PCTE Group Of Institutes

Course: B.Tech (batch 2022-26)

Subject Name: Chemistry-I
Subject Code: BTCH 101-18
Semester: Ist
Credit: 3+1 hours per week
Course Instructor: Ms.Navneet Kaur

Email Address: navneetkaur@pcte.edu.in

OVEARALL COURSE OBJECTIVES

1. To acquire knowledge about complex formation and wave mechanics

2. To gain the knowledge of spectroscopy and its types with applications
3. To learn significance of thermodynamics and electrochemistry
4. To understand mechanism of corrosion and preventive methods.
5. To understand concept of semi conductivity, superconductivity and liquid crystal and solar energy
6. To understand the concept of water , its pH and ionisation
7. To understand the concept of stereochemistry and concept of chirality and isomerism
8. To understand the concept of organic chemistry reactions and their mechanisms

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Prerequisites:

The concepts developed in this course will aid in quantification of several concepts in chemistry that have been introduced at the 10+2 levels in
schools. Technology is being increasingly based on the electronic, atomic and molecular level modifications.

Quantum theory is more than 100 years old and to understand phenomena at nanometer levels, one has to base the description of all chemical
processes at molecular levels.

 Introduction to dual nature of matter

 Intro to complex formations and theories
 Intro to Organic reactions
 Intro to stereochemistry and spectroscopy
 Concept of corrosion , thermodynamics, water and electrochemistry
 Various Periodic properties

COURSE OUTCOMES

After studying this Course, the Students will be able to:-

 Develop innovative methods to produce soft water for industrial use and potable water at cheaper cost.
 Understand the concept of complexes formation and theories related to these
 Understand the applications and concept of different spectroscopic techniques
 Apply their knowledge for protection of different metals from corrosion
 Have the knowledge of stereochemistry of different molecules and chirality
 Understand various periodic properties
 Learn the mechanisms of organic reactions

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 Analyse microscopic chemistry in terms of atomic and molecular orbitals and intermolecular forces.
 Rationalise bulk properties and processes using thermodynamic considerations.
 Distinguish the ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum used for exciting different molecular energy levels in various
spectroscopic techniques.
 Rationalise periodic properties such as ionization potential, electronegativity, oxidation states and electronegativity.
 List major chemical reactions that are used in the synthesis of molecules.


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SYLLABUS

(i) Atomic and molecular structure (12 lectures)

Schrodinger equation. Particle in a box solutions and their applications for conjugated molecules and nanoparticles. Forms of the hydrogen atom
wave functions and the plots of these functions to explore their spatial variations. Molecular orbitals of diatomic molecules and plots of the
multicenter orbitals. Equations for atomic and molecular orbitals. Energy level diagrams of diatomic. Pi-molecular orbitals of butadiene and
benzene and aromaticity. Crystal field theory and the energy level diagrams for transition metal ions and their magnetic properties. Band
structure of solids and the role of doping on band structures.

(ii) Spectroscopic techniques and applications (8 lectures)

Principles of spectroscopy and selection rules. Electronic spectroscopy. Fluorescence and its applications in medicine. Vibrational and rotational
spectroscopy of diatomic molecules. Applications. Nuclear magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance imaging, surface characterisation
techniques. Diffraction and scattering

(iii) Intermolecular forces and potential energy surfaces (4 lectures)

Ionic, dipolar and van Der Waals interactions. Equations of state of real gases and critical phenomena. Potential energy surfaces
of H3, H2F and HCN and trajectories on these surfaces.

(iv) Use of free energy in chemical equilibria (6 lectures)

Thermodynamic functions: energy, entropy and free energy. Estimations of entropy and free energies. Free energy and emf.
Cell potentials, the Nernst equation and applications. Acid base, oxidation reduction and solubility equilibria. Water chemistry.
Corrosion,Use of free energy considerations in metallurgy through Ellingham diagrams

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(v) Periodic properties (4 Lectures)

Effective nuclear charge, penetration of orbitals, variations of s, p, d and f orbital energies of atoms in the periodic table,
electronic configurations, atomic and ionic sizes, ionization energies, electron affinity and electronegativity, polarizability,
oxidation states, coordination numbers and geometries, hard soft acids and bases, molecular geometries

(vi) Stereochemistry (4 lectures)

Representations of 3 dimensional structures, structural isomers and stereoisomers, configurations and symmetry and chirality,
enantiomers, diastereomers, optical activity, absolute configurations and conformational analysis. Isomerism in transitional metal
compounds

(vii) Organic reactions and synthesis of a drug molecule (4 lectures)

Introduction to reactions involving substitution, addition, elimination, oxidation, reduction, cyclization and ring openings.
Synthesis of a commonly used drug molecule.

Recommended Books:

(i) University chemistry, by B. H. Mahan

(ii) Chemistry: Principles and Applications, by M. J. Sienko and R.A. Plane
(iii) Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy, by C. N. Banwell
(iv) Engineering Chemistry (NPTEL Web-book), by B. L. Tembe, Kamaluddin and M. S.
Krishnan
(v) Physical Chemistry, by P. W. Atkins
(vi) Organic Chemistry: Structure and Function by K. P. C. Volhardt and N. E. Schore, 5th Edition

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http://bcs.whfreeman.com/vollhardtschore5e/default.asp

S.NO Topics Mode of Teaching

1. Introduction to Engineering chemistry and brief introduction of units in BB

syllabus

2. Intro to quantum chemistry, Schrodinger equation for 1D box BB/video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=oQ4G1B63GYo)

3. Applications of 1-D box schrodinger equation BB

4. Schrodinger wave equation for hydrogen like atoms BB

5. Molecular orbital diagrams of H2, O2, CL2, F2 like molecules Video/BB (https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=fsHe4rxQHmA)

6. HCL, HF like molecules MOT diagrams BB

7. Concept of aromaticity and huckel rule BB

8. Pi-molecular orbitals of butadiene and benzene BB/video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=NJtME5upl9Y)

9. Crystal Field Theory and concept of complex formation BB /video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=xTTgUcumYv0)

10. Magnetic properties of complexes BB

11. Semiconductors , their band structure & doping BB

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Spectroscopic techniques and applications

12. Introduction to spectroscopic techniques and selection rules BB

13. Electronic and fluorescence spectroscopy and applications Video/BB (https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=tyhkQbCgPg8&t=87s)

14. Intro to IR spectroscopy and its applications Video/BB (https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=05wqcWpT0es&t=69s)

15. Intro to NMR spectroscopy Video/BB (https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=ywR6aLpfjl0)

16. Principle & Interpretation of NMR spectroscopy and example of BB

molecules

17. magnetic resonance imaging, surface characterisation techniques. BB

18. Diffraction and scattering. BB

19. Class Test & Revision BB

Intermolecular forces and potential energy surfaces

20. Ionic, dipolar and van Der Waals interactions. BB

21. Equations of state of real gases and critical phenomena. BB

22. Potential energy surfaces of H3, H2F and trajectories on BB

these surfaces.
23. Potential energy surfaces of HCN and trajectories on these surfaces. BB

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Use of free energy in chemical equilibria

24. Thermodynamic functions: energy, entropy and free Video/BB (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YM-

energy, uykVfq_E)

25. Estimations of entropy and free energies BB

26. Free energy and emf, Cell potentials BB

27. the Nernst equation and applications, BB

28. Use of free energy considerations in metallurgy through Ellingham BB

diagrams.
29. Acid base, oxidation reduction and solubility equilibria. BB

30. Introduction to Water chemistry and characteristics BB

31. Ion exchange chromatography and hardness of water BB

32. Introduction to corrosion and different corrosion protection techniques BB

Periodic properties

33. Effective nuclear charge, penetration of orbitals, BB/video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?

variations of s, p, d and f orbital energies of atoms in the v=6fGzxmpl1WU)
periodic table, ,
34. electronic configurations, atomic and ionic sizes, ionization energies, BB/video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?
electron affinity and electronegativity, v=RqsXAmSvb7A

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DaHbVrcTVx8)

35. polarizability, oxidation states, coordination numbers Video/BB (https://www.youtube.com/watch?

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v=igES5qDNFaM)

36. Molecular Geometries of various inorganic molecules and their shape and BB
hybridization

37. Concept of hard soft acids and bases & HSAB principle BB

38. Class test & Revision

Stereochemistry

39. Representations of 3 dimensional structures BB

40. structural isomers and stereoisomers, configurations and symmetry and BB

chirality,

41. enantiomers, diastereomers, optical activity, absolute configurations and Video/BB (https://www.youtube.com/watch?
conformational analysis v=6vd7S3T7R8k)

42. Isomerism in transitional metal compounds BB

Organic reactions and synthesis of a drug molecule

43. Introduction to reactions involving substitution reactions. BB

44. Introduction to addition, elimination reactions and their mechanisms BB

45. Introduction to oxidation, reduction, cyclization and ring openings and BB

their mechanisms

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46. Synthesis of a commonly used drug molecule. BB/video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=Y4NMpO1xI8U)

47. Class test & Revision BB

48. Revision whole Syllabus BB

Evaluation Criteria

PARAMETER MARKS
Mid Semester Examination 1 24
Mid Semester Examination 2 24
Presentation, Class test & Class
10
performance
Attendance 6
Total 40

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Attendance Policy:
It is compulsory for all the students to have 75% attendance in each subject at the end of the semester failing which the student will not be
allowed to write the final exam.

Attendance Marks

Upto 75% attendance Nil

76% to 80% 02

81% to 85% 03

86% to 90% 04

91% to 95% 05

Above 95% attendance 06

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Presentation:

S.NO Topics of Presentation

1. Applications of Optical Activity in organic compounds
2. Applications of Electronic spectroscopy in various fields
3. Molecular orbital diagrams of various homoatomic molecules
4. Crystal Field theory of Octahedral complexes
5. Aromaticity of benzene and huckel rule of aromaticity
6. Phenomenon of Corrosion of metals
7. Applications of Ion exchange chromatography
8. Isomerism in transition metal complexes
9. Applications of Schrondinger wave equation in 1-D box
10. Applications of Magnetic Resonance Imaging
11. Concept of Dual nature of matter & black body radiation
12. Entropy and its significance
13. Geometry and hybridization of inorganic compounds
14. Band theory of semiconductors & Doping
15 Substitution reactions in Organic chemistry
16. Aspirin-preparation and its uses
17. Concept of polarizibility in chemistry
18. HSAB principle in acid-base concept
19. Different theories related to Acid-base concept
20. Applications of chemistry in Engineering
21. Crystal Field theory of Tetrahedral complexes
22. Werner theory of Transition metal complexes
23. Valence bond theory of transition metal complexes
24. Magnetic behaviour of transition metal complexes
25. Hardness of water & water treatment

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26. Applications of fluorescence in medicines

27. Applications of Nernst equation in electrochemistry
28. Corrosion phenomenon in metals
29. Polarizibility in polar molecules and dipole moment
30. Redox Reactions
31. Geometry and shape of different inorganic molecules
32. Effective nuclear charge and variations in the periodic table
34. Penetration effect of orbitals and variations in the periodic table
35. Type of reactions in organic chemistry
36. Preparation and applications of paracetamol
37. Isomerism in organic chemistry
38. Oxidation & reduction reactions in organic chemistry
39. Conformational analysis of ethane molecule
40. Geometrical isomerism in organic molecules and effects on properties
41. Cycling and ring opening reactions & mechanism
42. Sn1 & Sn2 reactions and their mechanism
43. Types of reagents in organic reactions
44. Stereochemistry of organic molecules
45. Industrial applications of ethylene and propylene
46. Cleaning effect of detergents & soaps
47. Different techniques used in extraction of metals
48. Use of catalysts and their action in reactions
49. Rate of a reaction & factors effecting the rate of reaction
50. Markovnikov rule and anti-markovnikov rule in unsymmetrical alkanes
51. Wurtz reaction and limitations of this reaction
52. Applications of osmosis in daily life
53. Reverse-osmosis phenomenon used in water filters
54. Phenomenon of viscosity in different liquids
55. Thin layer chromatography procedure & applications
56. Phenomenon of Surface tension in different liquids
57. Study of 1st law of thermodynamics with practical examples

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58. Study of conductometric titrations

59. Electrolytic and metallic conduction in electrochemistry
60. Study of different types of Colligative Properties

Guidelines for Presentation:

Presentation will be held during the semester about which you will be informed well in advance. The rules for presentation are :
 Each student has to deliver individual presentation.
 The topic of each student will be decided by the Course Instructor.
 The Presentation Topic will be given in advance atleast 10 days before the date of presentation.
 Students must come in strict formals on the day of presentation.
 It is COMPULSORY for all the students to deliver the Presentation in order to clear the Internals of that subject.
 Every Presentation should include at least 5 MCQs related to the topic of the presentation.
 Every student will be given 6- 10 minutes for their presentation. There will be marks for asking queries and answering them.
Marks will be given for sharing some additional information on the topic to the person other than presenter.

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Note
 There will be NO RETAKE of Mid-Semester Examinations. The students are advised to appear in all the evaluation parameters as per
Class Calendar with preparation to avoid any inconvenience.

 If any student is caught copying or using unfair means in any evaluation parameter, then that student will get Internal
REAPPEAR in that subject.

 The date of conduct of all the Evaluation parameters will be plotted in the Class Calendar. You are supposed to follow the Class
Calendar to keep a track of the date of conduct of all the evaluation parameters.

 You should read the college Rule Book thoroughly to avoid any confusion. Feel free to ask queries if any.

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