Cebu Institute of Technology - University Cebu City

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

MECC486 – P1

Module 4 Assignment

Name: LABAJO, KENT M. Date: March 19, 2022

Course and Year: BSME Instructor: ENGR. RODULFO NAVARRO JR.

1. Annual MW.hr generation of a 200 MW power Solution:

plant is 770, with a maximum peak load of Annual Enegry Production
Ave . Load=
155 MW. If the annual average load is 99.66 hr
MW, find the annual load factor. 8760
yr
Annual Enegry Production
Solution: 29000 kW =
hr
Annual Ave . Load 8760
Annual Load Factor= yr
Max Peak Load
99.66 MW Annual Enegry Production
¿ 6
¿ 254.04 x 10 kW −hr
155 MW
¿ 0.6430
Annual Enegry Production
Capacity Factor= → 0.60
2. Data of a 150,000 KW power plant: average
load – 75000 KW, operating hours – 9300, (
Plant Capacity 8760
hr
yr)
determine the use factor. 6
254.04 x 10 kW −hr
0.60=
Solution:

Use Factor=
Annual kW −hr
Plant Capacity 8760 (
hr
yr )
Plant Capacity ( No . of hours of operation )
Plant Capacity=48333.3333 kW
Annual kW −hr =Ave . Load 8760 ( hr
yr ) Utilization Factor=
Maximum Demand
Rated Capacity
(
¿ 75000 kW 8760
hr
yr ) .80=
Maximum Demand
48333.333 kW
6
¿ 657 x 10 kW Maximum Demand=38666.667 kW
6
657 x 10 kW
Use Factor=
150000 kW 8350 (hr
yr ) 4. Given load factor 0.50, installed capacity
35,000 KW, reserve over peak 2750 KW,
¿ 0.47096=47.10 % hours out of service per year 400. Find the
capacity factor.

Solution:
3. The plant utilization factor of a power plant is
80% and a capacity factor of 60% and average
load of 29000 KW. Determine the maximum
demand of this plant.
 Ave . Load
Load Factor =
Annual Enegry Production Max Peak Load
Capacity Factor=
( )
hr 12.5 MW
Plant Capacity 8760 ¿
yr 45 MW
Load Factor=0.2778

¿
(
Ave . Load 8760
hr
yr ) 6. The peak load on a power plant is 80 MW. The
Plant Capacity 8760( hr
yr ) loads having maximum demands of 30 MW,
20 MW, 10 MW and 14 MW are connected to
the power plant. The capacity of the power
Ave . Load
¿ plant is 80 MW, and the annual load factor is
Plant Capacity 0.35. Determine the average load on the
Load Factor ( Peak Load ) power plant.
Capacity Factor =
Plant Capacity
Solution:
Load Factor ( Plant Capacity−Reverse Peak Load )
¿ Annual Ave . Load
Plant Capacity Annual Load Factor=
Max Peak Load
Annual Ave . Load
0.50 ( 35000−2750 ) kW 0.35=
Capacity Factor= 80 MW
35000 kW Annual Ave . Load=28 MW
7. A 45000-kW plant delivers an annual output
Capacity Factor=0.4607=46.07 % of 238,000,000 KW.hr with a peak load of
32000 KW. What is the capacity factor?

5. A Power station supplies the following loads Solution:

to the consumers
Time in hours 0-6 6-10 10-12 12-
Annual Enegry Production
16 16-20 20-22 22-24 Capacity Factor=
100
Load in MW
80 60
30 70 90

What is the load factor of a standby

60
(
Plant Capacity 8760
hr
yr )
6
equipment of 45 MW capacity if it takes up all 238 x 10 kW −hr
¿
loads

Solution:
above 80 MW?
450000 kW 8760 (
hr
yr )
Capacity Factor=0.60375=60.38 %
Taking all loads above 80 MW ,
8. A 45 MW power station has the following
Energy Generated= ( 90−80 ) MW ( 2 hrs ) annual factors: use – 45.2%, capacity – 55 %,
+ ( 100−80 ) MW ( 4 hrs ) + ( 80−80 ) MW ( 2 hrs ) load – 58.5%. Find the reserve load.
¿ 100 MW −hr Solution:
Reserve Load=Plant Capacity−Peak Load
Energy Generated
Ave . Load=
Actual No . of hours of Operation Annual Enegry Production
100 MW −hr Capacity Factor=
¿
( 2+4 +2 ) hrs
¿ 12.5 MW
(
Plant Capacity 8760
hr
yr )
0.55=
(
Annual Ave . Load 8760
hr
yr ) V F=
WF
ρF

( )
hr 70777. 47989 kg
45 MW 8760 ¿
yr kg
2500 3
Annual Ave . Load=24.75 MW m
Min Base Length¿ 28.31099 m 3
Annual Ave . Load
Load Factor=
Peak Load
10. What is the required base area of the
24.75 MW
0.585= foundations to support an engine with
Peak Load specified speed of 1200 rpm and weight of
Peak Load=42.30769 MW 7500 kg? Assume bearing capacity of soil as
45 KPa. Use e=0.11.
Reserve Load=45 MW −42.30769 MW
Solution:
Reserve Load=2.6823 MW
Sb W m +W f
=
FS bL
9. Determine the minimum base length and base W m +W f
width in mm of a concrete foundation for a ¿
A
110 KW slow speed diesel-generating set
applying the following design data and
where ,
parameters: Over-all weight of the genset - FS=1
48,000 kg; Over-all dimension of the bedplate
- 5m x 2m; Efficiency of the generator - 85%; W f =e ( W e ) ( √ N )
Depth of the foundation - 3.5 m; Specific
weight of foundation reqd. - 480 kg/bhp; Safe ¿ 0.11 ( 7500 kg ) ( √ 1200 )
load bearing capacity of site - 20 tons/m 2; ¿ 28578.8383 kg
Density of concrete - 2.5 tons/m 3; Top edges
of foundation should not exceed 5 m from the
bedplate of the machines.
W m =W e
Solution:

45000 2
W F =Weight of the foundation per bhp x Rated capacity
N 1 kg
m 9.81 N( )
1
7500 kg+30484.09 kg
(
W F = 480
kg
bhp )
( 110 KW ) (
1 hp
0.746 kW ) ¿

A=8.2805 m2
A

¿ 70777 . 47989 kg
WF 11. A steam turbine operating at 5MPa, 400C(h =
V F=
ρF 3195.7 KJ/kg) has an exhaust pressure of 100
KPa(h = 2475 KJ/kg). It is made of two-row,

(
ρ F= 2.5 3
m )(
tons 1000 kg
1 ton ) velocity compounded stage at the vapor
region of expansion with a blading efficiency
kg of 70 %.For a 85 % rotational and leakage
¿ 2500 3 allowance, find the efficiency of this stage.
m
Solution:
 Solution:
ActualWork
¿ ( h1 −h2 ) x e blading x rotational∧leakage For Water Tube Boiler (Empirical Formula),

ActualWork
kJ HS ( ¿ m 2 )
¿ ( 3195.7−2475 ) x 0.70 x 0.8 5 Rated Bo . HP=
kg 0.91
kJ 175
¿ 428 . 8165 ¿ =192.3076923hp
kg 0.91
Actual Work Rated Bo . HP=192.3077 hp
e stage =
( h1−h 2) 14. The percent rating of a 420 m2 water-tube
kJ boiler is 180 % receiving steam at 70C(h =
428 .8165
kg 292.98 KJ/kg) and evaporating it at 2MPa,
¿ 350C(h = 3137 KJ/kg). Find the developed
kJ
( 3195.7−2475 ) boiler horsepower.
kg
e stage =0. 595∨59.5 % Solution:
Developed Bo. HP
Percent Rating= x 100
Rated Bo . HP
12. A large regenerative steam turbine receives
steam at 8.7 MPa, 510C(h = 3419.9 KJ/kg) Developed Bo . HP
¿ x 100
HS ( ¿ m )
2
and exhaust at 100 KPa(h = 2517 KJ/kg). The
blades of the turbine are made of pressure- 0.91
compounded stages for both the superheated
Developed Bo . HP
and saturated stages. The blading efficiency 1.8=
after the steam become saturated is x % and 420
the moisture effect of this stage is y %. Find 0.91
the efficiency of this stage. Assume a rotation Developed Bo . HP=830.76923 hp
and leakage loss of 3%.

Solution: 15. A steam boiler was found to have a factor of

evaporation of 1.75 producing 4350 kg/hr of
steam. If the fuel consumption of this boiler is
at 15 kg/min, determine the equivalent
specific evaporation.

Solution:
ESE= ASE ( FE )
m
¿ s ( FE )
mf
kg
4350
hr
¿ ( 1.75 )
13. A water-tube boiler with 175 m2 heating
surface was found to evaporate 1 kg of steam
15 (
kg 60 min
min 1 hr )
per hour at 1.8 MPa(h = 2797.1 KJ/kg). The kg
feedwater is at 66C(h = 276.3 KJ/kg). ESE=8.4583 steam
Determine the rated boiler horsepower. kg fuel
16. The mass of fuel requirement of a steam
boiler is 60 kg/hr in order to produce 650 kg
of steam per hour at 2 MPa,300 C(h = 3022.1
KJ/kg) from feedwater at 75 C(h = 313.93
KJ/kg). Determine the boiler economy.

Solution: 18. Determine the slope of the Willian’s line for a

650 000 KW straight-condensing turbine
Bo. Economy =ASE operating at 6 MPa, 510C(h = 3446 KJ/kg)
ms and exhaust at 10 KPa(h = 2520 KJ/kg). No
¿ load steam factor is 2.19 x 10 6 KJ/hr and
mf combined engine efficiency is 80%.
kg
650 Solution
hr
¿ Wk
kg η gen=
60 Wt
hr
kg steam 6 5 0,000 kW
Bo. Economy =10.83 0.8=
kg fuel Wt
W t =812500 kW
W t =ms ( h1 −h2 )
17. A steam boiler requires 115 liters per hour of
KJ KJ
fuel to produce 875 kg of steam per hour at 812500 =ms∗( 3446−2520 )
2.3 MPa, 340C(h = 3107.8 KJ/kg). Feedwater s kg
is at 50C(h = 209.33 KJ/kg) and fuel oil used
is at 20 API. Find the boiler efficiency.
ms =877 . 4298 (
kg 3600 s
s 1 hr )
kg
Solution: ms =3158747 .3
hr
m s ( hs −hf ) For Point 2,
e bo=
mf ( Qh ) P2 ( x , y )=P2 ( W t , ms )
Qh=41130+139.6 ( API ) ¿ ( 812500 , 3158747 .3 )
¿ 41130+ 139.6 ( 20 API ) For Point 1,
kJ P1 ( x , y )=( 0,2190000 )
¿ 43922
kg y 2− y 1
slope=m=
x 2−x 1
kg kJ 3158747. 3−2190000
875 ( 3107.8−209.33 ) ¿
hr kg 812500
e bo= kg
115
L 1 kg
hr 1 L ( )(
43922
kJ
kg ) slope=1 .1923
kW −hr
e bo=0.5021=50.21% 19. A 5000 KW steam plant has a full load steam
rate of 7 kg of steam per KW.hr. No load steam
consumption may be taken as 10% of the full
load consumption. Calculate the hourly steam
consumption at 90% of the rated load.

Solution:
 W 1=0.5∗( 6500 )
ṁfull load =m sr ( L100 ) ¿ 3250 k W
kg
¿7 ( 5000 kW ) For Point 1m
kW −hr
kg P2 ( x , y )=( 3250 , 278 0 0 )
¿ 35000
hr
ms − y 1=slope ( W −x 1 )
ṁno load =10 % ( ṁfull load ) 51100−27800
ms – 27800= ∗( W −3250 )
75 0 00−3250
(
¿ 0.10 35000
kg
hr )
=3500
kg
hr
ms =0.3247 W +26744.5993(eq 1)

For Unit 2,
No Load: P1 ( x1 , y 1 )=P1 ( 0,3500 ) For Point 2,
Full Load: P2 ( x2 , y 2 )=P2 ( 5000,35000 ) P2 ( W 2 ,m 2 )
For 80% of the rated load: P ( x , y )=P ( L , ṁ ) kg
m2=75,000
hr
L=90 % ( Rated Load ) W 2=8500 kW
¿ 0.9 ( 5000 )=4500 P2 ( x , y )=( 9000 , 75000 )

y− y 1 y 2− y 1
=
x−x 1 x 2−x1 @50% Load,
ṁ−3500 35000−3500 kg
= m1=41,500
4500−0 5000−0 hr
kg W 1=0.5∗( 8500 )=4250 k W
ṁ=31850
hr
P2 ( x , y )=( 4500, 41500 )
20. The steam consumption of the two units of a
steam plant in kg/hr are: Unit 1(6500 KW) –
ml s− y 1=slope ( W −x 1 )
27,800 at 50% load and 51,100 at full load; 75000−41500
ms – 41500= ∗( W −4250 )
Unit 2(8500 KW) – 41,500 at 50% load and 8500−4250
75,000 at full load. Find the total mass of ms=7.8824 W +8000(eq 2)
steam used in kg/hr if the power plant carries
a system load of 5500 KW divided equally
For the Values at the System Load,
between the units.
System Load=5500 kW
Solution: Since,
5500 kW
W 1=W 2= =2750 kW
For Unit 1: 2
For Point 2,
P2 ( W 2 ,m 2 ) For Unit 1,
P2 ( x , y )=( 75000 , 51100 ) ms 1=0.3247 W + 26744.5993

@50% Load, (
ms 1= 0.3247
kg
kW . hr )
x 2750 kW + 26744.5993
kg
hr
kg kg
m1=27,800 ms 1=27637 . 5243
hr hr
For Unit 2, k−1
T 3=r c T 1 ( r )
ms2=7.8824 W +8000
1200 K=r c ( 310.15 K )( 10 )1.4−1
(
ms 2= 7 . 8824 W
kg
kW . hr )
x 2750 kW + 8000
kg
hr
r c =1.5403

kg k
ms 2=29676.6 T 4=T 1 ( r c )
hr 1.4
So, ¿ ( 310.15 K )( 1.5403 )
mstotal =ms 1+ m s 2 ¿ 567.8388 K
kg kg
mstotal =27637 .5243 +29676 .6

mstotal =57314.1243
hr
kg
hr
e cycle=1− (
1 567.8388−310.15
1.4 1200−779.0616 )
hr e cycle=0.5627=56.27 %

21. The heat generated by fuel is 2500 KW. If the
jacket water loss is 40 %. Determine the mass
of water circulated in the engine if the
temperature rise is 60.
Solution:
23. A 39.37 cm x 55.88 cm x 327 rpm, 16 cylinder,
4-cycle stationary diesel engine is connected
to a 3125 KVA (80% power factor) generator.
It also drives a 65 KW exciter. Assume a
generator, efficiency of 85% determine bmep at
rated load.

q j= ṁ j ( C pj ) ∆ T Solution:
loss j ( Q )= ṁ j ( C pj ) ∆ T
WB
0.40 ( 2500 kW )=ṁ j 4.187 (
kJ
kg−K
60 ℃) b mep=
LAN
WB
¿
ṁ j =3.9806
kg
s
L ( π4 d )( 12 n n )
2
c

Wk
22. An engine working on ideal Diesel cycle with η gen=
WB
pressure of 100 KPa and temperature of 37C
at the beginning of compression process. The Pgenerator −Pexciter
η gen=
peak temperature of the cycle is not to exceed WB
1200 K and a compression ratio of 10.
3125 KVA ( 0.85 )−65 kW
Determine the cycle thermal efficiency. 0.85=
WB
Solution: W B=3048.5294 kW
QL WB
e cycle =1− b mep=
QH LAN

( )
1 T 4−T 1 3048.5294 kW
¿ 1− ¿
( )[ ( ) ] [ 12 (327 min )(
2
k T 3−T 2 1m π 1m rev 1
55.88 cm 39.37 cm x
T 2=T 1 ( r )
k−1 100 cm 4 100 cm
1.4−1 b mep=1027.8430 kPa
¿ 310.15 K ( 10 )
¿ 779.0616 K
24. Specification of a 4-cylinder, 4-cycle diesel Pgen
engine are 10.16 cm x 15.24 cm x 900 rpm. η gen=
Pb
Mechanical efficiency, 90%. Find the KW
output of a direct-connected generator of 90% 975 kW
¿
efficiency when the indicated mep is 650 1218.75 kW
kg/cm2. η gen=0.80=80 %
Solution:

W I =Ind mep ( LAN

60 )
26. Determine the brake power of an engine
having a brake thermal efficiency of 50% and

[ ](
uses 25º API fuel with fuel consumption of 0.7

( 1001mcm )[ π4 (10.16 cm x 100 cm ) ] [ 2 (900 min ) 4 ]

2
kg/hr.1 m 1 rev
15.24 cm

( ) )
2 2
kg 100 cm 9.81 N
W I =650 2 2 Solution:
cm 1m 60 s 1 kg
Pb
N−m ηtb =
W I =2363555.926 ( mf ) Q h
s
kN−m Pb
¿ 2363.5559 0.50=

¿ 2363.5559 kW
s
(0.7 kghr )( 3600
1 hr
)s [ 41130+ 139.6 (25 ° API ) ] kJkg
WB Pb=4.3381 kW
ηmech =
WI
WB 27. A diesel cycle operates with a compression
0.9= ratio of 15 and with a cut-off occurring at 6%
2363.5559 kW of the stroke. One cu.ft. of air at 14 psia and 90
W B=2127.20031 kW F is used. Determine the cycle thermal
W efficiency.
η gen= k
WB
Solution:
Wk
0.90= r c k −1
2127.20031 kW
k ( r c −1 )
W k =1914.4803 kW e cycle=1− k−1
r
25. A 975 KW diesel electric plant has a brake V1
thermal efficiency of 45 %. If the heat
r=
V2
generated by fuel is 9,000,000 kJ/hr. What is
the generator efficiency? 1 ft 3
15=
V2
Solution: 3
V 2=0.0667 ft
Pb
ηtb =
( mf ) Q h V3
rc=
Pb V2
0.45=
V 2+ 0.06V D
9750000 (
kJ 1 hr
hr 3600 s ) ¿
V2
kJ V 2+ 0.06 ( V 1−V 2 )
Pb=1218.75 =1218.75 kW ¿
s V2
0.0667+0.06 ( 1−0.0667 )
¿
0.0667
¿ 1.84
29. A 4-stroke, 8-cylinder diesel engine with bore
1.841.4 −1
and stroke of 9 in. x 20 in., respectively and
1.4 ( 1.84−1 ) speed of 1000 rpm has a brake mean effective
e cycle=1−
151.4 −1 pressure of 60 psi. Determine the engine
brake power.
e cycle=0.6119=61.19 %
Solution:
28. What ideal thermal efficiency is possible from Pb=P mb ( V D )

( )
a Diesel having a compression ratio of 10 air. 2
πD lb
Fuel ratio is 40:1 and the heating value of fuel ¿ Pmb ln n c n p =60 2 ¿
4 ¿
is 60000 KJ / kg? Initial temperature is 16C
with Cp = 1.0467 kJ/kg .K.
lb−¿
Pb=5089380.099 ¿
Solution: s

( )
lb−ft 0.0018 hp
T 1=16+273=289 K ¿ 424115
s lb −ft
k−1 1
T 2=T 1 r k s
Pb=763.4070.13 hp
T 2=289 K (10 )1.4−1
30. An 8-cylinder diesel engine, 4-stroke cycle,
T 2=725 . 9352 K 550 rpm, 400 mm x 475 mm is directly
coupled to a 7500 KW AC generator 13,800 V,
3- phase, 60 cycles and 93% efficiency.
mf Calculate the brake horsepower of Diesel
Q a=¿Q h x
ma Engine.
Solution:
kJ 1 kg fuel
Qa=60 ,000 x P gen
kg−fuel 40 kg air BHP=
kJ ηgen
Qa=1500
kg air
Qa=cpa ( T 3−T 2 )
¿
7500 kW
0.93 (
1 hp
0.746 kW )
BHP=10810.3433 hp
1500
kJ
kgair (
= 1.0467
kJ
kg−K )
(T 3−550.156) K 31. A gas turbine working on a simple ideal
Brayton cycle has a temperature of 300 K at
T 3=1983 .23138 K the inlet of the compressor and 1200 K at the
T3 inlet of the turbine. The cycle produces a net
rc= power of 3 MW with a pressure ratio of 30.
T2 Determine the mass flow rate of air in kg/s.
1 983 .23138 K
rc=
725 . 9352 K Solution:
r c =2.7320 W net =W t−W c
1 r c −1
k
¿ ṁC p ( T 3 −T 4 )− ṁC p ( T 2−T 1 )
e=1− k−1
x k−1
kxr r c −1 T2
1.4 =( r ) k
1 2. 7320 −1 T1
e=1− x
1.4 x 10
1.4−1
2. 7320−1 T2 1.4−1
1.4
e=0. 4936∨49. 36 % = (30 )
300 K
T 2=792.7859 K
T3 k−1 ( 693.7070−320 ) K
=( r ) k BWR=
T4 ( 1350−622.7413 ) K
1.4−1 BWR=0.5139
1200 K 1.4
= (30 )
T4
T 4=454.0949 K 33. A simple gas turbine has a temperature of 300
K at the inlet of the compressor and 1200 K at
the inlet of the turbine. The cycle produces a
W net =ṁ C p [ ( T 3−T 4 ) −( T 2−T 1 ) ]
net power of 7 MW with a pressure ratio of
W net 17. Determine the mass flow rate of air in kg/s
ṁ=
C p [ ( T 3−T 4 ) −( T 2−T 1 ) ] if both the compressor and turbine have 85 %
isentropic efficiency.
3 kJ Solution:
1 x 10
s W net =W t ' −W c '
ṁ=
kJ k−1
1.005
kg−K
[ ( 1200−454.0949 )−( 792.7859−300T)2] K
= ( r ) k
T1
kg
ṁ=3.93 T2 1.4−1
s = (17 )
1.4
300 K
32. Consider an ideal Brayton cycle with a T 2 =674.0282 K
maximum and minimum temperatures of T3 k−1
k
1350 K and 320 K. The pressure ratio of the =( r )
cycle is 15, determine the backwork ratio T 4
1.4−1
1200 K 1.4
Solution: = (17 )
T4
T 4=534.1022 K
Wc
BWR= W '
WT eT = t
Wt
ṁC p ( T 2 −T 1 )
¿ W t =e T W t =eT [ ṁC p ( T 3−T 4 ) ]
ṁC p ( T 3−T 4 )
'

Wc
( T 2−T 1) ec=
¿ Wc'

( T 3 −T 4 )
W c ṁC p ( T 2−T 1 )
Wc =
' =
T2 k−1 ec ec
=r k
( )
T1
(
ṁ 1
T2
320 K
1.4−1
= (15 ) 1.4
kJ
5000 =0.85 ṁ 1.005
s [( kJ
kg−K )
( 1200−534.1022 ) K −
]
T 2=693.7070 K kg
ṁ=39.49
T3 k−1 s
k
=( r )
T4
1.4 −1
1350 K 1.4
34. The pressure ratio of an air-standard Brayton
= (15 ) cycle is 15 with a minimum and maximum
T4
temperatures of 530 R and 970 R,
T 4=622.7413 K
 respectively. Determine the cycle thermal Btu
efficiency. Q A =329950.669
s
Solution:
1 36. What is the mass flow rate of a gas turbine
e th ,brayton=1− k−1
power plant operating at a suction pressure of
r k
101.325 KPa, 30 C and a pressure ratio of 9 if
1 200,000 J/hr of heat is added to the cycle?
¿ 1− 1.4−1 Temperature of flue gas entering the turbine
1.4
15 is at 270 C.
e th ,brayton=0.5387=53.87 %
Solution:
35. A Brayton cycle operating at 500 R and 750 R Q A =ṁC p ( T 3 −T 2 )
minimum and maximum temperatures is k −1
T2 k
found to produce 3.2 x 108 Btu/hr of work. =( 7 )
For a pressure ratio of 3, determine the T1
amount of heat added. 1.4−1
T2 1.4
(
=7 )
Solution:
( 30+273.15 ) K
T 2=528.5842 K
Q A =ṁC p ( T 3 −T 2 )
T2
T1
k−1
=( r ) k →
T2
500 R
1.4−1
=( 3 ) 1.4
200
kJ
hr (
= ṁ 1.005
kJ
kg−K )
[ ( 270+273.15 )−528.5842 ] K

T 2=684.3691 R
k−1 1.4−1
ṁ=13.6625 (
kg 1hr
hr 3600 s )
T3 k 750 R 1.4 kg
=( r ) → =( 3 ) ṁ=0.038
T4 T4 s
T 4=547.9499 .11 R
37. A simple gas turbine takes air at 100 KPa, 30 C
W net =W t−W c =ṁC p ( T 3 −T 4 )−ṁ C p ( T 2−T 1) and is compressed to 350 KPa. The gas leaves
the combustor at 366 C. Find the network. Use
W net =ṁ C p [ ( T 3−T 4 ) −( T 2−T 1 ) ] Cpa = 0.24 and Cpg = 0.27 kcal/kg C.
W net
ṁ= Solution:
C p [ ( T 3−T 4 ) −( T 2−T 1 ) ] P2 350 kPa
8 Btu
r= = =3.5
3.2 x 10 P1 100 kPa
hr W net =W t−W c
ṁ=
Btu
0.241
lbm−R
[ ( 750−547.9499 )−( 684.3691−500¿)ṁC
] R pg ( T 3−T 4 )−ṁ C pa ( T 2 −T 1 )
k−1 1.4−1
T2 T2
lbm 1hr
( )
k 1.4
¿ 75097609.29 (
=r ) → (
= 3.5 )
hr 3600 s T 1 30 ℃
T 2=42.9111 ℃
lbm
ṁ=20860.4470 k−1
s T3 k
=( r )
T4
lbm
(Btu
)
1.4−1
Q A =20860.4470 0.241 ( 750−684.3691366
) R ℃ =( 3.5 ) 1.4
s lbm−R T 4
T 4=255.8781℃

W net =ṁ [ C pg ( T 3−T 4 ) −C pa ( T 2 −T 1 ) ]

[
W net =( 1 ) 0.27
kcal
kg ℃
( 366−255.8781 ) ℃−0.24
kcal
kg ℃
( 42.9111−30 ) ℃ ]
W net =26.6342
kg 1 kcal(
kcal 4.186 kJ
)
kJ 39. An ideal gas turbine power plant takes in air
W net =111.4910
kg at 30 C and 100 KPa. The compression is up to
850 KPa and produces x KJ/kg of work. The
38. A gas turbine producing 1500 KW of power is compressor utilizes 255 KJ/kg of work. If the
operating at an inlet temperature of 1250 C. plant has a regenerator with an effectiveness
The pressure ratio is 10 and the specific heat of y, determine the increase of its efficiency.
of the flue gas is 1.215 KJ/kg C. For a mass Use Cpa = 0.24 kcal/kg K and fuel-air ratio of
flow rate of 1 kg/sec, determine the air-fuel 0.025.
ratio.

Solution:

T 3=1250+273=1523 K 40. A gas turbine plant receives 75000 liters/min

of air producing 125 KW of power. Generator

( )
k−1
T 4 P4 k efficiency is 90%. Fuel air ratio is 0.01 and
=
T 3 P3 heating value of the fuel is at 45420 KJ/kg.
Determine the plant thermal efficiency.

( )
k−1
P4 k
T 4=T 3 x
P3 Solution:
Wb
( )
1.4−1
1 ηth =
¿ 1523 K 1.4
Ec
10
¿ 788.834 K
( )
mf =
F
m
A a

W T =mg C pg ( T 3−T 4 ) ¿( )
F
ρ Q
A a a
¿ m a (1+ f ) C pg ( T 3−T 4 )
( )( )
3
kg L 1min 1m
WT ¿ 0.01 1.225 75000 x x
f '= −1 m 3
min 60 s 1000 L
ma C pg ( T 3−T 4 ) kg
¿ 0.0153125
kJ s
1500
s Ec=mf ( HHV )
f '= −1
( )(
1
kg
s
1.215
kJ
kg−C )
(1523−788.834 ) ¿ 0.0153125
kg
s (45420
kJ
kg )
f ' =0. 6816 kJ
1 ¿ 695.4938 =695.4938 kW
f= s
0. 6816 Wk
f =1 . 467 η gen=
Wb
 125 kW
0.9=
Wb
W b =138.8889 kW
138.8889 kW
ηth =
695.4938 kW
ηth =0.19969=19.969 %