Research report

Additionally, robotics and AI also play a pivotal role in the development of meteorology and

astronomy. To clarify, with the help of AI in meteorology, experts can forecast the weather more

quickly and accurately with a more efficient forecast quality. As a result, residents can have better

preparation to avoid hazardous weather situations. It has been proven that the results of precipitation

estimates from AI-based rain gauges are more accurate than non-AI-based traditional measuring

devices (Dewitte, Cornelis, Müller and Munteanu 2021). In the field of astronomy, thanks to the

development of AI and technological innovation, experts can easily and intensively explore the

universe as well as look for life on other planets. According to Yeung (2020), by the use of AI, British

astronomers have discovered 50 new planets from old data of the National Aeronautics and Space

Administration (NASA). It is considered to be a significant breakthrough in astronomy. However,

people who disagree with the application of AI may assume that AI still has certain errors. In many

cases, it can make incorrect forecasts about the weather, such as the arrival time or the path of storms.

Moreover, they also point out that the research and manufacture of robots and AI in astronomy take a

huge amount of money, time and determined attempts but still receive no concrete results. Actually,

this is marginally true; however, the advantages of AI and robotics are undeniable. Along with weather

forecasting, AI also appreciably contributes to meteorology by its better skill scores in nowcasting

(Dewitte, Cornelis, Müller and Munteanu 2021). To interpret, nowcasting is defined as a current

detailed forecast of the weather (such as surface radiation, heavy precipitation and thunderstorms) on a

timescale of a few hours. Furthermore, according to NASA (2021), their most modern self-propelled

robot car called Mars Perseverance rover has successfully collected the first Mars rock sample in

September 2021. Hence, the technology of robotics and AI can pave the way for the considerable

development of meteorology and astronomy.