9 rseny 6zrur rocnoAaprr Xyma, ana um nopexno nuje
,,xy[{cK_o", Hero cy
- d-i zag:rie.
Atrqul.' norryHo noreplyjy
Kpzruuxr4 pac[paBJbeHz [OAaqrl o-oeoj tropo-
op6unzjeno usJtaiage. Jegan apxllncKr{ rrorarax Ao-
Y9r1_rol{?3yje ga cy Mrz.rrren ,[paxunojenuh z cuu my canxo de sacoria.ros
31. v 1366. nomrrrby ce z canxonrr JbyAr.r homines Senchi -6paha paAoc.nae
u flerap MeAo[Ieeuh - roAarlrlMa r.rs .[y6ponauKor
Ifo -
- de Sagoria.r'e
,qo[cra H3J'ra3v Aa ie u o6nacr
apxnBa
Canxosuha o6yxeara:ra xpajene og ropne Heperee
Ao cnaHcKor npuruopjalro, na cy pr oHrr, canxonrrhz, vaxo de sagoria, 6utruunpura
,,xyMcxa" rocrloAa. V je,quoj rroBeJbrr 6ocancxor KpaJba o,q g. Xtt 1400. mefy cee-
AOIII{Ma xY,tlttlt seir/.e" HaJraSLrIr.Io Canxosa cuHa PaAzqd ,,c 6pa1gi11,,.r11
',0Ah je
I'Iurepecanrua lr op6znrrjeea Becr o HarraAy Bocanaqa
je rauna - 6eskrglai
na o6ramv ,,sott'i monti": Henecupe, .[e6ap (ceaxaxo
o6stapa KoJrrrKo
y roprsoi
Hepernu)- rr laqxo. To ynpano 14 He Jrrirsrr ua op6uHujen Xyn, KoJrr{Ko na Sub-
montana uoua .(yxrausHa !

103 Orbini, 357.

toa l4cro, 282.
105 l4cro, 390.
ro8 l4cro, 392.
t-tl J.-Mzjyruxonuh, Xyncxa snacfreocKa fiopodu4a Cauxoeuhu,
- ^ --. llcropujcxu .raconuc XI
(te6t) 17-s2.
los Llcro,20,
roe I4cro, 21, uan. 23.
110 lllcro, 37, 32 u t.
trr Monumenta serbica, 249.
16 36opHux @ulo:o$cxor $axylrera
242 Be:rau Tpnrconu h

tr4na, nrefyru'vr, u crrryprruirrx AoKa3a 6ap sa jeAan ,qeo o6rracur o xojoj ie

peq Aa Hnje cuaAana y Xy,ncxy 3elrJby, wtu 6ap He He[ocpeAuo. XyrucHy 3eMJEy
xao je4au o,q cacraBHrlx AeJroBa rlrryne 6ocascxux BnaAapa, BvAenu crro, HaJra-
3rruo o,quax no rleHou oceojen'y oA crpaHe Eocre (1326). Anu, eeh y [pBI{xI no-
BeJb?r,ta 6aua Crjenaua II, y ABa Maxa, fiopeA Xy.ncxe 3e]!IJI'e y meronoi rIIryrII{,
HaJra3rrgo lrefy cee4oqlttta ,,wT 3aropmt" [o3HaTor ]I{y[aH4 flosHaHa
- Hat\la Beh
flyphuha ,,sh Epd,t'Hw,lrh<'.112 He[rro .qorlurrje, Ha [orrerKy Tnp:rxoee era,4e, 1354,
,,KhAd 6H crzlNhKL Ha 4'[Hntxr", nope4 rIpeAcraBHrIKa ,,cBe" Eocue I{ Iorbux
Kpajeea HaJra3gtvro U npeACTaBHUKe ,,u 3arOpUt tt Xnr,uUCr<e aet Ae" .tL3 JegrrOn Ce rIaK
iuefy ceegoqut{a, nopeg flosHaua llyphuha us 3aropja, rtoce6llo jaera xao cBe.qoK
,,wr Nrprrar K8r<r HBqxosuhr u cu sgtaruwall".ltn Xyua Heperea,,je necy.umlrno
o6lxearana xpaj oxo Konnqa ca o6e crpaue H€pe'res."1r5 Hu raj xpaj' snauz,
Kao, HrI 3aropje, He 6n ylasllo y Xy,ltcxy 3ellrJr,y. flaga, mefy:rtr't, y oql\ penarbBHo
IurrpoKa ynorpe6a Ha3I{Ba ,,5ocHa" na oeoi repnropuju. Eaur sa rxyny Heperny
sHaMo Aa ce joru 1244. Haeouu xao,,nocjeg 6ocaucxe KaroirHr{Ke 6ncr<yuuje".116
Ol 1326. roArrHe ynorpe6a ror Ha3r{Ba rrpournpuhe ce joru I{ Bzlrre. V jeguom 6par-
illeHry TeprHoee rloBeJbe s:t 1367. Irel)y cBe.4ol{e ,,wr EocHE" 3a pasnlrny oA
oHHx u3 Vcope
-
upeu je 3a[ucaH,,Kd3Ndqh GaHrxo H 3 Epd'l'Ho,1th('.LL1 20. V
1367. y gy6poeauxoj xauqenaprrju sa6ere>xeHrr cy: Pribigna Obradovich et Dra-
chqinus Gostenouich de Bossina homines Senchi1l8, a 7. XI 1340. sexu Milach
de Lucaneq de Neuesigne de Bosena.ttn Kpai oxo roprbe Heperee 6uhe ,,6ocsa"
n uo roqnu jurr Becrr{r'!a, He ca.\Io uo ono j ue 1244:. Bogoslava, filia quondam Ratchi,
de flumine Visseue, de 'fernouiga, partium Bossine (16. IV 1400;.tzo floiuenyro
ceJro,,rrocrojn n ganac na renoj o6a:tr HeperBe) y npeAeny Eoparr".121. Vs pexy
Bnrueey rar{o ce HexaAa sea,ua HeperBa y cBo}t ropn'et\!. roxy122
- 6uta ie, Hao
rrrro ct\ro -Br{Aerru, u x(yna Heperaa sa xojy he ce u 1466. pehu Aa ie y Eocuu: in
Nertva partigm Bosne.123 Kao 6ocaucxU, naisag, osHa.Il4he ce rt rpaA Be:rerAu y
3aropjy: Vochac Dechouich de subtus castrumVellentin, provintie Bosine (1442)Lza;
,fio6pocrae O6pagoeuh onry]ruo ie alpula 1465. 6pahy Mr'r:ro6para u Pagemy
,fl,paroenhe ambos de subtus Velletino, rusticos Jurgi Cemerovich de Bosna.125
Oeaj uocnegr6lr Typall 9euepoezh * no3Harl4 je e;racrenulr xepllera Crjenana,
q ilocne H,eroBe-crprlt u clrHa lly B;rarxa.
'l'axo 6u, npeMa ro:!re, quraBa o6lacr :a xojy ce 6es orpa4e pexno ga je ,,quo
Xyl" cee upe gpyro: ll 3aropje, n Heperea, rr Eocua Hapoquro, ca\lo He Xy.tt- -
1l'z Thall6czy, Studien, 8' 14'
rra Hcro, 23.
1i{ l{cro, 14.
115 3e,+t:ae xeP4eea,214.
J{unnh,
116
Jnpeuer<, Tpeoaauxtt fiytueeu u p7'duztqu, 242.
1r? Thall6czy, Snrdien, 26.
rr8 Mujyuxoeuh, Xyncxa Biacneocka tiopodu\a Cauxoeuhtr',28, lan. 63.
rre T.opoeuh, Xucutopuja Eocue, 256.
r2o .[nnuh, 3en,te xep4en, 209.
r21 lIcro.
1?r llcro,209-210.
1! 3 trIci,r, 203 .
1'?r I'Icro, 216,
rri I,Icro.
 Xymcxa sem;r'a 243

cr{a 3eMJba! fla rura ouga ocraje

o.q rrorlrerryror ylyrcrBa Ay6poBaqKzM noKJrZ-
rpaxe CanAara Xpanrlha in terra de Chelmo non passando
capr.rrlra r.rs 1405. Aa
Chognig infin in Drinayeva! Clren'ro rrv Ha ocHoBy r43Herrrx qnrr,eHrrqa Aa ,,rIHo
Xyn" nornyHo vcnJbyrrumo r{3 Xy.ucxe gemre !
-
Vnecro KparKor oAroBopa, sagprxahemo ce ua je,quon AoKyMeHry, yocraJrom
Bp.iro rro3Harolr, xoju He 3axJbyqyje oeo, a orBapa Apyr4, Molr(Aa jou re>ra uu-
Tal{)a.

floc.ne 6puxrureo r.r3BeAeHux .roJ.ro.*u, ,{,y6ponuanuua ie y pary ca

xepr{erom Crjenauom -
nolrno 3a pyKom, nope,q ocraJror) ,ua uocrojehrr pa3Aop
-
y canoj xepqeroeoj nopoAt4rlu lperBope v y orBopeHy no6yuy je4uor Aena 3e^rJbe,
Ha qeiry ca najcrapnjun ny crlHom Blaguclaeou. 4. IV 1452. gy1poBar{Ka BJraAa
je eeh rl3BeruraBaJra npeMa caqyBauom noHrlerrry ru{cma ceoje locJraFrvxe Ha
Iuop)' Aecrrora Rypba, - y3 orrvrne.qHy paAocr u ue 6es ys6yferra
- z3rJreAa) Aa ce
B..ra;ucnae 29.Iil uo6yuuo u 3ayseo rpaAoBe: Enaraj, Tofenaq, Bparap y Cyr-
jecqu, Eraraj (!),.qee replaee al ponte de Neretva, a sarum ga cy 30. III uanz:
Yinazaz in Nevesigne, Ymocchi, Crusevag e Novi in Lucha e tutta la contrada
de Chelmo exceto Liubischi (npeqpraHo: e serh che non restano altro che tre for-
teze); KaKo cy y KoHrlenry nperlpraHa r{ cBa LrMeHa rope HaBeAeHrix rpaAoBa ocrrM
E"'raraja, y ge$unuruBHou rexcry rrr4cMa Mopano je crajaru ga je B;ragucnaB 3ay-
seo ,.Blagay e tuttd la contrada de Chelmo exceto Liubischi* .126
Hu us npeArrer AoKyi\,1eHTa, Kao Irrro ce eeh rra frpBrr rlofne,q sauarxa, nnje
JIaXO 3aKJT,yr{UTI,I IIITa je ,,XyMCxO", a lUTa nnje. Ca VuCrO $OpfnanHe CTpaHe MO-
ryhe je, uefyrttm, uper[ocraBrr:rn ,4noje: ,,c4B XyM" je utm cBa reprrropuja og
Tofeeqa go Jby6yuxor u HoBor y Jlyqu yxrsyvyjyhu nocneArba rpaAa
r{Jrr{ je, nax, ,,1a contrada de Chelmo"- serrrro Apyro,u oea,qBa
Mrrmo cBrrx uo6pojaunx
-necra (ocun Jby6yurxor, napaeuo). Terrrxo je pehrz KoJruKo 6vr 6wsa raqHa npBa
rrperrrocraBKa; Apyra ce, naK, rropa oAMax og6aquru, jep sa I{uorcKH, KpyilreBarl
rr Hoen y "Ilyqz vL\leaqe crdrypHo 3Haxio,qa cy npu[aAanu Xy.ucxoj seli.nu. Ho,
na.1a )' oqrr u rrr4rrerrlrla Aa je gy6poeauKrr Kauqenap y rpu Maxa ys rrojegzne rpa-
Aore craeno I{ Ha3HB rxyue xojoj upuna4ajy. V cnyvajy Bparapa u Hoeor on ie
ro crrrvpFro yquru4o ga He 6u 6u.no sa6yHe s6or acroumeHrix rpaAoBa y Apyrum
,ue-'rotsrrna xeprleroBe.qp)naBe; ga,ru je y c;ryuajy Bzuauqa raKo uocryrlJr,eHo,qa
6r.r ce 6;unxe oApeAno, r4nu ce )r(eJreno Aa ce ricraKHe cneqn$nuHocr replrropv ie y
nojoj ce Ha-Tra3rr 3a pa3nLrxy oA oHe xojoj npr.ruagajy tr{li.orcxu, Kpyrueeaq u Hoez
y Jlyqn? Cyaehn no cxpaheuoj (n geSuHurzeuoj) nepszju e tutta la
contrada de Chelmo exceto Liubischi - Blagay
raKBa ce nroryhnocr nanehe ca jout eurue
JIorr{Ke. Nloryha 6u 6una, npeua rome, - joru jegua anrepHarlrBa y noxyurajuna 4a
ce npor!'rl4un useeruraj ,[y6poeuana og 4. IV 1452: rpagoeu go Heperee (ugyhu
o1 Tcrfeeqa) npegcrae;ratru 6u jeguy qe;ruuy, a repuropuja sanagno og Heperee
Oea uoc;regwa 6u 6r.Ina, ua :raj Haur.ru, o6-yxeahena pequr\.:a ,,tutta la
-,rp1'r,v!
contrr.da de Chelmo". flpuxearrr Jrr{ ce, lrre}1y'ruivr, TaKBo ryruaqeu,e, oHAa ucKp-
caeai'"- Hoile re[Ixohe c gpyre crpaHe. Haur're, rrperra Hajuoeuirnr ucnl{rr{Barr,Ll&la

r:6 I.ett. di Levante XV, 110; N. Jorga, Notes et extraits pour servir d l'histoire des
Crrr-i.ri7e-r II, Paris 1899,465; cp. u Euproeuh,Xepryee CrueSau Byriuuh-Itocaua, 176; noSyna
B.Ta.lirc"raea r{ B.qacreJre, 162 u A.
l( *
244 Be:r,an Tpnxoeuh

B.nagnc;rae je ca no6ynenoM BJracrenolt ycneo Aa orprHe oA oIIa, rrope4 Tepuro-

pfiie oA l'ofenqa Ao .qaHalxr'er Mocrapa, joru calro, KaKo Ir3rJIeAa, I4cKJbyqHBo
xpajeee ua decuoj o6ala HeperBe. A Kalr{e ce tuttd la contrada de Chelmo!
- o6nacr og Heperne go ,[puHe
V *y, 3HarrLr ) He carlio rqro, liolr(Aa, ue 6u crIaAaJIa
Hero Hr{ crapz 3axyri,lcKr{ npeAeJur zsmely Heperne c je4ue, u ftdponnzKa) Tpe-
6urr,a n Pyguua c Apyre crpane !
tr4ma u Apyrr4x no,qaraxa cJIIrqHe BpeAHocrI{ Kao Ha[peA HaBeAeHrr, I4 To 6atu
y Be3rr ca no6yHor'. BnaAncrasa, Ir ynpaBo crota luro ce u camo cpeAl{rure nojnux
axquja * roje cy r:olr{Aa noqeJle l{crorrHo og Heperne KaKo rrstJreAa, rrocJre
-
ycraJrnno 3ara/Irno oII re peKe. Ilpunuxom nperoBopa ca 6ocaHcKvm xpa$em To-
MarrreM o caBe3y [porzB xeprlefa, ,fiy6ponuauu cy o6ehanalpr de confortar e per-
suader li zentilhomeni et altri de Chelmo e alni ztisini a nuy che se toliono del
conte Stefano (18. VIII 14511 .tzz l4rana l1'ngynzha, narpoHa jegHor Ay6po-
BaqKor 6pur4nruna ua yurhy Heperne, o6aneurrasana je uaga 3a BpeMe para ca
xepqerom Aa rrx oAmax uH$opmume se sentirete alcuna cossa deli Turchi i quali
havemo inteso sozo innati in Chelmo.rz8 Cr,rrucnyngy lyveruhy cy nax 6. II 1453.
rvcaJil4 y Eev come li l'urchi sono innati in Chelmo e far danni et incendii.l2e
Mapra re roAaue, 1453, u xepqer je noruao [poruB BraAlrcnasa
- in Chelmo
e combatando esso suo padre el castello de Novi in Chelmol30l czu je rom npz-
JrrrKorlr cryrfio y npeloBope ca oIIeM per far chel dicto suo padre se leoasse de
Chelmo e non combatesse
- Castel1o.131
piu el detto Hajsag je xepqer 18. II 1453.
Ar{rao olcaAy Hoeor et ha la fiumara cum loste o tornato a caxa sua.132 flpe
rora 4. II 1453 * - .fiy6poauaHu cy oAJro]trrJrltr,HeKo peilrelle ad prima nova
-
que habebimus de Chelmo, recedentibus Teucris de diua contratd.l93 10. II
rrax, Ha BraAucnasr'eBylr(eJbyAanocerz Ly6poBHrrK, go6uo je caaer Aa He Hartyrura
la contrata sua, jep xeplrer sta con la hoste in Chelmo, na 6u ce MorJro AoroAItrE
Aa My ce [prrBp]r(eHlrrlrr uoxo,re6aiy.ttn V nero 1453..[y6poBqaHr{ cy ca3Hanu Aa
je BnagzcnaB cKJron[o ca orlem Mr{p rro,{ ycnoBor,r Aa Bparrr terra Cumia con tutti
li castelli e zentilhomenil3s; cBoue [ocJIaHI.I]ry KoA Jelene, B.ua,qrrc.rrana u trLea-
Hr,[ua, Huxona Map. fyngyJruhy, KoMe cy ro janfi'a.rrz, aapeluealrv cry na oA]vtax
Cum presteza IIAe OHaI(o rge 6yge ca3Hao Aa ce [oMeHyra nlrqa HaJIa3e
-
in terra
- -
Cumia; aKo JeJIeHa 6yge 6nna y nysHy, la :al\e u ,qorJle, y 6ocuy ne.136 lognny
gaua panlrje 7. VII 1452 je gy6ponauKl{nr rproBrlrrMa Aa ntory nhz
y Eocrry per-viam Chelmol3?,- Ao3BoJbeHo
camo Iuro oeaj nyr nuje uogtlo JIeBoM o6a,rolr
Heperne, nero 6aur AecHoM o6arom re peKe. Jleea o6ala Heperne je raga, y Jrero
1452, cnaxaxo 6n.na rroA KoHrponol\r xepqera Crjenana c xojzm ry .fly6ponuanu
12? Lett. di Levante XIV, 90'.
128 Lett. di Levante XV, 81.
r2o Hcro, 58.
130 Zcro, 15.
r3r Zcto.
182 tr4cro, 53.
r83 Notes et etcttaits II, 486.
18{ Lett, di Levante XV, 51.
186 Lett. di Levante XIV, 121 .
183 trlcro.
r8? D. Kovatevit, Trgoaina u srednjoojekoanoj Bosni, Sarajevo 1961, 159, san' 15.
 Xylrcxa sem.n'a 245

6r.rtuy pany.28.II 1451, cBoue qocraur4xy Koirl ie rpe6aro Aa rrAe y yrapecy,

gy6poeauxa srr4Aa je caeeronana qualla via la qual vi para piu comoda et piu
sigtaa pur chE non andate per la contrada de bherzeg (!) Crvuanlssi ,,xfiucxllu"
de Chelmo je nasnan LI HeKI4 florpeqas nyr rpexo re repllro-
nyreu
- la via
prrie; rlnne -
je rpe6ano ga npole y rrapry 1453. xepqeroB rlocJlaHrrx flerpy Ta-
JroBrIy, ra KaKo je taj xpaj 6no joru roA KonrpoJrom Bla,quclaBa) oA mera je H rpa-
>xes salvus conductus.l3e
I{ raxo, AaKJre, u [yreBu xojlr cy BoApInu sarlaAgo og Heperne
gsarl4 6LI ce
,,xylucxu", serrJba Xyiucxa; y rby ce yJra3IrJIo KaA ce upebe Heperra rr4yhu ca
-
r.rcroKa, a u3na3uJro rr3 rbe xa,4 6u ce [peIrIJIa ra peKa uAyhn ca Sarara' Jeguonr
per{I{, crplqe ce yTr{ca4 Kao Aa ce cBe urro je ,,xymcKo" froJIoBIrHoM XV Bexa
Harra3r{Jrocauo 3a[aAHo oA Heperee! 3axryrax, s6urca, HeBepoBaraH, aJIIr He
Bu,qrlrro nrra 6a ce, orler, Apyro mouo pehll.
i I l'ri!
i ,.:l J

9nrsenuqe u3Here y cy [acrrr y otrn r'I Ao

AocaAalrrlbetvl l{3nararby Mopane
caAa, airu cyrrrrr4Ha rpoqeca roue je y crBapl{ pe.r
- unje youena: ,,flpema
cjenepy ( !) npocrzpao ce Xym y .qorlHr{iem Cpegrrem nujexy u ilpexo AecHe crpaHe
o6are Heperss(c uzcao ie MnaAV Jupevexla0, Aox he Pynapaq Ha BpxyHIIy cBo-r.a
- 3axymry ga je 6Zno ,,jesrpo XyllcKe 3egJbe('.141
cTBapaJraIUTBa roBopIITI{ o ,,cTapott"
I{cuaAaro 6v, su4ur4, Ea 6u AaBHalrlrba o6nacr nemefy Heperne u '[y6ponrulxa
ocrajara Kao ,,ie3rpo" 6ygyhe, npocrpanzje Xymcxe 3egJbe' xoja 62, ero, 11oqeJra
ce urzprrrrr v npeKo pexe HepetBe rr ro, uo ceoj [prrJrI{II[, pa3y6emo
_. 6arU rroJroBrlHolt XV sera! A axo je raxo, - aKoAo6po
onga je [ocpeAw BeJIIIKa
Jupeuexa
sa6rryAa, cBaKaKo je4na o4 HaiBehnx y Koiy je yuao sHameurrrl4 HayrrHvx. V no-
y BIIu1e HaBpara [oAByqeHO qa ie iou,[yxlranranoea
CaAarrlrbep r.I3Ilararby eeh je
,,Chelmania" csax(Ho 6rZ:ra sarcOpaULIJIa U Ha geCrfy O6arry Heperee, a TaMO Her.qe'
3arraAHo og Heperee, n floponpofeHllroBo 3axyrrL.rre .rropaJlo ce rpaHzrrrrrrl ca
Xpnarcxon. Cau Jupevex he, mefyrzm, goquaje urro je zcraKuyro
- Kao
Bpyr"y xo,4 Maxapcxe, rI ro fioqerKom XIV sexa - AaKJIe, urraK He y ,,4oqrujenl
-
cpeArbem BeKy" craBJbarlt ,,an der Grenze Zachlumiens" !
-
Ocnoega Hec[opa3ym z ie4ua oA rrraBHrrx rpeuiu(a y Aoca,qalrrrblrw t4cililrr4-
Barrr4ua rfuaX je, qvrrll
y ToMe IIITO ce ,,XyMCKO(' nUje yeerC AoBOJbHO pasJIIIKo-
Ce)
BaJIO OA ,,XepUeroBaqKor", ila HI{ ,,CpflcKor", a 6e3 uorpe6e rly ce' c Apyre crpaHe'
cy[porcraBJbao repMIrH ,,3axyMcKL\". canr JupeueK he, Ha rIpI{Mep' rBp,ql'rru 3a
uost{aror Bojrrclaea Bojunoruha ga je 6zo ,,HalIecHIIK KoHaBaJIa, Tpe6rnra, laqxa,
,Il,pune, Cjer:uqe rrrA.", ,qa 6u Beh y napegnoj peqerurqn oner yqrBpAlzo KaKo My
ie qap Vpouf den Titel eines ,,Knezen" von Zachlumien verliehen.la2 Vporrr,.trre-
by.r*, nuie morao garu BojuclaBy rl,rryJr]t ,,KHe3a(( 3axyl\[cKora' jep oeaj (Bo-
jucnae) ro crBapuo nnje urr 6uo. Ou cau, AoAylue, 3a Bpeme ceor ryxo6a ca '[y6-
poBHr{KoM y nero 1359, nasusahe ce6e ,,xyMcKvM(' KHe3oM I'I Ha ocgoBy rora I{c-

138 Diplomatarium Ragusanum, 475.

13e Lett. di Levante XV, 15.
r{0 Jupeuer, Tpeoeaurcu fiyfreau u pyduutqu,235.
lar Pyeapaq, Tpu dodatrxa,490.
las Jiredek, Geschichte der Serben,42l.
246 Be:r,an Tpnxoauh

rr,qahe cBoie ilpaBo Ha CroH Kao ceAulrre xyMcKI4x KHe3oBa143' aJIIr he My saro
MyAprr ,[y6poeuanu, Koiu cy, HapaBHo, Ao6po [o3HaBaJrrr [paBo crarbe crBapu,
oAfoBaparrr aBrycra re roAvHe Aa ce oH caMo se comitem chelmi appelantem, a
Apyroilr rrpr{nuxou he pehu qui se titulat comitem Chelmi.laa Cluqno Jupeuexy,
Apyrr4 zcropr{qapu, I{ ro BpJIo yrJreAHIz' craeJbahe rroA SarnaBJbe ,'Xyrl" He carlo
xanqelapnje v rroBeJbe, uggare oA Hecymrr,IrBrIx ,,xytrcKux" rocuo4apa, Hefo rr oHe
xoje he,4oquuje I{3,qaBarI4 Kocaqe rr flaenosl4hvL4s' a nz jegru HL( Apyru He Mory
ce Hv IIo KoM ocHoBy cBpcTaBarLI ] rrXp!IcK]'( focloAy, nnru je y rbrrxoBo BpeMe
nocroja.na HeKaKBa ,,XyM.cKa" Ap)IqBa. 3a KoCa.re ce) Ha IIpI4Mep, curypHo sHa Aa
cy r1opeKnolt us flogpurr,a) a rr,uxoBo fIaK ,,rocnoActeo" eo,qu nac, jegno Bpe]le,
cauo y Eocny. CanAa.rr Xpanuh he ymperz, 1435, a Hehe ce gpyraunje 3BarII Hero
,,nojeoga" r{Jrrr ,,BeJrLrKll soinoAa 6ocaHcxtl" unu ,,pycara 6ocancxora", turo je
ulax rryAuo, jep je eeh oA 1404. 6uo rocloAap jeguor gera Xyucxe seillJr,e (uc-
rorrHo o4 Heperee), a Ao xpaja ceoje BnaAe ycneo je Aa rlporerHe cnojy n:ract go
I{errryre ,,ca rI3BecHL\rr noHyruajut\ra Aa ce npele rr Ta pexa"1a61 raxo he ce 3BaTI.I
rr rberoB cr{HoBarl rr HacJre,uul4x Ctjeuau Byxuzh; reK KaAa 6yge yseo ruryJly
xepqera, on he ce Ha3vBarrr rr ,,1.ocrloAap xyMcKI4<' anu I{croBpeMeHo ,'lI [purropcKl4
z xHes gprzncKn", a rrpe cBera he 6zru,,xeprler cBerora Qgssc<.147,[acyKocaue
ge]lrJba 6u sa rruxose B-TraAe,
Aor{cra 6u;ru ,,)qyMcn4" rocloga, rr3 r{opeHa, Xymcxa
Kao uojau u ncropnjcxo-Ieo1pa$cKa xareropuja, Ag)IOIB9JIa IIpaBy peHecaHcy'
a TaKo Ce yupaBo na jeguoy llecTy II xatxelra8 Alpr Kocaqe ro HI{Cy 6UtrU. Hu
,'[Jre[\eHr{To" flaeronuha
* usmefy cPe,qrre '[pnne u Eocnelae rurje llrlairo
HuKaKBe Be3e ca Xylr.ou.
- cy goqHuja
fla uz npvllopcKl{ rloceAll oBe flopoArrue, Itoie
TetIeB[Ha) gBrr, yrJraBrlom, y je,qnou Aeny Konaeala, 3arvrr y :rpe6nncxon u 6z-
rehKom Kpaiy150, 6u:ru cy cKopo cacBr{M BaH ol{Br{pa Xylrcxe 3erube.
3a pasnnxy oA rrcropl{qapa uoerrjer Bpet\IeHa, Mopa ce oAaru nylro rlpu3-
na15e Op6unr.rjy ga je ua uouerxy XVII BeKa 6uo l.r 6ome nnSopuucau Il urlao

aa} Acru, Tpzoaauxu fryfueeu u pyduuqu, 237, uan. 8l'

laa llucna u YilYfrciiea, 6, 12.
1a5 Cr. Crano jeeub, Cilyduje o cpitcxoj du[i,'rottatiiutqu I-XXVIII, 1913-1935, passim;
raxo u G. Cremoinik, Bosanske i humske pooelje srednjega oijeka, Giasnik Zemaljskog mtzeia
(19s1) 89 r g.
1a6
,[uHuh, 3eame xepqeza, 160; y jegHom ar{ry MJlerarrxe BJIaAe us 1396' CanAa:l ce
TrrryJrr{rle xao egregius ac magnificus dominus Sandali de Chosachi, miles, Rassie Bosneque
magnus voyvoda, - ac Budue et Zente dominus ,4axJre, cBera rocno,qap, u By,qee qaxJ camo He
-
(Acta Archiai tLeneti I, ed. J. Schafarik, Belgradi 1860' 324).
- iyncxn!
14? Ilpe ox:ro6pa 1448 r(aAa ce nporrracno 3a xepqera CrjenaH Byxuuh je, xaxo
-
trgrJreAar camo jeAnornr, rrpuJDrKoM cKJrarralba MLIpa ca Beuequjoivt
- 23. VIII 1445 HasLraH,
nopeA ocraJrorr r.r KHe3oM xymcKrrm
- Archizli z:eneti
ac duce terre Huminis (Acta -Il"
395).
-
ta8 ,,Nu najvi5e se razprostre (humska zemtja) za vladanja vclikih vojevoda Hraniia,
koii se bjehu tuj u drugoj polovici 14. stolje6a osilili . . . Velike vojevode od porodice Hra-
ni6a (oso'bito Sandalj Hranii i Stipan Vukdi6) vladahu humskom zemljom gotovo samostalno,
priznivaju6i samo po imenu vrhovnu vlast bosanskih kralja, uz to Sirijahu gospodstvo svoje
na sve strane, na sjever do Omi5a, a na jug do Kotora i dalie. Oni osnova5e gotovu drZavu, a
god. 1448. dobile naslov hercegl, po 6em se kasnije sva oblast njihova pr_o_zove Hercegovinom
(ftaie , Poxiest Bosne, 24) ; y tamen rexcry, Knauh he sa CaHAaJba pehz ga Xymcxy seMi-r'y ,,pa3-
rpanra" cee go ,[pr.rHe! (ncro, 213).
rao .[rrnnh, 3enne xePqeea, 163.
r50 trIcro, 164-165.3a ruxoBy o6nacr Goposnh he ynorpe1nru, 6es I4KaHBe orpaAe,
n3pa3 ,,xyMcxa ,qpxasa" (I4cutopuja Eocne, 465).
 Xyncxa sen,ta 247

3ApaBrrie [oureAe Ha ,,xy]\IcKe" npo6.neme Ilero rberoBll Ia.r-IeKI{ HacraBJbaqu. I43-

Jrafarbe o Xylry y cBoMe no3Haroil1 ,qeJry oH he, ca Aocra o[paBAarsa, saBpruurn
rtoru6uiom EpaHunojennha u flerpa To.rrenoelaha. O Kocaqa,l'ra u noeoj gp>xaenoj
I
rBopeBr4HH xojy oHu creapajy Op6uuu he, cacnum yr1ecHo, roBopllrl{ y noce6non
rornaRJby. V Haruoj caepem.enoj ucropraorpa$uju carno he ce rrsyserHo, aJrrr raarHo,
I pehu: Aa Xy,lr u Xepqeronnna Hrrcy 11oigoBu ca vcrlllx 3HatIetrem.lsl
I
Carr ycnon Kocaua, nefyrulr., He car\ro luro Hilie sHatruo jauarr'e v rlllpene
Xymcxe 3ell,'be ,,Ha cBe crpaHe'( uero je ylpaBo r\torao u Mopao sHa.{utu 6aru
I

cynporHo cysorjame cBera ruro je ,,xyr1cKo", u 6op6y - Ao - ca 0BLIM rloc-

Hcrpare
i
-
JreAr6rl\r. Mohuu, KaKBrr cy 6vru, Kocaqe cy noul{nl{ cBe lrlro ur'I ie craiano Ha
nyry. Orur pyue uajnpe CaHxosuhe, sarrrtrr flannoezhe yrJlaBHolrr norncxyjy ns
rrpulropcxnx o6.rracrul goqunje he ce creapHo, aKo He u tbopnaJrHo, cacBzll oA-
nojnrz oA Eocue. fla u cee urro je ,,xyi!IcKo" llorno n,u je clreratu. Koneuoeuhe
Hrrcy llornri no cnoj nprlJlplqn ilo,quocllrlr' jep cy califl Idnax 6Irnu cnopojeenhu,
a cBe Irrro je ,,xyucKo" 6uno je oA crapIrHe, To ce gHa,Tro, H oA Tora ce MorJro 3a-
3r{parll oryga, BaJbAa, }laJlo EorIeHa xy}rcxor rrhieua y lblrxoBo Bpeur€ ucroqHo oA
Heperne, AoK ce y ,,ceBepHo.\r 3axyuJsy", BI4,qenI{ crio) cBe Brrrrre trrupfi nrie 6o-
caHcKo.
3anaAno og Hepetee taxne Kocaqe gohu he y cyxo6 ca nohnon, rl3pa3l{ro
,,xyilcKom" rropoArrrlolr Bratxoeuha. Hecyuacnrle he 6uu'r uepntaHeHrHe; oHe
he ce rrprrspelleHo cruurarrl u 1435. u 1453, ga 6n ce HeIrIro 4oqurzje rIoHoBo pa3-
6yxrane u 3aBplurr.rre Ii3rHal6eli [I3 3eilJr,e Brarxoenha.lsz Alu, 6es o6supa Ha cBe
ro, n CaH;1arr XpaeHh H rlorou rreroB HacJreAHI{K rurrpuhe repuroprzjy ceoie o6-
Jracru Ao I{eruue, .[ynua tt Jlusria yBeK ca flpereH3l{jar,ra ga ce IlAe r'r gy6*,e
-
Ha 3arraA. Cea xy.r:.cxa :reprlropuja, y ql{raBorr cBo}I [pocrpaHcrBy, HaIIlna ce rla
raj na.run nog jegrrou rlBpcrou n.riaurhy * Kao pauuje nog Eocnolr) a HeKana rIoA
Cp6lrjorr y npBu rryr rrocne cilrprlr 6ana Crjeuana II Korponannha (1353).
- crBapu
.(a m.t je oeo, uucro ,,$usu.rKo" oKynJr,aIbe xylicKl{x 3€r-ri8Jb8 y oKBlrpy jegue gp-
)r(aBr{e rBopeBllr{e nopeg eeh naee,qeuor HerarlrBHor ur'iano v KaKaIr ,qpy-
raunju 3Haqai ? -NAa-xaxo, r,efyruu, pe3oHoBanu, finaK croju - untr'eunqa Aa he 6aru
rr3 xauqeJiaprrje xepqera Crjerraua, I{ ro HeI{aIto y Bperle xag ie 6zo na BpxyHI{y
cnoje niohu, u:ahn ,qoi{yueHar ca uajAparorleuzjHrr., aKo He u jeguutrm, rlo.qarxo}r
xoje je y)r{I4Bana xymcKa BJlacrena. Xeprier he
6ap 3a caga
- o ilpr4Bvnerujana
-y pary 1451-1453. no6eguru crrHa r{ uo6yneuy BJracreny r.ra Xynicxe sellrbe, aJlrr
he onoj nocregnoj, y,,anry H3r'1l{perba" 19. jyr'a 1453 uilax [pu3Haru cSAh
- quueHIrIIa
H nHTdNhtf x8,{thcK0153, Hecylrrl'uBo Ba}KI{a Ha -ul.rju he ce sHa.Iaj , rue-
fyrmn, TeK y r{arue AaHe yxasaru.lsa 3aruto je xepqer y [olreHyrom axry ro no,q-
eyxao (urru ga nognyue)?
^ropao
15r
.[,unuh, Tpu iloeelae us ucfr,uca lleaua Jltuuha,88.
152 lupxonuh , Xeptlee Ciiie$au Byxuuh-Kocaua, 224 u nar. 108.
r53 Ctilape cpilcKe uolelbe u iiucua I, 2, 68,
15a C. Gr.rpxoeuh,
,,Bepua ctytrc6a" u ,,ajepa eocfroda<a". 36opnux @r.r;roso$cxor $axyl-
rera VI, 2 (Beorpa,q 1962) 108-110,I4cru, Xep4ee Cute$au Byxuuh-Kocaarc u lbe2o6o qpeile,
199, uan. 712; ua rparoBe rrexal{Bnx noce6nrax ,,xyrvrcxtrx" noBnacrLJIIa lr o6uvaja Harzra3r.r ce
r.r y Apyrnm .qoxyr{eHruMa. Taro he y ,[y6poeauxoi\r craryry (1272) 6uru noce6no peqr ,,De
consuetudinibus inter Raguseos et homines comitatus Chelmi" (Ciloueuuqu cp'iicxull' 143).
23.I'1332.6ocancxn 6an ie AosBoJrrzo ,[y6ponuanurwa A.t il(HBOY XOyalcrOalr 3faaoar
OY NHXh 3dK0N0Y 0Y n$h8o/tlh (3axoucxu cfroneuuqu,165);usa yrapcKe BrIaAe y jeguorrT gely
248 BeraH Tpnr<oeuh

V vucy camo Kocaqe BoAnnLr raKBy rroJrlrruKy. Jour Aaego rrpe r6lrx 6uJra
je ro uonnrnKa rr cBt4x Henranuha, Konr4xo ce sHa. Oeu uocnegrrlr cy ytnaBHor.t
rI AoxpaiqnJrrr relr(6e ga rIeKolI cauosraJrHolr(hy ,,xyrncxe" Apx(ase. I,Icro ouaxo
Kao rrrro he Byxauoeuhu 6utu cxplleHrr y 3erz, u [oroMrlrr ,,BeJrHKora KHe3a
x.lMcxora" Mupocnaea BpeMeHolI he cse Hu]r(e I{ HH)r(e rlaAarrr Ha necrBrrrltl
$eyga.rure xrrjepapxuje, .qa 6u ce uajsag rroi\{elrraJrrr ca He3HarHo.lr JroKaJrHoM
BJracrenoi\r xyivlcKolr y sanefy .(y6poeuuxa.155 ffoxyruaj, mefyrum, o6uaem4na
xy,\rcxe ApxaBe uo4 Bpauneojeeuhnvr.a * y rpehoj 4eqeuujr,r XIV BeKa
yryruzhe Eocua ceojrrm rpoAopor[ na o6aly Jagpaua.l68 Onacuoqr je, gaxre, -
sa Xy,ucxy 3errJby Kao Heurro noce6uo, yBeK AoJra3HJra oA jaunx gp:xaerlux
Sopmaquja y H,eHoM cyce,qcrBy, ceeje4uo oA Kora, cprrcKe rIeHTpaJrHe BJracrrr,
ojauane Eoure n.rrz uacrojana Kocaqa 3a AoxuHarlrrjom. I{ He ca.\ro rrno je 6zo
,,[peceueH" AaJr,fi caMOcraJrHrI paseoj Xymcxe 3emJbe uero he 6ur:u cnpe.ren
n uoxyuraj nese o6noee, Aa 6rr ce, najaa,q, Kl{Avcano u Ha locJreArbe ocrarKe
,,xyucnor" xao raxBor. flope4 oHor, .uebyTr{M, Luro ie uanpeg peqeHo, lropa
ce HarJracuru ga je n ry6urax Crona y rpehoj geqeHuju XIV, a sarun z flpu-
mopja oxo C;rauor xpajeiu ror BeKa [peAcraBrbaJro Kpynau yAaparl,jesrpy"
Xy.ncxe 3erv,Ee ,,crapotr" 3axy1nv6t.ttt
-
Xyucxe sem:r,e (noE,llajoiuelr),.fly6poauaHv cy rpa)r(Hnu aBrycra 1361. sa Crjenxa 9uxopuha,
Kao ,,xyMcKor" .roeexa e homo de terra de Chelmo ,qa 6ar ,{anlraqrrje a Xpearcxe faga
raxion segondo usanga de - terra de Chelmo, a ne - segondo- usanqa ungarescha over de Dalmacia,
ovcr de Croacia (.Ilucna u yfryiltcfrea,60; cp. G.zpxoairh, Xep4ez Cruefiau Byxuuh-Kocaua,
199, Han. 112).l4sBpeMeHa xepqera Crjenaaa ocrao HaM je jour jegaH 3aHVMTLTIB AoKyMeHr,
xojr.i je eeh cnomeHyr, orrer u3 BpeMeHa no6yne xymcxe BJracreJre u Bragacnana,16.VII 1452.
npeAcraBHrrqx KpajnHe, cras:lajyhu ce noA Mneraqxy 3alrrrr.rTy, Tpaxunu cy o4 Cursopuje
far confermar ie sue antige usanze, che hano habuto per li altri signori, et maxime dai re Bossina
(Rad JAZU CXXX, 1897,33); rroAarax, KaKo ce Bvnu, y yx{eM cr\rrc,'Iy, He oAHocr{ ce Ha Xylrcxy
3eMr-r,y, anr ce [ocpelHo HerrITo u 3a rr,y Mo]r{e ruJq}rTarfi. He ivrox(e ce 3HaTx xa,qa cy I{oca.re
npBrl fiyr 3aBr'raxaJre Kpajunom, aJrrr npe 1434. roruve cBaKaKo (,4tnah, 3e,ru6e xepueaa,
-
192), a iegnum lr,eHHM AeJroM, MolKAa, rr 3uarHo panrje (cpaeufi:rtcrrr,Tpe fipujeea,126).Bna-
AaBuHy Kocava, Kpajr.r*auu, Btlqil ce, r.r3priqrrro rre crroMuny, a cehajy ce 6ocancxux KpaJbeBa;
ar(o rri\l ur.rje 6r.r-uo go6po no,4 Koca.rama a ro ce Mo)r(e flperrlocraBrrrrr'- 3aHlrr'vlJr,]rao je qa
Hrrcy xrenlr crar[ Hu ys xyMc(e no6yr,eunxe, - na ce raro cfLrqe yrI,IcaK Rao Aa cy Be3HBaI6eM
cnoje cyg6uHe sa Mirerxe xreJrn y crBap[ Aa ce oc:ro6o,qe u rerrrre BJracrlr Koca.ra a.]ru Ir He-
3roAHor cyceAcrBa Xymrana. Teurxo je neurro ogpeleno pehu o nonox<ajy Xymcxe seun,e
y 6ocarrcxoj AplraBrr. .[a,rz cy- BnaAapu Bocne noruroeaJrr n xyMcxe, xao xpajuucxe antige
usanze? JeAuno rrrro rra/Ia y our,r je qurbeHurla ga y HajpaHujuM rroBeJl'aMa 6ana Crjenana - II
oAMax rro aaysehy Xyucxe seMJr,e HeMa cBeAoKa I,r3 oBe nocteAn'e! I4uave, o.q ucropuuapa je, -
z3rneAar npru npo$. Ba6uh cxpenyo- [a)r(r6y na ,,poseban poloZai Huma", KaKo y Paurxoj,
raKo rr y Bocrru. A. Babit., Struktura srednjotjekoane bosanske drdave, Pregled 1 (Sarajevo
196l) 3-4.
r55 I'I. Eox<uh, O rtoLtoxajy 3etie y dptrcaeu Heuan'uha' I4cropucxu r,,racuux 1-2
(1950) 111.
t;e Cp. I{cr. r:racrux 3-4 (1960) 69 u a.
r57 I4 joru ie,qna oxo:rsocr 6u ce, MolKIa, llopana ysern y o6snp xa;1a ce roBopfi o xyM-
cKuM rrpe/IeJruMa rrcrorruo oA Heperee; r6I,IxoB noJrltruvxu paaeoj, r[ax ce, 4e,rom u 6ulno,
pa3-'ruKoBao o.q o6lacrn na Aecnoj o6aln re pexe. Eocna he, ua npumepJ KoHTIrHynpaHo ol 1326.
roqlrue Aplr{arrr rai Aeo Xymcre 3eMJ6e noA ceojoiu n:raurhy. fla r.r s,'Iact Her,(a}6aha, no cnoj
flpfinrlurrr yBeK ce ueuocpe4nuje Mopana ocehatu Ao l{epetee, Hero npexo }be, Kao t'r Koca'ra
oA rloqerr{a XV ecxa rra Ha,qaJbe. Cee ro, HapaBHoJ unje uorlo ocrarfi 6es oApa3a n gy6:rrx
cyrrrrr.rHciux npoueua y calroj $rrsuonomujz noMerryror xpaja. C:ryuaj Tpe6uraa Mox{e ce y3erlr
r{ao Bpno noyqau npr.rmep. Ha:ragehu ce o,q paHrix BeKoBa $eyganusna roroBo Henpexl{.qxo y
cacr,lBy Cp6uje, rre(a,qaurlt,a apxoaraja Tpaeynnja BpeMeHoM he r.rsry6rrrn cee arpz6.'rzre never
noce6nor, .qa 6u ce uajsag rperlrpa,{a Kao o6u'rsa >xyna (Ciionertullu cpiicKu II, 155; Thal-
-
L.czy, Studien,426; cp. Aunnh, 3enne xepqeza,180).
 Xymcxa selrrsa 249

fiecra o6a:ra HeperBe rpy)rcaJla ie 3uarHo rIoBoJbHIzie ycJroBe. Cama pexa

MOrJra je, napouzro oHAa, rlpeAcraBJbarrr Aocra cl4rypaH ocJroHaII sa og6pauy
ca vcroKa, gox je IIJISAHA paBHvIIa oxo Tpe6Urrara UppI(aJIa sa re ZHatIe rrocqe
KpaieBe peJlarr{Buo oAnlrqHe ycJroBe 3a upllBpeAHo-ApylrrrBenv pasnoj . 3ua-
uajnz rpr fipnjena Ha Aecsoj o6alu gone HeperBe Kao HeupecyxHl\ trsBop
l' $zuancujcxril rI marepLrjanrulx go6apa Mopa Aa je u cam oAl4rpao IrSBaHpeAHo
I suauajHy yJrory Aa ce 6aru ry, y rberoBoi 6nusuuu, nperrecrl4 cpeAl'Iurre Xymcxe
seMJbe. V ceeuy rax exououcKux $aKropa rpe6aro 6u csaxaxo rJIeAarIz KoJIrrKo
L

I
Ha ycroH roJrlrKo Ir Ha BeKoBHO OAp}I(aIIe [opo,quqe Eypfeeuha-Pagueojenuha-
Bnarxoezha, wrjlrnn he upegctaeHr{Illrma 6alr Y XV nexy nuje 6es snauaia
- Iuro
I

t Ha3rrB ,,XyMcKu" Bpno qecro [ocrarrr rlpocro cacraBHv Aeo nI4r{HI'Ix uMeHa.158
-
158 Cp. Monurnenta serbica,480, 495, 538, 542, 572; iottt 26. VIII J524. y jeqnon axry
L
he ce sa tr4nanuureey hepxy Bapeapy Hanr.{carrr la ie filia quondam comitis Juanissii Vlatchovich
domini Chumanie (Proc. notariae XIV, 24'). Karc je peu o Xyrrrcxoj 3eMrE'LI 3araAHo oA He-
peTBe, MolrCAa 6r.r rpe6a:ro cxpeHyTi.{ na}K}r,y Ha jorU I{eKe oxoJluoctn. Oea repnropnja he ce
jou y X eexy uahr, xao urto ce sua, jegno Bpe6e y py1aMa Cpncgor Bla4apa flerpa lojunxonnha;
xpajenr nax XII eexa I,I Ha noqerl{y XIII y rsoi Hanasuno yrapcror .qyKy Anapuiy Chulme-
-
quedux (Codexdiplomaticusll,29314E,);1237.y Xyrrrcxysemry jenpoBarlxorcaycrexoMrr3-
rrreAa, yrapc1o-xpBaTcr{u xepqer KolomaH (.(ltruh, Tpu fioaene,92), a 1254. rolluHe II xyMcKII
>xynau PaAoc.nae, xojn je rlrefy ApyrnM ,qpx{ao 14 tr4morcxv, 6xhe ,rB€9hNl'l KdTThBENHKL<< yrap-
c1or Kpa;ba l,r y caBe3y ca .{y6ponnuxolr r.r 6yrapcxr.rM rlapem Acenom nportrB xpa:ta Vpoura
(Cruapi cpficqe toserbe u ilucna I, l, 25-28). y XIV nexy Vrapcxa he uoA Jlaioruen ravHo
uempr eexa (1357-1382) gpx{aru 3anaAny xyMcxy o6:racr, Aa 6n ce 4oquzje, no Can4areeoj
cinrpru 1435 u,rlajoruee HacneAHrrx, )KlrrmyHg, nojaeuo Kao rocnoAap rnx o6lacrz. Tpn-
-
AeceT roAr4Ha
-
Aorlsuje, 1465, Vrpu he ce jour jegnom, y I.I3MeI5eHIrM npdJluxaMa 14 Ha no3I{B
xepqera Crjenaua, nojaeuru y Aotruulr Hepetee, na 6u sa yruhy oee nocJreArr'e ocranu cBe Ao
,qeBe,qecerr,rx roAuHa ro;a BeKa, y3any,qno noxyuranaiyhu Aa 3a,qpx(e najesgy Ocmax:rzja. V
xpaieeunna 3anaAHo oq Heperee a H npexo rt,e noxynrahe Aa ce yllBpcre u IIIy6uhu xpajerrr
XIII n Ha rror{erKy XIV eexa, a- Aa ro uNje 6zo -cano 6e:ycneurau uoxyruaj z ,,o6pauyHaeame
npexo rnryna" xaro je Mlrcrrl{o Jupeuex (Ilcutopuja Cp6a 12 , 200) u, no l6e[1y, n Eopoelrh (&-
cutopuja Eocue, 217, 234), calaje cacnun y6eg:r'ano rroxa3aHo (.[usuh, Contes Constantinus,
5 u ,q.). CroraHy roAxna Aoqunje, y rom xpajy HaJra3[Mo eojaogy 6ocaucxor Ir AyRy cflJrlrrcxor
Xpeoja (Ausuh, Tpz fipujeea, 125-1'26), a jour rpu Aerlesuie Aorrsnje y rero 7434 u
rserosor cr{HoBr{a Jypia Bofca:ruha (Roposuh, Xuciiopuja Bocue,445)'- Carvra Kpaiuua,- xao
rrro c1lro BlrAeJru, 1452. sautna ce y pyxaMa Mneuaua, a ry nx rroHoBo rraJla3rrmo u 1465 (,4usuh,
Tpe ,[,pujeaa,l40). paseoja y o6:ractu 3anaAHo o,q Heperee, KaKo ce neh na npeu
norneA ruru, 6uila-.[r.tHamaxa
ie suarno 6ypHuja Hero y Hcrotruoj xyrrrcxoj o6:racru. flaAa, npe cBera, y
oq11 c(opo [epMaHeHTHo ,,ilHTepecoBalie" Vrapcxe sa onaj xpaj y fe4uo,r,r Ayrom BpeMencKo.ll{ l
fleplrojly oA ABa a no cro:reha. .(a cy oeu yrapcfia rrJraHoBr,r yocranoM Kao u nJIaHoBu 6ocancxe
!r xpBarcKe BJracrene vwaIru qecro ,,oxynaqlronu" xapaxtep,- y ro, HapaBHo, ne rpe6a cym-
-
n aru. ,rlajolr ie, Aoayile, cnojy axqajy xalry$napao @opmynorrt ,,mupasa" ye Je,rucanery, anv
je ouurregno, no cBelry, ga je ro u3Beo no npary iauera, clrrot\'I Marra, Aax,re. JlaioureB npe-
ae(cr sa 3ay3rrMarse sarraAHe xygcKe odlactn 14 lteroBa peJraruBHo Ayra BnaAaBuHa rum r{pa)eM
HaO Aa Cy Ha yrapCKOM ABopy CTBOpIIJIII yBepeE,e O IIeKaRBOM Ir'UxoBoM IerI'rTuMHoM npaBy
rra Halomfedld, ua he joru npe CanAareee cMprn HpaJr, )Kurrrryg onoMurrarlr Aa ce 3Ha KaKo
je ra o6racr, ca ApyrrrMa y cyceAcrBy, rrpfinaAana Jlajouy, a Aa ce ra.qa 1433 xpajeeu
}.larase ,,occupdl.ze tenentur per regem Bosniae et Bosnenses (36opuux -Wnapuoua -:ruPynapqa I,
495; Goposuh, Xucilropuja 6ocue,447). Ka.qa ie ycropo CanAan, ympo mapra 1435 Xur-
-
rrriuq je oAmax crynr4o y axunjy, xoja xao,qa N nr.rje HMaJra Hexrr Apyrl4- UIIJL' Hero ManreHe Aa
3arrrrr,rrn r.r ,,cauyea" concrBeuy 6anrrnny, y uenny je rrMao npoJra3rror ycnexa. A.nn, je4an gpyru
acfieKT qnraBor ror [oAyxBata je rrrHoro sanwm:lurnja. flo CanAa:r'esoj cl',rptu gour:ro ie 3anaAHo
og Heperee go no6yue xyMcxe BJracrene. X{zrmyHg je neh 31. III uucao,[y6posuauuma Aa rlo-
MorHy vcraHrrxe, xoju cy HeHaA 6rl:ru yrapcxn noAaHzuI,I u caA To rIoHoBo )r(eJle Aa nocraHy
(Dipl. Ragusanum, 391-2; Toponuh, Xuctaopuja Eocue, 447). V nero flperxo,qHe roAuHe,
1434, u Jypaj Bojca,u.rh je nosuarom ceojom noneron PaAllsojeeuhmta, sa xojy ce He ltlorxe
250 Beran Tpnxonuh

Hexa cxearalla LI3Hera y [peAXoAHoM t43naralr,y, Tarrua, i]ro)I(Aa) y Hai-

ortulruiem cmrrcJry, Kao oKBI{p) rr Kao rengeuquja ue 6rr ce, urrax) nlorJla
- qBpcr
aflconyrrl3oBar'r Ao re M.epe ,4a 6n ce nlorao r.I3Becrrr saKJbyr{aK: KaKo ce
Xylrcxa 3eMJE,a roKorr BeKoBa) peKno 6u ce, cBa ,,frpeceJrl{Jra" Ha ,{ecHy o6a.lry
Heperee. 3ax.rryvax 6u, ,qogylre, 6no useegeH Ha ocHoBy u3BopHux noAaraxa
roju ra Bpno cyrecrzeno IraMehy, anu 3aro r{Ma Ir,qox}meHara rrcre u3BopHe
BpeAHocrr{ r{oiH ra, nefyrun, c4cBI{r'fI o46aqyjy. Cam xepqer he, ua rpui\tep,
y roneHyrorr aKry rouuperba 19. VII 1453 je eeh
- rrocJre e.nacreJre,xojoj
no6yrie o
6ruo peuz, [opeA ]r{eHe JeneHe, - Blaguc;raea u najsna:rHuje c[o]ieHyrl{
,,h ett/du naearrHurt.ut dr.oAE,flh xs,ncK€ sEAlAjt ... 1.r c 0WBEH li c owHEl.l
HHHIf/ilh
c'rgdNc Nrgrrr.6".r;s I{axo je [or(eHyra uo6yna, Kao lrrro je ltcraxuyro,
3axBarrrxa repuropujy og Kpajnne npexo B,rraraja Ao Apnua.rreBa
ro nogpyuje, rpyro He * xepqeroBe pequ 6u ce lroue: A&KJr€r y3erll Kao - ucacBlrrll
caMo

crrrypaH .qoKa3 ga je rr o6nacr o,4 Heperse go ,flprrue claAana y Xyncxy 3ellJby.

A.nrr uucy cBr.r r{3BopHrI noAaIIlI jacrut u pa3ymJbrlB}r xao onaj uperxoguz. Xma
rrx r{ raKBux xoju ce He rior} JIaHo yl{noilrrrlr rrl\ y jeluy, Hrr y Apyry ,,I(oHIlefI-
rlrliy". 15.I 1404, cxnauajyfiz caBe3 ca ,{y6poenuxorr rIporI{B KpaJr,a Ocroie,
nojnoga Xpnoje gao je o6ehart,e Aa he ,,ABHTHSTH BoHcKt Ndlxt H noc/dTn E

Itgh3h N6gET,rB8 8 X8,{dCK8 3t,rld,ls, H T8il Ed Hile X9ilC'r080 IlpotBHT[l H npoFd-

Adt.ttH FocnoAHNd Ilaeaa Pa4uuuht Kgaara EocHacxola".160 O6zqno ce y3uua
,qa je 6ocaucxrr eojeoga n'{r{cJruo Harlacrl{ ca ceBepa - roBerby ie rrsgao
y 3neuajy .... r{a rop}6y Heperey, uro 6rr oner 6uo AoKa3 Aa je ry, ua ropmoj
Hepereu, 6utau rpaHurla Xyucxe 3errJle. Camo, ga ml je y Kpaiy ono l{onulla
a Heeecrlrba flaBne ltaAurush r\rolao 6urn npor':rarrleH 3a 6ocancxor rtpa.n'a?
Ilteronu [oceAlr HaJra3unu cy ce 3anaA]ro og Heperne. KaAa ce oH, flan.ne, y6pso
rroron 6y4e uor'ruprro ca Kpatlelr Ocrojolr, oeaj noc:regrrtl he x\y y 3alleHy oAy3erl'r
Bucyhu ca npznopjell oKo rr,efa, aJltr Lre 11}/ norBpAlrrIr 6alrlrzue oxo .[yeHa

3HaTrr Aa sru jeu

ocTBapeHa, noTBpAIlo ,rNilXh n,{Ed.lENH'I0 lUT0 h/tlh BHIUE 0Y380 B0tBOAd
Gal4aar" (3ax. c{io.ueuut1u,338).,{o Hajeehe no6yne ,,xymcxe", gour,ro je, uefyrun, 1452-
1453. Besyjyhu ycnex cuoje creapusa J[y6poeuane -xoju cy H camr. eojnauxu 6utru cta6u,u
6ocancxor KpaJba, xoju ce aKTr.rBHo nuje :anoxc.ro XymrsaHu cy rocrnrJlrr caMo AeJrrrmrlqau lr
Brrue 11pHBr.rAaH ycrex, Vrapcxe rrere, 3ay3ere ua- .qpyroj crpaHr'r, Hucy ce ror nyra loiaalrle
rpaj Heperee, naxo cy ,{y6poBqaHrr joru npe no6yne nonurr rbalru rt Ha rLuxoBy nonoh (DipI.. Ra-
gt6anun1, 507). Ha ocrroBy cBera rrrro je n::rorxeHo, BrrAu ce, rtao Aa ur\ta rr3Beculrx nHAIrrIrIJa Ha
ocHoBy xojux 6u ce MorJro nomrrlunarrr ,qa neprroAr{qnlr npoAoplr ,,ctpanax" cIrJIa y 3arrarHlr
Aeo Xyncxe 3er\tJrre, xpaj crer ocnajauxor y ce6u, MoixAa Hucy ynex usroferrF rlr 6ce Ir3BecHor
,qocnyxa ca yHyrpaunr{M clraraMa Ha rom Tepeqy. Axo je xpar Ocroja 1417. yeeo y 3a[rrury
Byrvuhe y l{pajnuu og ,,Xyn:laua", sap nHje Morao oBe [ocnc]lI6e Aa rrrrr.rrrr Ro npyrr4 oA
Koca.ra? 3auun:l'uso ie ucrahu, y Be3u c ru.uJ u qulr,eHHqy ga je H sa Bpeme Jlajoureec BJracrrr
-
y ro11 Aeny Xyncxe 3eMJl,e, [opeA rnaBrror KpaJbeBor rrpeAcraBlrtxa 6ana.{allrraquje n Xpeat-
-
ire,nocrojaor{xy^{cr{ur{Hes-contediterradiChelmo (Iluc.wauyttyilic6tea,4l3;cp.lt.[urrrlh,
Tpe,[pujeaa,124),a je4noncecnomrrrreu voyvoda terre Chelmi, urogomahrl uonex (Monu-
menta ragtrsina lY, 112). Haisa,q u ,,KJreTBeHurrrreo" yrapcxoM KpaJby )r(yrraHa xymcxor Parlo-
c'€;va (1254), y cBerJrocrr.r oBar{Bor rJreAarsaj Mo}r(e ce cxBarlrrtl r{oJrrrRo Kao aKT noHopl{ocrlr
jauerrr ro:ruxo h :|.ao iipetuuociltaenarce jeAnor x:rerseHrllrlTBa yrapcKoM RpaJ6y, ApyfoM
cpncxom KpaJL,y, [porlrBy xora je .rax 6no cnpelrau a ga paryie- ca ,[y6poruaxnma n Byrapuma.
-
15s Monuntenta serbica, 457-458.
L6o \4cro, 252.
 Xymcxa semna 251

u l.rramoqa.lut fluAu y oqu Aa he z cam Xpnoje, Ka,qa re roAr{He 6y4e s6avgr Oc-
Toia, sarocrrotrapLfir4 6ap je4uunr AeJroM Xymcxe 3emJr,e sarraAuo og Heperne.l62
Y rom 6z Npajy, AaKJre, uajnpupoguzje mouo gohn - Aa ce caBe3 cnpoBeo
y Aeno Kao rrrro nnje z Ao flaenoBor rrpornaurerba 3a KpaJra Eocne. Oeaxnoj
rBpAr6r4 ue 6u ruopao-Aa [porrrBpequ Hr{ AoKyMeHar xoju je naeegerr, cano 6u
y roM cryuajy Xproje ABa nyra rpena3uo pexy Heperny, jegnon HerAe KoA
Korrur{a, a Apyfv nyr no ceoj npznuqu r{oA AaHarrrE,er Mocrapa, r,4e je ,qoucra
morao yhz ,,ngnsh Hfg!'ras8" y npaBy xSndcKS stlildi8. I4 uo oso^r [oAarKy,
AaKJre, axo ce [pvxBaru lpeAJro]fieua rrHTeplper4tluja, o6racr usnely roprre
Heperee z Mocrapa, Kao Irrro ce BHAr4, rr3Mrrqe ,,Belrro" jegnou o,4pelleuon
3axJbyqny: Aa Jrrr je 6wta,,xynrcKa" rrJru He. Hajsag, rrorpe6uo je uctahn 4a je
aojeoga Xproje nnorao npehlr Heperey z r{s npaBrla sa[aA-Ircror{. V rolr c:ryuajy
r{ pe3yJrrar 6u 6vo, HapaBHo, cyflporan: Ao rporJrallerra flaBna Pagurunha sa
6ocaucxor KpaJEa Aolrrno 6u ncro.rHo og Heperee. Taxroj uoryhuocrn I{ao ,qa
uge y rrpunor v oKoJruocr ruro ce uoMeuyrn PaArrruuh TaAa Hana3uo Kao npe-
6er.nzrla y .[y6poeulrxy.
Mo>xra ie jour u aex{e, mefyrlm, cxBarr.rrrr Apyrur jeAau AoxyueHar oner
y Be3u ca Hepereou. 28. I 1450. gy6poeauxrz rocnaHhr{rl noA xepqera iltlcaJri.I
cy us Kyrma * KoA flmenara r{ rpaxhJrrr caBer KaKo ,qa rlocryne axo oraj
-- xepqer 6yle lourao -
ca eojcxom lporuB 6ocaucxor KpaJLa ,,u gpyrux",
ga nu rpe6a- Aa ra npare. BraAa un je o4roeopuna: che andando lui (cherzech)
verso loste soa o cum loste aerso Chelmo voiamo debiate caualcar a compagnan-
dolo in fina a Narerua et li
vignando alla fiumara pehu he xepqery ga He
- in bataia
Mory AaJr,e, jep ce rrocnanrrrlt4Ma He rrpunuqn andar ne dove se para
loste tra li signori et amici nostri.163 Kyxan, - AaKJre, ruje upuua4ao Xyiiry
je cacorrn pa3yrrJbl{Bo * jep je xepqer oAarJre rex HauepaBao Aa ce yIIyrIr
verso Chelmo. V6uxaunia oeor ,,XyMa", Kao Irrro ce BIr,qI{, 3aBrlcu o,II rora
rAe ce oqeKrrBana ,,la bataia" zsuefy xeprlera r{ KpaJra Tonaura. Aa ;rH rlpexo
ropIr'e Heperne y 6r.r cryvajy npeAeo Hcror{Ho (u jpxno) og re pexe 6rro
cuarpaH 3a xyrlrcKn- Kon r{JuI je go 6nrxe rpe6aro ,4ohu sanagHo oll cpeAile He-
perBe, ua 6u ce oHAa - rr jegna n ,qpyra o6ara lrorJle parryHarv y Xy,'rcr<y 3errJr'y.
flprrenaue HaIrIy ilalr(rby Iz HeKu [oAaI{I4 gpyrauuje Bpcre. Ha ocroey
truEeuurle, Harnre, Aa ce ceBepoucroqHo og Korszqa ,,y rroApyr{iy Po,4o6o:le"
Hana3e rorroHlnru Paruxa crpaHa, Paurxn .[o.n, EocaucKa flnaHrrHa, sarurt Pa3-
npruhe cy ABa, znax gujamerpanno cyilporHa 3aKJbyqxa: KaI{o ce
- L\sBeAeHa
Molxe ,,ur{puo rBp.qtrru, Aa cy crape palrrKe rpaHl{ue (sa craprruy roBoplt ynpaBo
raj uasrre pauxu) Aonupane Ao rrJraHr{Ha Ha [crorrHoj ctpanu xtyue Heperee",
a cauo xojy peuennqy npe rora jacHo je pe.reuo Aa rpaHully ,,zsr'te!y Eocre u
XyMcKe Aplr(aBe rruHr{Jra je Heperea'( 1164 TaqHo he 6urrr, HapaBHo
I'I3Herrrx AoKa3a
- Ha ocHoBy
caMo rrpBo tllr4rrrJbelr'e, jep ce ,,xyt[cKo" u ,,patuKo" Hul(alto
-
He Mory rrgenrx$uxoearrr.
Bp"Aatt ie cnorwena I{ rorrorrpl\{. Ilopum 6pao BucoKo 1246 m Heluro
- cMa-
ceeepuuje og 6raraja, Ha [yry sa Korbaq. 3a- mera ce Ka]I{e Aa ,,je orture

76r CtTtape cpiicxe iioeeme u frucua I, 7, 434.

162
,[unuh, T1>z !,pujeea, 125-126: Eopoeuh, Xucutopuja Eocue, 386.
163 Lett. di Levante XIV, 27'.
16{ liopoeuh, Teputuopua,uru paseoj, 11.
)\) Be:ran Tpnxoauh

TpaHo rpaHwloltir u3Juehy xyua u Bocue, t{aKo ce [paBa rroJrrrrrlrrKa rpaHnqa

HaJra3vtra c oHe crpaHe reulKot fIJraHLIHcKof [ponaSa KoA KoELrqac'.165 I43 ap-
XtrBcKI{x uoAaraKa (gy6poeauxl{x, HapaBHo), xojri ce HaBo.qe y3 lpeArr,y rBp,qr6y,
Aor{cra ce crr{qe yrzcaK ga je flopzM crBapHo npeAcraBJb?o HeKaKaB rpaHrrqHr{
IyHKT, aJrrr KaKaB, ro ce HVrAe r.rspuqr.Iro He Kaxe. Barxno ie, mefyrum, t4crahr{
Aa ce rI AaHac 3a craHoBHLIKe jyrxuo oA lLera, lpeMa Enarajy u .I[,y6paeama,
Kalxe Aa cy Xpnrraqrr, AoK he ce sa ErrxoBe HeBecvrbcKe cyceAe yeex pehu
- lpuarz.l8o

3aruru*,ueo je sagpxraru ce rr Ha rrcrouuoj rpaHvrlu Xymcxe eelule, Beh

je zcraxuyro * y Halra eeh go6po nosuaroj uncrpyxqzjz oa 18. III 1405 -.-
ga ry gy6poBaqKrr [ocnaHr4rlrr nrraJru nahn Canga,'na Xpanuha y Xy,lrcHoj semJr,rr,
- infiny in Drinayena. 15. VIII 1451. xepqeroB crrH
ue npe.nasehr.r Korruq
Bnagucnae je ,,8 f,gHHaa[88('167 najeehoj raiHocru cKJro[uo caBes ca ,4y6poe-
HITKoM rporrrB cBor oIIa. KaAa xojz Meceq AorlHl{ie 6yAe orrrorreJra no6yna
nporr.IBy xeprlera xoja je, usr.rega, 6una vspa3nTo ,,xymcKor" KapaxTepa
rpaA Tofenaq y- .[pzuameey npehv he y pyxe xepqeroBrrx uporneuuxa neh
-npBor gana. V raj xpaj, xao uajr.rcrouuujy rauxy Xy,r,rcxe 3eMJbe, BlrAeJrrr cuo,
Bo.qr{ Hac rz go6po o6aeeurreHu Op6unz fin' h Sutiescha. C 4pyre crpaHe,
- 1373
3a rrraHuHy {enepno, y 6nusuuu ...- Br{coKa m
- pehu he ce Aa [peAcraBJba
,,eo4ogiennzqy usnrefy Ja4paucxor z l{puor Mopa", Kao rr Aa ce y apxuecxoj
rpallr cnom[rbe oA 143 I ,,ynujeK Kao rnaBua rpaHr{rla(<.168 Ii[3 cBera r{3Jro}xeHor)
165
Jr.rpevex, Tpeoeauxu iiyfreau, 294 u uan, 2'70.
166 Cp. Yego, Naselja,47.
r87 Cmape cpilcxe iloeene u ilucua l, 2,124, 127. LIs rnryrre xepqera Crjenana I'0CI|O-
Adgh xSalhcxu H npu/HoghcKH KNgg AgHNhcKn jour fanxulrh je sar;r,yvueao ga ,,ro- uoxasyje
-
KoJrrrxo roJrrrro AoKJre ce Ha rrcrox rrpyx(a,rra xymcxa 3emJr,a, rj. najrrnarre Ao r{3Bopa (!) pajexe
Ipune", Pjeunnr I43 xrtrr)r(eBnrrx craprrua cprrcKrrx III,416; cp. u Diplomatarium Ragu-
sanum, 507.
168
Jrpeuer, Tpzoaauxu fryfreeu,289 u nar,. 254. y pary .{y6poavaHa ca xepqeron Crje-
[aHoM Ir no6yne B.nagrzcnaea z xymcxe BJracreJre, jyna 1452, fiperoBapano ce Aa ce 6ocancxortl
KpaJby ycryrru rpag E:raraj, anrr reK noruro 6u oH, KpaJb, ceojom axqujom rrporrrB xepqera rlaqrr-
uuo BraAvc.naBa rocrroAapoM repr'rtopuje de Cemerno fin ala marina; peu je ceaxaxo o r.rcrovnoj
xyr'rcxoj o6,tacrr, sa xojy je eeh nanomeHyTo- Aa nlrje 6u:ra saxeaheHa ycTaHKoM rrpoTuB xepqera,
a axo je rar{o, oHAa 6u, suauu,3arroceAarbem u te o6nactlr, BnaAlrcJrae oxyn}ro uog cnojom ela-
urhy cee xyMcxe npeAeJre, nouro je eeh gp>lcao xpajeee 3anaAHo og Heperee, Cam E:raraj, r<axo
ceBv4rt, naruao 6lr ce BaH rroMenyrrrx,,xymcnrrx" xom6nnaqr.rja, Huie jacno, uefytrm, rura 6u .}
6u.no ca ocraJroM repvropn jon oA F,rara ja npelra Korr,uqy. ,{a nn 6u u *y 4o6zo 6ocaucxu xpa:r, ?
Jaxo na,qa y oqrr lrvlr,eHarla ,qa ie 3a ,,rrcroqHrr Xym" lr:ru ,,jesrpo" Xymcxe 3eMJle rr ,,crapo"
3axyrr,ur'e ynorpe6:r'eu Barrre AecKprrlraBaH r.rspas ,,de Cemerno fin ala marina" ! Kao nexa
rpanrrqHa -taura, 9elrepuo ce cnoMrrr+e n y cyxo6y Pagoc;raea Ilaeroeuha ca ,fly6poeuanurrra
{1430-1432). Onu noc,regn'[ cy ce Hapoquro 6vnlr onomu,rIl Ha rro3Hary rpe6uncxy BJracreJry
Jby6r6paurhe, rra cy y CBI{M rrperoBoprrMa Kao jegan o4 6urnrax yc:roea aa rpaiuuju nup rrcrrrrlarn
norpe6y Aa ce oulr nsarHajy ,,3a cBa BpeMerra ca xyMcr(or 3eMJbrrrlra , . . us Xyma . . . as Tpe-
6uwau Xyma . . . Ir3 r{uraBe Bocue", C. Truhelka, Konaxoski rdl, Glasnik Zemaljskog muzeja
XXIX-XXX (1917) 158, 168, 170,201 ; jegnom rpunr{Kom je rpaxreuo ga,,la progenie de
Gliubibratichi non stiano ne possino habitare in terra de Chelmo fin in Zenta (Lett. di Levante
X, 174'-175), a Ap.yro,\r, nax:,qa ce,Iby6n6parzhurrra,,ne dozvoli stanovati u Trebinju, niti
igdje s oau stanu Cemerna" (Truhelka, Konaaoski rat,200),
 Xymcxa seu.ra 2s3

Kao IrITo ce Bvr4vr, u3fneAa Hr4lrrra JraKlrre Hero 3aKJbyr{I4rH Aa ce ry HerAe, y

Kpaiy oKo AaHac Beh JrereHAapHe C1'r'jecxe, HeKaAa 3aBpruaBana u XyMcKa 3eM-
Jba. na u[aK, r{]\Ia ce }'rr{caK Aa y rllreparypr\ HnieAHa rpaHlrqHa xyMcKa Meba
HEie raKlue npeKopaqnBaHa I{onI{Ho oBa r{emepuy z Cyrjecqn.loe Des
- Ha
I,rKaKBa .qoKa3a He, HapaBHo, a TJIaBHII 6u 6uo onaj nosuarv KparKI,I Har[rrc y
rIpKBrr ce. fletpa u fIaeJIa y Eujenom flo.rry: t cHHr 3arr4unr .l fi,ttrNr^th
g.lBh Eo)t{t G.nfrnaNr, rilrpocaarr KNr3h xrralril<t.170 Kao Irrro je nosnaro, y
ry he qpxny upehu sa BnaAe KpaJba Vpoura z cegr{rure xymcKe enucxonuje.I{
jeguo u Apyro, lrefyruu u Har[Hc ]r ce,4l{rrrre enncxouvje
- He Irlory HrI
ce
upu6nr.Dxno y3r{rrarrr Kao - cfirypaH ,qoKas Aa ce XyMcKa se]liJba [pore3ana Ao
Errjenor flo,ra. Og xpajnzx rroryhux raqaKa Ha r{croKy Xymcxe sem.rre, r{e-
Mepua z Cyrjecxe, Ao AoJrrlHe JILInna u Eujenor florsa npocropHa yAaJbeHocr
je ronuxo BeJrrrKa Aa ce eeh yHarpeA mopajy og6aqHrn cee xo^r6uuaquje ca
rpaHrrrlorr Xyncxe setrrJbe Ao ror nogpyuja. Taxey MoryhHocr oAnyquo oA-
6aqyjy rr cBe ,qpyre no3Hare qurbeuulre. A sa Harnllc KHesa Ml{pocnaBa Ir IrpKBy
cn. flerpa !r flaera Kao ceAulrrre xymcKe erl{cKorrlie mopajy ce rpa}Kl{rrr Apyta
pemerba.

Ca Aalexo MaI6e pa3rrofa 6u ce n.lorJro loMrnuJbarrr Aa ce ,,vcxJbyut4" tI3

3er\'.Jr,e u o6nacr crapora 3axymrra gorre Heperee, ,[y6po-
Xymcxe
- zsnrely
BHr.IKa, Tpe6rtra u laqxa. ?Icruua, BpemeHort cy ce nplrJrlrxe r[Horo r{3xreHvne:
repuropuja je 6rrruo cMalbeHa, a fioJrr{rnqra cauocraJrrrocr eeh rroJroBuHoir
XIII nexa, nJrr4 Heluro goquuje, cxplueHa. CAuo xyucxo LIMe he ce, ilebyrl.I\{.,
no unepqaju iaxe rpa4uqrrje, jour Ayro BpeMeHa Ap)r{arv. Tacoeuuhrl, na
rrprrmep, na neeoj o6a;rz Heperee, 1336. uepzulrro ce cromvlr'y ga cy y Xy,ny
Tassovich de Chelmo.ur Huje 6es 3Haqaja Aa ce n Tnprxo f, z uocre ycry-
-
nalLa xyA".cKrrx xpajeea sanaAHo og Heperne Vrapcxoj, 1366. cam v nalbe rv-
Tynque Kao,,xdhi.thcKn l'ocnoAnuh'c1?2, AoK he ce 1380 jour sa rtllBora
-,4axre,
16e l; cp. u P. I,Iranoeuh, Cpedttooexoeuu 6awiltuucxu iiocedu Xyncxoz eilap-
BrlAn nan.
I4cropucxlr qacoruc IX-X (1 959) 79.
xucKoe sracine,tuuciiaa,
r?0 B. Eopoeuh, Ilutfiarce o xpouo.aozuju y detuua Ce. Caee,logr.rurrsuqa XLIX (1940)
23, Haule cer TaKo, na foru no xojr.r AoHyMeHar, x cacBilM iacne cagp>r<uue, xoju, melyrum, axo
ce AocrroBgo cxBaru, Moxre Aa oABeAe Ao ancyp.qHux 3axrbyilaxa. 12.|V 1399.,{y6poevanu
cy o,qJryr{r4Jrn Aa ynyre rrocJragr{Ke 6ocancxom Kpa.rBy in terram Chelmi usque Katharum
-
(Notes et extraits lI,79), n3 rrerar HapaBHor ulrjegan os6IrJ6aH ucropvqap nehe repgvtz ga je
Xymcxa 3eMr6a Aorrupa.na ,qo Ko:ropa, Kao rrrro nehe pehu rru Aa je ,,cijela Hercegovina drZana
za hrvatsku" u3 rrurgeHur{e Aa yrapc(r{ rpa.n Maruia Kopeun Ha jegnonr Mecry n3pnquro Ra)I{e
castri nostri Pochitel vocati in regno nostro Croacie (Diplomatarium Ragusanum,628) a raxo
-ce yrpaBo rnp4n (Napretkova Pooiest hraatskih zemalja Bosnei Hercegooine I,791,uan.7); - ea
Xymcxy 3eMr'y cum tota Maronia, rull]e Lr Tolta, cn,rurcxu apxxfaron, aa je npfinaAana
-
KpaJbeBcrBy ,Il,a:rmaur.rie n Xpearcxe (Thomas Archidiaconus, Historia salonitana ed. F. Radki,
Zagrabiae 1894,41), a,rr.r je eeh Jlyunh npurueruo (Storia del Regno,409) aa je taxo nocryn.:r,eno,
jep je y epeme Tor're apxzfaxoua essa (Culmia) dipendava dal magistralo ungarico governante
la Croazia e la Dalmazia, e ancora perchd la era sotto la giuristizione del vescovo di Mararsca,
suffraganeo della chiesa di Spalato.
r?L Monumenta "agusina Y, 392.
r72 Dj. Surmin, Hrvatski spomenici, Zagreb 1898, 83-84; cp. Eoponuh, Kpa.nTepfrxo
I l{oi7po,uauuh, 18, 23.
 2s4 Be;r,an Tpnxoeuh

Jlajorrra Ha3uBaru Kao KpaJb, nopeA ocraJror rt Xdhfihcq,li Srauar.l?B A Aa

Huje 6ruo- locpeAn rrpa3Ho rrlryJrvcane, rro]KAa ce naj6ome BHAlr r{3 r.rHcrpyx-
uuje ly6poBrraHa og25. r 1375. Aa rbrrxoBu rocnaHr.rqa He cuejy npattzttz 6o-
caHcKor 6ana ,,alli parti de Chelmo", nero he ce rr3BrzHurlr u Aohu y .[y6poeullx
-Eau
,,per l4 via de Narento((l?A AecHoM o6anolr Heperee. teprxo
- AaKJre,
je necyinrrrleo raAa rruao y ouaj 4eo xy*cKu r4croqHo o4 H"p"tra, H To rro
ceoj lrpz-rruqu 6;rrarNe _fly6poenrrxy, s6or cyxo6a- ca Gypfem Ba:rurrrhem, xoju
je gp>rao Kouae.ne, 'l'pe6ume n .[pauewrqy.1t5 ,{y6poeuaHrr cy us 6ojasuu
o.1 Er:rurrrha v ynyrrrfir{ oHaKBy uucrpyxqnjy cnojnm locJraHurlzma.
tr{ rxyuan caHxo he cuolrunaru y jegnom cBoM nuclry ,,Xyufi,aHe"l?0,
a rsefoBof caua Paguua HaJra3lrrro y neh nolrzEauoj rroBeJba KpaJba ocroje
oa 8. XII 1400. xao cBeAoKa ,,oAh xydlcrE lertAe,,, a Cangama ,,oAr sot6r,,!r?z
20. rr 1415, [oroBcKo]l1 rHesy ByHocaruhy,.[y6poevanz he nr.rcarz Aa ce Mo}I(e
cKJlorrnru ca r{Marbet\r y croH, narnaruaeajyhu Aa ro r{zHe lt .qpyroj ,,f0cfto4H
x,rh,nhcxoH".178 Jorrr 1465. roguue, [pe]!ra rtoBeJr,rr Maruje Koperrua
Spa Anex-
caH,qpy, AaHaurrba ce;ra lnu.nzlrrre r{ ilosnrqa ,,jyrxno o4 yruha Eperane y
Heperey", Hana3LIJra c)' ce ,,8 /r84il I x8,flcKon geNAH<-.71s

I{lra, uajsag, [r raKBr{x AoKymeHara xoju ceojom caAp}r{uHom rrpocro 3a-

npeuaruhyjy. Jep, no HeKrrMa oA r6ux, Hw ,,gvB;.{u,, rpag Enaral, sa xojrr he ce
6e:6poj uyra pehu ga je 6r.ro ,,rJraBHr{ rpa,q Xyilra.,r8i, ne 6u Hrz cuaAao y
Xy,ncr<y seiumy I -
173 f.racsux 3ena-r'cxor:rryseja IX (1898) 183; cp. G.opoeuh, I{patTapfrxo I Kotupo-
.uauuh,49.
r7allucue u ytiyu-cilea, 299.
_ ltt G.opoeuh, KpatTepruxo I Kofrponauuh, 39; cp. M.,(r.rauh, O HuxottuA'nnolrauo_
arrl4,, Iieorpag 1932, 28.
t'6 Cutape cpiicre uose.I,e u tlucua I, 1, 104.
r?7 A. Co.'roe jee, Oda6pautt cfroueuu4u
cpfjctioe ilpaea, EeorpaA 1926, 1gg.
1'-8 Cu.tape cpucKe uose.,be
u iucua I, 1,537.
r?e
Thall6czy, Stttdien, 426.
180 9ax u ga
ie E,raraj y ceun $aeama repuropnja,rnor paeeoja Xyrucxe seMir,e yna3uo
y rsen cacraB, TerrrKo Aa je u ranaue morao 6uru rJraBHrr rpag. Ha crpaHy lrlrrleHuqa ga je nojam
,rJ'IaBHor rpa4a" y cpeArberr Ber{y yonrrrre, IIa Il KoA nac xpaj*e penaizean. A:ru xa4 6z'ce
6aur fiucucruparo y rpararby ^3a*y**a
sa ,,rJraBHrrM" rpa,qom Hexagarurser rz 4oquuje ly*.*"
3eM,r6e ie ro uajnpe morao 6nrr.r a u 6r.ro je croH. cneurrerr y jelHom an6lrieury
-.oHtra
HOrrI rlly ie 3a oHa BpeMeHa [pyx{ao 3HarHe - - crpareruKo-nprBpeAHof Kapaxrepa,
[oroAHocrrr
Cron ie crBapHo uMao cBe ycnoBe Aa pano nocraue rr 3eMaJL,cKo .p"E"*r.. flo ononi t""o ya
no3Haror je uajnpe 6rl:ro ce4uurte l{aronr{qxe 6ucxynr.rje, a goqnuje u rrpaBocnaBHe erru-
1}5eluY
cxouuje. flo Op6uHujy, y Crouy je 6n,ra pesugenrluja Epauueojeeuha (Il regno'de gti Slal)i,391)
KO)Ii Cy yqrrHrrrrrr BaJbAa rrocne.qrcr.r noxFuaj Aa o6noee xyMcKy Aplr(aBy, 4ox je Bojzc;ran Boju-
nonlih, netttto ,qoqnrtje, r<ao Irrro je naeegeno, rr3pxqr,rro r"pglro n" p""fu Stagni esi sedes comi-
tum ctrelmi, ua je on, xao ro6ox<eu xyMcKr.r xues, uo.:rarao npaBo Ha ry replr"ropujy (eu;1rl Han.
141). Muoro je rexe, H3rrleAar uageojura,,raaeHo" necro xainuje rpo.tpu*r. apx.ur. kocaqa.
3a B'raraj .g, v Bpeue lllrxoBe BnaAaBrrHe, pehr jeAnom, go4ytri, au j. ,,""itrp!u xepqe-
roe rpal'" !g (C. G.upxonuh, Becutu Bpona da Jlaierc Kao u3lop sa ucmopujy 'Eoctte u gy'6poeiuxa,
Irctopr'rjcxu (racorrc XII-XIII, 1963, 185), urro je os or ino.ao 6uiu,"antr ro jour rre
,qa je 6uo u ,,r,raeuu" rpaA, rrpecroHrqa. 3a rpa4 coxo ,,Ha craBaMa fluee u Tape" eeh je peueno "rra.r"
Aa ,e 3ay3Mrao Kao HeKo ,,noqacHo mecro mefy cBLIM rpa,qots[ma" Kocava, a y ABa Maxa .rax ie
 Xy.,rrcxa sem:r,a 2s5

flpourrocr Bnaraja je r r.rnaue Hecyrrr*rrBo jegno og Hairai4HsrBenrrjux

rll{ralr,a Ha q\4raBoxl uo4pyujy o Korle pac[paB!'baMo r{ rrr{Hrr ce Kao Aa HlrcMo
y crarby Hr{ y3 Iloi\roh cevx rr3Bopa xoju ualr croje ua pacuonara]by foroBo
uujegHy nojegzHocr Be3aHy sa rbera Aa rroy3Aauo yrBpAuuo. -
Hexe senorrrqHocrrr y Be3u ca [or'reHyrlr]lr rpaAou Mo]nAa cy ce MorJre
yorrHrl{ eeh us ,qocaAarrrlber z3narar6a. Taxo, ua rprli\rep, flopeuporenrr uehe

- a cfloMr.rlbe
ltelly ,,uace.rreue" rpagoee 3axym.rra y6pojarz Eouy u Xyiw rzx,
ulraqe, y roj sen"'},r! ,[aJ6e, ucrn flop$r{poreHrrr he o6a rronreHyra rpaAa cMe-
crrlrr{ Ha ,,BeJrrrKoM 6pdy" y 3eMJbrr 3axylrraua; npe rora he, nefyrzru, pehn
ga ce 3axytrrJbaHrl TaKo Ha3uBajy ,,uo il,,tdututu" Xpry dnb 6pou6 oSrco xal,ou-
p6vou X).or5pou181; A4 nu clr oHAg: ,,BeJrrrKo 6pAo" u ,,nJraHIrHa" je4no, ur[
uncy? Vygnonara je H rlrrlbeHur{a Ea,Ha jedHort 6pgy, na KoJrrrKo oHo ,,BerriKo,,
6uno, 6ygy rpaga! Jour je [ar{ qyAHoBaruje rylrauerbe Aa cy ro no ,,ceoj
- ABa,,gea
npltnllqv" 6nra HasuBa) jeAau pu.,licxz a jegaH cJroBeHcqn, sa jeAag ucru
fgai{".ttt Oeo JupeuenoBo MzluJberr,e caAa ce .4oBoAr{ y os6umny cylirr,y.l8s
Hen-iro Kao Aa Hr.rje cee jacuo uu ca caMr{rr\ rocraHxoxr urreHa ,,B.narai". flo Ju-
peqer{y:ro 6u 6uo,,npeBoA nar}rHcKor Bona (cnoe.6lar: bonus)".rsl flwral6e
je, nelTyrrru, KoJruKo je z ro useolieme raqHo, jep ,,bonus" unaK 3Harru npe
cBe xpyro na reK ouga,,6rar". Mnoro je, uuauer 6ap na npBrr [otJreA rrpuxBa-
r,tt wtxtie Op6rllujeno rymarren,e [ocraHxa umeHa Enaraj : Et perche dentro (y
6.narajcxy raplaey) i Principi seruauano i tesori, i quali nella lor lingua chia-
mano Blago, gli nacque il norne di Blagayl8s; HapaBHo) rerxxo je pehr.r, KoJrrrKo
je lt oeo rarrHo rrrro op6xlru Kaxe. rlop6nporeHur AaJr,e rBp.qu Aa ul1e pexe
,,Bona" gHaqv ,,go6po" (,,xa).6v")18e, a eeh je rrlarlapax rtoncra:ronao ,,gi je
KoucranrunoBa err.rrioJrorr.rja norperuua, jep uMe pexe .qona3lr og 6yn-Kpeu".r8?
14, wajsag, sagprxahemo ce na jour jegnom flop$uporeHuroBoM noAarKy. OH
Hatrl, Harrxle, caollrrraBa Aa ce poA MHxarura clrna Brzulerl,lHor, apxoHra 3ax;u-
JbaHa, nopeKJroM Lr3 [peAena oKo AaHatuil,e Bucne, Hacenr{o ,,Ha peuv nasnauoj
3ax.'ry.na (ZuyJ,oip"u").tas Itoja 6u ro pexa 6una? Jzpeuexy je zsrnegano na6u
ro r':orJr& 6urn eeh cnomeHyra Bona.lse Bp-rro je 3aHLrMJr,uBo Aa ce JIy-
'rzhy
qnnu;ro - TaKo
r{axo 3axyrln anu Hr{cy Ha3BaHV nn uo 6pgy, Huru uax rpaAy
- ma dallo stesso fiume
X1'.i,y Zaclumo, a sa oBy rrocne.qrby he nax pehlr,
u cari Crjenau Byxurh Ha3BaH ,,Cre$anor,r og Coxo:ra" (.{unuh, 3en.te xep\eea, 156). Tpehr
rp_ar riome 6n morao nprrlacrr'r Ha3rrB,,r,\aRHor" rpa.qa 6uo je cnaxaxo Hoeu (rlaHac: X.pua.-
-Hontr),napoul,ITo3aBnaAe Crjerana Byxuraha, r<ao najeaNiHujr.r npuepeguu rIeHTap.I[pu Camorrr
xpajy xepqeroBe Bj-rarej nocne rpoBane Typaxa 1465, Hoeu je y creapu jeguu:;.u molao 6ura
,,r-laeun" rpa[, Aa 6t iio npaxtur]Ho rr Ilocrao 3a Bperlre E,efoBr{x HacJre,qsrrxa) H rre caMo Kao
( ,,t:raaun" rpaA Hero u roroBo ie.qnuo ynopnurre y 6op6r 3a orrcrauar{.
18\ De adm. intperio, c. 33. Busauiiiucxu ttsaopu
lI, 59.
18P Bngu uan. 29.
183 Bugr.r Han. 30.
lBa l4ctitopuja Cp6a 12, 66.
1!5 Orbini,. 384. IIho ce, nak, rlrqe calre reprrropuja;rHe
nprrrra,qnocrl.r 6naraja, Op6uun
he ra 1'Spojarn y xyr\rcre rpaAoBe (ucro,266).
r\6 Busauruucxu useopu II, 60.
ls? Iicro, san. 208.
188 llcro, 60.
lEs llctuopuja Cp6a 12, 66, uat. 12.
256 Be:rarr Tpnroeuh

ruro ie Bpno Balr(Ho, Aa reqe Kpo3 flortoBo il quale attraversata la valle di

Popono.leo -
Jout je, mefyrrrm, saHrrMJbr4Br,Ije ono ulro ce na flop$zporeHzroBa v3Jrararr,a
Mo)xe HaAoBesarrr rrsaoferrem rr3 Aena rrona .[yxmanzna. ILerosa Chelmania,
Kao rrrro je neh perreHo, nnje urura ua .neeoj o6anrr Heperee AaJr,e oA ceBepHe
rpaHr4qe >xyne .[y6paBa a ra rpaHrrqa je nmna Ao peKe Eyne. tr{ AaHac ce y
.[y6paee parryHa npe,qeo-o,q ly6aerrqe xojrr Kr4nomerap jpxnzje o4 E:raraja
rra Ha jy. lo Macnuna. flpema rome, -axo je ,flyx.rranuu 6uo go6po o6aeerureu
- a oH y crBapuMa ncroplrjcxe reorpaSzje ro rr jecre oHAa ce geojaxn sax-
-
JbyqaK -
uanehe: utu je Xylrcxa 3ex!Jr,a y rberoBo) ,fiyx,lsanl.rnoeo go6a, 6una
He[Iro Marr,a Ha roj crpanr.r, vrrr4 cy, r]ax, cBe xou6zuaquje HayrrHrrKa ca flop-
@uporenuroBvm rpaAoBuua Bouorr u Xy,liom v rbuxoBrrm ugeHru$uxoBarreu
ca AaHarlrbum E.narajem HerarrHe, H HaJraxy rpalxeue HoBr{x pelrrema Ha
uepurhem ,,xlMCKoM" uy, - jep repnropzja HerrocpeAHo ys Elaraj, r43rneAa,
nuje 6nna raxBa. Oea gpyra rloryhHocr, nefyrzm, Mopa ce o,qnyrrgo og6aquru,
6ap yxorurxo ce ruqe ugenrudrnxaqzje rpaga Eoua-Enaraj, jep ce Ba,'bAa rrrraK
He Molr{e cyMrr,arrl y ro Aa je pexa 6osa xoA rlapa-ru{cqa Heurro Apyro Hero Aa-
Haulrra EF{a !
CzrypHujux) rraK, Aor{a3a Aa ce xpaj oxo Bnaraja nrrje pauyHao y X-vncxy
serrJby rrMamo, Ha )r(aJrocr) caMo r{3 goquvjer BpeMeHa.
3a npeme parHor cyxo6a Ly6ponvaua ca PaAocnasom flasroeuhen _-
8. VIII 1430 Behe yno,'reunx je oAJryquno Aa yryrfi riporlrB cBor npo-
rrrBHHKa, ropeA - gplruXr n 80 -rrygra de Chelmo et de Bldgay.ler ,fl,eagecerax
roAIIHa uax goquuje 17. XI 1451 y Bper\re para ca xepqerom Crjenanon,
o qemy je neh Brrrue- rryra 6nrro peun, - .uy6poeauxrr eMrrcap[ nperoBapanu cy
ca 6ocaHcKuu KpaJrerr 'folraurem o caBe3y, na ce nely Apyrzu npegeulalra no-
ryhuocr vignando esso Re cum la hoste iz Chelmo ooer a Blagay oxer in Tribigne
over in alcuna de queste parte maritime.le2 HajsaA, carryBaH uam je jour jegau
AparorleHrr rroAaraK c xpaja xepqeroBe BnaAe. 7. M462..gy6ponauxa BnaAa
je o4ryuuna ga Baprony lyverzhy, xojz je rpe6ano Aa rrAe xepqery, AonyHr{
yrlyrcrBo, sa cnyuaj Aa xepqer ne 6yge in Blagay dM in Chumia aut in Cliuz
aut a Cliuz citra.1e3
Kaga 'lypuun 6y,qe 1475-1477. roAnue uoutrcuBao XepqeronnHy, sa6e-
;re>xzhe y cnoj 4eSrep Kao ABe noce6ne yrpaBHo-[oJrrrrrrrrKe jeAusuqe
xujy Enaraj , u Haxl\jy Xy,ncxa 3ex,{.rba (Hum-ili).ton - Ha-
Onaj nocneAlr'u rroAarax, Kao AoKag Bnrue, HecyMlbrrBo .qolpuHocr4 .qe-
$nnrrrununjem paceermaBalby ,,6.narajcxor" rluratra1 srtHt4 ce, Ha ]rta-rrocr,
xao,qa mucrepuja oxo Xyrvrcxe 3elrJbe,6au rum [oAarKoM) nocraje jout u eehor'..

rso Storia del Regno, 409.

1e1 -Alotes et extraitsII,2T0;cp.flpl.r;ro:r.r3aKrbr.rlr{eBHocr, jeer.rx, ucropujy u$o-rx,nop
Irr (1923) 280.
1n2 Lett. di Levante XIV, 99; Notes et extraits II,459; cp.
rr Han. 126: Blagay e tutta
la contrada de Chelmo exceto Liubischi.
183 Cons. rogatorum XVII, 80'.
1ea Sabanovi6, Bosanski paialuk, 163.
 Xyltcxa sen.na
257

rlporb' r{. J. '{r*rrzh y uujy ce qacr nrruy oBr.{ paAoBr4 y ceojoj perxo
sanarxenoi crypujtt,,3entJre- xepqera cBerora CaeL", - eet
o rryru qnrupaHol
I{ He can:o y oBoM paAy "on"t
npBrr je yxasao, sa[paBo
-uayuuoj o6pagu jegny zseopHy- yuta"r.ro npnctyuauuonn
Becr, xora c*opo r4AeHrrrrrHo Kao u noAara*
t43 rypcKor ge(rrepa cBpcraBa Xynncxy seM:Jby ttu pato jegne 'e
narue cpeArsoBe_
I{oBHe iltyne. Ana-rrasyjyhrr rroAa.rxe r{3 11oBeJ6e aparogc4o_HanyJbcgor
KpaJba
Androrrca v rrs roAuHe_r444 xojom je norepquo noceAe crjeuauy By"il;t
- rlpoo.,uunrrh ce,6aul Ha- oHoM.ilrecry fAe ce cfroMvrbe 6"rraraj, cyoril4O ca
jeluznr re*crorlr y Korre je, ocum jacHo ucnr.rcar{or uvreHa nonreHyror
rpaAa,
ocrajana jotr q4n1s jeg'a rpyn4 Hepa3yn,JbrBzx
@paruenara
som glyorn' rlpuxeara.jyhz cyrecrrzjy s. rpyx"""6, ttp"ol'Ir"rty
u Ibligayr.,r,J-
.". yurrr"rro
Aa je y opr4r'LrHany crajano cBaKar{o' ,,6na"u1xyntir.oi, s.^;o,".,, 4a 6rr rrororr
o,qj\{ax) c rlyHr{;\r rpaBolr, t{spa3uo vyleme " je Xyrrrcxa se}!.Jba y oBoj\r ciry.lajy
,,A4
craBJb*eHa y rrcrr{ peA ca }r(y[a]\la Xepqer.oee
lpx(a8e,..1e5
Pexoncrpyxquja oplrrrrHanHor reKcra -_- rocre cBera u3-'o,t.euor y
pacnpaBr{ _- Fl€c}Mrbuno je raun4, a Halue uyle6e y
oroi
Be3rr ca crarycol.\l
ulrje Hnrura r!-rar6e oA o"or xoie je uipasuo -.[rruuh*y. cxe
:^*''j"^ {u"uc 'po$. xaga
,e nucao norieHyry cry4ujy.
, '{oxyiueHar Hac) r:.el7yrum, TaKaB KaKaB je, craen a y HoBe reruxohe or<o
ydur<aquje oee Xy,ucne 3er,Jbe, xoja je cBaKaKo r.rcroBerrra
ca Hum-ili r{3 .ryp-
cxor ge$repa.
rlpea oxorrrocr xoja on^r.ax ra,qa y oqu rra*o, 6ap ua flpBr,r norJreA, cacBr.r,ri
He3rrarHa
-
crranaKo jc unu'enuq1,ga uuje peqeHo ,,Blrarai y Xy'cxoj 3er,rJr,lr,,,
--
Hero ,,E-;raraj c Xy,r cr{oM 3errJ'boi\r",
- Iuro Ha
AoKa3 Aa 6-ira.aj r'rje 6rro y cacraBy,,'*yre"
ceoj navnri rpeAcraB-rr,a .qaJbrr
Xy,r:cxe ser{J6e.'lrar,o, *efyran,
unje o61xr:arala E,uaraj, ona Xyncna aani**, Kar{o r43rnera-u ilo
uogeJr,u r{3
14.44, u no geclrepy og 1475-i7. roAr4He ue 6u rpe6a-uo ga 6yge rru raxexo
oA I'para H repuropn,je oxo rber-a; TaKo 6r.r ce- ,4a.no bup ,ur.oy.rrrrr{ u3 crrlxrr_
saquje y rroneJbu Alcponca V, ca4a, KaAa r{acriryp"o ,.ru.ro ga
uopeg legHe
nehe Xyr:c*e se."1be rrcroBpeneHo uocroja'a ,r cacBr{il naJra, y paHry
l.g"u
Halue x(yne, orTH. iypcKe naxrrje. flo uoNerryro,rr gecfrepy 'e
ona ,,je rrp,.raruo*nrru
BJIaIrrr{y uaxuiJ' ca jegHun uerrarorl oeo nalc npucycrBo- camo jcdttoz
"nnxa."
Bnalrr^of r,iel'rara r\'iolKe Aa ce y3l1e Kao ro^a3 0 menoj Hesirarnoj nerru"vrina,
r{fre r'Lopa. y ycnoBr.rria cranFre 60p6e xpuulhancxo-ocni.aruujcxe y
aJrrr
xpajenuria
oxo Heperee oA 1465. na Ha .4aJbe, H. npyrux npoqeca xoju cy 6rrnrz y
roNy,
nouy;raquja uojeguuux o6nacrz llorJra je z vecro, Lr pa,qrixanrro,
ir,.erla csoJ,y
Aa
$rrsuouonujy.
Kpaj ceuS Halopa xojn cy quri,eHrr) unax je ueflorytre, 3a cara, ul]Bpurr{rr.r
npeqII3IIy y6r'rxaqniy.oBe ,,r\,,are" Xymcxe 3er\.,'be.
v, nopeg B-rraraja c Xy;r'.cxo,rr a.n,*oir, HaBorIe ce y vcyceAcrey cncgehu
noseJru *pa_rr)a A.ricporrca
rparoBrr
u r{yrre.: Buna.rau y Henecr*r,y, BuAotuxr.r y B"aonolo noror.r,riy flo_
nony, fIouvTD y ,[y6panar.ia, He6ojrua y
Bevepuhy, "o*V,
nparup .u la6enon,
Bpropar1,..y Topcxoj x(yrv, Ilun (?)'y EpohHy, kpi,"*"rr ji srrury
y Jfyr1u.1e6 flo osori lperJrery peKno 6" ce xao Ia crBapHo Hr{Lura neu ocrajeHoeu

Ls| 3e,+rne xep4eea,

188. I S
Ied Thall6czy, Studien,
361,-362;.[uur.rh, 3eute xepqeza, 7g2 u p.
17 36oprrux @uloro$cxor rbaxyrrera
258 Be*,aH Tpnroeuh

sa Xyxcxy 3errJ[,y. Je,qnuo ce sarrax(a ga unje HaBeAeH rpa,q Jby6yrrrrcIr) artr

axo 6n ce XyMcKa 3eMrL,? o Hojoj je peu Hana3rrrra oxo J['y6yurKor, ocraJlo 6!r
Hepa3yuJr,rrBo KaKo je ruor;ra 6nru y rroBeJbrr BeBaHa sa Enaraj, o,4 xora 6u je
ogeajare x(yfle: E;rarua, Epohuo z Beveprrhu xoje ce uoce6so naeoAe!
V rypcrcon nax ge$repy, ropeA
-
uaxnja Snaraj n Xy,lrcxa sellJr,e, BrrJra-
jery (o,qH. xagnnyxy) 6rarajcxon rpuraAane cy jour naxuje ,,Jlyxa, flo.rurer
n lrolr(Aa jour xoia. flpocro ie neejepoearHo gogaje ayrop
- Aa rome
rta-
-
ArrnyKy Hrrcy rpnilaAare Haxnje fiy6pana u $ypuasn ...((1e7 flperuocne4rru
noAaraK) HapaBHo, oAllax cxpehe Ha ce6e [a]r(r6y. fly6paee cy ce I{ oH,na, Kao
u AaHac, HacJrarrane ceojom ceBepHor{ crpaHo}r na Ezruhe u Fnaraj ..[,a nn
- xojy no,4 rrr]ll rrMeHoM Ha-
je uonrenyra naxrrja ffoquren rrcro rrrro n .[y6paee,
Jrasuuo Ba6enex(eHy y jeguo.u paunjen rypcKou geSrepy, ns 1469?1e8
. Og ocrarrrrx nroryhnx xou6zuaqnja jour je,4na sac:ryi*cyje oco6uty lrax{Iry.
flpuraxo.ir npBor rypcKor rroflnca oceojenor ,qera XepqeroBlrHe
ra4a jour y cacraBy 6ocaHcxor cauuaKara, 3araAHo o,q Heperee uouzcaua- 1469 -je
carro uaxuja .flpe>xuzqareeI npruuxo]r rroulrca 1475177. Ha ,,tome prostoru
javljaiu se ... dvije nove nahije : Duvno ili Rog i Ljubu$ki".200 3anz&rnzeo
je 4a ce y oBo:u Apyrorr rrofiucy Ee cfiouurry, oclr\{ Jby6yuxor u ,[yena,
MHora Apyra [o3uara Mecra unu x(y[e. lge cy, Ha rrpri]llep, tr1lwotcxu, Erarua,
Spohuo, B:uepuh, lopcna rxyna? llcru,yueuo je 4a cy uo6pojane )nyrle, certr
lrolxAa rrocrreArse, raAa y xpuurhancKrr\r pyKaua. A 6aur
1475177
- 6n;re3exJbyl201
ra repr{roprrja je unlrura-,,upaBy" Xy.ucxy

Bpaurmo Jr[r ce, rrocJre cBera, na BnatxoBy ,,Xyr[cKy 3ellry" reurxohe

uac nehe Ha[ycrrrrLr. Ia :ru je ona vcro ruro n ,,uara" Xy.ncxa gerlJbe - rr r,qe ce
r.IHarIe llofJra Hana3rITr{ I]urar6a cy, Ha xa.]rocr, na r<oja ce He Mo]r(e naKo o,q-
loBopurlr Hr{ ca Aa, Hurr4- rrax ca ue. 9uraBo ,qocaAaruu e pacnpaBJbarLe ylyhuBano
6n uac,qa, a priori, ceaxy ,,Xy,ncxy semry" y ,,4or1nzjex" cpegmeu BeI{y rpax(Lrmo
3anaAqo o,q Heperne. flogarax naK rr3 1444. roauue, Kao rr oHo Irrro uan je ca-
o[urreHo r13 TypcKof gerprepa, yuyhrreano 6u uac ga ,,uary" Xy'ucHy 3eMJby
M0lr(Aa uorpalr(d\ro r{crorrHo o,q no\leHyre peKe. PacrprHyrz nslrefy oBe ABe,
y cyiuruHrt 4rrjanerpanuo pa3Jrrrqrrre moryhnocru, Tpe6ano 6z ce vuax oArytruru
ga 6ap y rpararly 3a BlarKoBou o6raurhy
- 6uta oHa
IIAeHTI{qHa ca uaxajon
Xy.ncxa se\rJbr r{nr.r He He rrlTeM.o AaJbe oA 4ecne o6are Heperee. flopeA ceera
ruro 6u ce youlrre MorJro - pehz y rtpunor oBaKBo]r MurlrJberby, Ha ro Hac HaroHIr
rlpe cBera oxoJrHocr Aa Brarxoee Jr'yAe, Kao Irrro clro BrrAenu, sapo6,rraeajy
te? Sabanovi6, Bosanshi paialuh, 163.
1e8 I{cro, 143; unlqe, ayrop sa naxujy Xyncxa 3eMI6:l nperfiocraBJba Aa ce BepoBarHo
,,ry p,lArr o Xyxy oxo Vcxon:l:." (lrcto, 163).
lne Sabanovi6, Bosanski paialuk, 142-143.
2oo tr{cro, 160.
201 Hajsag iour ieAna qfiEeHarl:l :a:ny;xyje Aa ce [o:!IeHe. V Euje;rom flor'y nna,roj
o5:racrn ceBepHo oA Mccrapa, xojy ynpaeo oeaj rpag oAeaja oA Brurha floma - ganac
nocroje cena Xylrll n Jlnurruu, vnja nmeHa ysera sajegno yflpaBo $panantro nogcehajy - na
Xyiu-u.nn (Xy* Llnaurauu) ! .[r ro uuje Xymcxa 3eMJ'b:l 3a xojorn tparauo ? A:ru, rr3 KaKBor
-
pa3nora 6u 6atst ra repuropnja raxo Hasgaua 6n;ra ?
 Xyl,rcxa se,iu:r,a 259

y.rapcKrr BoiHr.rr{uy Oco6-rlanz (uaflerseruqy), anapouuro rrrrrbeHzrla Aa cy6aua

A,rir6er y3zMa uog cnojy yrpaBy 10. xI 1488. id, quod tenebat VlatcLus chlrzech
et voyvoda Augustinus .-- y cBaKoM cnyvajy, gax.tre, ABa uoApyr{ja xoja cy ce
rlopana rpaHrrqr.Irr{ je4no c Apyft4ln. Kaxo cy ce rraK, Kao rrlro
le peveuo, Anry-
cruHoBr{ froceArr Ha'ra3vn:4 y ,,uaxujaua Bpropaq, Jby6yurxz u frpr.rlnopje.,
ry 6n' Aaxne, HerAe Aerycruuony ,,Xyncxy", tp.6ar,o najeeponaruqy. tpu- -
n B.rrarxony -y3 y je
I<Lrrrr ,,Xy.ucxy 3eMJby" xojoj ,,illustris et excelius dux'sancti
Sabbe" [poBeo ceoje uocneA]le AaHe Ha rny Xeprleroezue.

.+
Penarr.rerra MHolrgrHa noAaraxa o Xymcxoi 3emJbrt y3 cBa orpaur{rrerra
,4a uorrzqy ua A0qunjer BpexleHa - moryhuocr 4a 6ap y
npyinajy HaM vrraK
- rLeHor
t,'raBHrlM lnnrtjana ordprarlo KoHrype repuropzjan*ror pasnrlrxa. fipima
[pBit]!I Becrr{Ma v3 noJroBlrHe X rexa, Kao lrrro je uosuaro, Haiilpe cpeheuo
3axymre, ca reprrrop^jou npn;rzvuo c*pomHrrx pa3*epa oa gy6poeur4*a 14
3araAHrrx rpaHr{qa Tpanyuuje IIa Ao Heperne, u [peKo rbe (uer4e y rbeHoM
cpeArLeM roxy). .[ea croreha gorlunje, IIonoBr.IHoM xrr eexa, Ha Mecry eapor
3axy,lrlsa Beh Hanasv\{o HoBy Ap}KaBy noA zmeuoir Xynn z.rru Xprcxa
y cnarxuoj excnausuju sauaAHo.oA Heperne, rAe he otraru yr,"urno* jegunrr ""**u
6auuilrnrc He camo HeKararbe o6nacrn Heper;ralra uru flaranraje nero t
gela najncrouurrjux xpBarcKrzx rxyna (ca I{morcxuin). Ha ceeep ce Xynncxa l.a"o"
sejllJba rrpore3ana Ao }Ityre Paue na je4uoj o6a,rrr Heperee, v peKe 55E.re, na
rpyroi . Hesuago KaA) anLr cBaKaKo rrpe loJroBrrue XIir iy*"Ka- seMJBa
je nopana, KaKo rr3rJrera, saBrraAarn u xpajem o4 Bnaraja""x",
4o Ko*"r1u rl ropne
Heperee, rAe ,,xymcKo" uMe, lrefyrum, uehe uycrnrn gy6rae'xopene, HrrTrr ocra-
nzrn rpajnrzje rpa4aqzje, xao url y Kpajvgr4, yocraJronn, Hepereom u
I{errrrron. ^rely
Bpemenorn cy ce AerrraBaJre Lr Apyre [pomene. Xyirncxe nosuqlrje he y cpe-
gaurmoj o6nacrz crapor 3axynlra ycJreA jauer Ayrorpaigor rpr.rrr{cxa rIeH_
-
rpa{ge BJracrr\ rr repr.Iropzjatrurrx ry6uraxa
og Heperee re ucre uoszqzje, ycrreA creqz0uuuux - 3H?THO ycJroBa,
oCtr46ur:,1.,4a 6rr sauaAno
HaruJre cgare .qa
HacraBe cnoje 6rarrrcalre cBe AO AorracKa Typaxa. Ki4a onz uo'Jre4I6I4 6ygy
oceojznu najeehz Aeo 3emJr,e xepqeroBe, nolaeuhe ce n Xymcxa 3eMJEa cBera
jeganuyr, Konrrxo ce caAa sH4r v arrrrua rbr4xoBe aAmrrnrrcrpaquje, anr camo
xao uaxuja, uuju ce rarraH rroJroxcaj uuax He Molr(e 6ruoxe oApeAritrrr, Kao Irrro
ocraje, 6ap sacag4, 3aroHerarr u jeAan rberr Herrrro pauwju uomeH xojn je cepcraoa
y paHr HaIIle cpeArboBeKoBHe )Kyrre.
260 Veljan Trpkovi6

VELJAN TRPKOVIC

TERRA DE CHELMO
R6sum6
Une mention trds tardive (de 1487) du pays nommd Hum, a servi ir l'auteur
de cette 6tude comme point de ddpart pour une r6vision critique de l'ensemble
de nos connaissances concernant ce domaine.
La multitude relative des renseignements qui s'y rapportent avec toutes
les r6serves impos6es par le fait qu'ils proviennent d'une dpoque ult6rieure - nous
fournit quand m6me la possibilit6 de d6terminer, dans les grandes lignes au- moins
les principaux contours de son expansion territoriale. D'aprds les sources les plus
anciennes, du milieu du X' sidcle, comme l'on sait, nous lencontrons d'abord le
Zahumlje, dont le territoire de dimensions assez modestes s'6tend de Dubrovnik
et des frontidres occidentales de la Travunija jusqu'b la Neretva, et au-deld (vers
le milieu de son parcours). Deux sidcles plus tard milieu du XII" sidcle
ir l'emplaccment de l'ancien Zahumlje nous trouvons - aud6jh un nouvel Etat sous-
le nom de Hum, au pays de lfum, Terra de Chelmo, dont l'expansion est puis-
sante h l'ouest de la Neretva, oir pour ainsi dire il se trouve €tre le seul h6ritier non
seulement de l'ancien pays des Neretljani ou Paganija, mais aussi d'une partie
des joupas croates situ6es le plus h l'est (avec Imotski). Au nord le pays du Hum
atteignait la joupa de la Rama sur l'une des rives de la Neretva, et la Buna, sur
l'autre. On ignore ir quel moment' mais certainement avant le milieu du XIII"
sidcle, le pays du Hum avait dtr, il semble bien, soumettre d sa domination la
r6gion de Blagaj i Konjic et b la haute Neretva, oir le nom m6me de llum,
cependant ne jettera pas de racines suffisamment profondes, et ne laissera point
de traditions vivaces, pas plus d'ailleurs que dans la Krajina, entre la Nerctva
et la Cetina.
Avec le temps surviennent d'autres changements encore. Les positions du
Hum, dans la r6gion centrale de l'ancien Zahumlje, sous la durable pression du
pouvoir central et des pertes territoriales s'affaibliront sensiblement, pour que)
h l'ouest de la Neretva, ces mdmes positions, - vu les circonstances sp6cifiques'
fetrouvent la force n6cessaire de continuer d se maintenir jusqu'h l'arriv6e des
Turcs. Lorsque ces derniers auront occup6 une glande partie du pays herz6go-
vinien, le pays du Hum apparaitra une seule fois autant qu'on le sache jusqu'h
pr6sent dans les actes de leur administration, -
mais uniquement comme nahija,
-
dont la position exacte ne peut pourtant pas 6tre d6termin6e de fagon suffisamment
pr6cise, tout comme on n'est pas en mesure' h l'hcure actuelle du moins de
percer le mystdre que pose la mention un peu ant6rieure qui le net au- rang
de joupa m6di6vale.
- -
B EO rP A,4C K U y H U B EP 3 nT ET

3EOPHHK
oHro30q)cKof
OAKYTTETA
KIbI4TA VIII

cnoMEH14UA MI4XAI4JIA .UI4HI4hA

1

EEOTPA.{
1964