@]. JAKB ZGK@BKB EWTW ^GIGZLBBK

EBKDAZA IFKPTZWIPA

DBMTBZ APA

A. AKMFZEBPA ^GIGZLBBK
A.2 Dbtb Weue ^gigrlbbk...........................................
^gigrlbbk.................................................................
......................................
................
A.: Hakciup ^gigrlbbk.........................................
^gigrlbbk...............................................................
..............................................
........................
AA. PTZWIT
PTZWITWZ
WZ FZCBKA
FZCBKAPBP
PBPA..
A.....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.......
.......
...
AA.2 ^gkccukb Lbsb.............................................
Lbsb...................................................................
.................................................
...........................
AA.: ^gkygdab Lbsb.............................................
Lbsb...................................................................
..................................................
............................
AA.0 ^gkcbwbs pgigrlbbk.........................................
pgigrlbbk...............................................................
............................................
......................
AA
AAA.
A. LBDSB
LBDSBH
H ^GHBIP
^GHBIPBKB
BKBBK
BK ^GIGZL
^GIGZLBBK
BBK...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.......
........
........
........
....
A]. TBOB^BK
TBOB^BK ^GIGZLBB
^GIGZLBBK....
K.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
...........
................
..............
....
]. CBEJBZ
CBEJBZ DBK P^GPAM
P^GPAMAIB
AIBPA
PA TGIKAP
TGIKAP...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.......
........
........
........
........
........
......
..
].2Cbejbr Dgtbahgd
].2Cbejbr  Dgtbahgd Gkcakggrakc Dgsack 
Dgsack (DGD)......................................
(DGD).............................................
.......
].:Ppgsmaibsa Tgikas.......................................
Tgikas.............................................................
..................................................
............................
]A..
]A ZGK
ZGK@BK
@BKB ^G
^GHBI
HBIPBKB
PBKBB
BK ^GI
^GIGZ
GZL
LBBK ( Egtofd
 Egtofd Ptbtgegkt 
Ptbtgegkt )
]A.2.........................................................................
]A.2.........................................................................Egtfdg
Egtfdg Igrlb ^ghbisbkbbk
...........................................
.................................................................
............................................
...............................................
..............................
.....
]A.:........................................
]A.:..............................................................
............................................
................................
..........Tgkbcb
Tgkbcb Igrlb
.................................................................
.......................................................................................
...............................................
..............................
.....
]A.0......................................................................................................Ebtgrabh
...........................................
.................................................................
............................................
...............................................
..............................
.....
]A.4.....................................................................................................^grbhbtbk
...........................................
.................................................................
............................................
...............................................
..............................
.....
]A.7.........................Bspgi Igsghbebtbk Ifkstruisa (Bkbhasas Igsgobtbk dbk
Igsghbebtbk Igrlb/I0)..............................................................................
Igrlb/I0)................................................................................
]AA.
]AA. ZGK@
ZGK@BK
BKB
B ^GEG
^GEGZA
ZAIP
IPBB
BBK
K DBK
DBK ^GKC
^GKCWL
WLAB
ABK
K ( Akspg`tafk
 Akspg`tafk bkd
Tgst ^hbk/ AT^)..................................................................................................
AT^)..................................................................................................
]AA.2..............................................Tbjgh
]AA.2......................................... .....Tbjgh Zgk`bkb ^gegraisbbk dbk ^gkculabk
...........................................
.................................................................
............................................
...............................................
..............................
.....
 

]AAA.. ^GKCGKDBH
]AAA ^GKCGKDBHABK
ABK PWJ-^
PWJ-^GKQG
GKQGDAB
DAB LBPB
LBPB DBK
DBK ^GEBPF
^GEBPFI.....
I..............
.............
....

JBJ A
AKMFZEBPA ^GIGZLBBK

2.2 DBTB WEWE

WEWE ^GIGZLBB
^GIGZLBBK
K
 Kbeb ^gigrlbbk < ^gigrlbbk ^gejbkcukbk Cgdukc Tbobp Makasoakc
Ibktfr ^gkcbdahbk Bcbeb Eubrb Juhabk.
Hfibsa ^g
^gigrlbbk < LLhh. ^r
^rbeuib Kf
Kf. 2>
2> Eu
Eubrb Ju
Juhabk.
Ifktrbi (Kf & Tbkccbh) < Kfefr < S7-B:/0?1/^H.>2/]/:>20 Tbkccbh 2 Ega :>20.
P^EI (Kf & Tbkccbh)
Tbkccbh) < Kfefr < S7-B:/012
S7-B:/012/^H.>
/^H.>2/]/:
2/]/:>20
>20 Tbkccbh
Tbkccbh 2 Ega :>20.
 Kahba Ifktrbi < Zp. :3?.017.>>>,-
:3?.017.>>>,- (dub
(dub rbtus tuluo puhuo dghbpbk lutb
tacb rbtus Pgejahbk puhuo haeb raju rupabo).
rupabo ).

Pastge Ifktrbi < Maxgd Huep Pue ^ra`g.

Puejgr Dbkb < Ibktfr ^gkcbdahbk Bcbeb Eubrb Juhabk
Sbitu ^ghbisbkbbk
Ebsb Ifktrbi < 2:> ( sgrbtus
 sgrbtus dub puhuo)
puhuo) obra ibhgkdgr dbk pgigrlbbk
obrus sudbo sghgsba pbdb tbkccbh :1 Bcustus :>20.
Tbk
bkc
ccbh
cbh Euhb
Euhbaa Igrl
Igrlbb < >: Ega
Ega :>2
>20
0
Tbkccbh ^OF < >2 Ega :>20
Tbkccbh MOF < :? Fitfjgr :>20
^gkccukb Lbsb

Pbtubk Igrlb < ^gkcbdahbk Bcbeb Eubrb Juhabk

^^I < \bakbh Bjadak, P.Bc
Bhbebt < Lh. ^rbeuib Kf.2> Eubrb Juhabk
^gkygdab Lbsb
 Kbeb < Pybmraybktf
Bhbebt < Lh. Pukbk Jfkbkc Kf.37 Paep. AAA Papak Ig`. Iftb Lbeja
^gkcbwbs ^gigrlbbk
 Kbeb < @]. Akta Tgokai @fksuhtbk
Bhbebt < Lh. Bsbpbrbcus Kf.:3ZT.>0 Igh. Jghaukc Ig`. Iftb

Jbru Lbeja
 

2.: HAKCIW^
HAKCIW^ ^GIGZLB
^GIGZLBBK
BK
Hakc
Hakciu
iup
p Igc
Igcab
abtb
tbk
k < ^gejb
^gejbkc
kcuk
ukbk
bk ^bcb
^bcbrr Ibktf
Ibktfrr ^gkcb
^gkcbda
dahb
hbk
k Bcbeb
Bcbeb Eubr
Eubrbb
Juhabk
 

JBJ AA
PTZWITWZ FZCBKAPBPA
 

:.2 ^gkccukb Lbsb

b) ^gkccukb
^gkccukb Bkccbrbk/I
Bkccbrbk/Iubsb
ubsb ^gkccu
^gkccukb
kb Bkccbr
Bkccbrbk
bk (^B/I^B)
(^B/I^B)
Tgri
Tgriba
batt pg
pgkl
klbe
beak
akbk
bk eutu
eutu db
dbk
k pg
pgkc
kcgk
gkdb
dbha
habk
bk eutu
eutu pg
pghb
hbis
isbk
bkbb
bbk
k
 pgigrlbbk ifkstruisa, ^B/I^B sgjbcba pgeahai pgigrlbbk ifkstruisa
 jgrtbkccukc lbwbj<
 Egejgktui
Egejgktui dbk egkgtbpibk
egkgtbpibk ^bkatab
^bkatab ^gkghata
^gkghata ^ghbisbkbbk
^ghbisbkbbk Ifktrbi 

sgjghue pghbisbkbbk tbobpbk pgkcuiurbk/pgegraisbbk jgrsbeb9

 Egkgraeb obsah pgigrlbbk dbra ^^I sgtghbo Jgratb B`brb Pgrbo Tgraeb
Bioar ^gigrlbbk datgrjatibk9
 Egkgtbp
Egkgtbpibk
ibk ^^O^
^^O^ uktui
uktui eghbiu
eghbiuibk
ibk pgegrai
pgegraisbbk
sbbk bdeaka
bdeakastrb
strbtam 
tam 
tgrobdbp obsah pgigrlbbk ybkc dasgrbotgraebibk9 dbk
 Egky
Egkygr
grbo
boib
ibk
k obsa
obsahh pgig
pgigrl
rlbb
bbk
k sg
sghg
hgsb
sbaa ig
igpb
pbdb
db pg
pgky
kygh
ghgk
gkcc
ccbr
brbb
Akmrbstruitur.
 j) ^glbjbt ^gejubt Ifeategk (^^I)
Tbkccukc lbwbj dbk wgwgkbkc ^^I tgribat dgkcbk pgklbeakbk eutu

dbk pgkcgkdbhabk
pgkcgkdbhabk eutu eghaputa <
 

 ^^I
^^I jgrtbk
jgrtbkccu
ccukc
kc lbwbj
lbwbj btbs
btbs igsghu
igsghuruo
ruobk
bk pghbisb
pghbisbkbb
kbbk
k pgigrl
pgigrlbbk
bbk
ifkstruisa
ifkstruisa sgjbcbaebkb
sgjbcbaebkb ybkc tgr`bktue dbhbe ifktrbi
ifktrbi ifkstruisa
ifkstruisa,,
egk`biup bspgi bdeakastrbsa ifktrbi dbk bspgi tgikas (gkcakggrakc 
( gkcakggrakc ).
).
 ^^I
^^I jg
jgrw
rwgk
gkbk
bkc
c btbs
btbs pg
pgkc
kcgk
gkdb
dbha
habk
bk db
dbk
k pg
pgkc
kcbw
bwbsb
bsbk
k pg
pgig
igrl
rlbbk
bbk
if
ifks
kstru
truis
isa.
a. Igwg
Igwgkb
kbkc
kcbk
bk ak
akaa db
dbpb
pbtt da
daha
haep
epbo
boib
ibk
k sgjbc
sgjbcab
abk
k bt
btbu
bu
igsghuruobk tgrobdbp paobi/tae ybkc datuklui fhgo ^^I.
 ^gkcgkdbhabk ^gigrlbbk Ifkstruisa dahbiuibk uktui egkcgkdbhaibk
 prfsgs dbk obsah pgigrlbbk ^gkygdab sgsuba dgkcbk igtgktubk ifktrbi.
^gkcgkdbha
^gkcgkdbhabk
bk dahbisbkbib
dahbisbkbibk
k jbai pbdb ifktrbi
ifktrbi pgigrlbbk
pgigrlbbk ifkstruisa
ifkstruisa
ebupuk ifktrbi lbsb ifksuhtbksa pgkcbwbsbk pgigrlbbk ifkstruisa.
 ^gkcbwbsbk pgigrlbbk ifkstruisa dahbiuibk uktui egebstaibk prfsgs
 pghbisbkbbk pgigrlbbk fhgo pgkygdab sgsuba dgkcbk igtgktubk
ifktrbi.
 Igwgkbkcbk dbk tbkccukc lbwbj pgkcgkdbhabk pgigrlbbk ifkstruisa
db
dbpb
pbtt dadg
dadghg
hgcb
cbsai
saibk
bk ig
igpb
pbdb
db ^g
^gkc
kcgk
gkdb
dbha
ha ^g
^gig
igrl
rlbbk
bbk yb
ybkc
kc db
dbpb
pbtt
dahbiuibk fhgo stbm ^^I, dbhbe obh aka dasgjut Dargisa Hbpbkcbk, btbu
^gkygdab
^gkygdab Lbsb Ifksuhtbksa
Ifksuhtbksa ybatu Ifksuhtbk Ebkblgegk
Ebkblgegk Ifkstruisa
Ifkstruisa
(EI)9
 =. Igwgkbkcbk dbk tbkccukc lbwbj pgkcbwbsbk pgigrlbbk ifkstruisa
dbpbt dadghgcbsaibk igpbdb ^gkcbwbs ^gigrlbbk ybkc dbpbt dahbiuibk
fhgo
fhgo stbm
stbm ^^I,
^^I, db
dbhbe
hbe ob
obhh ak
akaa da
dasgj
sgjut
ut Da
Dargi
rgisa
sa Tgik
Tgikas
as,, bt
btbu
bu bt
btbu
bu
^gkygdab Lbsb Ifksuhtbksa ybatu Ifksuhtbk ^gkcbwbs.
 3. Dbhbe
Dbhbe obh pgkcgk
pgkcgkdbh
dbhabk
abk dbk pgkcbw
pgkcbwbsbk
bsbk pgigrl
pgigrlbbk
bbk ifkstr
ifkstruis
uisaa
dahb
dahbiu
iuib
ibk
k fhgo
fhgo ^gky
^gkygd
gdab
ab Lb
Lbsb
sb Ifks
Ifksuh
uhtb
tbks
ksa,
a, ebib
ebib ^g
^gky
kygd
gdab
ab Lb
Lbsb
sb
Ifks
Ifksuh
uhtb
tbks
ksaa wbla
wblaj
j egky
egkyus
usuk
uk ^r
^rfc
fcrb
rbe
e Eutu
Eutu sg
sgjb
jbcb
cbaa jg
jgkt
ktui 
ui 
 pgklbeakbk eutu.
`) ^bkata
^bkatabb ^gegrai
^gegraisb
sb Obsah
Obsah ^gigrl
^gigrlbbk
bbk (^^O^
(^^O^))
Tbkccukc
Tbkccukc lbwbj dbk wgwgkbkc
wgwgkbkc ^^O^ tgribat dgkcbk
dgkcbk pgklbeakbk
pgklbeakbk
eutu
eutu dbk pgkcgk
pgkcgkdbh
dbhabk
abk eutu
eutu eghapu
eghaputa
ta pgegrai
pgegraisbbk
sbbk bdeaka
bdeakastrb
strbtam
tam tgrobd
tgrobdbp
bp
obsah pgigrlbbk ifkstruisa ybkc dasgrbotgraebibk dbra ^^I igpbdb ^B/I^B.
d) ^gklbe
^gklbeak
ak Eutu
Eutu pbdb
pbdb Wkat
Wkat Frcb
Frcbkas
kasbsa
bsa
 

 ^gklbeak Eutu pbdb Wkat Frcbkasbsa egrupbibk uksur pgkduiukc

 pbdb struitur pgkyghgkccbrb prfygi dbk tadbi tgrhajbt sg`brb hbkcsukc
dbhb
dbhbe
e pgkc
pgkcbe
beja
jahb
hbk
k igpu
igputu
tusb
sbk
k tg
tgri
riba
batt pghb
pghbis
isbk
bkbb
bbk
k pg
pgig
igrl
rlbb
bbk
k
ifkstruisa
ifkstruisa,, ybkc egeahaia
egeahaia mukcsa
mukcsa pgrueusbk
pgrueusbk igjalbibk,
igjalbibk, pgejakbbk
pgejakbbk
tgikas, dbk pgkcbwbsbk pghbisbkbbk igjalbibk.
 ^gklbeak eutu egeahaia tucbs egkyusuk stbkdbrd bk pgdfebk tgikas
yb
ybkc
kc jg
jgrhb
rhbiu
iu pb
pbdb
db ebsa
ebsakc
kc-e
-ebsa
bsakc
kc uk
ukat
at fr
frcb
cbka
kasb
sbsa,
sa, eghb
eghbiu
iuib
ibk
k
 jaejakcbk tgikas, eghbiuibk pgebktbubk dbk gvbhubsa sgrtb
 pghbpfrbk.
:.: ^gkygdab Lbsb
b) Igpb
Igpbhb
hb ^rf
rfyg
ygi 
i 
Igpbhb prfygi jgrtbkccukc lbwbj btbs sghuruo pghbisbkbbk pgigrlbbk
ifkstruisa dbk egeahaia tucbs <
 Egebsta
Egebstaibk
ibk tgr`bp
tgr`bpbak
bakyb
yb sbsbrbk
sbsbrbk pgigrl
pgigrlbbk
bbk dbra
dbra sgca
sgca eutu,
eutu, jabyb,
jabyb,
wbitu, Igsghbebtbk Ifkstruisa dbk hakciukcbk igrlb9
 Egkyghgsbaibk ebsbhbo ybkc tgrlbda tgrebsui egrgk`bkbibk takdbibk
 pgk`gcbobk tgrobdbp ebsbhbo ybkc eukciak
eukciak tgrlbda9
 Egkciffrdakbsaibk pghbisbkbbk pgigrlbbk ybkc da pgrhuibk9

 Eghbpfribk pghbisbkbbk pgigrlbbk.

b) Ebkb
Ebkblg
lgrr ^gh
^ghbi
bisb
sbkb
kb
Ebkb
Ebkblg
lgrr pg
pghb
hbis
isbk
bkbb egea
egeaha
haia
ia tu
tucb
cbss db
dbk
k tbkcc
tbkccuk
ukc
c lb
lbwb
wbj
j sgjbc
sgjbcba
ba
 jgraiut <
 Egrgk`
Egrgk`bkb
bkbibk
ibk egtfdg
egtfdg pghbis
pghbisbkb
bkbbk,
bk, pgegrai
pgegraisbbk
sbbk dbk pgkcul
pgkculabk
abk
tgribat eutu pgigrlbbk9 dbk
 Eghbis
Eghbisbkb
bkbibk
ibk pgigrlb
pgigrlbbk
bk ifkstr
ifkstruis
uisaa sgsuba
sgsuba dgkcbk
dgkcbk sbsbrbk
sbsbrbk eutu,
eutu,
 jabyb, wbitu, dbk Igsghbebtbk Ifkstruisa dbk hakciukcbk
hakciukcbk igrlb.
 j) Wkat ^gkcgkdbha Jabyb
Wkat pgkcgkdbha jabyb jgrmukcsa egejbktu igpbhb prfygi dbhbe obh <
 Egkgtbpibk Zgk`bkb ^gegraisbbk dbk ^gkculabk9

 Egkcgejbkcibk dbk egebktbu pghbisbkbbk prfsgdur pgkcgkdbhabk

eutu9
 

 Jgri
Jgriff
ffrd
rdak
akbsa
bsa dg
dgkc
kcbk
bk Da
Dargi
rgisa
sa Hbpb
Hbpbkc
kcbk
bk/I
/Ifk
fksu
suht
htbk
bk EI tg
tgri
riba
batt
dgk
gkc
cbk rgk`
rgk`bk
bkbb pgegr
gegrai
aisb
sbbk
bk dbk pg
pgk
kcu
cula
labk
bk sg
sgrt
rtbb prf
rfsg
sgd
dur 
 pgkcgkdbhabk eutu9
 Eghbiuibk budat aktgrkbh btbs igsgsubabk pghbisbkbbk pgigrlbbk ybkc
dahbisbkbibk tae ifkstruisa dbk igsgsubabk pghbisbkbbk pgegraisbbk
dbk pgkculabk ybkc dahbiuibk tae pgkcgkdbha eutu9
  Egkyusuk Zgk`bkb Eutu ^gigrlbbk Ifkstruisa (ZE^I).
`) Wkat
Wkat ^gkc
^gkcgk
gkdb
dbha
ha Eutu
Eutu
Wkat pgkcgkdbha eutu jgrtucbs <
 Eghbiuibk pgegraisbbk

 Egrgifegkdbsaibk takdbibk pgrjbaibk ybkc dapgrhuibk

 Egejubt hbpfrbk obsah pgegraisbbk

d) Wkat
Wkat Bdea
Bdeaka
kast
strb
rbsa
sa
Wkat
Wkat bdbdea
eaka
kastr
strbsa
bsa egej
egejgr
grai
aibk
bk du
duiu
iukc
kcbk
bk bd
bdea
eaka
kastr
strbsa
bsa tg
tgro
robd
bdbp
bp
igcabtbk prfygi ybkc eghaputa <
 ^gkbtb usbobbk

 ^geghaobrbbk dfiuegk prfygi 

:.
:.0
0 ^gkgkcb
cbwb
wbss ^g
^gigr
igrlbbk
bbk
b) ^g
^gkc
kcbw
bwbs
bs Hbp
Hbpbk
bkcb
cbk
k
^gkc
^gkcbw
bwbs
bs hbpbk
hbpbkcb
cbk
k bd
bdbh
bhbo
bo fr
frbk
bkc
c yb
ybkc
kc eghb
eghbiu
iuib
ibk
k pg
pgkc
kcbw
bwbsb
bsbk
k
tgrobdbp pghbisbkbbk pgigrlbbk bpbibo sgsuba dgkcbk igtgktubk ybkc tghbo
dasgp
dasgpbi
bibt
btaa bc
bcbr
br db
dbpb
pbtt egej
egejgr
grai
aibk
bk hb
hbpf
pfrbk
rbk ig
igpb
pbdb
db ^aep
^aepak
akbk
bk ^rfy
^rfygi 
gi 
egkcgk
egkcgkba
ba iubhat
iubhatbs
bs ebtgrab
ebtgrabhh dbk pgrbhb
pgrbhbtbk
tbk ybkc
ybkc dacukb
dacukbibk
ibk sgsuba
sgsuba dgkcbk
dgkcbk
rgk`bkb btbu jghue. Tucbs dbk tbkccukc lbwbj pgkcbwbs hbpbkcbk ybatu <
 Eghbis
Eghbisbkb
bkbibk
ibk pgkcbw
pgkcbwbsbk
bsbk pgigrl
pgigrlbbk
bbk da hbpbkc
hbpbkcbk,
bk, sgoakc
sgoakccb
cb tgtbp
tgtbp
tgrhbisbkb dgkcbk jbai sgsuba dgkcbk rgk`bkb igrlb.
 Egkbep
Egkbepuk
ukc
c sgcbhb
sgcbhb pgrsfb
pgrsfbhbk
hbk da hbpbkc
hbpbkcbk
bk dbk egkybe
egkybepba
pbaibk
ibkkyb
kyb
igpbdb pgeaepak prfygi.
 Egejbktu survgy dbk egkcuepuhibk dbtb da hbpbkcbk.

 Egklbc
Egklbcbb ou
oujuk
jukcbk
cbk jbai
jbai dgkcbk
dgkcbk akstbsa
akstbsa sgrtb
sgrtb ebsybr
ebsybrbib
bibtt sgtgepb
sgtgepbtt
ybkc jgroujukcbk dgkcbk pgigrlbbk.

Egkghata hbpfrbk juhbkbk ybkc dasgrboibk
dasgr boibk fhgo ifktbitfr.
 

 j) Rubhaty Gkcakggr 

Tucbs Rubhaty Gkcakggr ybatu <
 Jgrtbkccukc lbwbj igpbdb Patg Gkcakggr .

 Egky
Egkygr
grbo
boib
ibk
k igpb
igpbdb
db Patg
Patg Gkca
Gkcakg
kggr
gr oa
oaep
epuk
ukbk
bk db
dbtb
tb ju
juhb
hbkb
kbk
k
 pgkcgkdbhabk eutu pbhakc hbejbt 24 juhbk jgraiutkyb. Oaepukbk dbtb
obrus egk`biup sgeub tgs hbjfrbtfraue dbk hbpbkcbk sg`brb lghbs dbk
tgrpgrak`a.
 Eghbiu
Eghbiuibk
ibk sgeub
sgeub bkbhas
bkbhasbb sgeub
sgeub tgs,
tgs, tgrebs
tgrebsui
ui usuhbk
usuhbk ifepfs
ifepfsasa
asa
`bepurbk ( lfj
 lfj eax mfreuhb)
mfreuhb) dbk lustamaibsa tgikai btbs pgrsgtulubk dbk
 pgkfhbibk usuh tgrsgjut.
 Egegrak
Egegraktbo
tboibk
ibk ifktrb
ifktrbitf
itfrr uktui
uktui egejfk
egejfkcib
cibrr dbk egepgr
egepgrjba
jbaia
ia
igejbha pgigrlbbk ybkc iubhatbskyb tadbi sgsuba dgkcbk igtgktubk.
 Egkfhb
Egkfhbi
i ebtgrab
ebtgrabhh dbk pgrbhb
pgrbhbtbk
tbk ifktrbi
ifktrbitfr
tfr ybkc
ybkc tadbi
tadbi egegku
egegkuoa
oa

sybrbt dbk igtgktubk ybkc jgrhbiu.

 Egegraisbibk obsah pgigrlbbk dbra ifktbritfr bpbibo sgsuba
s gsuba eutu dbk
iubhatbs ybkc datgktuibk.
`) Rubktaty Gkcakggr 
Tucbs Rubktaty Gkcakggr
Gkcakggr ybatu <
 Jgrtbkccukc lbwbj igpbdb Patg Gkcakggr .

 Eghbiuibk pgkcbwbsbk tgrobdbp pgigrlbbk ifktrbitfr bpbibo sgsuba

dgkcbk iubktatbs ybkc tghbo datgktuibk.
 Egkfhbi pgigrlbbk ifktrbitfr ybkc iubktatbskyb tadbi sgsuba dgkcbk

igtgktubk.
 Egejgraibk hbpfrbk tgrtuhas pbdb pghbisbkbbk igcabtbk btbs obh-obh
ybkc egkybkciut ebsbhbo pgkcgkdbhabk iubktatbs.
d)  Akspg`tfr 
Tucbs Akspg`tfr ybatu <
 Egkcaiuta pgtuklui @oagm Akspg`tfr dbhbe eghbisbkbibk tucbskyb.

 Egkcarae hbpfrbk igpbdb Patg Gkcakggr btbu @oagm Akspg`tfr.

 Egkcbd
Egkcbdbib
bibk
k pgkcbw
pgkcbwbsbk
bsbk ybkc
ybkc tgrus
tgrus egkgru
egkgruss da hfibsa
hfibsa pgigrl
pgigrlbbk
bbk
ybkc sgdbkc daigrlbibk dbk egejgra hbpfrbk ibpbdb @oagm Akspg`tfr 
 

btbs pgigrlbbk ybkc tadbi sgsuba dgkcbk dfiuegk ifktrbi. Pgeub

obsah pgkcbebtbk obrus dahbpfribk sg`brb tgrtuhas.
 Egkyabpibk `btbtbk obrabk uktui pgrbhbtbk, tgkbcb igrlb dbk jbobk
ybkc
ybkc dacukb
dacukbibk
ibk fhgo
fhgo ifktbi
ifktbitfr
tfr uktui
uktui egkygh
egkyghgsba
gsbaibk
ibk pgigrl
pgigrlbbk
bbk
obrabk.
g) Purvgyfr 
Tucbs Purvgyfr ybatu <
 Jgrtbkccukc lbwbj hbkcsukc igpbdb Rubktaty Gkcakggr.

 Eghb
Eghbiu
iuib
ibk
k pg
pgkc
kcbw
bwbsb
bsbk
k ig
igtgh
tghat
atab
abk
k pg
pgkc
kcui
uiur
urbk
bk fh
fhgo
go if
ifkt
ktrbi
rbitf
tfr 
r 
tgrobd
tgrobdbp
bp tatai-t
tatai-tata
atai
i pgktak
pgktakc
c sgoakc
sgoakccb
cb tadbi
tadbi tgrlbd
tgrlbdaa sghasao
sghasao daegks
daegksaa
ebupuk ghgvbsa.
 Egkcuepuhibk sgeub dbtb pgigrlbbk ybkc dahbisbkbibk da hbpbkcbk
dbk jgrtbkccukc lbwbj btbs igthatabk ybkc dadbpbt.
m)  Hbj Tg`oka`abk
Tucbs Hbj.Tg`oka`abk ybatu <
 Eghbis
Eghbisbkb
bkbik
ik pk
pkcbe
cbejah
jahbk
bk `fktfo
`fktfo tbkbo/
tbkbo/ ebtgrab
ebtgrabhh dbk ebhbiu
ebhbiuibk
ibk
 pgkculabk tbkbo/ ebtgrabh da hbjfrbtfraue.
 Egkcgv
Egkcgvbhu
bhubsa
bsa obsah
obsah tgs tgrsgj
tgrsgjut
ut dbk jgrtbk
jgrtbkccu
ccukc
kc lbwbj
lbwbj tgrobd
tgrobdbp
bp
igtghatabk dbk igjgkbrbk obsah ybkc daprfsgs.
 

JBJ AAA
LBDSBH ^GHBIPBKBBK ^GIGZLBBK

Tbjgh 2 Lbdwbh ^ghbisbkbbk ^gigrlbbk ^gejbkcukbk ^bcbr Ibktfr ^gkcbdahbk Bcbeb Eubrb Juhabk

Sbitu ^ghbisbkbbk < : Ega :>20 - :? Bcustus :>20

KF ^gigrlbbk Obrcb pgigrlbbk durbs a jfjft (%) Eakccu -ig
2 : 0 4 7 = 3 ? 1 2> 22 2: 20 24 27 2= 23 2? 21
b. ^gi
^gigr
grllbbk ^grsab
^grsabppbk Zp :,>>>,>>>.>> 4   >.3:   >.2?   >.2?  >.2?   >.2?
j. ^gi
^gigr
grllbbk ^b ^bcbr
cbrIbk
Ibktf
tfrr
2 ^gigrlbbk Tbkbo Zp 4,=1=,4:>.>> :   2.=1  >.?4   >.?4
: ^gigrlbbk ^fkdbsa Zp 0,:74,03>.>> 0   2.23   >.01 >.>.01 >.01
0 ^gigrlbbk Jgtfk Zp 3=,?1>,=7>.>> 3   :3.=:  0.17   0.17   0.17   0.17   0.17   0.17   0.17
4 ^g
^gig
igrlrlbbbkbk Dakdakc & ^hggststgrbk
grbk Zp 2?,>7=
,>7=,,14>
4>.>
.>>> =   =.41   2.>?   2.>?   2.>?   2.>?  2.>?   2.>?
7 ^gigrlbbk ^bcbr Jgsa Ofh fw Zp ??,=74,0:>.>> 0   02.?4 2>.=2 2>.=2 2>.=2
2>
= ^gigrlbbk ^bkgh CZ@ Zp 34,?13,00>.>> 0   :=.1>   ?.13   ?.13   ?.13
3 ^gigrlbbk Makasoakc Zp 3,043,>3:.>> 0   :.=4   >.??   >.??   >.??
`. ^gi
^gigr
grllbbk Hb
Hbakak-h-hbbakak Zp :,713,?1?.>> :   >.10   >.43   >.43
Luehbo Zp :3?,017,>>>.>>   1=.40  >.2?   >.2?  4.13   7.2?   4.04   7.4:   7.>0   7.>0   7.>0  2.>? 22.3> 2>.=2 2>.=2   ?.13   ?.13   1.?7   >.??   2.07   >.=7
 luehbo
 luehbo biueu
biueuhbtam 
hbtam    >.2?   >.0=  7.00 2>.72 24.?4 :>.:= :7.:? 0>.02 07.04 0=.4: 4?.2: 7?.30 =1.04 3?.02 ?3.:? 13.20 1?.>2 11.07  2>>.>>
 

JBJ A]
TBOB^BK ^GIGZLBBK

4.2 Tbobp ^ghbisbkbbk ^gigrlbbk Ifkstruisa

Cbejbr 2. Tbobpbk Bhur ^gigrlbbk Ifkstruisa

 

JBJ ]

CBEJBZ DBK P^GPAMAIBPA TGIKAP

7.2 Cbejbr
Cbejbr Dgtbahgd
 Dgtbahgd Gkcakggrakc
Gkcakggrakc Dgsack (DGD)

Cbejbr :. Tbepbi Dgpbk ^bcbr 

Cbejbr 0. Tbepbi Dgpbk Dgsbak ^bcbr

Cbejbr 4. Dgtbah Ifhfe ^rbitas

 

Cbejbr 7. Dgtbah ^fkdbsa

Cbejbr =. Dgtbah ^bcbr 

 

7.: Ppgsam
Ppgsamaib
aibsa
sa Tgikas
Tgikas
Dbhbe pgigrlbbk aka jgtfk ybkc dacukbibk bdbhbo jgtfk sabp pbiba btbu rgbdy
eax `fk`rgtg dgkcbk eutu jgtfk I 0>>. ^ghbisbkb pgigrlbbk tadbi dajgkbribk
egk`bepur jgtfk da satg.
b) Jblb
Jblb Tuhbkcb
Tuhbkcbk
k obrus
obrus egegkuo
egegkuoaa sybrbt
sybrbt jgraiu
jgraiutt <
 Jgsaa uktui
Jgs uktui tuhbkcb
tuhbkcbk
k jgtfk
jgtfk ybkc bibk dacukbi
dacukbibk
bk dbhbe
dbhbe pgigrlb
pgigrlbbk
bk aka
bdbhbo jblb
jblb dgkcbk W-:4
W-:4 dbk eutu
eutu W-01 (eakaeue
(eakaeue yaghd-strggs
yaghd-strggs 01>>
ic/`e:) dgkcbk dabegtgr sgpgrta datgtbpibk dbhbe cbejbr igrlb.
 Wktui jblb tuhbkcbk dgkcbk dabegtgr hgjao jgsbr dbra 2= ee obrus dbra
 lgkas jblb uhar (dgmfregd jbr ) sgdbkcibk uktui dabegtgr
dabegtgr ybkc hgjao ig`ah
dbpbt dapbiba jblb pfhfs.
 Pgtabp pgkcaraebk sgluehbo
sgluehbo jgsa tuhbkcbk ig prfygi obrus
obrus dbhbe igbdbbk
 jbru dbk dasgrtba dgkcbk sgrtamaibt dbra pbjrai pgejubt, dbk jahb ^gkcbwbs
Hbpbkcbk egebkdbkc pgrhu, `fktfo
`fktfo bibk daula da hbjfrbtfraue btbs jgjbk
 pgejfrfkc. Luehbo bibk datgktuibk
datgktuibk igeudabk sgsuba igjutuobk.
 ^gkyaepbkbk/pgkuepuibk obrus sgdgeaiabk rupb sgoakccb jblb tuhbkcbk
tgroakdbr dbra pgkcftfrbk-pgkcftfrbk, eakybi, udbrb hgejbj hakciukcbk
ybkc dbpbt egepgkcbru
egepgkcbruoa/
oa/ egkcbiajbti
egkcbiajbtibk
bk jblb jgribrbt,
jgribrbt, dbk hbak-hbak
 pgkcbruo hubr ybkc egepgkcbruoa eutukyb, tgrhakdukc btbu datutup
dgkcbk
dgkcbk tgrpbh-tgrpbh
tgrpbh-tgrpbh sgjghue
sgjghue dbk sgtghbo pgejgkcifibk.
pgejgkcifibk. Jblb tuhbkcbk
datue
datuepui
pui da btbs jbhfi-
jbhfi-jbh
jbhfi
fi ibyu
ibyu bcbr
bcbr tadbi
tadbi hbkcsu
hbkcsukc
kc jgrouj
jgroujukc
ukcbk
bk
dgkcbk tbkbo.
 j) Tuhbkcbk
 Cbejbr rgk`bkb igrlb uktui jblb tuhbkcbk, eghaputa rgk`bkb pgeftfkcbk,
 pgejgkcifibk, sbejukcbk, pgkcogktabk, dabluibk fhgo Ifktrbitfr igpbdb
^gkc
^gkcbw
bwbs
bs Hbpb
Hbpbkc
kcbk
bk uk
uktu
tui
i egkd
egkdbp
bpbt
btib
ibk
k pg
pgrsg
rsgtu
tulu
lubk
bk tg
tgrhg
rhgja
jao
o db
dbou
ouhu
hu
sgjghue
sgjghue pghbisbkbbk.
pghbisbkbbk. Pgeub dgtbah obrus egegku
egegkuoa
oa pgrsybrbtbk sgpgrta
sgpgrta
ybkc da`bktueibk dbhbe cbejbr igrlb dbk sybrbt-sybrbt ybkc obrus daaiuta
egkurut PIPKA T-27-2112->0.
 Dabegtgr-dabegtgr pgkcgkbh obrus sbeb sgpgrta pgrsybrbtbk dbhbe cbejbr 
ig
igrl
rlbb db
dbk
k jahb
jahb ebkb
ebkb dabe
dabegt
gtgr
gr tg
tgrsg
rsgju
jutt bi
bibk
bk da
dacb
cbkt
ktaa ebib
ebib lu
lueh
ehbo
bo hu
hubs
bs
tuhbkcbk pgrsbtubk hgjbr jgtfk eakaebh obrus sbeb dgkcbk hubs pgkbepbkc

rgk`bk
rgk`bkbb sgeuhb
sgeuhb dbk pgrsyb
pgrsybrbtb
rbtbk
k lbrbi
lbrbi eakaeb
eakaebhh bktbrb
bktbrb tuhbkc
tuhbkcbk
bk egkuru
egkurutt
 

PIPKA T-27-2112->0 dapgkuoa. Pgjghue eghbiuibk pgrujbobk-pgrujbobk,

Ifktrbi
Ifktrbitfr
tfr obrus
obrus egkdbp
egkdbpbt
bt pgrsgtu
pgrsgtulub
lubk
k tgrhgj
tgrhgjao
ao dbouhu
dbouhu dbra
dbra ^gkcbw
^gkcbwbs
bs
Hbpbkcbk.
 Pgeub pgejgkcifibk tuhbkcbk obrus dahbiuibk sgjghue pgkygtghbk btbu
 pgkgepbtbk. Tadbi dapgrigkbkibk egejgkcifiibk tuhbkcbk jahb sudbo
datgep
datgepbti
btibk
bk ig`ubh
ig`ubhaa bpbjah
bpbjahbb obh aka tgrpbis
tgrpbisbb dbk egkdbp
egkdbpbt
bt pgrsgtu
pgrsgtulub
lubk
k
^gkcbwbs Hbpbkcbk.
 ^gkuhbkcbk
^gkuhbkcbk jblb sgjghue
sgjghue datgepbtibk
datgepbtibk,, igsghuruobk
igsghuruobk obrus dajgrsaoibk
dajgrsaoibk dbra
ibrbt ybkc hgpbs dbra mhbiy, eahhs`bhg, hbpasbk btbu jbobk hbak ybkc dbpbt
egkcobk`uribk btbu egkcurbkca pghgibtbk dgkcbk jgtfk.
 Tgjbh sghaeut
sghaeut jgtfk uktui
uktui egejgra
egejgra pgrhakdukc
pgrhakdukcbk
bk pbdb jblb tuhbkcb
tuhbkcbk
k
obrus sgsuba dgkcbk cbejbr rgk`bkb.
 Tuhbkcbk obrus datgepbtibk dgkcbk tghata pbdb pfsasa sgsuba rgk`bkb dbk

obrus dalbcb
dalbcb lbrbi
lbrbi bktbrb
bktbrb tuhbkcbk
tuhbkcbk dbk jgigstakc
jgigstakc uktui
uktui egkdbp
egkdbpbtibk
btibk
tgjbh sghaeut
sghaeut jgtfk (jgtfk
(jgtfk dgiakc)
dgiakc) eakaebh
eakaebh sgsuba pgrsybrb
pgrsybrbtbk.
tbk. Wktui
Wktui atu
^gejfrfkc
^gejfrfkc obrus
obrus egepgrcukb
egepgrcukbibk
ibk pgkygibt
pgkygibt (spb`gr),
(spb`gr), duduibk
duduibk (`obars)
dbra jbhfi-jbhfi jgtfk dgkcbk eutu eakaebh sbeb dgkcbk jgtfk ybkc
 jgrsbkciutbk. Pgeub tuhbkcbk obrus daaibt dgkcbk jbai dbk ififo
sgoakccb dalbeak tadbi jgrcgsgr pbdb wbitu pgkcg`frbk. Ibwbt pgkcaibt
ybkc jgrhgjao obrus dajgkcifiibk
dajgkcifiibk ig brbo dbhbe jgtfk.
 Pgjghue
Pgjghue eghbiuibk
eghbiuibk pgkcg`frbk
pgkcg`frbk,, sgeub tuhbkcbk
tuhbkcbk obrus tgrhgjao
tgrhgjao dbouhu
dbouhu
dapg
dapgra
rais
isbb uk
uktu
tui
i egeb
egebsta
staib
ibk
k lu
lueh
ehbo
bo db
dbk
k ui
uiur
urbk
bkky
kyb,
b, ig
igtg
tgha
hata
tabk
bk uk
uktu
tui 
i 

 pgkgepbtbkkyb, igjgrsaobk, dbk uktui egkdbpbtibk pgrjbaibk jahbebkb

 pgrhu. Tuhbkc ybkc jgribrbt obrus dajgrsaoibk btbu dacbkta jahbebkb
dabk
dabkcc
ccbp
bp ^gkc
^gkcbw
bwbs
bs Hbpb
Hbpbkc
kcbk
bk bi
bibk
bk egru
egruca
caib
ibk
k bt
btbu
bu eghg
eghgeb
eboi
oibk
bk
ifkstruisa. ^gkcg`frbk tadbi dapgrigkbkibk bpbjahb jghue dapgraisb dbk
dbk
dasgtulua sg`brb tgrtuhas fhgo ^gkcbwbs Hbpbkcbk.
 Ioususs uktui sghaeut
Iousu sghaeut jgtfk,
jgtfk, duduiibk
duduiibk obrus `uiup
`uiup iubt dbk lbrbikyb
lbrbikyb
sgdgeaiabk oakccb tuhbkcbk tadbi eghgkciukc dbk jgtfk pgkutup tadbi 
iurbkc
iurbkc dbra
dbra ybkc
ybkc dasybr
dasybrbti
btibk.
bk. Tfhgrb
Tfhgrbksa
ksa ybkc
ybkc dapgri
dapgrigkb
gkbkib
kibk
k uktui 
uktui 
 pgkyaepbkcbk btbu dgvabsa tgrobdbp jadbkc ofrazfktbh btbu vgrtaibh bdbhbo

7 ee.
 

 Tadbi bdb jbcabk

jbcabk hfcbe/tuhbk
hfcbe/tuhbkcbk
cbk btbu bhbt dacukbibk
dacukbibk uktui 
egkybejukcibk btbu uktui egklbcb pgkuhbkcbk dbhbe pfsasa ybkc
sgjgkbrkyb
sgjgkbrkyb bibk dajabribk
dajabribk tgtbp dabktbrb
dabktbrb sghaeut
sghaeut jgtfk ybkc tghbo
datgktuibk.
 Wktui
Wktui sgeub
sgeub tuhbkc
tuhbkcbk
bk ig`ubh
ig`ubhaa sgkcib
sgkcibkc
kc obrus
obrus egrup
egrupbib
bibk
k tuhbkc
tuhbkcbk
bk uhar 
uhar 
tadbi dapgrigkbkibk tuhbkcbk pfhfs.
`) Jgtf
Jgtfk
k dbk
dbk pgkc
pgkcg`
g`fr
frbk
bk jgtf
jgtfk
k
 Jgtfk ybkc dapgrcukbibk bdbhbo
bdbhbo jgtfk Patg Eax dgkcbk `bepurbk 2 < : < 0.

 ^gigrlb
^gigrlbbk
bk pgkcg`
pgkcg`frb
frbk
k jgtfk
jgtfk obrus
obrus dahbis
dahbisbkb
bkbibk
ibk sgibha
sgibhacus
cus dbk obrus
obrus
daoakdbribk pgkcogktabk pgkcg`frbk (`fh
(`fhd
d lfakt 
lfakt ) ig`
ig`ubh
ubhaa jahb sudbo
sudbo
dapgroatuk
dapgroatukcibk
cibk pbdb
pbdb tgepbt-tgep
tgepbt-tgepbt
bt ybkc bebk dbk sgjghuek
sgjghuekyb
yb sudbo
egkdbpbt
egkdbpbt pgrsgtulubk
pgrsgtulubk ^gkcbw
^gkcbwbs
bs Hbpbkcbk
Hbpbkcbk.. ^gejfrfkc
^gejfrfkc obrus sudbo
egepgrsabpi
egepgrsabpibk
bk sgcbhb sgsubtukyb uktui pgkcbebkbk
pgkcbebkbk pghakdukc
pghakdukc dbk hbak-

hbak ybkc dbpbt egklbeak ifktakuatbs pgkcg`frbk.

 Pgjghue pgkcg`frbk daeuhba, sgeub pgrbhbtbk, ebtgrabh, sgrtb tgkbcb ybkc
dapgrhuibk sudbo obrus sabp dbk `uiup
`uiup uktui subtu tbobp
tbobp pgkcg`frbk sgsuba
dgkcbk
dgkcbk rgk`bkb
rgk`bkb ybkc sgjghu
sgjghueky
ekybb dasgtu
dasgtulua
lua ^gkcbw
^gkcbwbs
bs Hbpbkcbk
Hbpbkcbk..
Tuhbkc
Tuhbkcbk,
bk, lbrbi,
lbrbi, jgigst
jgigstakc
akc dbk hbak-hba
hbak-hbak,
k, obrus dalbcb
dalbcb dgkcbk
dgkcbk jbai
sgjghue dbk sghbeb pghbisbkbbk pgkcg`frbk.
 Pgcgrb sgtghbo jgtfk datubkcibk ig dbhbe jgigstakc, bduibk obrus
dapbdb
dapbdbtib
tibk
k dgkcbk
dgkcbk `fk`rgtg
`fk`rgtg vajrbtf
vajrbtfrr ybkc
ybkc igebep
igebepubk
ubkkyb
kyb obrus
egk`uiupa
egk`uiupa.. ^gkccgtbrbk
^gkccgtbrbk obrus dalbcb
dalbcb sgdgeaiabk bcbr supyb tadbi tgrlbda

 pgeasbobk/sgcrgcbsa bktbrb ifepfkgk bduibk jgtfk. ^gkccgtbrbk

dgkcbk `fk`rgtg vajrbtfr dbpbt dajbktu dgkcbk
dgkcbk pgrflfibk, bpbjahb
dg
dgkc
kcbk
bk `f
`fk`
k`rg
rgtg
tg vajr
vajrbt
btfr
fr tadb
tadbi
i eukc
eukcia
iak
k da
dahb
hbiu
iuib
ibk
k db
dbk
k ob
obru
russ
egkdbpbtibk pgrsgtulubk dbra ^gkcbwbs Hbpbkcbk tgrhgjao dbouhu.
 ]ajrbtfr-vajrbtfr aktgrkbh jgrmrgiugksa takcca pbdb ebsakc-ebsakc typg
 pkguebta` ghgitrai btbupuk oadrfhai obrus dacukbibk uktui pgebdbtbk
 jgtfk dbhbe sghuruo igduduibk. ]ajrbtfr-vajbrtfr tgrsgjut obrus dbra lgkas
ybkc dasgtulua fhgo ^gkcbwbs Hbpbkcbk dgkcbk mrgiugksa eakaeue 3>>>
cgtbrbk
cgtbrbk pgr egkat dbk obrus
obrus ebepu
ebepu egepgkcbru
egepgkcbruoa
oa `bepur
`bepurbk
bk sg`brb

tgpbt dbk egeahaia :7 ee shuep uktui lbrbi sgiurbkc-iurbkckyb 7>>

 

ee dbra vajrbtfr
vajrbtfr tgrsgjut.
tgrsgjut. ]ajrbtfr
]ajrbtfr tadbi jfhgo egkcgkba
egkcgkba `gtbibk,
`gtbibk,
tuhbkcbk
tuhbkcbk jblb dbk lucb
lucb tadbi jfhgo dacukb
dacukbibk
ibk uktui
uktui egkcbharibk
egkcbharibk jgtfk
btbu egkygeprftibkkyb ig dbhbe tgepbtkyb. ]ajrbtfr tadbi jfhgo tgrhbhu
hbeb datgepbtib
datgepbtibk
k da subtu tgepbt ybkc
ybkc dbpbt egkygjbj
egkygjbjibk
ibk pgeasbobk
pgeasbobk
 jgtfk tgrsgjut.
 ^gkubk
^gkubkcbk
cbk jgtfk
jgtfk eghgja
eghgjaoa
oa igtakc
igtakccab
cabk
k hgjao
hgjao dbra
dbra 2,7 egtgr
egtgr btbu
 pgkcgkdbpbk ybkc tgrhbhu jbkybi pbdb subtu tatai btbu egkbraikyb
sgpbklbkc `gtbibk tadbi dapgrigkbkibk.
 ^gkcg`frbk
^gkcg`frbk obrus egkgrus
egkgrus dbk obkyb
obkyb jfhgo
jfhgo jgrogkta
jgrogkta da tgepbt-tge
tgepbt-tgepbt
pbt
ybkc dapgroatukc
dapgroatukcibk
ibk bebk
bebk dbk tghbo
tghbo dargk`bk
dargk`bkbibk
bibk tgrhgjao
tgrhgjao dbouhu
dbouhu dbk
sgjghu
sgjghueky
ekybb egkdbp
egkdbpbti
btibk
bk pgrsgtu
pgrsgtulub
lubk
k dbra
dbra ^gkcbw
^gkcbwbs
bs Hbpbkc
Hbpbkcbk.
bk.
^gkcog
^gkcogkta
ktabk
bk ebi
ebisae
saeue
ue : lbe.
lbe. Wktui
Wktui egkybe
egkybejuk
jukc
c pgkcg`
pgkcg`frb
frbk-
k-
 pgkcg`frbk sgjghuekyb obrus dajgrsaoibk pgreuibbkkyb dbk daj
dajubt
ubt ibsbr
bcbrr sgepur
bcb sgepurkb
kb sbejuk
sbejukcbk
cbkkyb
kyb dbk sgjghu
sgjghue
e bduibk
bduibk jgtfk
jgtfk datubk
datubkcib
cibk,
k,
 pgreuibbk ybkc bibk dasbejukc obrus dasarbe dgkcbk bar sgegk dgkcbk
`bepurbk sgegk dbk bar bdbhbo 2<>,7. Wktui pgkcogktabk pgkcg`frbk hgjao
dbra 7 lbe, jadbkc ybkc bibk dasbejukc/da`fr obrus tgrhgjao dbouhu dafhgs
dgkcbk bddatavg/gpfxy rgsak.
 Pgcgrb sgtghbo pgkcg`frbk sghgsba, sghbeb wbitu pgkcgrbsbk, jgtfk obrus
darbwbt / dahakdukca dgkcbk `brb egkccgkbkcakyb dgkcbk bar jgrsao btbu
datutup dgkcbk ibrukc-ibrukc ybkc sgkbktabsb dajbsboa dgkcbk bar,
tgrus-egkgrus sghbeb
sghb eb pbhakc tadbi 2> obra sgtghbo pgkcg`frbk.

Bpbjahbb `ub`b
Bpbjah `ub`b egrbcu
egrbcuibk
ibk,, sgdbkc
sgdbkcibk
ibk ^gkcbw
^gkcbwbs
bs Hbpbkcbk
Hbpbkcbk tgtbp
tgtbp
egkc
egkcog
ogkdkdbi
biaa bc
bcbr
br pg
pgkc
kcg`f
g`frbk
rbk tg
tgtb
tbp
p ob
obru
russ jg
jgrh
rhbk
bkcs
csuk
ukc,
c, ebib
ebib pa
paob
obi 
i 
^gejfrfkc dawblajibk egkygdabibk bhbt pghakdukc sgpgrta tgrpbh ybkc
`uiup uktui eghakdukca tgepbt/jbcabk ybkc sudbo ebupuk ybkc bibk
da`fr. ^gkcg`frbk tadbi daalakibk sghbeb oulbk hgjbt btbu igtaib suou
udbrb kbai da btbs 0:>@.
d) ^g
^grb
rbwb
wbtb
tbk
k jgt
jgtfk
fk
 Pghuruo
Pghuruo jgtfk obrus
obrus dahakdukca
dahakdukca sghbeb prfsgs
prfsgs pgkcgrbsbk
pgkcgrbsbk tgrobdbp
tgrobdbp gmgi-
gmgi ybkc
ybkc dataejuhibk
dataejuhibk fhgo
fhgo sakbr ebtbobra
ebtbobra dbk bkcak,
bkcak, ighgejbjbk
ighgejbjbk dbk
dbk

 pgkcgrakcbk ybkc `gpbt ybkc dbpbt egkygjbjibk pgkcgrakcbk, cbkccubk

 

 pbdb prfsgs oadrbsa dbk pgrujbobk tgrobdbp eutu jgtfk sgtghbo

 pgkcg`frbk, pgreuibbk ofrazfktbh sghgsba darbtbibk dbk/btbu pbdb wbitu
 pgeakdbobk dbra `gtbibk.
 ^grhakdukcbk dbpbt dahbiuibk dgkcbk pgkyarbebk ‘sprakcihakc― dgkcbk bar 
 pbdb pgreuibbk jgtfk, egkutup pgreuibbk dgkcbk phbstai/ibrukc jbsbo
btbu pgkygeprftbk pgreuibbk dgkcbk `urakc `fepfukd.
 ^grbwbtbk dgkcbk ubp jgrtgibkbk takcca, ubp dgkcbk tgibkbk btefsmar,
 pbkbs dbk hgejbj btbu prfsgs-prfsgs hbakkyb ybkc jasb datgraeb, obkyb
dahbiuibk
dahbiuibk uktui
uktui egepgr`gpbt
egepgr`gpbt pgk`bpbabk
pgk`bpbabk igiubtbk sgrtb egkcurbkc
egkcurbkcaa
wbitu pgrbwbtbk, dgkcbk pgrsgtulubk dbra ^gkcbwbs Hbpbkcbk
g) ^gigr
gigrlb
lbbk
bk jbtb
btb
 Wktui sgeub dakdakc pbdb pbcbr dacukbibk bduibk `bepurbk 2 ^@ < 4
^bsar.

Jbtu jbtb egrbo ybkc dacukbibk jbtu jbtb gis hfibh dgkcbk iubhatbs jbai 
ybkc dasgtulua fhgo ^gkcbwbs, ybatu saiu dbk sbeb uiurbkkyb.
 Pgjghu
Pgjghue
e dacukb
dacukbibk
ibk jbtu
jbtu jbtb
jbtb obrus
obrus dargkd
dargkdbe
be dbhbe
dbhbe jbi bar btbu
btbu drue
drue
oakccb lgkuo.
 Pgtghbo jbtu jbtb tgrpbsbkc dgkcbk bduibk, kbbd/sabr-sabr obrus daigrfi 
sgdbhbe 2 `e dbk igeudabk dasarbe bar.
 ^gebsbk
^gebsbkcbk
cbk dakdak
dakdakc
c jbtb
jbtb dahbib
dahbibuib
uibk
k jgrtbo
jgrtbobp,
bp, sgtabp
sgtabp tbobp
tbobp tgrdar
tgrdaraa dbra
dbra
ebisaebh :4 hbpas sgtabp obra, daaiuta dgkcbk `fr ifhfe struitur.
 ^gejubtbk hujbkc pbdb pbsbkcbk jbtb egrbo uktui pgrbk`bo sbeb sgibha

tadbi dapgrigkbkibk.
 Tadbi dapgrigkbkibk egebsbkc jbtb egrbo ybkc pbtbo dub eghgjaoa 7 %.
Jbtb ybkc pbtbo hgjao dbra dub tadbi dapgrigkbkibk uktui dacukbibk.
 ^bsbkcbk jbtb egrbo uktui dakdakc µ jbtu obrus egkcobsahibk dakdakc
makaso sgtgjbh 27 `e. ^ghbisbkbbk pbsbkcbk obrus `grebt, rbpa dbk jgkbr-
 jgkbr tgcbi hurus.
 ^g
^gej
ejfr
frfk
fkc
c obru
obruss eg
egep
epgr
grob
obta
taib
ibk
k sg
sgrt
rtbb egkl
egklbc
bcbb pg
pgig
igrl
rlbb
bbk
k yb
ybkc
kc
 jgroujukcbk dgkcbk pgigrlbbk hbak. Laib tgrlbda igrusbibk biajbt
ighbhbabkkyb, ebib pgejfrfkc obrus egkccbkta tbkpb jabyb tbejbobk.
 

 ^gejfrfkc obrus egkcula sgeub pgigrlbbk egkurut pgrsybrbtbk tgikas dbra

 pbjrai pgejubt/prfdusgk btbu egkurut ybkc
ybkc datgktuibk dbhbe ZIP.
 ^grbhbtbk pgkculabk dasgdabibk fhgo pgejfrfkc

 ^gkcbwbs
^gkcbwbs jgrobi
jgrobi egeaktb
egeaktb pgkcuhbkc
pgkcuhbkcbk
bk pgkculabk
pgkculabk jahb obh aka dabkccbp
dabkccbp

 pgrhu.
 Bpbjahb pgkculabk tadbi dahbiuibk dgkcbk jbai btbu iurbkc egeubsibk
ebib
ebib jaby
jabybb pg
pgkc
kcul
ulab
abk
k db
dbk
k pg
pgko
kocu
cuhb
hbkb
kbck
ck pg
pgkc
kcul
ulab
abk
k tg
tgrsg
rsgju
jutt bd
bdbhb
bhbo
o
tbkccukclbwbj pgejfrfkc.
m) ^gig
^gigrl
rlbbk
bbk jb
jbtb
tb dbk
dbk phg
phgstg
stgrb
rbk
k
 Dbhbe pgigrlbbk aka b`abk dajubt dbhbe `bepurbk 2 ^@ < : Bar, phgstgrbk
dajubt dbhbe `bepurbk 2 ^@ < 4 ^bsar.
 ^gkccukbbk egsak-egsak pgkcbdui (efhgk) dbk pgrbhbtbk ybkc egebdba,
 pgigrlbbk phgstgrbk obrus rbtb dgkcbk tgjbh phgstgrbk :> ee dgkcbk

tfhgrbksa eakaebh 27 ee dbk ebisaebh :7 ee ig`ubha datgktuibk hbak.

 Jgrsaoibk pgreuibbk dakdakc jbtu jbtb dbra kfdb-kfdb dgju, eakybi `bt
dbk jbobk-jbobk hbak ybkc dbpbt egkcurbkca dbyb aibt phgstgrbk bcbr jgkbr-
 jgkbr sabp uktui dahbiuibk pgigrlbbk phgstgrbk. ^greuibbk ybkc bibk
daphgstgr dasarbe bar oakccb lgkuo.
 Pakciaribk sgeub obh ybkc dbpbt egrusbi/egkccbkccu pgigrlbbk phgstgrbk.

 Jgktui
Jgktui s`rggd
s`rggd sgegktb
sgegktbrb
rb jahb
jahb eukcia
eukciak
k (uktui
(uktui pgejgk
pgejgktui
tuibk
bk dbsbr
dbsbr ybkc
ybkc
 pgrebkgk) uktui egklbeak bdbkyb igtgjbhbk ybkc sbeb, pgreuibbk ybkc
dbtbr/rbtb, `fktfur dbk prfmah-prfmah biurbt.

 Jbsbo
Jbsboaa sg
sghu
huru
ruo
o pg
pgre
reui
uibb
bbk
k jadb
jadbkc
kc ph
phgs
gstg
tgrbk
rbk uk
uktu
tui
i pg
pgrg
rgsbp
sbpbk
bk,, lb
lbkc
kcbk
bk
egklgkuoibk pgreuibbk dbk lbkcbk dapbsbkc phgstgrbk sbepba pgreuibbk
bar ybkc tgrhaobt tgrsgjut tghbo hgkybp/igrakc igejbha.
 Hgtbiibk/tgepghibk `bepurbk phgstgrbk sghbeb :,7 lbe (ebisaebh) sgtghbo
 prfsgs `bepurbk, ig`ubha sghbeb udbrb pbkbs/irakc, iurbkca wbitu
 pgkgepbtbk atu sgsuba ybkc dapgrhuibk uktui egk`gcbo pgkcgrbsbk ybkc
 jgrsambt sgegktbrb dbra phgstgrbk.
 ^gigrlbbk phgstgrbk obrus hurus, sbeb rbtb, dbtbr ebupuk tgcbi hurus dbk
uktui pgigrlbbk rghagm dgkcbk igtgjbhbk 4 `e tgrjubt dbra spgsa 2 < 4, ybkc
 

dajgktui sgsuba cbejbr jgstgi dbk obrus daigrlbibk fhgo tgkbcb iousus
sgoakccb obsahkyb ebisaebh.
 Wktui egkdbpbtibk pgreuibbk ybkc rbtb dbk igtgjbhbk ybkc sgsuba dgkcbk
ybkc dasybrbtibk, ebib dbhbe egeuhba pgigrlbbk phgstgrbk obrus dajubt
tgrhgjao dbouhu ‘igpbhb phgstrgrbk―.
 ^g
^gej
ejfr
frfk
fkc
c obru
obruss eg
egep
epgr
grob
obta
taib
ibk
k sg
sgrt
rtbb egkl
egklbc
bcbb pg
pgig
igrl
rlbb
bbk
k yb
ybkc
kc
 jgroujukcbk dgkcbk pgigrlbbk hbak. Laib tgrlbda igrusbibk biajbt
ighbhbabkkyb, ebib pgejfrfkc obrus egkccbkta tbkpb jabyb tbejbobk.
 ^fkdbsa sgtgepbt dajubt dgkcbk jgtfk `fr `bepurbk 2 < : < 0, sgsuba dgkcbk
spgsamaibsa dbk cbejbr rgk`bkb.
 ^bdb sbbt pgkcg`frbk jgtfk obrus dapbdbtibk dgkcbk egkccukbik vajrbtfr 
btbu darflfi dgkcbk tfkcibt ibyu btbu jgsa.
 Dabtbs pfkdbsa sgtgepbt uktui tgepbt pgebsbkcbk tabkc pbcbr JZ@ sgpgrta

ybkc tgrdbpbt dbhbe cbejbr rgk`bkb.

 ^gebsbkcbk pbsbkcbk jbtb dgkcbk `bepurbk 2 < 4, pbsbkcbk jbtb obrus rbpa
dbk rbtb dgkcbk kbt spgsa ybkc sbeb, igeudabk dakdakc daphgstgr dgkcbk
`bepurbk 2 < 4, phgstgrbk obrus rbpa dbk rbtb.
 Wktui aibtbk bktbrb pbsbkcbk jbtb dbk tabkc jgtfk, sgjghue pgebsbkcbk
 jbtb dahbiuibk, pbdb tabp-tabp tabkc obrus dapbsbkc pbiu
pbiu jgtfk sg`uiupkyb.

JBJ ]A
ZGK@BKB ^GHBIPBKBBK ^GIGZLBBK

=.2 Egtfdg Igrlb

b) Hakc
Hakciu
iupp ^gig
^gigrl
rlbb
bbk
k
^gejbkcukbk ^bcbr Ibktfr ^gkcbdahbk Bcbeb Eubrb Juhabk
 j) Wrbabk ^gigrlbbk
 ^gigrlbbk pgrsabpbk
 

 ^gigrlbbk pbcbr 
 ^gigrlbbk tbkbo
 ^gigrlbbk jgtfk jgrtuhbkc
 ^gigrlbbk pbsbkcbk

^gigrlbbk pgkcg`btbk
`) Tbob
Tbobpb
pbk
k ^gig
^gigrl
rlbb
bbk
k
Wrbabk egtfdg pghbisbkbbk aka dasusuk jgrdbsbribk urutbk pbdb susukbk
rbk`bkb bkccbrbk jabyb sgpgrta ybkc tgrdbpbt pbdb dfiuegk hghbkc, kbeuk urutbk
sgeubb pgigrlb
sgeu pgigrlbbk
bk bibk
bibk egkcai
egkcaiuta
uta Lbdwbh
Lbdwbh ^ghbis
^ghbisbkb
bkbbk
bk ^gigrl
^gigrlbbk
bbk sgpgrta
sgpgrta pbdb
pbdb
hbeparbk dfiuegk hghbkc dbk tbobpbk pghbisbkbbkkyb bibk dasgjutibk pbdb sgtabp
 pgklghbsbk tbtb`brb pghbisbkbbk dbhbe pgejbobsbk sghbklutkyb. Pgtghbo sghgsba
tbobpbk
tbobpbk igcabtbk
igcabtbk pgkdbouhu
pgkdbouhubk/ig
bk/igcabtbk
cabtbk prb-ifkstru
prb-ifkstruisa,
isa, ebib bibk ebsui dbhbe
tbobpbk pgigrlbbk pfifi ifkstruisa.
^gigrlbbk ^grsabpbk
^gigrlbbk
^gigrlbbk ^grsabpbk
^grsabpbk bdbhbo bwbh pgigrlbbk
pgigrlbbk ifkstruisa
ifkstruisa.. ^gigrlbbk
^gigrlbbk pgrsabpbk
pgrsabpbk
obrus
obrus igrlbi
igrlbibk
bk uktui
uktui egkukl
egkuklbkc
bkc pgigrl
pgigrlbbk
bbk pfifi.
pfifi. Wrbabk
Wrbabk hakciu
hakciup
p pgigrlb
pgigrlbbk
bk
 pgrsabpbk bdbhbo pgkcuiurbk dbk pgejgrsaobk hbpbkcbk,
hbpbkcbk, pbsbkcbk jfuwphbki, sgwb
cudbkc dbk jbrbi igrlb, bdeakastrbsa dbk dfiuegktbsa, igsgobtbk dbk igsghbebtbk
igrlb.
Pg`brb ueue, urbabk pghbisbkbbk pgigrlbbk pgrsabpbk bdbhbo sgjbcba jgraiut<

b) ^gkcuiurbk dbk pgejgrsaobk hbpbkcbk

^gigrlb
^gigrlbbk
bk pgkcui
pgkcuiurb
urbk
k dbk hgvghak
hgvghakc
c hbpbkc
hbpbkcbk
bk (Watzgt
(Watzgt)) egrupb
egrupbibk
ibk lgkas
lgkas
 pgigrlbbk ybkc dacukbibk uktui egwuludibk dgkbo jgktui jbkcukbk egklbda
subtu jbkcukbk pbdb tbkbo hfibsa ybkc tghbo dasgdabibk.
Da dbhbe
dbhbe pgigrl
pgigrlbbk
bbk egejgr
egejgrsao
saoibk
ibk hfibsa
hfibsa igrlb
igrlb dbra
dbra sbepbo
sbepbo ybkc
ybkc bibk
bibk
egkcobejbt lbhbkkyb pgigrlbbk sghbhu dahbiuibk pbdb bwbh pgigrlbb.
Egeakdboibk jgkdb ybkc bibk egkcobejbt prfsgs pgigrlbbk.
Egkcad
Egkcadgkt
gktamai
amaibsa
bsaibk
ibk b`ubk/
b`ubk/jgk
jgk`o
`o ebri
ebri (JE)
(JE) sgjbcba
sgjbcba hgvgh
hgvgh pgejub
pgejubtbk
tbk
 jbkcukbk.
^gkgktubk tatai igtakccabk dbk sudut-sudut obkyb dahbiuibk dgkcbk bhbt ‐ 
bhbt wbtgr pbss / togfdfhato. Pgtghbo pgigrlbbk pbkcuiurbk (survgy) hfibsa
 prfygi sghgsba, igtgrbkcbk tatai igtakccabk pgah dbk sudut - sudut masai 
 

 jbkcukbk sudbo dadbpbtibk ebib pgigrlbbk sghbklutkyb

s ghbklutkyb bdbhbo ^gebsbkcbk
Jfuwph
Jfuwphbki
bki,, Jfuwph
Jfuwphbki
bki sgkdar
sgkdaraa egrupb
egrupbibk
ibk pbtfi
pbtfi ibyu
ibyu sgegkt
sgegktbrb
brb ybkc
ybkc
 jgrmukcsa uktui egkgktuibk tatai Bs jbkcukbk
jbkcukbk ybkc bibk dajbk
dajbkcuk.
cuk.
Egebsbkc pbtfi pbdb iffrdakbt-iffrdakbt ybkc datgktuibk.

Egkgktuibk hgvgh jbkcukbk jgrdbsbribk b`ubk/pbtfi JE dgkcbk bhbt jbktu

ybkc dasgpbibta dbk egkbkdbibk obsah pgkcuiurbkkyb pbdb pbtfi ybkc tghbo
tgrpbsbkc.

j) ^bsbkcbk Jfuwphbki

Jfuwphbki bdbhbo bhbt jbktu uktui egejubt sud

sudut (1
(1>
>¾) dbk
ig
igta
takc
kcca
cabk
bk/g
/ghg
hgvbs
vbsaa hbkt
hbktba
ba.. Jfuw
Jfuwph
phbk
bki
i da
daju
jubt
bt db
dbra
ra pb
pbpb
pbk
k dbk
dbk ib
ibyu
yu jb
jbhf
hfi.
i.
^gebsbkcbk jfuwphbki dahbiuibk pbdb lbrbi 2 e da hubr dgkbo ybkc bibk
dajubt,
dajubt, tulubkkyb
tulubkkyb bcbr jfuwphbki
jfuwphbki tadbi tgrjfkcibr
tgrjfkcibr sbbt pgkccbhabk
pgkccbhabk pfkdbsa.
pfkdbsa.

^gebsbkcbk jfwphbki daigrlbibk sgtghbo pgigrlbbk pgkcuiurbk dgkcbk jbai 

egkccukbi
egkccukbibk
bk pgsbwbt
pgsbwbt togfdfhato
togfdfhato ebupuk egtfdg
egtfdg pgkyaiubk
pgkyaiubk sg`brb ebkubh.
ebkubh.
^gkcui
^gkcuiurb
urbk
k aka sbkcbt
sbkcbt pgktak
pgktakc
c ibrgkb
ibrgkb egrup
egrupbib
bibk
k dbsbr
dbsbr dbra
dbra pgejbk
pgejbkcuk
cukbk
bk
 prfygi, pfsasa jbkcukbk pbcbr jbai brbo ofrazfktbh ebupuk vgrta`bh. ^gah
 jbkcukbk ueuekyb dabejah dbra bs lbhbk btbu pgah jbklar ybkc tghbo bdb, dbk
egklbda
egklbda b`ubk sghbklutkyb
sghbklutkyb dbhbe eghbisbkbibk
eghbisbkbibk pgigrlbbk.
pgigrlbbk. Pgtghbo
Pgtghbo pgigrlbbk
pgigrlbbk
 pgkcuiurbk dahbklutibk dgkcbk pgigrlbbk pbsbkc jfuwphbki. Jfuwphbki 
dajfkcibr sgtghbo pgigrlbbk pfkdbsa sghgsba dahbisbkbibk. Bdbpuk Pybrbt-sybrbt
egebsbkc jfuwphbki bdbhbo sgjbcba jgraiut<

Igduduibkkyb obrus iubt dbk tadbi eudbo cfybo.

Jgrlbrbi `uiup dbra rgk`bkb cbhabk, dausbobibk jfuwphbki tadbi cfybkc
biajbt pghbisbkbbk cbhabk tbkbo.
  Tgrdbpbt tatai btbu dajubt tbkdb-tbkdb.

Pasa btbs jfuwphbki obrus tgrhgtbi sbtu jadbkc (ofrazfktbh) dgkcbk pbpbk
 jfuwphbki hbakkyb.
Hgtbi igduduibk jfuwphbki obrus sgrbcbe (egkcobdbp igdbhbe jbkcukbk
sgeub).
Cbras jgkbkc jfuwphbki egrupbibk bs (cbras tgkcbo) dbrapbdb pfkdbsa dbk

dakdakc jbtu jbtb.

 

`) Pgwb Cudbkc dbk Jbrbi Igrlb

Dbhbe prfygi pgejbkcukbk pbcbr aka dasybrbtibk uktui egkygwb cudbkc

dbk pgkcbdbbk jbrbi igrlb. Tbobpbk pgigrlbbk sgwb cudbkc bdbhbo pbdb sbbt
bwbh daeuhbaky
daeuhbakybb pgigrlbbk.
pgigrlbbk. Cudbkc kbktakyb
kbktakyb lucb bibk damukcsaibk
damukcsaibk sgjbcba
ibktfr hbpbkcbk ybkc bktbrb hbak mukcsakyb bdbhbo<

Egejubt
Egejubt hbpfrbk,
hbpfrbk, egepghblbra cbejbr, egejubt cbejbr igrlb dbk sgeub
bdeakastrbsa prfygi.

^gkg
^gkgep
epbtb
btbk
k bhbt
bhbt if
ifeu
euka
kaib
ibsa,
sa, sg
sgoa
oakc
kccb
cb ou
ouju
jukc
kcbk
bk/i
/ife
feuk
ukai
aibsa
bsa bk
bktb
tbrb
rb
 pgeahai, pgkcbwbs dbk ifktrbitfr dbpbt jgrlbhbk
jgrlbhbk dgkcbk jbai.

Egkyaepbk pgrbhbtbk igrlb iousus ybkc eudbo oahbkc.

Egkyaepbk jbobk jbkcukbk ybkc iousus.

Bpbjahb fpsa uktui egkygwb tadbi egeukciakibk, easbhkyb tadbi tgrsgdab

 jbkcukbk ybkc `f`fi uktui dasgwb dasgiatbr hfibsa pgigrlbbk, ebib bibk
daiffrdakbsaibk dgkcbk dargisa uktui egkcbejah bhtgrkbtam hbak sgpgrta dajubt
 jbkcukbk dbra ibyu dbk euhtaphgis dbhbe hfibsa pgigrlbbk uktui igpgrhubk atu.
Jbob
Jbobk
k uk
uktu
tui
i jb
jbkc
kcuk
ukbk
bk tgrsg
tgrsgju
jutt da bt
btbs
bs egkc
egkccu
cukb
kbib
ibk
k rb
rbkc
kcib
ib ib
ibyu
yu ib
ibsf
sf,,
 pgkutup dakdakckyb dbra euhtaphgi 1 ee dbk pgkutup btbp egkccukbibk sgkc
cg
cghf
hfej
ejbk
bkc,
c, hbktb
hbktbaa dg
dgkc
kcbk
bk das`r
das`rgg
ggda
dakc
kc.. Jbkc
Jbkcuk
ukbk
bk tg
tgrsg
rsgju
jutt da bt
btbs
bs lu
lucb
cb
egk`biup jbkcukbk cudbkc uktui egkyaepbk bhbt igrlb dbk ebtgrabh ybkc
rgktbk
rgktbk tgrobdb
tgrobdbp
p `ub`b
`ub`b dbk ybkc eudbo
eudbo oahbkc
oahbkc sgpgrta
sgpgrta < jfr hastrai
hastrai,, cgrakd
cgrakdbb

hastrai, vajrbtfr, sgegk, igrbeai, `bt, ibjgh, bhbt sbkatbar dbk hbakkyb. Jbkcukbk
cudbkc egkccukbibk rbkcib ibyu ibsf, pgkutup dakdakc dbra euhtaphgi 1 ee
dbk pgkutup btbp egkccukbibk sgkc cghfejbkc, hbktba dgkcbk das`rggdakc.
Jbkcukbk tgrsgjut da btbs dadaraibk pbdb brgb ybkc tadbi egkccbkccu prfsgs
 jgrhbkcsukckyb pghbisbkbbk pgigrlbbk. Pghbak jbkcukbk tgrsgjut da btbs, lucb
dapgrhuibk mbsahatbs bifefdbsa jbca tgkbcb igrlb supbyb tgr`bpba gmasagksa dbra
sgca wbitu pgrhu dajubtibk sbrbkb pgefkdfibk btbu jbrbi. ^groatukcbk dgkcbk
iubktatbs ybkc bibk jgrhbkcsukc da hfibsa pgigrlbbk dapgrhuibk jbrbi pgigrlb
dg
dgkc
kcbk
bk ui
uiur
urbk
bk eaka
eakaeu
eue
e 4 ex 2> e uk
uktu
tui
i ib
ibpb
pbsat
satbs
bs ebis
ebisae
aeue
ue 27 - :>

 pgrsfkgh/tgkbcb. Jbrbi igrlb bibk dajubt jgrjgktui jbkcukbk ibyu dbk traphgis
 

1 ee, hbktba pgrigrbsbk rbjbt jgtfk dbk btbp sgkc cghfejbkc. Jbkcukbk bibk
dajubt ififo sgoakccb iubt egkbepukc jgjbk dbk bkcak sgrtb hbktba uktui 
astarbobt pbrb pgigrlb dajubt hgjao takcca uktui egkcoakdbra cgkbkcbk bar.

d) Igsgobtbk dbk Igsghbebtbk Igrlb

Igsgobtbk dbk igsghbebtbk igrlb (I0) bdbhbo igcabtbk ybkc tgribat dgkcbk
igsgob
igsgobtbk
tbk,, igsghb
igsghbebtb
ebtbk,
k, dbk igsglb
igsglbotg
otgrbbk
rbbk pgigrlb
pgigrlb ybkc
ybkc jgigrl
jgigrlbb da hfibsa
hfibsa
 prfygi. Tulubk I0 bdbhbo uktui egeghaobrb igsgobtbk dbk igsghbebtbk
hakciukcbk igrlb. Igsgobtbk dbk igsghbebtbk igrlb `uiup pgktakc jbca efrbh,
hgcbhat
hgcbhatbs,
bs, dbk makbks
makbksabh
abh.. Ifkstru
Ifkstruisa
isa bdbhbo
bdbhbo sbhbo
sbhbo sbtu pgigrlb
pgigrlbbk
bk ybkc
ybkc pbhakc
pbhakc
 jgrjbobyb da dukab, egkcobsahibk takcibt igebtabk ybkc pbhakc
pbhakc jbkybi da bktbrb
sgitfr hbakkyb. ^rbitgi I0 (igsghbebtbk igsgobtbk igrlb) eghaputa pgk`gcbobk,
 pgejgrabk sbkisa, dbk ifepgksbsa, lucb pgkygejuobk huib dbk pgrbwbtbk
uktui pgigrlb dbk egkygdabibk pgrbwbtbk igsgobtbk dbk `uta sbiat. ^grbhbtbk
igrlb
igrlb sgpgrta
sgpgrta egsak
egsak dbk lucb
lucb jbobk-
jbobk-jbo
jbobk
bk uktui
uktui igjutu
igjutuobk
obk ifkstru
ifkstruisa
isa dbra
dbra
hfcbe dbk jbobk iaeab jasb egejbobybi
egejbobybibk
bk pgigrlb.
pgigrlb. Jbkybi
Jbkybi pgregsakbk
pgregsakbk ybkc
eghajbtibk
eghajbtibk pgeakdbobk
pgeakdbobk ifepfkgk dgkcbk ig`gpbtbk
ig`gpbtbk takcca,
takcca, egeahaia
egeahaia ulukc
yb
ybkc
kc tblbe
tblbe,, pg
pgre
reui
uibb
bbk
k yb
ybkc
kc pb
pbkb
kbs,
s, db
dbk
k jb
jbob
obyb
yb hb
hbak
akky
kybb yb
ybkc
kc jg
jgrp
rpft
ftgk
gksa
sa
egrgeuiibk, egejbibr, egeftfkc, egkusui dbk egejgraibk jgkturbk dbk
eghuib
eghuibaa pgigrlb
pgigrlb laib
laib tadbi
tadbi dacukb
dacukbibk
ibk dgkcbk
dgkcbk bebk.
bebk. Takdbi
Takdbibk
bk iousus
iousus uktui 
uktui 
egwuludibk igsgobtbk dbk igsghbebtbk igrlb dbhbe prfygi aka dbpbt dahaobt
dbhbe tbjgh jgraiut aka<

^gkcbdbbk jbobk-jbobk egdas dbk fjbt-fjbtbk uktui pgrtfhfkcbk pgrtbeb

 laib tgrlbda ig`ghbibbk.

^gkcbd
^gkcbdbbk
bbk pgrbhb
pgrbhbtbk
tbk sbmgty
sbmgty sgpgrt
sgpgrtaa oghe,
oghe, sbrukc
sbrukc tbkcbk
tbkcbk,, sgpbtu
sgpbtu jfft,
jfft,

ib`bebtb dbk ebsigr. Luehbokyb bibk dasgsubaibk uktui ebsakcebsakc

atge pgigrlbbk.

Wktui
Wktui pgigrlb
pgigrlbbk
bk pbdb
pbdb igtakc
igtakccab
cabk
k sgpgrta
sgpgrta phgstgr
phgstgrbk
bk dbk b`abk,
b`abk, rghagm
rghagm dbk

 pgkcg`btbk bibk dabdbibk s`bmfhdakc.

 

  ^gkgepbtbk hfibsa wfrisofp uktui pgrbiatbk jgsa dbk jgiastakc pbdb hfibsa

ybkc
ybkc tgrhakd
tgrhakdukc
ukcaa dbk tadbi
tadbi egejbo
egejbobyb
bybibk
ibk ibcabt
ibcabtbk
bk hba
hbak.
k. Ibrgkb
Ibrgkb pbdb
pbdb
wfri
wfriso
sofp
fp tgrd
tgrdbp
bpbt
bt pg
pgkc
kccu
cukb
kbbk
bk pg
pgrbh
rbhbt
btbk
bk ig
igrl
rlbb tg
tgru
rutb
tbeb
eb egsa
egsak
k db
dbpb
pbtt
egkygjbjibk Igjasakcbk ybkc dbpbt egejgraibk jbobyb tgrsgkdara ybkc

ebep
ebepu
u egkc
egkcbi
biaj
ajbti
btibk
bk oahb
oahbkc
kcky
kybb pg
pgkd
kdgk
gkcb
cbrbk
rbk.. ^b
^bdb
db pr
prfs
fsgs
gs ig
igrl
rlbb da
wfrisofp lucb bibk tgrlbda tgepgrbtur gistrae, easbhkyb pbdb pgigrlbbk
 pgkcghbsbk ybkc ybkc egkaejuhibk gmgi Iglutbk hastrai egejgraibk rasaif
 jbobyb sgpgrta tgrsgkcbt hastrai, huib jbibr, dbk lbtuo dbra mbsahatbs akstbhbsa
hastrai.

Egkcbtur hfibsa pgkyaepbkbk/cudbkc uktui jbobk/ebtgrabh ybkc jgrjbobyb

tgrpasbo dbra jbobk/ebtgrabh jabsb.

Egkcbtur hfibsa pbriar igkdbrbbk tgrpasbo dbra hfibsa pgkyaepbkbk ebtgrabh

dbk wfrisofp.

Egejgr
Egejgraib
aibk
k pgkcbr
pgkcbrbob
bobk
k igpbdb
igpbdb pgigrl
pgigrlbb uktui
uktui egklbh
egklbhbki
bkibk
bk prfsgd
prfsgdur 
ur 

igsghbebtbk igrlb pbdb sgtabp lgkas pgigrlbbk uktui egkcoakdbra tgrlbdakyb

ig`ghbibbk igrlb.

Egkygdabibk rbeju-rbeju dbk pbpbk-pbpbk pgrakcbtbk igsghbebtbk igrlb

dbhbe hfibsa prfygi.

g) Bdeakastrbsa dbk Dfiuegktbsa

^gigrlbbk bdeakastrbsa, pghbpfrbk dbk dfiuegktbsa bibk daiffrdakar fhgo stbm 

bdeaka
bdeakastrb
strbsa
sa dbk dfiueg
dfiuegktb
ktbsa.
sa. Pghbak
Pghbak egkcgr
egkcgrlbi
lbibk
bk pgigrlb
pgigrlbbk
bk bdeaka
bdeakastr
strbsa
bsa
 pfifi, stbm bdeakastrbsa dbk igubkcbk lucb bibk egkcadgktamaibsa igjutuobk
tgep
tgepbt
bt takc
takccb
cbh,
h, igju
igjutu
tuob
obk
k igkd
igkdbr
brbb
bbk
k db
dbk
k sg
sgjb
jbca
cabk
bkyb
yb.. ^g
^grh
rhgk
gkci
cibp
bpbk
bk
 pgeghaobrbbk pgigrlbbk da sgdabibk sg`uiupkyb dbk dfiuegk ‐dfiuegk,
bd
bdea
eaka
kastr
strbsa
bsa pr
prfy
fygi
gi db
dbk
k hbak
hbak-hb
-hbak
ak yb
ybkc
kc jg
jgro
rouj
ujuk
ukcb
cbk
k dg
dgkc
kcbk
bk pg
pgig
igrl
rlbbk
bbk..
Efjaha
Efjahasbsa
sbsa pgrbhbt
pgrbhbtbk
bk ybatu
ybatu jabyb
jabyb uktui
uktui egkdbt
egkdbtbkc
bkcibk
ibk dbk/bt
dbk/btbu
bu egebsbk
egebsbkc
c
 pgrbhbtbk ig hfibsa pgigrlbbk daebkb lgkas pgrbhbtbk dasgsubaibk dgkcbk
ig
igju
jutu
tuob
obk
k vf
vfhu
hueg
eg pg
pgig
igrl
rlbbk
bbk db
dbk
k lb
lbkc
kcib
ib wbit
wbitu
u pg
pghb
hbis
isbk
bkbb
bbk.
k. ^g
^gig
igrl
rlbb
bbk
k
bdeakastrbsa dbk dfiuegktbsa prfygi egk`biup<
 

  ^gkcur
^gkcurusb
usbk
k bdeaka
bdeakastr
strbsa
bsa prfygi
prfygi,, ^gigrlb
^gigrlbbk
bk aka egk`bi
egk`biup<
up< jb`i
jb`i up dbtb
dbtb

eutubh `og`i kfh (E@->) dbk sofp drbwakc - Jb`i up dbtb eutubh `og`i 
makbh dbk bs juaht drbwakc, pgkcurusbk dbk jabyb ifktrbi, jabyb bdeakastrbsa
obrabk sgpgrta pgejubtbk
pgejubtbk rgqust,
rgqust, pgkcbdbbk
pgkcbdbbk woatgjfbrd
woatgjfbrd dbk pgrhgkcibp
pgrhgkcibpbk,
bk,
dbk pgkcbdbbk
pgkcbdbbk dfiuegk-dfiue
dfiuegk-dfiuegk
gk ybkc obrus dapujhaib
dapujhaibsaibk
saibk da dargisa
dargisa
iggt, pgkcurusbk tgreyk.

  Dfiuegktbsa dbk pghbpfrbk prfygi, ^gigrlbbk aka egk`biup< pgejubtbk

hbpfrb
hbpfrbk
k obrabk
obrabk,, jgrif
jgriffrd
frdakb
akbsa
sa dgkcbk
dgkcbk satg ebkbcg
ebkbcgr,
r, pgejub
pgejubtbk
tbk hbpfrb
hbpfrbk
k
eakccubk, jgriffrdakbsa dgkcbk satg ebkbcgr, pgejubtbk hbpfrbk juhbkbk,
 jgriffrdakbsa dgkcbk satg ebkbcgr, dfiuegktbsa prfygi, bibk datbkcbka
fhgo
fhgo pghbis
pghbisbkb
bkb hbpbkc
hbpbkcbk.
bk. Tabp
Tabp lgkas
lgkas pgigrl
pgigrlbbk
bbk bibk
bibk da dfiueg
dfiuegktb
ktbsai
saibk
bk
sgjbcba dfiuegktbsa prfygi ybkc bibk dacukbibk dbk daeaktb fhgo dargisa

 prfygi.Dfiuegktbsa prfygi daeuhba dbra ifkdasa kfh (>%), prfsgs

 pghbisbkbbk dbk ifkdasa sghgsba (2>>%). Mftf dfiuegktbsa bibk
dahbeparibk pbdb ebsakcebsakc hbpfrbk sgjbcba pgejuitabk btbs pgigrlbbk
ebsakc-ebsakc.
^gigrlbbk ^bcbr
Pgtghbo pgigrlbbk pgrsabpbk, dahbklutibk dgkcbk pgigrlbbk pbcbr.
b) ^gigrlbbk cbhabk tbkbo
^gigrl
^gigrlbbk
bbk cbhabk
cbhabk tbkbo
tbkbo uktui
uktui pfkdbs
pfkdbsaa dbk cbhabk
cbhabk tbkbo
tbkbo uktui
uktui pfkdbs
pfkdbsaa jbtu
jbtu
cukukc uiurbkkyb jgrjgdb tgtbpa tbobpbk dbk tbtb`brb pghbisbkbbk cbhabkkyb sbeb.
Cbhabk tbkbo daigrlbibk tgpbt sgtghbo pgebsbkcbk jfuwphbki.
^gejubtbk dbk pgkcblubk cbejbr sofp drbwakc pgigrlbbk struitur jgtfk
tabp jbcabk.
^gig
^gigrl
rlbb
bbk
k pg
pgrsa
rsabp
bpbk
bk cb
cbha
habk
bk yb
ybat
atu
u egep
egepgh
ghblb
blbra
ra sofp
sofp dr
drbw
bwak
akc
c uk
uktu
tui 
i 
egkcgtboua pfsasa dbk daegksa cbhabk jbai uktui pfkdbsa tbpbi ebupuk
 pfkdbsa jbtu cukukc.
Laib sgjghuekyb jfuwphbki dapbsbkc uktui igsghuruobk jbkcukbk, ebib
 pgrhu dapbsbkc jfuwphbki tbejbobk uktui cbhabk pfkdbsa tbpbi bcbr 
daegksa cbhabkkyb sgsuba dgkcbk tgtbp egkcb`u pbdb jfuwphbki akdui.
 

  Egkyab
Egkyabpib
pibk
k tgkbcb
tgkbcb pgkccb
pgkccbha
ha dbk pgrbhb
pgrbhbtbk
tbk cbha
cbha sgpgrta
sgpgrta `bkciu
`bkciuh,
h, sgifp,
sgifp,
`bkciuh jurukc, pbkcia dbk hbak-hbak.
^gkccbhabk tbkbo uktui pfkdbsa sgtgepbt dahbiuibk sg`brb obta-obta sgrtb
obrus egkcgtboua uiurbk pbklbkc, hgjbr dbk igdbhbebk pfkdbsa.

Hgjbr dbsbr cbhabk tbkbo pfkdbsa ogkdbikyb

ogkdbikyb dajubt
dajubt hgjao hgjbr dbra uiurbk
 pfkdbsa bcbr tuibkc hgjao hghubsb jgigrlbkyb btbu dasgsubaibk dgkcbk
uiurbk hgjbr pfkdbsa sgsuba dgkcbk cbejbr igrlb. Pgeub cbhabk tbkbo obrus
datgep
datgepbti
btibk
bk dahubr
dahubr dbk bcbi
bcbi lbuo
lbuo dbra
dbra pgigrl
pgigrlbbk
bbk pgkccb
pgkccbhab
habk
k bcbr
bcbr tadbi 
tadbi 
egkccb
egkccbkcc
kccu
u pgigrlb
pgigrlbbk.
bk. Pghuru
Pghuruo
o pgigrl
pgigrlbbk
bbk tbkbo
tbkbo dbk pfkdbs
pfkdbsaa aka obrus
obrus
sgsuba dgkcbk vfhueg pgigrlbbk, cbejbr igrlb dbk ZIP.
  Tbkbo obsah cbhabk datgepbtibk da sgiatbr cbhabk pbdb tgepbt ybkc tadbi 
bibk egkccbkccu pgigrlbbk hbak, ibrgkb tbkbo tgrsgjut bibk dapbiba uktui 
taejukbk igejbha

j) ^gigrlbbk jgtfk jgrtuhbkc

  Ifepfkgk Jgrtuhbkc tgrdara dbra ^fkdbsa Tbpbi dbk Ifhfe ^gdgstbh, Phffm 
dbk ifhfe pbcbr.
Ptru
Ptruit
itur
ur ^fkd
^fkdbs
bsaa tbpb
tbpbi
i db
dbk
k if
ifhf
hfe
e pg
pgdg
dgstb
stbhh egru
egrupb
pbib
ibk
k sbtui
sbtuigsb
gsbtu
tubk
bk..
Ifkstruisa tuhbkcbk dbra igdub struitur aka lucb sbtu igsbtubk.
  Tbobpbk pghbisbkbbk<

  ^grsabpbk

Bpprfvbh ebtgrabh ybkc bibk dacukbibk.

  ^grsabpbk dbk pgkygsubabk hbobk igrlb hbobk igrlb.

^grsabpbk ebtgrabh igrlb, bktbrb hbak < pbsar jgtfk, igraiah jgtfk, jgsa
 jgtfk, ibwbt jgtfk, sgegk ^@, pbsar, euhtaphgi 1 ee, pbiu, eakybi 
 jgigstakc, jbhfi ibyu, ibyu hbt, pbpbk ibyu dbk hbak-hbak.
 

  ^grs
^grsabp
abpbk
bk bhbt
bhbt jb
jbkt
ktu
u ig
igrl
rlb,
b, bk
bktb
tbrb
rb hbak
hbak < `f
`fk`
k`rgt
rgtgg eaxg
eaxgrr (efh
(efhgk
gk),
),
vajrbtfr,
vajrbtfr, egtgrbk,
egtgrbk, cgrcbla,
cgrcbla, jbr jgkdgr,
jgkdgr, s`obmfhdakc
s`obmfhdakc,, rbsibe,
rbsibe, jgkbkc,
jgkbkc,
sghbkc bar, taejb `fr, igrgtb sfrfkc dbk hbak-hbak.
  Mbjraibsa dbk akstbhbsa jgsa tuhbkcbk

^ghbisbkbbk mbjraibsa jgsa tuhbkcbk

^ghbisbkbbk tuhbkcbk egegrhuibk
egegrhuibk tgepbt ybkc `uiup
hu
hubs
bs uk
uktu
tui
i egkb
egkbru
ruo,
o, egef
egeftftfkc
kc jg
jgsa
sa jg
jgtf
tfk
k db
dbk
k egej
egejgk
gkci
cifi
fiky
kybb
sgoakccb sgsuba dgkcbk cbejbr ybkc tghbo dasgtulua.
Egejubt `uttakc phbk sgsuba dgkcbk igjutuobk ybkc dajutuoibk fhgo
cbejbr rgk`bkb.
Jgsa
Jgsa jgtf
jgtfk
k ybkc
ybkc dapb
dapbib
ibaa uk
uktu
tui
i pr
prfy
fygi
gi ak
akaa eutu
eutu db
dbk
k da
dabe
begt
gtgr 
gr 
(spgsamaibsa) dasgsubaibk dgkcbk cbejbr igrlb dbk ZIP.
^ftfkc dbk jgktui jgsa jgtfk dgkcbk uiurbk sgsuba cbejbr igrlb ybkc
sudbo datubkcibk dbhbe `uttakc phbk.

Egrbkciba jgsa jgtfk dbk egkcaibt dgkcbk ibwbt jgtfk.

Jgsa
Jgsa jgtf
jgtfk
k ybkc
ybkc tghb
tghbo
o damb
dambjr
jrai
aibs
bsaa da
dajg
jgra
ra tb
tbkd
kdbb sg
sgsu
suba
ba dg
dgkc
kcbk
bk
 pgkgepbtbkkyb, supbyb tadbi egejakcukcibk/egejubkc
egejakcukcibk/egejubkc wbitu uktui 
sbbt bibk dapbsbkc.
Tuhb
Tuhbkc
kcbk
bk pfkd
pfkdbs
bsaa ybkc
ybkc su
sudb
dbo
o da
dajg
jgkt
ktui
ui uk
uktu
tui
i pf
pfkd
kdbs
bsaa tb
tbpb
pbi 
i 
datgepbtibk pbdb hujbkc cbhabk sgtghbo dajgraibk pbsar uruc 7 `e.
Tuhbkcbk shffm ybkc sudbo darbiat dapbsbkc da btbs pfkdbsa jbtu cukukc
ybkc tghbo sghgsba daigrlbibk dbk sgjghuekyb dapbsbkc bkc`ofr/sta`i.
  Tuhbkcbk ifhfe dapbsbkc pbdb sta`i ybkc dasgdabibk pbdb pgigrlbbk

ifhfe pgdgstbh.
  Akstbhbsa tuhbkcbk ifhfe jgrsbeb jgiastakc obrus tgcbi hurus.

  ^gkygtghbk tgcbi hurus pbdb sasa-sasa jgiastakc ifhfe dgkcbk wbtgrpbss

tbkcbk dbk uktakc-uktakc.
^fsasa pgkgepbtbk tuhbkcbk ybkc ofrazfktbh obrus tgpbt dbk hurus pbdb
bs rgk`bkb pgkgepbtbk ifhfe dbk bs pbsbkcbk jbtb sgrtb hurus egrbtb
sg`brb vgrtaibh.
Tuhbk
Tuhbkcb
cbk
k pf
pfkd
kdbsa
bsa tbpb
tbpbi
i tadb
tadbi
i jf
jfhg
hgo
o jg
jgrs
rsgk
gktu
tuob
obk
k hb
hbkc
kcsu
sukc
kc pb
pbsa
sar 
r 
uruc/dbsbr cbhabk, tgtbpa dajgraibk jgtfk db`iakc sgtgjbh 7 ‐ 3 `e.
 

  Tuhbk
Tuhbkcb
cbk
k if
ifhf
hfe
e dapb
dapbsb
sbkc
kc tg
tgcb
cbi
i hu
huru
russ egkc
egkcai
aiut
utaa jg
jgia
iasta
stakc
kc db
dbk
k
dajgraibk jgtfk db`iakc bcbr sghuruo tuhbkcbk tgrsghaeuta.
  Mbjraibsa dbk akstbhbsa jgiastakc

  Mbjraibsa
Mbjraibsa jgigstakc
jgigstakc daigrlbibk
daigrlbibk da hfibsa
hfibsa prfygi
prfygi uktui egeudboibk
egeudboibk

 pgkcuiurbk dbk egepgr`gpbt pghbisbkbbkkyb, ibrgkb bkciutbk

 jgigstakc egklbda dgibt.
Mbjrai
Mbjraibsa
bsa jgigsta
jgigstakc
kc uktui
uktui struitu
struiturr jgtfk
jgtfk dabtbs
dabtbs pgreu
pgreuibb
ibbk
k tbkbo
tbkbo
sgpgrta< ifhfe, jbhfi, phbt hbktba dbk tbkccb egkccukbibk jbobk dbra
euhtap
euhtaphgi
hgi 1 ee dbk pgriub
pgriubtbk
tbk egkccu
egkccukbi
kbibk
bk jbhfi
jbhfi ibyu
ibyu dbk bhbt
bhbt
 pgrbk`bo s`obmfhdakc, hbkcibo igrlb bdbhbo sgjbcba jgraiut< 2.
Euhtaphgi dapftfkc sgsuba dgkcbk jgktui dbk uiurbk dbhbe cbejbr 
igrlb. :. ^bsbkc dbk rbkciba pftfkcbk euhtaphgi pbdb brgb struitur ybkc
bibk da`fr dgkcbk pgriubtbk ibyu jbhfi 7/7 `e sgjbcba tuhbkcbk, ibyu

suppfrtt dbk s`obmmf

suppfr s`obmmfhda
hdakc
kc.. 0. Pgjghu
Pgjghue
e pgkcg`
pgkcg`frb
frbk,
k, jgigst
jgigstakc
akc obrus
obrus
 jgkbr-jgkbr dapgraisb igejbha lbkcbk sbepba bdb `ghbo ybkc jgrbiajbt
igjf`frbk. ^bsbkcbk jgigstakc obrus rbpao, saiu dbk hurus sgoakccb
obsah pgkcg`frbk jgtfk dbpbt egkcobsahibk jadbkc ybkc mhbt/ebisaebh.
4. Pgjg
Pgjghu
hue
e pg
pgkc
kcg`
g`fr
frbk
bk,, jb
jbca
cabk
bk db
dbhb
hbe
e jg
jgia
iast
stak
akc
c da
dajg
jgra
ra eaky
eakybi 
bi 
 jgiastakc.
Wktui ifhfe pgdgstbh, dajubtibk sgpbtu ifhfe dgkcbk jgsa jgtfk btbu
 jgsa phbt saiu uktui egklbcb bcbr ifhfe tgtbp tgcbi hurus dbk saiu.
  Pgtt
Pgttak
akc
c (p
(pbs
bsbk
bkc)
c) jg
jgsa
sa tu
tuhb
hbkc
kcbk
bk yb
ybkc
kc tg
tghb
hbo
o da
damb
mbjr
jrai
aibsa
bsa ig db
dbhbe
hbe

 jgigstakc.
^bsb
^bsbkc
kc jg
jgtf
tfk
k db
db`i
`iak
akc
c db
dbk
k `b
`bib
ibrr by
bybe
be sg`br
sg`brbb egrb
egrbtb
tb db
dbk
k sgsub
sgsubaa
igjutuobk.
  Egegraisb igejbha ghgvbsa dbk igrbtbbk pgebsbkcbk jgigstakc.

  ^gkcg`frbk jgtfk

Wktui pfkdbsa tbpbi, sgjghue pgkcg`frbk pbdb cbhabk tbkbo dajgraibk

 pbsar uruc sgtgjbh 7 `e.
^bdb tbobpbk pgigrlbbk pfkdbsa dbk pgdgstbh, pfkdbsa tbpbi da`fr hgjao
duhu, ifhfe pgdgstbh dahbklutibk pgkcg`frbkkyb sgtghbo pfkdbsa tbpbi 
egkcgrbs.
 

  Pgjghu
Pgjghue
e eghbiu
eghbiuibk
ibk pgkcg`
pgkcg`frb
frbk
k jgtfk
jgtfk tgrhgj
tgrhgjao
ao dbouhu
dbouhu ifktrb
ifktrbitf
itfr 
r 
egejubt
egejubt Lfj Eax Mfreuhb
Mfreuhb uktui
uktui egkgktuibk
egkgktuibk ifepfsasa `bepurbk
ybkc dapgrhuibk sgoakccb dadbpbtibk eutu jgtfk ybkc sgsuba dgkcbk
yb
ybkc
kc daob
daobrb
rbpi
pibk
bk.. Lfj
Lfj Eax
Eax Mfre
Mfreuh
uhbb yb
ybkc
kc tg
tghb
hbo
o da
daju
jubt
bt if
ifkt
ktrb
rbit
itfr 
fr 

dasgrboibk igpbdb dargisa ebupuk pgkcbwbs hbpbkcbk uktui dasgtulua.

Wktui igpgrhubk pgkcg`frbk pfkdbsa tbpbi dbk ifhfe pgdgstbh ^bdb
 prfygi aka egkccukbibk
egkccukbibk jgtfk eutu I-:>>.
^gkcg`frbk jgtfk daeuhba sgtghbo ifksuhtbk/dargisa egkygtulua uktui 
 pgkcg`frbk jgtfk ybkc dakybtbibk dbhbe pgrefofkbk pghbisbkbbk
igrlb.
Pgjghue dahbiuibk pgkcg`frbk, dapgraisb igejbha igiubtbk b`ubk ybkc
su
sudb
dbo
o dapb
dapbsbk
sbkc
c /d
/damb
ambjr
jrai
aibsa
bsa,, sgeub
sgeub ui
uiur
urbk
bk db
dbk
k pg
pgri
riub
ubtb
tbk
k b`
b`ub
ubk
k
dapgraisb jgkbr dbk dasboibk fhgo ifksuhtbk/dargisa uktui pgigrlbbk

sghbklutkyb.
Egejgrsaoib
Egejg rsaoibk
k sghuruo
sghuruo pgreuibbk
pgreuibbk dbk hfibsa
hfibsa pgkcg`frbk
pgkcg`frbk dbra iftfrbk
iftfrbk
dbk sbepbo.
Jgtfk ybkc dabdui dgkcbk efhgk (`fk`rgtg eaxgr) datubkcibk ig dbhbe
brgbb pgkcg`
brg pgkcg`frb
frbk,
k, pbdb
pbdb sbbt
sbbt pgkcg`
pgkcg`frb
frbk
k bduibk
bduibk jgtfk
jgtfk darbtbi
darbtbibk
bk dbk
dapbdbtibk dgkcbk vajrbtfr sgoakccb jgtfk dbpbt pbdbt dbk eg`bpba
sghb-sghb rubkc pgejgsabk.
Pghuruo
Pghuruo brgb pgkcg`frbk
pgkcg`frbk bibk dasabpibk
dasabpibk sgpgkuokyb
sgpgkuokyb sgoakccb tadbi 
tgrdbpbt pgkybejukcbk pgkcg`frbk.

 
@urrakc Jgtfk
Egtfdb ybkc eudbo dacukbibk uktui `urakc/pgrbwbtbk jgtfk dbhbe
obh aka bdbhbo pgkyarbebk hbkcsukc dgkcbk bar jgrsao sg`brb rutak.
  Wrucbk tbkbo igejbha
Pgtghb
Pgtghbo
o sghgsba
sghgsba ebsb
ebsb pgeghao
pgeghaobrbb
brbbk
k jgtfk
jgtfk dbk jgiast
jgiastakc
akckyb
kyb tgh
tghbo
bo
dajfkcibr, ebib bibk dahbiuibk pgkcurucbk igejbha tbkbo jgibs cbhabk
 pbdb brgb pfkdbsa tbpbi.
`) ^fkdbsa Jbtu Cukukc dbk Bkc`ofr Pta`i dab.? ee ‐ 2>>> ee
Tbobpbk
Tbobpbk pgigrlbbk
pgigrlbbk pbsbkcbk
pbsbkcbk pfkdbsa
pfkdbsa jbtu cukukc bdbhbo sgtghbo sghgsbakyb
sghgsbakyb

 pgigrlbbk ifhfe pgdgstbh dbk jgtfkkyb egkcgrbs. Obh aka jgrtulubk bcbr tadbi 
 

tgrcbkccukyb struitur ifhfe pgdgstbh ybkc egrupbibk iuk`a tgrjgktuikyb pbcbr 

ybkc saegtras dbk bibk egeudboib
egeudboibk
k dbhbe egejubt pgdfebk/pbtfi
pgdfebk/pbtfi b`ubk
uktu
uktui
i pgig
pgigrl
rlbb
bbk
k pgeb
pgebsb
sbkc
kcbk
bk pfkd
pfkdbs
bsaa jb
jbtu
tu cu
cuku
kukc
kc.. Hbkc
Hbkcib
ibo-
o-hb
hbkc
kcib
ibo
o
 pgejubtbkkyb bdbhbo sgjbcba jgraiut<
 

^gigrlbbk pgrsabpbk
^grsabpbk bwbh bdbhbo pgkcuiurbk dbk pgebsbkcbk jfuwphbki sgpgrta
ybkc tghbo dalghbsibk da btbs.
Jgrd
Jgrdbs
bsbr
brib
ibk
k obsa
obsahh dbra
dbra ma
magh
ghd
d gk
gkca
cakg
kggr
grak
akc
c ebib
ebib bi
bibk
bk da
dabd
bdbi
bibk
bk
^gejubtbk dbk pgkcblubk cbejbr sofp drbwakc pgigrlbbk pbsbkcbk
 jbtu ibha. Dbhbe obh aka hgvgh/igtakccabk uktui sgeub pgigrlbbk tghbo
datgktuibk
datgktuibk,, tgrebsui
tgrebsui hgvgh pgebsbkcbk jbtu cukukc.
cukukc. Hgvgh tgrsgjut
tgrsgjut
datbkdbibk pbdb sgjubo pbtfi pgrebkgk uktui dacukbibk igejbha pbdb
sbbt pgigrlbbk dahbisbkbibk.

Egkcbdbib
Egkcbd bibk k `fktfo
`fktfo ebtgra
ebtgrabh
bh ybkc
ybkc bibk
bibk dacukb
dacukbibk
ibk sgsuba
sgsuba dgkcbk
dgkcbk
spgsamaibsa tgikas dbk egkcbluibk bpprfvbh ebtgrabh igpbdb dargisa.
Egepgrsabpibk igejbha hbobk ybkc sudbo dacbha jgrsbebbk dgkcbk
cbhabk pfkdbsa tbpbi (darbpaibk igejbha).
^grsabpbk ebtgrabh igrlb, bktbrb hbak < jbtu cukukc btbu jbtu ibha, sgegk
^@, pbsar pbsbkc, bar, dbk hbak-hbak.
^grsabpbk bhbt jbktu igrlb, bktbrb hbak< egtgrbk, jgkbkc, sghbkc bar, dbk
hbak-hbak.
  Pgtg
Pgtghb
hbo
o pg
pgig
igrlb
rlbbk
bk pg
pgrsa
rsabp
bpbk
bk sg
sghg
hgsba
sba,, ebib
ebib tbobp
tbobp sghbk
sghbklu
lutk
tkyb
yb bd
bdbh
bhbo
bo

^ghbis
^ghbisbkb
bkbbk
bk pgigrlb
pgigrlbbk
bk pbsbkc
pbsbkcbk
bk jbtu
jbtu ibha,
ibha, dgkcbk
dgkcbk egkcai
egkcaiuta
uta hbkcib
hbkcibo
o
 pgigrlbbk sgjbcba jgraiut <
Egrbpaibk igejbha cbhabk tbkbo uktui pbsbkcbk jbtu cukukc.

Egebstaibk cbhabk tbkbo uktui pbsbkcbk jbtu ibha, uiurbk hgjbr dbk
igdbhbebk sudbo sgsuba rgk`bkb.
  Egebsbkc pbtfi ibyu dbk jgkbkc sgjbcba b`ubk hgvghakc pbsbkcbk
 jbtu cukukc.
Egejubt bduibk dbra sgegk dbk pbsar aibt uktui egkcaibt pbsbkcbk
 pfkdbsa jbtu ibha dgkcbk `bepurbk 2 < 4.
Dajgraibk urucbk pbsar dgkcbk tgjbh pbdbt 7 `e dbk dapbdbtibk.
 

  Pghb
Pghbkl
klut
utky
kybb da btbs
btbs ur
uruc
ucbk
bk pb
pbsar
sar,, da
daju
jubt
bt pb
pbsbk
sbkcb
cbk
k jb
jbtu
tu if
ifsf
sfkc
kc
(bbkstbepakc). ^bdb pbsbkcbk jbtu ifsfkc dapgrcukbibk pg`bobk jbtu
cuk
ukuk
ukc
c ybk
bkc
c jgru
jgrui
iurb
rbk
k ig
ig`a
`ah,
h, sg
sgo
oak
akc
ccb egeud
geudbo
boi
ibk uktu
tui 
i 
egkdbpbtib
egkdbpbtibk
k igtgjbhbkky
igtgjbhbkkybb dbk hgjbrkyb
hgjbrkyb dasgsubaibk
dasgsubaibk dgkcbk
dgkcbk uiurbk
uiurbk

dbhbe cbejbr rgk`bkb.

Pgjghue pgebsbkcbk, jbtu ibha dajbsboa dgkcbk bar tghgjao dbouhu.

^bs
bsbk
bkc
c jbtu
btu ibha
bha da btbs
btbs pbs
bsbk
bkcb
cbk
k jb
jbtu
tu bbks
bbkstb
tbep
epak
akc
c dgk
gkc
cbk
egkccukbibk bduibk ybkc egrbtb egkcasa rfkccb-rfkccb bktbr jbtu
ibha.
Jbtu
Jbtu ybkc
ybkc jgruiu
jgruiurbk
rbk jgsbr
jgsbr dbk ybkc
ybkc egepuk
egepukyba
yba pgreui
pgreuibbk
bbk rbtb
rbtb
dapbsbk
dapbsbkc
c da jbcabk
jbcabk pakcca
pakccarr ybkc
ybkc daaibt
daaibt dgkcbk
dgkcbk bduibk
bduibk,, sgdbkc
sgdbkcibk
ibk
 pg`bobk jbtu cukukc ybkc jgruiurbk ig`ah damukcsaibk sgjbcba
 pgkcaibt dbk datgepbtibk pbdb jbcabk dbhbe pbsbkcbk pfkdbsa

sgoakccb pfkdbsa bibk tgrjgktui dgkcbk rbpa.

Jbtu ibha dasusuk sgdgeaiabk rupb sgoakccb pbsbkcbk jbtu ibha tadbi 

eudbo
eudbo rgtbi/
rgtbi/pbt
pbtbo
bo dbk jgrfkc
jgrfkccb jgsbr.   Pgjghue egkcuk`a jbcabk
cb jgsbr.
btbss pbsbkc
btb pbsbkcbk
bk jbtu
jbtu dgkcbk
dgkcbk bduibk
bduibk dbk jbtu
jbtu ybkc
ybkc jgruiu
jgruiurbk
rbk ig`ah,
ig`ah,
tgrhgjao dbouhu dapbsbkc bkc`ofr/sta`i  ? ee tabp 2 egtgr.

Egegraisb igejbha ghgvbsa pgigrlbbk pbsbkcbk jbtu ibha bpbibo sudbo

sgsuba rgk`bkb.
^gigrlbbk bioar bdbhbo makaso pbsbkcbk jbtu ibha dgkcbk phgstgrbk sabr.

Pgtghbo pfkdbsa sghgsba, Tbobpbk tgrbioar bdbhbo pgkcurucbk igejbha

tbkbo jgibs cbhabk.
Tbkbo obsah cbhabk dauruc ig dbhbe hujbkc cbhabk ybkc ebsao tgrsasb
dbk dapbdbtibk.
d) ^bsbkcbk Dakdakc Jbtb 2 < :
Wrut
Wrutbk
bk pg
pghb
hbis
isbk
bkbk
bk pb
pbsbk
sbkcb
cbk
k dakd
dakdak
akc
c jb
jbtb
tb 2 < : pbcb
pbcbrr bd
bdbh
bhbo
bo sgtgh
sgtghbo
bo
egej
egejfk
fkci
cibr
br jgia
jgiast
stak
akc
c sh
shff
ffmm dbk
dbk sg
sgtg
tghb
hbo
o sg
sghg
hgsb
sbaa eghb
eghbiu
iuib
ibk
k pg
pgig
igrl
rlbb
bbk
k
 pgkcg`frbk ifhfe.
Hbkcib
Hbkcibo
o pgrtbe
pgrtbebb bdbhbo
bdbhbo egepgh
egepghblbr
blbraa sofp
sofp drbwak
drbwakc
c dbk egkcbl
egkcbluib
uibk
k
rgqugst pgigrlbbk igpbdb dargisa.
  Egkcbdbibk jbobk dbk ebtgrabh sgpgrta jbtu jbtb, pbsar aibt dbk sgegk ^@.
 

  Egejubt pgkcuiurbk igejbha da btbs shffm uktui egebsbkc pbtfi dbk

 jgkbkc b`ubk.
Ebriakc pfsasa pbsbkcbk jbtb sgtgjbh jbtb (dub cbras).

Jubt ebriakc paklbebk sglbuo 7> `e dbra pfsasa dakdakc jbtb dub sasa.

^bsbkc jbtbkc prfmah ibyu/jgsa uktui b`ubk pbdb igdub sasa pbsbkcbk jbtb
ybkc bibk dapbsbkc. @gi vgrta`bhaty ibyu b`ubk dgkcbk pgkduhue (uktakc-
uktakc).
^bsbkc jgkbkc sg`brb ofrazfktbh dbra b`ubk ig b`ubk uktui sgtabp : hbpas
 jbtb.
Zgkdbe jbtb dbhbe bar.

Bdui
Bdui efrtbr
efrtbr (bduib
(bduibk)
k) uktui
uktui pbsbkc
pbsbkcbk
bk jbtb
jbtb dgkcbk
dgkcbk ifepf
ifepfsasa
sasa sgsuba
sgsuba
spgsamaibsa tgikas.
Efrtbr bwbh jgrmukcsa sgjbcba pgrbtbbk pgreuibbk.

Egebsbkc
Egebsbkc jbtb hbpas pgrtbeb.
pgrtbeb. @gi pfsasa pbsbkcbk tgrobdbp ebriakc, laib
sgsuba dbpbt dahbklutibk ig tbobp jgraiutkyb sgsuba jgkbkc b`ubk sbepba
igtakccabk 2 e. Tgjbh spgsa dausbobibk 2 ~ 2.7 `e (tgrcbktukc crbdbsa
 pbsar).
Hbklutibk pgebsbkcbk sgtabp 2 e takcca.

Hbiuibk `urakc pbsbkcbk jbtb dgkcbk dasarbe bar sgtabp obra, cukb egklbcb
 pgkyusutbk ybkc jgrhgjaobk.
g)  phgstgrbk Dakdakc Jbtb 2 < :
Bdbpuk hbkcibo hbkcibo dbhbe pgigrlbbk pghgstgrbk bdbhbo sgjbcba jgraiut<
Egepgh
Egepghblbr
blbraa sofp
sofp drbwak
drbwakc
c dbk egkcbl
egkcbluib
uibk
k rgqugs
rgqugstt pgigrlb
pgigrlbbk
bk igpbdb
igpbdb
dargisa.
Egepgrsabpibk ebtgrabh jgrupb pbsar phgstgr, sgegk ^@ dbk bar.

Egebstaibk igejbha ighurusbk pbsbkcbk jbtb.

  Egebsbkc igpbhbbk/prfmah pbdb sasa-sasa dakdakc. Jabsbkyb prfmah dapbiba

 prfmah bhueukaue ibrgkb iubt, hurus dbk eudbo dapbiu btbu ibyu ybkc
igtbe dgkcbk jgkbr-jgkbr hurus.
^rfmah dapbsbkc tgcbi jgkbr-jgkbr tgcbi hurus dajbktu dgkcbk uktakcuktakc
dbk dahgkcigtibk pbdb sasa dakdakc ybkc bibk daphgstgr sgiubt eukciak.
 

  Parbe pgreuibbk jbtb sbepba dgkcbk lgkuo pgreuibbk.

Bduibk phgstgrbk ybkc sudbo dajubt daobepbribk ig dakdakc ybkc bibk

daphgstgr dbk dacfsfi dgkcbk rbsibe (egtfdg phgstgr B`go) .
  ^gkccfsfibk dahbiuibkk sgdgeaiabk rupb sgoakccb bduibk sgegk jgkbr-

 jgkbr hgkcigt ig dakdakc sg`brb egrbtb dbk pgreuibbkkyb obhus.

obhus.
  ^gkcg`gibk ighurusbk phgstgrbk dahbiuibk dgkcbk egebsbkc jgkbkc pbdb
 prfmah iara-ibkbk dakdakc.
  Hbiuibk pgkcg`gibk igejbha sgtghbo sghgsba phgstgrbk.
Pbejah egkukccu sgttakc phgstgrbk ² 3 obra, phgstgrbk dasarbe :x sgobra.
m) B`abk obhus ifhfe
^gigrlbbk
^gigrlbbk b`abk obhus ifhfe adgktai dgkcbk tbtb`brb phgstgrbk
phgstgrbk dakdakc jbtb.
Jgraiut aka bibk daurbaibk hbkcibo hbkcibo dbhbe pgigrlbbk b`abk obhus ifhfe<
Egepghblbra sofp drbwakc uktui egkcgtboua uiurbk ifhfe.

Tulubk egkcb`a ifhfe bdbhbo uktui egejgktui ifhfe jgkbr-jgkbr rbpa,

saiu dbk sglblbr sbtu sbeb hbak.
Hbkcibo pgrtbeb bdbhbo egebsbkc prfmah pbdb ifhfe pbhakc ulukc pbdb
sasa hubr dbk sasa dbhbe.
^rfmah dapbsbkc tgcbi hurus.

Dapbsbkc jgkbkc pbdb prfmah tgrsgjut uktui eghurusibk ‘jbrasbk― ifhfe.

Bduibk
Bduibk sgegk dbk pbsar dabphaibsaibk
dabphaibsaibk ig ifhfe
ifhfe jgkbr-jgkbr
jgkbr-jgkbr egkcaiuta
egkcaiuta
 jgkbkc sgoakccb ifhfe bibk
bibk tgrhaobt hurus dbk saiu.
c) Zghagm Dakdakc ^bcbr dbk Zghagm Ifhfe ^bcbr
Egtfdg pghbisbkbbk pgigrlbbk rghagm dakdakc pbcbr dbk rghagm ifhfe pbcbr 
bdbhbo sgjbcba jgraiut<
Egepghblbra sofp drbwakc uktui egkcgtboua eftam rghagm.

Egkcbluibk rgqugst pgigrlbbk igpbdb dargisa.

Egkcbdbibk tgkbcb iousus rghagm.

  Egejubt prfmah sgsuba dgkcbk jgktui dbk eftam rghagm.

  Pghbkl
Pghbklutk
utkyb
yb bdbhbo
bdbhbo pgejgk
pgejgktui
tuibk
bk bdfkbk
bdfkbk sgegk
sgegk dbk bar egklbd
egklbdaa jgktui 
jgktui 
rghagm ybkc sgsuba dgkcbk jgktui ybkc daakcakibk.
o) ^gkcbdbbk dbk ^gebsbkcbk ^bcbr Ofhhfw
 

^gkcbdbbk pbcbr jgsa ofhhfw dahbiuibk dgkcbk egegsbk pbdb suphagr

s uphagr iousus
 pgkygdab/pgkcrblak hfcbe/tfif hbs. Igpakc pbcbr ofhhfw bibk dapgsbk sgsuba
dgkcbk
dgkcbk spgsama
spgsamaibs
ibsaa ybkc
ybkc tgh
tghbo
bo datgkt
datgktuib
uibk
k dbk sudbbo
sudbbo makaso
makasoakc
akc `bt.
`bt. Wktui 
Wktui 
 pgebsbkcbk ^bcbr Ofhhfw bibk dasgdabibk tgkbcb iousus ibrgkb bibk
egkccu
egkccukbi
kbibk
bk pgrbhb
pgrbhbtbk
tbk ybkc
ybkc iousus
iousus puhb,
puhb, ybkc
ybkc tgrpgk
tgrpgktak
takc
c bdbhbo
bdbhbo,, pbcbr 
pbcbr 
dapbsbkc hurus pbdb bs pbcbr, tgcbi hurus dbk rbpa sgrtb tadbi egrusbi jbkcukbk
 pbcbr ybkc sudbo bdb.
a) ^gkcbdbbk dbk ^gebsbkcbk ^aktu ^bcbr Ofhhfw (Hgkcibp Bisgsrags)
Bisgsrag s)
^aktu pbcbr ofhhfw bibk dapgsbk igpbdb suphagr ybkc sbeb suphagr pgkygdab
 pbcbr ofhhfw. ^aktu pbcbr dapgsbk sgsuba dgkcbk jgktui ybkc datgktuibk dbhbe
sofp drbwakc. ^gkcbdbbk aka lucb ak`hudg dgkcbk pgebsbkcbkkyb fhgo suphagr,
ibrgkb egrgib egepukyba tgkbcb boha ybkc jgrpgkcbhbebk dbk egepukyba
 pgrbhbtbk ybkc hgkcibp.
 l) ^gkcbdbbk dbk ^gebsbkcbk ^bkgh CZ@ (Ifhfe)
Hbkcibo
Hbkcibo bwbh bdbhbo egepghblbra
egepghblbra sofp drbwakc
drbwakc uktui
uktui egkcgtboua
egkcgtboua jgktui 
dbk eftam dbra pbkgh CZ@ ybkc bibk dapbsbkc pbdb ifhfe.
Pghbklutkyb pbkgh tgrsgjut bibk dapgsbk dbhbe luehbo ybkc dajutuoibk da
hbpbkc
hbpbkcbk
bk tgktu
tgktu sblb dgkcbk
dgkcbk spgsama
spgsamaibs
ibsaa jbobk
jbobk ybkc
ybkc tgh
tghbo
bo dasgtu
dasgtulua
lua fhgo
fhgo
dargisa.
^gebsbk
^gebsbkcbk
cbk bibk
bibk dahbiu
dahbiuibk
ibk fhgo
fhgo suphag
suphagrr sgkdara
sgkdara ibrgkb
ibrgkb paobi
paobi suphag
suphagr 
r 
egepukyba tgkbcb boha dbk pgrbhbtbk iousus uktui pgebsbkcbk aka.
i) ^gkcg`btbk Dakdakc dbk Ifhfe

Jgraiut aka bdbhbo rubkc hakciup pgkcg`btbk jgraiut pgklghbsbkkyb<

Egebstaibk pgreuibbk dakdakc ybkc bibk da`bt jgrsao dbk igrakc uktui 
eghakd
eghakdukc
ukcaa dbra
dbra lbeur
lbeur dbk egk`gc
egk`gcbo
bo tgrlbd
tgrlbdaky
akybb pgkcgh
pgkcghupb
upbsbk,
sbk, mbitfr 
mbitfr 
igigrakcbk
igigrakcbk pbdb dakdakc
dakdakc ybkc bibk da`bt jgrpgkcbruo
jgrpgkcbruo hbkcsukc
hbkcsukc pbdb dbyb
rgibt `bt ybkc bibk iatb bphaibsaibk, `bt bibk jbcus laib egkgepgh hbkcsukc
 pbdb pgreuibbk dakdakc ybkc
ybkc bibk iatb `bt.
  Egejgrsaoibk pgreuibbk dakdakc dgkcbk bephbs ybkc ibsbr btbu cukbibk
s`rbp
s`rbppa
pakc
kc jg
jgsa
sa uk
uktu
tui
i eg
egej
ejgrs
grsao
aoib
ibk
k pg
pgre
reui
uibbk
bbk db
dbra
ra sasb
sasb b`
b`ab
abk
k yb
ybkc
kc
egkfklfh btbu iftfrbk ybkc egkcgrbs.
 

  Hbpasa
Hbpasa pgreui
pgreuibbk
bbk dakdak
dakdakc
c ybkc
ybkc tadbi
tadbi rbtb dgkcbk
dgkcbk phbear
phbear dgkcbk
dgkcbk s`rbp
s`rbp
uktui egkbobk ighubrkyb bar dbra dbhbe tgejfi.
Egepgrsabpibk jbobk `bt dgkcbk wbrkb dbk spgsamaibsa ybkc datgktuibk
dbk tghbo dasgtulua dargisa.
 
Egepgrsabpibk sgeub bhbt-bhbt ybkc dajutuoibk sgpgrta iubs dbk rfh ybkc
tgpbt.
Wktui egkcgmgitamibk pgebibabk `bt, tgejfi jbru dahbpasa dgkcbk dgkcbk
sgbhgr tgejfi ybkc jgriubhatbs jbai.
Pgtghbo dahbpas, pgreuibbk tgejfi bibk egklbda hgjao obhus, rbtb, dbk sabp
uktu
uktui
i da`b
da`bt.
t. Pg
Pgjg
jghu
hue
e eghb
eghbiu
iuib
ibk
k pg
pgkc
kcg`
g`bt
btbk
bk,, obru
obruss da
dapg
pgro
robt
btai
aibk
bk
ighgej
ighgejbpb
bpbk
k tgejfi
tgejfi ybkc
ybkc tgrlbda
tgrlbda biajbt
biajbt jbobk
jbobk ybkc
ybkc dacukb
dacukbibk
ibk sgjbcb
sgjbcbaa
`bepurbk jbobk dbsbr tgejfi.
@bt dabdui oakccb tgr`bepur rbtb. Tubkcibk dbhbe jbi uktui egkcg`bt.

@ghupibk rfhhgr ig dbhbe `bt, hbhu cuharibk rfhhgr pbdb pgreuibbk oakccb
`bt tbi egkgtgs. Wktui tbobp bioar, sbpuibk `bt pbdb pgreuibbk tgejfi.
Wktui egkcg`bt pakccarbk tgejfi btbu has dacukbibk iubs. Pgtghbo hbpasbk
 pgrtbeb egkcgrakc (:-0 lbe), dahbklutibk egkcg`bt hbpasbk igdub da btbs
hbpasbk pgrtbeb.
  Egkcg`bt tgejfi dgkcbk sbtu wbrkb sgjbaikyb daigrlbibk dbhbe sbtu ibha
 pgkcgrlbbk. Pgjghue `bt tgrpfhgs da sghuruo pgreuibbk tgejfi, lbkcbk
 jgrogkta bcbr obsahkyb tbi egejubt wbrkb tbepah jgrjgdb.
=.: Tgkbcb Igrlb
 

=.0 Ebtgrabh/Jbobk
Ebtgrabh/Jbobk
b) Pgegk
 Lgkas
Lgkas sgegk
sgegk ybkc
ybkc dapbib
dapbibaa uktui
uktui jgtfk
jgtfk dbk bduibk
bduibk dbhbe
dbhbe pgigrlb
pgigrlbbk
bk aka
bdbhbo ^frthbkd @gegkt ybkc egegkuoa sybrbt-sybrbt PAA >>20 - ?2.
 Pgegk ybkc dadbtbkcibk ig prfygi obrus dbhbe igbdbbk utuo dbk jbru.
Ibktfkc-ibktfkc pgejukcius
pgejukcius obrus utuo dbk tadbi bdb sfjgibk.
 ^gkyaepbkbk sgegk obrus dahbiuibk da dbhbe cudbkc tgrtutup dbk obrus
tgrhakdukc dbra pgkcbruo oulbk, hgejbj udbrb dbk tbkbo. Pgegk datuepui 
da dbhbekyb da btbs hbktba pbkccukc ibyu eakaebh 0> `e da btbs tbkbo.
 

Takcca
Takcca pgkuepuibk
pgkuepuibk ebisaebh
ebisaebh bdbhbo 27 hbpas. Pgegk ybkc ibktf
ibktfkcky
kckybb
 pg`bo tadbi jfhgo dapbiba dbk obrus sgcgrb dasakciaribk ighubr
ighubr prfygi.
 Pgegk ybkc dapbiba obrus dapgraisb fhgo ^gkcbwbs Hbpbkcbk sgjghuekyb.
Pgegk ybkc euhba egkcgrbs
egkcgrbs obrus sgcgrb daighubribk
daighubribk dbra prfygi. Wrutbk

 pgebibabk obrus egkcaiuta urutbk tajbkyb sgegk tgrsgjut da hbpbkcbk

sgoakccb uktui atu. Ifktrbitfr daobrusibk egkuepui sgegk jgrighfepfi 
egkurut urutbk tajbkyb da hbpbkcbk.
 Pgegk ybkc ueurkyb hgjao dbra tacb juhbk sglbi daighubribk dbra pbjrai 
tadbi dapgrigkbkibk dapbiba uktui pgigrlbbk ybkc sambtkyb struiturbh.
 Ja
Jahb
hbeb
ebkb
kb ^gkc
^gkcbw
bwbs
bs Hbpb
Hbpbkc
kcbk
bk egeb
egebkd
kdbk
bkc
c pg
pgrh
rhu,
u, Ifkt
Ifktrb
rbit
itfr
fr ob
obru
russ
eghbiuibk pgegraisbbk hbjfrbtfraue uktui egegraisb dbk eghaobt bpbibo
eutu sgegk egegkuoa sybrbt, btbs jabyb Ifktrbitfr.
 j) Bcrgcbt

 Bcrgcbt obhus btbu pbsar uktui pgigrlbbk jgtfk dbk bduibk obrus jgrjutar 
igrbs, jgrsao dbra iftfrbk dbk zbt-zbt iaeab frcbka`/bkfrcbkai ybkc dbpbt
egrucaibk eutu jgtfk btbupuk jblb tuhbkcbk, dbk jgrsudut tblbe. Pusukbk
 pgejbcabk jutar obrus egegkuoa pgrsybrbtbk sgpgrta tbjgh da jbwbo aka<

 ^grsgktbsg
^grsgk
  tbsg jgrbt
jgrbt mrbisa
mrbisa jutarbk
jutarbk ybkc
ybkc hgjao
hgjao obhus
obhus dbra >,>34
>,>34 ee dbk btbu
btbu
iftfrb
iftfrbk
k btbu
btbu huepur
huepur tadbi
tadbi jfhgo
jfhgo hgja
hgjao
o dbra
dbra 7 % tgro
tgrobdb
bdbp
p jgrbt
jgrbt
igsghuruobk
igsghuruobk.. Ig`ubha
Ig`ubha igtgktubk
igtgktubk da btbs, sgeub igtgktubk
igtgktubk bcrgcbt obhus
 jgtfk (pbsar) pbdb PIPKA T-27-2112->0 obrus dapgkuoa.
 Bcrgcbt ibsbr bdbhbo jbtu pg`bo (sphat) dgkcbk uiurbk ebisaebh :,7 `e,
dbk egepukyba
egepukyba jadbkc
jadbkc pg`bo
pg`bo eakaeue
eakaeue 4 jubo, dbk egepukyba
egepukyba jgktui 
jgktui 
hgjao iurbkc sgpgrta iujus.
 Jbtu pg`bo obrus dapgrfhgo
dapgrfhgo dbra jbtu igrbs ybkc dacahakc
dacahakc fhgo egsak
 pgeg`bo jbtu sgsuba dgkcbk pgrsybrbtbk ^JA, jgrsao, sgrtb jgjbs dbra
iftfrbk-if
iftfrbk-iftfrbk
tfrbk ybkc dbpbt egkcurbkc
egkcurbkcaa igiubtbk
igiubtbk eutu jgtfk ebupuk
ebupuk

 jblb. ^gejbcabk jutar obrus egegkuoa igtgktubk sgpgrta da jbwbo aka.

 

 Ja
Jahb
hbeb
ebkb
kb dapg
dapgrhu
rhuib
ibk,
k, pg
pgej
ejfr
frfk
fkc
c ob
obru
russ egkc
egkcbd
bdbi
bibk
bk pg
pgk`
k`be
bepu
purbk
rbk--
 pgk`bepurbk jutar uktui egepgrfhgo pgejbcabk jutar ( crbak
 crbak sazg
dastrajutafk) sgpgrta
dastrajutafk) sgpgrta ybkc dasybrbtibk dabtbs.
`) Jblb
Jblb Tuhbkcb
Tuhbkcbk
k obrus
obrus egegkuo
egegkuoaa sybrbt
sybrbt jgraiu
jgraiutt <
 Jgsaa uktui
Jgs uktui tuhbkcb
tuhbkcbk
k jgtfk
jgtfk ybkc bibk dacukbi
dacukbibk
bk dbhbe
dbhbe pgigrlb
pgigrlbbk
bk aka
bdbhbo jblb
jblb dgkcbk W-:4
W-:4 dbk eutu
eutu W-01 (eakaeue
(eakaeue yaghd-strggs
yaghd-strggs 01>>
ic/`e:) dgkcbk dabegtgr sgpgrta datgtbpibk dbhbe cbejbr igrlb.
 Wktui jblb tuhbkcbk dgkcbk dabegtgr hgjao jgsbr dbra 2= ee obrus dbra
 lgkas jblb uhar (dgmfregd jbr ) sgdbkcibk uktui dabegtgr
dabegtgr ybkc hgjao ig`ah

dbpbt dapbiba jblb pfhfs.

 Pgtabp pgkcaraebk sgluehbo
sgluehbo jgsa tuhbkcbk ig prfygi obrus
obrus dbhbe igbdbbk
 jbru dbk dasgrtba dgkcbk sgrtamaibt dbra pbjrai pgejubt, dbk jahb ^gkcbwbs
Hbpbkcbk egebkdbkc pgrhu, `fktfo
`fktfo bibk daula da hbjfrbtfraue btbs jgjbk
 pgejfrfkc. Luehbo bibk datgktuibk
datgktuibk igeudabk sgsuba igjutuobk.
 ^gkyaepbkbk/pgkuepuibk obrus sgdgeaiabk rupb sgoakccb jblb tuhbkcbk
tgroakdbr dbra pgkcftfrbk-pgkcftfrbk, eakybi, udbrb hgejbj hakciukcbk
ybkc dbpbt egepgkcbru
egepgkcbruoa/
oa/ egkcbiajbti
egkcbiajbtibk
bk jblb jgribrbt,
jgribrbt, dbk hbak-hbak
 pgkcbruo hubr ybkc egepgkcbruoa eutukyb, tgrhakdukc btbu datutup

dgkcbk tgrpbh-tgrpbh
dgkcbk tgrpbh-tgrpbh sgjghue
sgjghue dbk sgtghbo pgejgkcifibk.
pgejgkcifibk. Jblb tuhbkcbk
datue
datuepui
pui da btbs jbhfi-
jbhfi-jbh
jbhfi
fi ibyu
ibyu bcbr
bcbr tadbi
tadbi hbkcsu
hbkcsukc
kc jgrouj
jgroujukc
ukcbk
bk
dgkcbk tbkbo.
d) Bar obru
obruss egegku
egegkuoa
oa sybrbt
sybrbt jgraiu
jgraiut<
t<
 Bar ybkc dapbiba
dapbiba uktui bduibk jgtfk
jgtfk obrus jgrsao dbk bduibk spgsa obrus
 jgjbs dbra zbt-zbt frcbkai, bkfrcbkai, bsbe, cbrbe, dbk jbobk bhibha ybkc
dbpbt
dbpbt egepgk
egepgkcbr
cbruoa
uoa jgriu
jgriurbk
rbkcky
ckybb igiubt
igiubtbk
bk dbk btbu
btbu igbwgt
igbwgtbk
bk jgtfk.
jgtfk.
Eutu bar tgrsgjut sgdbpbt eukciak jgreutu bar eakue.
 

 Bar ybkc bibk

bibk dapbiba
dapbiba uktui pgigrlbbk
pgigrlbbk jgtfk,
jgtfk, egejahbs,
egejahbs, egejbsboa
egejbsboa dbk
hbak-hbak
hbak-hbak obrus
obrus egkdbp
egkdbpbt
bt pgegraisbbk
pgegraisbbk dbk pgrsgtulubk
pgrsgtulubk dbra ^gkcbw
^gkcbwbs
bs
Hbpbkcbk sgjghue dapbiba.
 ^gej
^gejfr
frfk
fkc
c ob
obru
russ egky
egkygd
gdabi
abibk
bk ba
barr ig
igrl
rlbb da jb
jbi
i pg
pgkb
kbep
epuk
ukcb
cbk
k bar da

hbpbkcbk uktui egklbeak ighbk`brbk igrlb.

g) Jgiastakc
 Jbobk jgiastakc uktui pgigrlbbk aka dbpbt egkccukbibk jgiastakc dbra ibyu
dbk phywffd
phywffd uktui pgigrlbbk
pgigrlbbk jgtfk jgrtuhbkc
jgrtuhbkc sgpgrta ybkc tgrtgrb
tgrtgrb dbhbe
cbejbr.
 Wktui egkdbpbtibk jgktui pgkbepbkc, uiurbk jgtfk sgpgrta dbhbe cbejbr 
ifkstruisa jgiastakc obrus daigrlbibk dgkcbk jbai, hurus, rbtb, tghata dbk
ififo.
 ^gigrlbbk
^gigrlbbk jgiastakc
jgiastakc obrus sgdgeaiabk
sgdgeaiabk rupb oakccb
oakccb jgiastakc
jgiastakc tgrlbeak rbpbt

dbk bduibk tadbi egrgejgs ighubr.

 Pgjghue pgkcg`frbk daeuhba, jbcabk dbhbe dbra jgiastakc obrus jgrsao dbra
iftfrbk sgrtb tadbi bdb cgkbkcbk bar ybkc egkcbiajbtibk turukkyb eutu
 jgtfk. Wktui egklbeak jbowb jbcabk dbhbe jgiastakc jgkbr-jgkbr jgrsao
dbk tadbi bdb cgkbkcbk bar dbpbt dacukbibk ifeprgssfr.
 Makaso
Makasoakc
akc jgtfk
jgtfk jgrtuh
jgrtuhbkc
bkc dbhbe
dbhbe brta
brta pgkbej
pgkbejbhb
bhbk-pg
k-pgkbe
kbejbh
jbhbk
bk sglbuo
sglbuo
eukcia
eukciak
k daoakd
daoakdbra
bra dbk jahb
jahb tgrpbi
tgrpbisb
sb dahbiu
dahbiuibk
ibk,, obrus
obrus dahbiu
dahbiuibk
ibk sgsuba
sgsuba
 pgtuklui ^gkcbwbs Hbpbkcbk.

=.4 ^grbhbtbk
 

=.7 Bspgi Igsghbebtbk

Igsghbebtbk Ifkstruisa (Igsgobtbk dbk Igsghbebtbk Igrlb/I0)
^GKBKCCWKC
JBCABK WZBABK ADGKTAMAIBPA ^GKCGKDBHABK
 KF LBSBJ (Kbeb
^GIGZLBBK ^GIGZLBBK JBOBQB ZAPAIF I0
^gtucbs)
(2) (:) (0) (4) (7) (=)
2 ^gigrlbbk ^gebsbkcbk Tgrc
grcfr
frgs
gs jgs
jgsaa ^gk
^gkccukbbk B^D
^bsbkcbk Jbtb ifhfe prbita
prbi tas
s ybkc sgsuba
Zakcbk dbk
ifhfe Tgrlgpat jg
jgs
sa Eghb is
isbkbib
ibkk
 pgigrlbbk sgsuba
 pgigrlbbk sgsuba
 prfsgdur 
 prfsgdu r 
Tgr
grpu
puiu
iuhh pbhu Eg
Eghhbiuibk
ibk p
pgh
ghbt
btaaobk ^ghbisbkb Ptruitur 
igpbdb pgigrlb

Tgrtu
Tgrtusu
sui
i ibwbt
ibwbt ^gkcc
^gkccuk
ukbbk B^D
ybkc sgsuba

^gebsbkcbk Iglbtuobk ebtgrabh

 jbtb
^gkgepbtbk ebtgrabh
obrus jbai dbk
tgrbtur. ^bebsbkcbk
 lbrakc btbu lbhb
^ghbisbkb Brsatgitur 
 pgkcbe
bebkbk da brgb
 jbwbo
Aratbsa pbdb iuhat ^gkccukbbk B^ D
biajbt tgrigkb ybkc sgsuba
 jbobk
 jbob k efrtbr 

^gejgsabk Tgr
grjgk
jgktu
turr jgsa
jgsa Eg
Egkc
kccukbibk
bibk rrbe
beju
 pgrakc
kcbtbk
btbk dbk
 jbraibdg

Tgrhuib biajbt jbr Eghbisbkbibk

 pgigrlbbk
 pgigrl bbk sgsuba
sgsuba ^ghbisbkb Ptruitur 
 prfsgdur 
 prfsgdu r 
Tgrhuib biajbt jbr Eghbisbkbibk
 jgkdgr 
 jgkdg r   pgigrlbbk
 pgigrl bbk sgsuba
sgsuba
 prfsgdur 
 prfsgdu r 
Tgrtu
Tgrtusu
suii ibwbt
ibwbt ^gkcc
^gkccuk
ukbbk B^D
ybkc sgsuba
^gkcg`frbk Tgrigkb tuepbobk Egkccukbibk rbeju
ebtgrabh  pgrakc
kcbtbk
btbk dbk
 jbraibdg

Tgrjgktur
Tgrjgktur papb trg Egkccucukbibk
kbibk rbeju
rbeju
 pgrakc
kcbtbk
btbk dbk
 jbraibdg

Aratbsa iuhat biajbt Egkccukbibk rbeju

tgrigkb tuepbobk  pgrakc kcbtbk
btbk dbk
^ghbisbkb Ptruitur 
ebtgrabh  jbraibdg.^gk
ibdg.^gkcc
ccuk
ukbbk
bbk
B^D ybkc sgsuba

Tgrtapb ebtgrabh Egebstaibk

s`bmmfdakc s`bmmfhdakc hbybi
 pbiba dbk jgjbk
tadbi eghgjaoa
ibpbsatbs
 

^GKBKCCWKC
JBCABK WZBABK ADGKTAMAIBPA ^GKCGKDBHABK
 KF LBSBJ (Kbeb
^GIGZLBBK ^GIGZLBBK JBOBQB ZAPAIF I0
^gtucbs)
: ^gigrlbbk ^gebsbkcbk Iglbt
Iglbtuo
uobk
bk jgs
jgsaa Egkc
Egkccukb
cukbibk
ibk rbeju
rbeju
Hb pas  ladbr 
Dakdakcc Hbpas
Dakdak  ladbr   pgrakc
 pgrakcbtbk
btbk dbk
^hgstgr dbk B`a  jbraibdg
 jbraibdg
Patg Gkcakkgr (PG) /
^grgk`bkb Brsatgitur /
Tgr
grccfr
frgs
gs jg
jgsa
sa ^g
^gkkccukbb
bbkk B^D Pbmgty
ybkc sgsuba

^ghbisbkbbk Aratbsa pbdb iuhat ^gkccukbbk B^D

 phgst
 phgstgrbk
grbk biajbt tgrigkb ybkc sgsuba ^ghbisbkb Brsatgitur 
 jbobkk efrtbr 
 jbob efrtbr 
 

JBJ ]AA
ZGK@BKB ^GEGZAIPBBK DBK ^GKCWLABK/AKP^G@TAFK BKD TGPT
^HBK (Z^^/AT^)

?.2 Mfrebt ^gegraisbbk/^gkculabk

^gegraisbbk/^gkculabk
MFZE ^GZEAKTBBK ^GEGZAIPBBK/^GKCWLABK
Tbkccbh pgkcblubk <
@]. JAKB
 Kf. <
EBKDAZA

S7/B:/0?1/^H.>2/]/:>2
 Kfefr Ifktrbi  0  Kbeb ^bigt <

^gkygdab Lbsb
Tbkccbh Ifktrbi < 2 Ega :>20 ^gigrlbbk < @]. JAKB EBKDAZA
Ifkstruisa

Dgtbah Dbtb ^gigrlbbk

< ^gejbkcukbk Dgsirapsa <
Cgdukc Ibktfr Tbobp
Makasoakc Ibktfr
^gkcbdahbk Bcbeb
 Kbeb ^rfygi  Eubrb Juhabk
< ^gejbkcukbk ^bcbr
Igcabtbk ^gigrlbbk Ibktfr ^gkcbdahbk
Bcbeb Eubrb Juhabk
@fst@gktgr/ Ebtb
Ebtb
Hfibsa ^gigrlbbk < Lh. ^rbeuib Kf. 2> <
bkccbrbk
Eubrb Juhabk Lbeja
Akmf Hbakkyb < Akmf Hbakkyb <
 
Zgk`bk
Zgk`bkb
b ^gegrai
^gegraisbb
sbbk/^
k/^gkc
gkcula
ulabk
bk ((Aks
Akspgi
pgisa)
sa) Zgmgrg
Zgmgrgksa
ksa Dfi
Dfiueg
uegk
k

Lgkas Akspgisa < Kfefr Zgmgrgksa

Dfiuegk

Hfibsa Akspgisa < <

 Egtofd Ptbtgegkt 

Tbkccbh Zgk`bkb Sbitu < <

Akspgisa < …../……/ ….….. < …….SAJ Cbejbr Igrlb
…..
<
AT^

Tbkccbh Zgbhasbsa Sbitu < <

Akspgisa < …../……/ ….….. < …….SAJ  Kfefr Atge AT^
…..
Hbakkyb < <

Dfiuegk ^gkduiukc ybkc Dasgrtbibk <

 
 

^gkcblubk ^gegraisbbk dbk ^grsgtulubk

Dabluibk fhgo < Dapgraisb fhgo < Dasgtulua fhgo <

^gkygdab Lbsb ^gigrlbbk Dargisa Tgikas/Ifksuhtbk Dargisa Hbpbkcbk/Ifksuhtbk

Ifkstruisa ^gkcbwbs EI 
 Kbeb < Kbeb < Kbeb <
Tbkccbh < Tbkccbh < Tbkccbh <
^gkygdab Lbsb ^gigrlbbk Ifkstruisa dbpbt eghbisbkbibk sgkdara< (Hbpfrbk obrus (Q/T)
dasgrboibk uktui dasgtulua)
Obsah ^gegraisbbk/^gkculabk (Daasa fhgo ^gkygdab Ifkmarebsa/@btbtbk dbra ^gkcbwbs
 Lbsb ^gigrlbbk Ifkstruisa)< ^gigrlbbk<

Dahbisbkbibk fhgo < Dapgraisb fhgo < Dasgtulua fhgo <

^gkygdab Lbsb ^gigrlbbk Dargisa Tgikas/Ifksuhtbk Dargisa
Ifkstruisa < ^gkcbwbs < Hbpbkcbk/Ifksuhtbk
Hbpbkcbk/Ifksuhtbk EI <

 
 Kbeb < Kbeb < Kbeb <
Tbkccbh < Tbkccbh < Tbkccbh <
 

JBJ ]AAA
^GKCGKDBHABK PWJ-^GKQGDAB LBPB DBK ^GEBPFI