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    24 views43 pages

    Distillation Theory Gavhane

    Uploaded by

    shodhan shetty

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    (CHAPTER ONE DISTILLATION > Ditton is ¢ miter which te cote of ed mbar (wht are ‘apie eng teal ogre, te Goncavapear prem of oct ensues tthe se tenets espe fr ech a sara’ Ti et epraton ‘Us tomo at facta dalton cr ractnation. With hs iq pou fo ‘pt gd mane it compen lm pr om ma de To hs lion = ‘ttt pt fl as ae persis stain, pases ste ane tig and ps evapo pe tee by sping hea the i) an se wns fo bth the ae ome te, By ‘apetaton fm te id se aby cst Ve pase. The met elect ‘lscrame compose othe me ole cng ihe agora the es ate nae i Th eee es He fpr oe ate compo othe vapour be leet em the compton of eed wt ich isin eli =the vgn fas tin the mae ale pent an he igs fom which # formed’ the vg conponion ee ame mth ed cempion, ‘sison commonly wet chemi an eeu ini 5 mean of eng ‘te gu mitre nt ts component pr The srt «mist of ec 2 we, fection of abc aol fen 88% eit ling enc, the Sepaton of elem sein asin, ene fla peal example of dilation rape cncerawih he eto of soltion contin sont salve snd vue sent when dla cance whe pean of lane re "Se cumpomct ae acca ose Th the saat ox inet asa wae Ccopuriom when he carom ore aa wer opment ‘ean ating Pat any gen pres,» pre i whe eat wl ol sgn a ceri sale ‘ensue knw the ing pit fhe gai The lig pst of cen with ‘nceane reared ce er Boi af sven penne ay ely fr reat lip For name the lng post of wae 373 K (IOP C) tf telnet ‘S606 ) and to metal 3377 K (LPC) atone tre 10325) ‘naling pit te temperate which bling aes pce mde reve of KPa (atm 9 Ee ae i ge ar arene al em ao Ger rie ew wih eee meron ee “SEITE (Tay histone etre opr ea i ee Seal ieee cocaine moe ai nee paren ‘ em eae ny fs tent nv pes nt iim abn iat he as wi nd poses ser dev 7 of sages trong which phases ow, 0) to otc Siemon tcl pa: 5 ny ence foi of Sv we tema at pin te oat wy a TENS pe ee bay sero Sai tone cna prc Ft pen ad SEACigrcacmebe ps fw ounce oa ti SSS ST Le er eel de pt prac ae gp Sh in gm Tine Sese hoon sig an mene he re me un Way mas ns re ———— SS tom ih pe ig eit ae) im rhea oe, ape Ts ge eA sven srs espa et ei me ‘agi ine conc sfc tne pve wun alin, the hes we oper sme 6 pen Fra Ee of oe ns Vay - Lig ule tai sso the em der somite Te euro a topos pone [poe yee lscanof say muse joe dln, the comme) (Stn des ce pst ng ee f= €- Poh th dope fc othe amber nee varies hc Be “ti inlet. date, eee for are epee prs ‘po cs cmon sll ie ont. Tha ep aden oy (oe es heute, ipa somprson an be chaged indepen, {Semper topo pane compet te to td the thee com ‘Ste ComtntPrenire Vapor igi alia “rain ey nib he nce ian in apo ied yet ly exe in te of ee con of toe ele ete apr phe he ee ton hte cmp in theta pase 1 ei eto diy ye oe le ap (the teepratecmpostn dng ie yam oblige diagren) (i) cq cave ptr dain Sagan The ing po aren i ple of emperor incu fu sd yg peo sin i dagen show Dow the eq pea at [pe pe compos varying wih omg. Thecomosn of he i pee ‘Spied i tems of he maton 0 th me ve component ine hg. The “Spon fhe vp pe eee nr of eae ton fhe me eae ‘monet he per te lie Smo ene Wien er Bsn ‘Scuplty, neg fe Ki cong we TE of ane de (Spal ae coords enced te pe ceo ep aie pt sh tenpraoe twa id ao gure Buble Gemperata) care (Ts) Te tenga a Career te depot (eerste) erve Tv) Teas betwee Wt ‘Sn dow git conc cot xs ge ase spray seared ied nr pls te mal Val comet P11 ang oat ago (Contant prt agri ere) ‘tan bso hh pesado he te ey Ah ome Tt tn ren sre P13 coer MLLT CENTRAL LIBRARY Pig 1.2 Butea gr Normal) pee ra es tet at ea eee sites he sli pg compotion ab hd ese ‘erin evo se comin) ll loan th ed inne fs imposing all wo en ‘Exzam or dtrton dng Ashe pe cer ihe mre ote concen rc tui cre es oon eS agua ne ch J romp. Te egitim vey ces te dag meas he ap he camponin () ot shit om i pve cogien(). smal ed ing ed i i ‘es th ale paral pomae of cosronponn Blt ten tempera ea th prt of soa sve he Prete on meetin ‘ike in pe Toa amy songs tem y 6Beeuivum arial pee a A, 1. ibe apo ps fA tp te and Be moe etc of A a he i thane = mo econ gl pe se the al pri xr by «pope mae pa the an of he rial ress of te caanens pee! he uteri heres ‘other he pri pee Mealy or mr tee | conpnst in pea pu oe tee yi te mae ton oA he ago as, : se eons fy Scant ra oral lon lo Frm Egan (1) and (17-8 om a9 : 108) stig fr any fie Eos (110) an (11a ner of Be bore BaP nn oan BE cee 8 owing oman eine fe apn fe oma 9. eth pts 09 maaan dd men fhe para presto ch men of Aveta Veta oc = BE 018 The tive voy f component A with rept is erat of tll (ie more le amp of Bs aE te att of Kt es wa cas we P= pant ety ey Bt am rs reat th at the concentration at of A Bn he apr Mall-70K = nllond Het gots = Ye-B08e salt D8 om ti 19, mg ey yen = tie a ‘steam par se compro ei | There th aie voli ost fing et se eat of | te pe po #0. sac ns ty cme A hep 8 ah ed me fe | exe nh ohh be tong euraed), Wet =n by ion 1 t {Exper athe cain olay, thease he peti yan ‘THE METHODS OF DISTILLATION BINARY SYSTEMS = 1 Te ip ep ih capt The ain ime cent in'cofee Apo he ced tl our te dsiian (Grade ing a ihn oe a ed he al nd pnt {Stun inne cunt nr es so re prot nb io Fhe pt ee cones li tcl te dons ee ef nb pen cad ian nnn. Therm reife iad he ht (SStey whose rm racine poplar in epee nt ot nga The i ro meds uri a tt ef he a on aid {ote ( ch och tt rn of cmd ui ck Dera Smeaton Ins do hit, awn iy fi ire is ae i cet ete il Tepe ved rig the mas a sl i he iy ening ‘sch nse, Tegel ow he pour oe with ad ed to Sit we hind nls em i eat a of {iT encod Stig po he ae eres peter a alte coment he sl ae nly med a ol Bg conning nt pe eeniee aes nips [sn nese i. 14: Simple station nt Merial iar itr Spent anes dig eco pron, mahal spc Se tbe he kn of guid mae A +B) coming mole fon A wich i ‘het un aL fe et ina W ete ke a a ad ‘Ate daa nto es ga so et be the i tilt in he il ay ine ig e uf lta et svete mle edo f Ain te ba Lets sn Dk of he ne ‘onpstion yn eaibun wih ip pd Ten cmon sth gy fied decemer om ose eL- penc The, 2» rere Peery On Liki = yD Soin fr 0 fo Btn (29, gion (11 Bae On List at ix = gmat | ash | 032) 033) aso See me “yet wih) ep ps compan nie wl ran toma oe Ryigh ston wd dene We 4 i Le noe The RS of ut (136 ee ipo Be RS ie San yy tng yen mm nn es ig sic poses ontop sion rie ach tis ut wel epcaly whee (he components 1 be spel ave wily feat Care pe he in sitet 1 Say is mg can se segs lity nb ao a age need shh ie oe et megan So Febantbpote an pl mepo cm see “Tenia rca cousin of operon tc in ria so tome hn egao cane be tion 9, ae FS HLT. CENTRAL LIBRARY Fete so etm stan ee sisae patty price pa nd gd se lone ata ean by eels atl in blr hangs The tai mitre the fe a sepa ‘ia apenas cng wae wry he pee el ad «vg is fore ath ‘pes fii sey, Tei wih fm he mo eset a he uta rapa leh scp fom he ch eign cane. Ph ‘Selon comms un ten inn, nig ntcompen system in he pe ‘Comierccc mole of «Tis mine, ting yale ton of te moe oa competi ed sh til it Let he te stn oe fd i opr wl ‘ne non fe me aie an te i pate gueae-pheny we Feces tetety vp Sut 0 ae percent erie) aeeetey nc rit tn eer ee pei wl pl i rh ee the equilibrium diagram is shown in Fig. 1.6. re PS (Z Ping the ter iain era a ain 1 ke 1:7: tnennnon ofan fra vet sone athe sf atnng te enn compotion p(B Contin Rett Binary Stems = Fa se kd ee ps er eco cnt cmc anil pacie as pie tana thf la ald he eng aces whr he pwd exept ts ccd oa ec ed tl en Tht of ps i rg ct in cme i Th ling in sh led i A cae ee eS al prt oe el ple img ede Heald sepia Resa tmp of te components os gd ive by seit vit ga ped oe wae ope! 1 te rg laos sascenine rapes nd cen Fete! way ming tt pal wong devs ows ood ed see ee ich nt ore we in opr te tae det Ba ccc re so Ee Neder ie enone nese Caco ant mann eet heme etl coop nh op ine! eg tee re i eh cna gs os cae peal pra sn onto ys nge na fe op nd on ec shin es) ae malig Pat res to neon manage cand stoma ane Ste ce i wh eh me cng etn Cams vfs elope ean ae oi ncn fr be aac fat ois ef inc el vie it wn 2 a rem dt long, see Sits ena hu ean cosa be hing ‘With sepa che prt ss recent ae ole Leeann ommivanenenaeenaee eestor i icoiorepact nt tmenmrv ncaa | i= eerie is ol “Refer wo Fig, 1.9 wherein the plates ace mumiered serially from the top dows. Consider the Phage casera pen beeper i Syemaniaee rece anavene es sree a en ae eee meee! Pate. = ‘fu finally the too fui streams leave the pate in equiiium with each ether, Thas, the plate [rece ete ees eed ree oe pra abe ery te whore apa 7 | ts plate for plates wand n= respectively in equlibeiam with each other. ee a ee eee ein Secon aS eee oo alee ae | Stent ses) te someone clo change oth elie aes, Duing ent | AECSS fc St fhe mee sola snc vp fom Se Ei on ‘Coon eld womcent fm fo yd se of hs wee compe ed ‘an | ‘Steed fm oon Ving tea he apr encanto ot Yo = scar TAPS pbs Ctl gs ote sw ec) Vt bw ti of ON PoP ea a Ho reprernet er Pcrser aay - : Pr. eh for fie om eee Pt ‘ig. 1.16 Boiling pit dlagram showing, te Yet Seer oes eee a ig it Heting sect ncaing condenser Materia balance: Se Stan mie cmp i thy 0) ‘ssc oc ee woo RE ne mera tn: Oo octet mae ie wien Fe = dae oo ot cepreny as) Pa Dsw (12>) stn, mate ain oe eit component Aone rtd he mre mpc) oe oer Nas = tate Die ox) ptied « Aaa; Anka poet ee AF = XD ene W 4s er: Yon. oe ap pn (1 ml 8 ple we Dank Wi ees as ae ‘From Equation (151) mining Wom pi nd 1 DWP = (¢— Ne )AXp 0) ao} Bae a see vas Deas gy Bate? ate Reg el a Rt Coa cng tt tn 84 ae ee HS toni 21 [ae Ren) ee esi th yes f gad 31a union (1.8) 8 1 md 5 (2 6 ey eae | ccontmues ofthe poim of ineseson of operating Be att a-ine IRs 8 she ‘equilib sg aete |= gt) Sg DL ys Ty Faela TT Ty Fa Retro ‘aglg=1) +a DL rom Equi (L86, ave Bale] *2 ata pine rei rerio Webwag i RS a ese fm sien Egan (9) Ae ef Ls of Egon (1.8) 3 ble oe ad en pane 18. i iso quion LA) = (a2 D=Lot4-1¢ 59K DT na) litg Demthnt = Rad torte Bekah Cesing tems wee Brucaredaa pr arin atin he ve of eainan of he LHS i Eun (1:85) wt 2 Sse ‘ote comings ofthe pit fins othe ern es with i: pepe sowie point fection fe fring tin (ese con) ier ete ce oon Hilt Rn comes Tosti a. = Goa oP alegg D2 DL + er Dioar ra DD "kelp fhe eon, we ae Rim a) fr «Boek sty tnd ed oon vide ahem of he RS and LIS Eatin by Oa 1) (1 ec Tiieatr hte eed astra 18.6 pt tet geigeeaiatD | “bt ae a= se enn ee eitetth aa ues | aon iS hn en i ee a ang We singer) spewing = HC gr ICD tna BRE seer gain (1.9 9 die nif sate ae sane nis ihe ro pes a iu sin tee iil (1 eee cees 8 eta tard eh ovary «[ ton (191 te ese tn rie te fe i asad ap | evar aets fet ien aida bing po Le feed sata ai, aera Wehne: nee HD ce Mak hn Be td) stsatg- Dt ee eer ATES Rail xo - +d MALT CENTRAL LIBRARY 2 SR aE a oe kee Rosine DCL #3e DO— se hess) (1-n0 be eg he en ef nt wh 8 Seta slash pC ison he ain cane Egor Pian lien ay ie by Sui te ale fn gen (1.95) gon (1.9 Hoa =] ll 10D) 0p * ried sera periverar Holt =a) ae llama) lla yf RS SHS] sail -2)-eul1-49) te an S- ee os ee gee eat ear a te comet Tea eee er seis gacioSeas ig 1M: Method of abana R Gataratel yp eed) ‘Soy (5) and ae te linn aes apo dd pe compte eer Suttthe e !f in.98 no gation (197. Gas a baesrer een _Seiolesen a eres aan bes el (q-n) lea) Ra = Se 19s) a vapor on (0100) 2 pac tse gehen eect cpa A) ‘ Sieh Eguon (H) hen pes, : ono te sce ie ie Sai che ae rene eae {iy i oe he pnting in fr he ing eon sane afl = a = tll! att —n0 este scam gen S SHO (age ag) eet) toa He BEE Ita g) = elt === as tales gee Vinh vag lw up the soma he ih flo South cfun nhs pron Huw dwn hom elo the side ei he ig fer mt =f v= ml ta] bg oe smite eg a “The material hace for any plate inthe wetfying section between de fo plate amd the tn 1:10 am et, This niu ah ee am rt ei sn ree pie a ing 0 nen Fee ots conprins sad ntl]. lie sm aa eT pe eed we nso ait om WeleseD si a cere dete eee eel ee nn spon mote ty tte te prota Vee H BNET hase ws nm non of the operating line applicable for » portion of the retfying section sperma sem en eh i igre per] “Term he po enon of se gen oeaing Ka te dap SRSLY cw te esa he et sco soe Dg teeing sin a Ly susp Welon = Ske 50 Wate: ve ased. ve SoD. oo Su¢De ig 1.3 Coan wi dst ser Ineo eine on mas sted ow donne com ne stip eon nd Vi thst op ihe clunn ne pig ete “ead ram aly enone gi ten eS te nga with einer +1 eee DiS +D,(94¢ DiS + Donte a i she Ti tec te tp operating ine. ‘he op operating tne x= (or th slope LV) (pin tn cin ah i i mh ns) nthe ign wpe ge LN eps nh the pit of inert fh ine ae opening Tine (Gaerne ro of ope et fie trv Revie em Sse ii ew te de aeapreeneniaple So sea Sheth he spe ena Ts pnts he is he ed ‘tes: ang tc) mall are espero Bren as ae de sos ces = aoa rea ee Slater “a i mnt 1 <2 ty an | a4 One =| | AE orga E | rc ig 1.38: Use af open ste ctracon eal stapes instep econ tr seu enring he ann septs il wpe gid a he te oe ne co Oe een ann H hy the a La Beso clam | any eH he ty of peed tan dy he nny stn eam. ree en (ou) ng peo now i meh ett) ect el et ace ‘revs mater aa Poncho Sear Method Aeseamininet 3, ‘tag csp wen ner eae, poet songs 0 Ilda “herein ote sal ete by the of open sa Desai Trl aes ofthe cmpone owe mn thsiing sons Logn) Vie BoE ade aves and ‘othe pring ine hip son ps og he poi 8 =, =O i ee lesen mate etna potas he 9 Sora [eset opting hae UN (1. ig 1.36: Fractnting lama (Matera ane aos) $$ a we ve wade etd eee Wy Foch al Sma. emi Be ‘ero pts by his tae peor esa ed va i oe ‘Staton The Foch Sua nt tne ht apy open aon Se ihe ops ie ey dan Th ely men gram Sem | ie dec 9 he ie ce Ho 3 2 sn es | "A iiitin wit wich nk fd of comps etic anton hich Des dat ogo W sot pt ont withwn vrai btwn ne "i ples umbred pdown rp ad mining ing eon ‘bese she. henner ad ye eed | The rl al bles oe he cole is Fits Bilge c+ W liye a) ‘sci le et ese) (Oe = DMs Qs Wily Pa, | sion (L118) geese et oe le ot hee, Theme ance oe te conden { viz mend (118) Vig, = Diets ‘ec lend ecm Vithy = Gerla Vik, = Gertler Diy a Hy (Re Diy (y+ Dy aL =R 1 HR Ha 9) Fpton (119 reve te et nd leone (0) Recah econ Fete see ac he yl on Vou = ta D see an ig 137 Rec ect ‘he Lo aon (1.120 es ne Nw fine A - is, nt fw of Apart gen dt, he RS Een (30 ae, I idow tte nt eof fw of ene Apel cant eet ie ‘hinterin ncn saga er ch ferme weve e inte * Di 1210 te the terme the et al et mnie with edie ean @ eats = ath ether ala = BO am Th St of gion (1.122 tenn of aw of to-do sc hea fw sua Fen rine RS of Bsn 12 om 0 {St of et ow ops comin ete fli omer nt seo. Thee SAS oe te at thn hn ome be i ad onthe * Lala nu-L Eo Ko Me ‘So combining Eqns (121) an (L129, ne et MULT. CENTRAL LIBRARY ary toon uae ante So Eaton (1128) o ext composting oh te sei png te rt Vn ar Soh Ln he 2 nd et ‘u(r it ar somber pect te iene nes «fot san ih aman se 1 he lee twee apr ad i set eset paes of ongston yu tay Venta = de 25) ‘te ay dag Egon (12) et sution of ie i of ope e/a ping cg psy a 3) 1-H 10) Pig 1.38 Recs Acne taal under and ef low buble ple 1 ee re a tan Tn cso ol ont, he lie Da els Ly a having theme compton ot etnpy come aoe ty again thyme ang the ae esas He). Sagan ry apo a BT it D nae ha ts he lend ‘Spat ch btn ety coe Whe ah De te St ny ha tome eon ee Di on acai Ap on he Hy gm with it conines (oC) tnd » ie dough ots. Ve pan anon hs ie mark yt chick H = Te ty Dan won (rtame ne athyahatin te same omg). ‘Whe satrap Ving fom pt oe comer codes cole se ashe ne amin wt of Dandy The sad vapour Ve shorn te arse vapour cane Hy) ts cerns Hye Sn of oe) Shee plac wach ensue nh Vy tel on he ule poe Tet gd tres et oe or rig Pom Vp Stic ni gran te gl pt A then gre hry ww te ‘viv cune touts Ban en daw ec ph Bow Hwee tL As Eun (1.120 appa any te nse esi ston, can ead on ‘halve sae by dering hoy tree gti Va aa Sy i aay ete ght be ow The eo Ves pt so te ‘See bd The pt ped wma i 18d al sch pi de ‘Sc opeting crea pce hnnghy == The ifeace ot is oe hs Wo ae conten le lt xd Wee. Sonn tas Qo Oth Othe em=the Oh 6 1 QM taekenehs ¥ teen i Frnt ie enh it ven by Bin (1.177 ean Ne ed ee tee yi tt ysl of can ea Nw ante ad cnr aia ne vr aa ieRing he pom pve hf ane emf eon 8 | “Te LS of Egon (130) he re ef ff compet A aa fe. the mett of ow € core A rer As RE of Egan (10) eat ses dln cont i lees nee fr stiri poe eer Siena voy pat To Ws cn dele ee reer of Am 1 Mant y= Vig, Hau? « 1e1Q" beth et flow et awd he to pr of att pra a ee aaa oa ita or ah ieeuee tanga un aint kt Coens iy Han Veg, Hr = WO" (113 » oy pea eet eanemapemeneees a . Ee Nou oe Ayah = Vay Yam t We "i 1.29: Put connor epegmntor) tae ca pt ost lated nc hee oth cose se vpo paca wt. Nel te gt ing the condense ody oul ih ni i age rele Ly lb he ea fe | Thc Viste ecto ie Ly Avec oreo april condone ‘oe well age he aero Ura plac eee ithe cfu wl {20 PEt eer i cc ng Te fa ext ea 8 ot Lost “he SiS; rec tol pla wh mi ny ha eign Be Va 6) Vans Yn ig Vig ae 39 Wetoe, t= Yq 1, tha Vy Bs = WO" ‘minting W between ee gus ek Us thai Has = iy -Va I a Hn Va Hoa = by QV QP YE Wo a Sh ie dence pi wc "9 (= settee aes oat te Data =| | quaion (1.136) i a stsght tine on the Hay agra pusing, though i ‘it flinch seq he et fl ona (W) of pein f) ek compton dt xy ihe verene am (0 gram, Ege (136 ght psig gh pos) a (a te wh pe of ‘3 ! Fig 140: Siping ton th baton predates gid) ation (1) gpl alas he stipe con. Ome Hy dagen tas pit Wn he edad cue My) pt a OPW al ee aed of sa ea eA a ering ie eps by Eton (13s phy eee he ie fn cela oar nes th uae cr tin, he igh ton erga atjenonpetnoemran eat tae fey teen bereericpa i iota ao tee bns esmaoaen esas are Siabeeccie ear cree Eoeaoy omens oes acemepianeren he oe ae eee orien Satie wig te Saat en samy (9 a ‘mang Fence gations (115) and (140 oes ew, 0g sor Die Wie = DO+ We =D@-1) Ho" or es aaa sunaon Conine ti (L1)an(10 we pw = teste Ma i o-oo a.) (0s ety aga, Egon (15) ne line png oath pois (| Ftc aps and | Seo) Fac ig LAt Compl front, eco igi below babble pit an tet cadens In Fig A, he ston of pat yt nee at he ed Ag eo ee ps fed nto state La he ee oi Fie hae Sas tscd gd ca dm ts com Hf sted sper fed Gast ‘Sf. il onthe red wap clu are” yu, te tt ep Qh Sng, an Fe mst on ing tg ne ‘Stepwise Procure fr Determination of Nomber f ea plas wang Pench svar lib (0) Latte te pin Fon the ay Sagem Coord of te H)-Frepsn e Si Ff nd el ae wh ‘cepa baton cmt (oy Late eyo sere gh 1 Etp Te coda oy Tecate at = nth ia = (0) Wem tht. Fn Hone se ei ie. Joi Fa ee ie Tc nian! he eral ine = rte ded pi at yi wc exten 3 eto axa oy cet apt ae ee ah» =o pe A in opis ta rae feet (sy Wea ert 08 esate age cre Tog = 00 he Hey “Sapam top nvr wc he dpa 2) on te 2 aga pa ‘Tarh A posed say opt Bon heh crea en Tough ie sta Hy dm oat see ica IineVwhichica elie eset nao ge ‘Sima pte Ie oe ape oe stig Ly Ly and dawing Se Hes Vin Wines types tio een pie) x) Wynd wi lo eae tp ie. Son Tyan mk Vs He ih ie yates thst gr ‘The sae peste alge oe eng Vy Vo start vapour cure {a Vora yea ene ight ne) co) Tha np tl ye ci he in ee ae tic ial a he sate iad tv a Jae yh ‘peseain te plain came om he op. oe ome rte at wl (a) to Yann wil i on the se tight ie. Joa (ai) Rapa te shove memiond prose Fr fetes contraction ofthe sumer ‘hea pel eed pe hh | tray tena i ed ie each. | ‘Tcl nich cs hin Fess ed ae roe he in fing Se ees sie 142) ie VL: crmes th ne ah aaa Fan te pac 7 om he ep te od pe. Afra in Teeter ne deme eie TAG'S eta YL ces dough poe Fad oie pie 34 umn ps th ed n,n ed oy lee Bi ( ofyvaco ' Pines e142: Determination mmr plating etaly-

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