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Welcome back to the second of three.

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Videos in a miniseries on the functional deficits associated with cerebral territory strokes. In this video,
we'll be focusing on.

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The middle cerebral artery.

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To work out the likely symptoms, you first need to know the distribution of the artery in question, in this
case.

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The middle cerebral artery, and secondly, know.

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The function of the areas of the brain it supplies.

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We'll begin by talking about the anatomy of the middle cerebral artery.

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As you can see here, it arises.

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From the antilateral part of the circle.

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Of Willis on the inferior aspect of.

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The brain as it then passes through.
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The Sylvian fissure, also called the lateral fissure.

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It gives off a number of small.

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Branches, called the lenticular strike branches to.

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Important deep structures in the brain. If we then look at a lateral view, we can follow the two major
superficial branches of the MCA further after they have emerged from the Sylvian Fisher.

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The superior superficial branch leaves the Sylvian Fisher and travels superiorly along the convexity.

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Of the brain surface.

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Unsurprisingly, the inferior branch leaves the Sylvian.

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Fissure and travels inferiorly.

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That summarizes the anatomy of the middle cerebral artery. The lenticular strike branches supply
important deep.

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Structures, including much of the basal ganglia and part of the internal capsule. The basal ganglia are
important in motor control.

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The internal capsule contains tracks passing to.
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And from the cerebral cortex, including ascending sensory and descending motor tracks from the face
and body. The superficial divisions, namely the superior and.

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Inferior branches, supply the lateral parts of.

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The primary motor and somatose sensory strips. However, in the dominant hemisphere, which is.

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By far most commonly on the left.

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The superficial divisions also supply brockers and.

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Vernacas area, which are crucially important in producing and planning speech.

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In both hemispheres.

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They also supply other association areas which.

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Have less welldefined functions but include spatial awareness. We can now piece this information
together to predict the symptoms from an MCA stroke.

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The content already covered should have given you enough knowledge to work out what the symptoms
are likely to be.

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Given that you know the location of the influence and which hemisphere is affected.
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I'll go through some of the more.

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Common MCA strokes to help exemplify.

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The most common type of MCA stroke.

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Is called the lacqueuna stroke, which affects.

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Only small anticuloster arteries and is commonly caused by hypertension. Damage to the basal ganglia
and internal capsule causes contralateral, hemiprosis and contralateral.

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Sensory loss may also be present. A superficial division, in fact, will cause.

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Contralateral face and arm weakness and sensory loss. However, the lower limbs are not affected.

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Because they are supplied by the parasitel Lobule on the medial surface of the.

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Brain, which is supplied by the anterior cerebral artery. The upper face will also be spared because it's
bilaterally innovated. To revise this, see our video on the corticobalba tract.

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If the info occurs in the dominant hemisphere, there may also be signs of.

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Aphasia due to damage to broccoli and or vernica's area. However, if the infarction occurs in the.
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Nondominant hemisphere, the patient may present with disturbance or spatial awareness, so called
contralateral neglect due to damage to the nondominant association areas.

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If the proximal part of the MCA is included prior to the lenticular strike.

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Branches, one can expect a combination of symptoms from both the lenticular strike branches and the
superficial divisions. Finally, it should be mentioned that due.

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To the massive area supplied by the.

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MCA, large MCA strokes can cause a serious condition called malignant middle cerebral artery
syndrome, which is characterized by evolving cerebral edema, raise intracranial pressure, diminish
consciousness and potentially death.

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So, to summarize, the symptoms of an.

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MCA stroke will depend on the location.

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Of the pathology and may typically affect the arm, the of face and speech.

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But remember, not all strokes present as they do in the textbook.

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