14/2014 Aaugust

[ACOUSTIC DESIGN FOR MULTI PURPOSE]

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGNING TECHNOLOGY
CIVIL DEVISION

NAME ID
1 DAWIT KETEMA TIE 0262/10
2 ABEL TILAHUN TIE 796/11
3 AYENACHEW ADIGO TIE 766/11
4 ESAYASE ASNAKE TIE 0339/10
 INFORMATION GATHERING

This paper presents the acoustic design of a 1200-seat multipurpose town hall in Addis Ababa around 4 kilo facing Abrehot library in
the left & National palace in the right. The design goal was to create a multipurpose hall for different kinds of events varying from
movies and theatre performances to acoustic and amplified music. In addition to the acoustic design, also the functional design of
the hall was commented on in the early phase of design. Particular emphasis was laid upon the support facilities and their logistics
and demand. These spaces, such as foyers, green rooms and control space are of utmost importance regarding the function of the
hall. Also, the audiovisual systems were taken into account in the early phase of design to make sure they became an integral part of
the function of the hall and the whole Auditorium.

Multi-purpose Auditorium is a space that is well-equipped to accommodate a wide variety of events or activities.
 ACOUSTIC DESIGN OF THE MULTIPURPOSE HALL
The goal for the acoustic design was to create a hall that provides good acoustic conditions for events varying from speech
performances to acoustic and amplified music. The hall was designed as multifunctional space, using variable acoustics. The hall was
designed as mainly concrete structure. This had to be considered in acoustic design and material choices, to ensure sufficient
amount of absorption at low frequencies. The other challenge is Fiberglass 75mm 3” thick curtains designed by the architect. These
curtains were designed to hang in front of every wall. Behind these curtains, only 75mm deep space was left for acoustic treatment
and for audiovisual equipment’s, electricity and ventilation. The hall is roughly 15.1 meters wide, 235.76 meters long and 10 meters
high. The rear wall of the stage is tilted. There is a proscenium on the stage; when it is needed, the proscenium will be made with
stage curtains. The stage curtains can be moved to storage, so they do not affect the acoustics of the hall when they are not needed.

Design goals The following values were used as a direction of the acoustic design of the hall. The values are design guidelines for different uses,
for a hall of this size

TOWN HALL

The most important of these parameters is reverberation time. Reverberation time is defined as the time it takes for an impulse of sound in a
room to decay 60 dB, or one millionth of the original level. This value is affected by most everything in the room, including room volume,
absorption of room materials, diffusion from surfaces, and room temperature and pressure. An estimate of reverberation time is given by the
Sabine Equation

Reverberation time (T60): between 0.5 to 2.5 second –

- Reflectors for the early reflection are needed, especially for speech without microphone

: - Reverberation time (T60): < 1.5 second (rather < 1 second), for the lower frequency the reverberation time should remain as Theatre and
other speech performances

- It is important that there will be support reflections for the performer, and early reflections for the audience.
2. ACCOUSTIC DESIGN

For the side walls of the hall it was designed single and double board structures, with varying depth. These enable the control of the lower
frequency absorption. The variations of the depth (75 – 10 mm) create also diffusing surface. The adjustable acoustic was designed with heavy
curtains with mechanical adjusts. The plywood curtains are located on the side and front of the stage, with two transverse curtains in the ceiling.
Curtains are motorized roller curtain, that must carry their own weight and bear the stretch from the guide rail. All the curtains have their own
case or storage place, so they won’t affect to the acoustics when they are not needed. The curtains are separated in five control groups, from
which two of are motorized, two manual and one for the curtains in the ceiling. There are no extra absorbing curtains in the stage besides the
normal stage curtains.

The interior architecture of the hall is created with a wood board placed in front of acoustic elements and technical installation. To enable as
high acoustic adjustability as possible, the board was chosen to be as acoustically transparent as possible. The different options for the wood
board were measured, and the net whose perforation was more than 50 % was chosen to ensure the acoustic transparency. In addition to the
danger of acoustic reflections, too tight net in front of the hard wall would increase the absorption of high frequencies. Since the amount of the
net in the space is huge, effect to the absorption in the hall would be significant, lowering the reverberation time at high frequencies. This would
affect especially to the acoustical purpose of performances, where the plywood of the hall would lose its brightness. Reflecting and diffusing
elements were designed for the ceiling to ensure early reflections and speech intelligibility. The floor of the hall is hard wood flooring on top of
concrete. The stage floor is medium hard 45 mm solid wood parquet, with absorbing material.
 CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT

COFFEE is a stimulants ingredient

COFFEE can support social connection

COFFEE can harmonize & unity

VOLUME & AREA

The volume of one person is 4.5m^2 for a multipurpose auditorium

For 1200 people volume will be = 4.5m^2 *1200 = 5400M^3

Volume ratio of a multipurpose auditorium is

H:W:L

1:2.5:5

And also we can take the height of auditorium from the average of (1/3 width to 2/3 width)

L= 35.76m

W=15.10m

H=10m

To check the volume of the seat

V=L*W*H
=35.76m*15.10m*10m=5399.76m3

We add 25% circulation for the volume of the seating area

5399.76m^3+25% = 6749.7m^3
6749.7m^3 is the volume of auditorium without stage

Distance between rows is 1.05m

Distance of the width of seat is 0.6m

The occupancy of 1 person is 0.62m2 (L*W=AREA) 1.05*0.6=0.62m2

We have an area for the seating at ground floor 539.76m2~540m2

If we divide 540m^2 to the occupancy of 1 person

540m2/0.62m2= 870 seat at ground level

In balconies 330 seats are set

AREA
540m2 + 25% circulation it gives 675m2

On balconies we set 330 seats In two side

330*.62= 198m2 in balconies

198m2 + 25% circulation it gives 675m2

If we add the balconies & the ground floor area we get

675m2 + 675m2= 675m2

Area of 675m2 for 1200 seat / people.

# MATERIAL COLOR MADE IN BRAND PRODUCT NAME FEATURE ADVANTAGE APPLICAT price in m2 Area Total price
NAME ION In m
FLOOR
 Wood Red Chongqing, CYK Fiber-glass cotton Fire resistance Anti-Moisture Interior 3000 birr 1009 3,027,000
floorind on China Blanket sound insulation birr
joists
 Wood Tobacco 2500 birr 100.1 250,250
parquet on road Guangdong, Yorking Chorophora
China Excelsa
total solution for Sound Indoor birr
concret Hardwood projects
resistance

CEILING
 Gypsum Ceiling 1755 birr 452 793,260
White China WR MgO (magnesium Water Resistant: Fire Resistant birr
Wallboard Grey Mainland Oxide Board) Termite Resistant:

s
 Acoustic 9mm Acoustic Sound Absorption ceiling 4020 birr 1009
Hui Reduce
brown Guangdong, Acoustics Ceiling Board
intensity of 4,056,180
ceiling China birr
sound
board
SEATING
MATERIAL
 Fabric Red shanghai JANET jacquard fabric Breathable, Water
upholster Resistant, Flame Sound Seating 6000 birr 1200 720,000
ed fully Retardant, absorber birr
occupied Waterproof
WALL
 Plywood Shandong, XINFUSHI Formaldehyde Sound
10 mm thick
China Indoor
10mm waterproof
Emission Standards: reflective 2500 birr 285.5 713,750
3/8” birr
commercial
Paneling
airspace plywood
light
breaking 5260 birr
 AcoustiC original Diffuser 156.6 823,872
shooting range Acoustic
wood nature Guangdong, Tianjie shooting range, Panels Indoor birr
sound wood China diffuser acoustic
studio/recording
diffuser panel
room,theater
 Fiberglass 3500 birr
board 194.9 682,150
Beijing, Fiber Glass, glass It has high
75mm 3” RDS good heat Indoor birr
China fiber cloth, epoxy mechanical
thick resistance
resin, Glass fiber properties and and
cloth dielectric mechanical
processing,
properties and low
water
absorption
not easy
deformation.

STAGE
 Plywood
10mm Shandong, XINFUSHI Formaldehyde Sound Indoor 2500 birr 100.1 250,250
China 10 mm thick
3/8” Emission Standards: reflective birr
paneling waterproof
airspace, commercial
light plywood
backing
 Fiberglas Green good heat 3500 birr 248.2 868,700
Beijing, RDS Fiber Glass, glass
 s 75mm China fiber cloth, epoxy It has high resistance Indoor birr
3” thick resin, Glass fiber and
mechanical mechanical
cloth
properties and processing,
and low
dielectric water
absorption
properties
not easy
deformation.
DOOR
 Acoustic Guangdong YZH pivot door Sound public
Thailand Oak /
Door 1 ¾” , China 150,000
insulator
thick Ash / Cherry / birr
wood
Walnut Wood

TOTAL
12,335,412 birr

SELECTED MATERIAL
MATERIAL SURFACE AREA (A) Frequency at room
temperature 500Hz
Reflective Sabine = A*@
 & absorptive
Material
coefficient (@)
FLOOR
 Wood flooring on joists 452m^2 0.05 22.6
 Wood parquet on concrete 1009 m^2 0.83 837.47

CEILING
 Gypsum Wallboards 1009 m^2 0.1 100.9
452 m^2 0.07 31.64
 Acoustic ceiling board

SEATING MATERIAL
 Fabric upholstered fully 522 m^2 0.88 459.36
occupied
WALL
 Plywood 10mm 3/8” 272.4 m^2 0.17 46.308
Paneling airspace light
breaking
 AcoustiC wood sound 169.76 m^2 0.2 33.95
diffuser
 Fiberglass board 75mm 3” 194 m^2 0.99 192.06
thick
STAGE
 Plywood 10mm 3/8” 100.12 m^2 0.17 17.02
paneling airspace, light
backing
 Fiberglass 75mm 3” thick 124.08 m^2 0.99 122.84

DOOR
 Acoustic Door 1 ¾” thick 15 m^2 0.09 1.35
wood

MISCLEOUNEOUS MATERIAL
 Adults per 1/10 persons 120 m^2 0.42 0.4
 High school students per 120 m^2 0.38 45.6
1/10 persons
 Elementary students per 120 m^2 0.28 33.65
1/10 persons

TOTAL SABIN 1964.14 SABIN

VOLUME OF THE AUDITORIUM IS 13147.1m^3

 RT=0.163 VOLUME/ (SURFACE AREA* MATERIAL COFFECIENT)
Since RT is reverberation time

SURFACE AREA* MATERIAL COFFECIENT=SABINE

0.163 is constant

RT=(0.163)13147.1m*3/1964.14sabine

= 1.09 second

That’s excellent for a multi-purpose auditorium

 Design Programing
Multi purpose auditorium Town Hall
Location: Addis Ababa (Goro)
No Floor Room Unit Area
2
Auditurium M 1461
2
Board office M 115
2
Trainimg room M 220
2
Dressing room for male M 30
Dressing room for female 30
1 2
Fainance Office M 115
2
Promotional office M 124
Ground (Auditurium)

2
Male cosmotics room M 38
2
Female cosmotics room M 38
Verenda 187
Marketing office 124
Tickrter 12
Lobby 510
2
Toilet M 114
No Floor Room Unit Area
2
Toilet M 28.5
2
Office room18, 19 & 20 M 77
2 Secratery room 31
Ground Floor
(Back Stage)
2
Clinic M 54
2
Conference hall M 98
Manager office 62
2
Rest Room M 45
Toilet 20

SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGTH
the site is a core area, so infrastructure like electricity . water supply ,
drainage system, road access etc are good
security is excellent because of our site found around the national
palace
good transportation access
the zone of the site is proposed for recreation area
our site is free from a highly sound disturbance of airport & train
station

WEAKNESS
Traffic flow is high so the sound from the vehicles tends to disturbance
Pedestrian movement is limited, because of security. (lack freedom)

OPPORTUNITIES
Aesthetic beauty
Job opportunities

THREATY
Sound of religious & other festival around the site