5 92 C H A P T E R 12 DEFLECTION OF BEAMS AND SHAFTS

12 PROBLEMS

12–1. An L2 steel strap having a thickness of 0.125 in. and *12–4. Determine the equations of the elastic curve using
a width of 2 in. is bent into a circular arc of radius 600 in. the x 1 and x 2 coordinates. EI is constant.
Determine the maximum bending stress in the strap.
P
12–2. The L2 steel blade of the band saw wraps around
the pulley having a radius of 12 in. Determine the maximum
normal stress in the blade. The blade has a width of 0.75 in.
and a thickness of 0.0625 in.

a
L
12 in.
x1 x2

Prob. 12–4

12–5. Determine the deflection of end C of the 100-mm-

diameter solid circular shaft. The shaft is made of steel
having a modulus elasticity of E = 200 GPa.

Prob. 12–2

A C
B
12–3. A picture is taken of a man performing a pole vault,
and the minimum radius of curvature of the pole is x1
estimated by measurement to be 4.5 m. If the pole is 40 mm x2
in diameter and it is made of a glass-reinforced plastic for 2m 1m
which Eg = 131 GPa, determine the maximum bending
stress in the pole. 6 kN

Prob. 12–5

12–6. Determine the equations of the elastic curve for the

beam using the x 1 and x 3 coordinates. Specify the beam’s
maximum deflection. EI is constant.

A
r ! 4.5 m

x1 B
L
L
2
x3

Prob. 12–3 Prob. 12–6

 12.2 SLOPE AND DISPLACEMENT BY INTEGRATION 593

12–7. The beam is made of two rods and is subjected to
the concentrated load P. Determine the maximum
deflection of the beam if the moments of inertia of the rods
are IAB and IBC, and the modulus of elasticity is E.
12–10. Determine the equations of the elastic curve for
the beam using the x coordinate. Specify the slope at A and 12
maximum deflection. EI is constant.
12–11. Determine the deflection at the center of the beam
and the slope at B. EI is constant.

B M0
A C
B
l A
L
x
Prob. 12–7 L

Probs. 12–10/11

*12–8. The shaft is supported at A by a journal bearing

that exerts only vertical reactions on the shaft, and at C by a
thrust bearing that exerts horizontal and vertical reactions *12–12. Determine the equations of the elastic curve for the
on the shaft. Determine the equations of the elastic curve beam using the x 1 and x 2 coordinates. Specify the slope at A
using the coordinates x1 and x2. EI is constant. and the maximum displacement of the beam. EI is constant.

A C B P P
a a

x1 x2
P A B
a b
x1
Prob. 12–8 x2
L

Prob. 12–12
12–9. Determine the equations of the elastic curve for the
beam using the x1 and x2 coordinates. EI is constant.

12–13. Determine the maximum deflection of the beam

P and the slope at A. EI is constant.

M0 M0
x1
x2 A B
L L
2 2 a a a

Prob. 12–9 Prob. 12–13

 5 94 C H A P T E R 12 DEFLECTION OF BEAMS AND SHAFTS

12–14. The simply supported shaft has a moment of inertia
12 of 2I for region BC and a moment of inertia I for regions AB
and CD. Determine the maximum deflection of the shaft
due to the load P.
*12–16. The pipe can be assumed roller supported at its
ends and by a rigid saddle C at its center. The saddle rests
on a cable that is connected to the supports. Determine the
force that should be developed in the cable if the saddle
keeps the pipe from sagging or deflecting at its center. The
pipe and fluid within it have a combined weight of 125 lb>ft.
EI is constant.

12.5 ft 12.5 ft

P A C B
1 ft

A B C D Prob. 12–16

L
– L
– L
– L
–
4 4 4 4 12–17. Determine the elastic curve in terms of the x1 and
x2 coordinates. What is the deflection of end C of the shaft?
Prob. 12–14 EI is constant.

A B C M
0

x1
x2

12–15. The two wooden meter sticks are separated at their
centers by a smooth rigid cylinder having a diameter of
50 mm. Determine the force F that must be applied at each
end in order to just make their ends touch. Each stick has a
width of 20 mm and a thickness of 5 mm. Ew = 11 GPa.
L
L 2
Prob. 12–17
12–18. The bar is supported by a roller constraint at B, which
allows vertical displacement but resists axial load and moment.
If the bar is subjected to the loading shown, determine the
slope at A and the deflection at C. EI is constant.
12–19. Determine the deflection at B of the bar in
Prob. 12–18.

P
F F
C
A B

L
— L
—
F 0.5 m 0.5 m F 2 2

Prob. 12–15 Probs. 12–18/19

 12.2 SLOPE AND DISPLACEMENT BY INTEGRATION 595

*12–20. Determine the equations of the elastic curve 12–23. Determine the equations of the elastic curve using
using the x 1 and x 2 coordinates, and specify the slope at A the coordinates x1 and x2, and specify the deflection and 12
and the deflection at C. EI is constant. slope at C. EI is constant.

8 kip A B C
M0
A B C

x1 x2

20 kip!ft L L
x1 x2
Probs. 12–23
20 ft 10 ft

Prob. 12–20
*12–24. Determine the equations of the elastic curve
using the coordinates x1 and x2, and specify the slope at A.
EI is constant.
12–21. Determine the maximum deflection of the solid
circular shaft. The shaft is made of steel having
E = 200 GPa. It has a diameter of 100 mm. A B C
M0

8 kN
x1 x2
6 kN!m 6 kN!m
A C B L L

Probs. 12–24

x
1.5 m 1.5 m 12–25. The floor beam of the airplane is subjected to the
loading shown. Assuming that the fuselage exerts only
Prob. 12–21 vertical reactions on the ends of the beam, determine the
maximum deflection of the beam. EI is constant.

12–22. Determine the elastic curve for the cantilevered

W14 * 30 beam using the x coordinate. Specify the
maximum slope and maximum deflection. E = 29(103) ksi.

80 lb/ft
3 kip/ ft

8 ft
A 2 ft 2 ft

x B
9 ft

Prob. 12–22 Prob. 12–25

 5 96 C H A P T E R 12 DEFLECTION OF BEAMS AND SHAFTS

12–26. Determine the maximum deflection of the rectangular *12–28. Determine the slope at end B and the maximum
12 simply supported beam. The beam is made of wood having a deflection of the cantilever triangular plate of constant
modulus of elasticity of E = 1.5 (103) ksi. thickness t. The plate is made of material having a modulus
of elasticity of E.

b
600 lb 2
b
2

L
A
A 6 in.
B

x1 x2 3 in.
t P

8 ft 4 ft x
B
Prob. 12–26
Prob. 12–28

12–29. Determine the equation of the elastic curve using

the coordinates x1 and x2, and specify the slope and
12–27. Determine the elastic curve and the maximum
deflection at B. EI is constant.
deflection of the cantilever beam.
12–30. Determine the equations of the elastic curve using
the coordinates x1 and x3, and specify the slope and
deflection at point B. EI is constant.

w
w0
C
A

x1 B
A
a
x x2 x3
L L

Prob. 12–27 Probs. 12–29/30

 6 18 C H A P T E R 12 DEFLECTION OF BEAMS AND SHAFTS

12 PROBLEMS

12–51. Determine the slope and deflection at C. EI 12–54. If the bearings at A and B exert only vertical
is constant. reactions on the shaft, determine the slope at B and the
deflection at C. EI is constant.

15 kip P P

A B C
A
C
B a a a a
30 ft 15 ft
Prob. 12–54
Prob. 12–51
12–55. The composite simply supported steel shaft is
subjected to a force of 10 kN at its center. Determine its
maximum deflection. Est = 200 GPa.
*12–52. Determine the slope and deflection at C. EI
is constant.

200 mm
A
10 kN
200 mm

A 200 mm
C
B 200 mm
6m 3m
40 mm
Prob. 12–52 B
5 kN 20 mm
5 kN

Prob. 12–55
12–53. Determine the deflection of end B of the cantilever
beam. EI is constant.
*12–56. If the bearings at A and B exert only vertical
reactions on the shaft, determine the slope at A and the
maximum deflection of the shaft. EI is constant.
P P

50 lb!ft 50 lb!ft
A B
A B
C D
L L
2 2 2 ft 4 ft 2 ft

Prob. 12–53 Prob. 12–56

 12.4 SLOPE AND DISPLACEMENT BY THE MOMENT-AREA METHOD 619

12–57. Determine the maximum deflection of the shaft. 12–61. Determine the position a of roller support B in
EI is constant. The bearings exert only vertical reactions on terms of L so that the deflection at end C is the same as the 12
the shaft. maximum deflection of region AB of the overhang beam.
EI is constant.

_a a _a
2 2
P
A B
L

A C
B
P P a

Prob. 12–57 Prob. 12–61

12–58. Determine the deflection at C and the slope of the

beam at A, B, and C. EI is constant.
8 kN!m
A B
12–62. The flat spring is made of A-36 steel and has a
rectangular cross section as shown. Determine the
maximum elastic load P that can be applied. What is the
deflection at B when P reaches its maximum value? Assume
that the spring is fixed supported at A.

C
6m 3m A P

Prob. 12–58
B
0.1 in.
14 in.
3 in. 1.5 in.
12–59. Determine the slope at A of the solid circular shaft
of diameter 100 mm. The shaft is made of steel having a
Prob. 12–62
modulus elasticity of E = 200 GPa.

*12–60. Determine the deflection at C of the solid circular

shaft of diameter 100 mm. The shaft is made of steel having
a modulus elasticity of E = 200 GPa. 12–63. Determine the slope and the deflection of end B of
the cantilever beam. EI is constant.

A B C

A
M0 B M0
1.5 m 1.5 m 1.5 m
L L
6 kN 6 kN 2 2

Probs. 12–59/60 Prob. 12–63

 6 20 C H A P T E R 12 DEFLECTION OF BEAMS AND SHAFTS

*12–64. The beam is subjected to the loading shown. *12–68. Determine the slope at A and the maximum
12 Determine the slope at B and deflection at C. EI is constant. deflection of the simply supported beam. EI is constant.

M0 M0
M0
A B
L
A B
Prob. 12–68
C
a b 12–69. Determine the slope at C and the deflection at B.
EI is constant.
Prob. 12–64
P
M0 = Pa

12–65. The beam is subjected to the loading shown.

A B
Determine the slope at A and the displacement at C. Assume
the support at A is a pin and B is a roller. EI is constant. C
a a

Prob. 12–69
P P P
12–70. Determine the slope at A and the maximum
deflection in the beam. EI is constant.

A C B 12 kip
a a a a
24 kip!ft

A B
Prob. 12–65

6 ft 12 ft 6 ft

Prob. 12–70
12–66. The shaft supports the gear at its end C. Determine
the deflection at C and the slopes at the bearings A and B.
12–71. The beam is made of a ceramic material. In order to
EI is constant. The bearings exert only vertical reactions on
obtain its modulus of elasticity, it is subjected to the loading
the shaft.
shown. If the moment of inertia is I and the beam has a
12–67. The shaft supports the gear at its end C. Determine measured maximum deflection ! , determine E. The supports
its maximum deflection within region AB. EI is constant. at A and D exert only vertical reactions on the beam.
The bearings exert only vertical reactions on the shaft.
P P

B C

A B A D
C

a a
L
–– L
––
2 2 P L

Probs. 12–66/67 Prob. 12–71

 12.4 SLOPE AND DISPLACEMENT BY THE MOMENT-AREA METHOD 621

*12–72. A beam having a constant EI is supported as 12–75. Determine the slope at B and the deflection at C of
shown. Attached to the beam at A is a pointer, free of load. the beam. E = 200 GPa and I = 65.0(106) mm4. 12
Both the beam and pointer are originally horizontal when
no load is applied to the beam. Determine the distance
between the end of the beam and the pointer after each has
been displaced by the loading shown. 40 kN

18 kN!m

15 kN 20 kN A
B
C
C 3m 3m
B
A Prob. 12–75
2m 1m 1m

Prob. 12–72
*12–76. Determine the slope at point A and the maximum
deflection of the simply supported beam. The beam is made
of material having a modulus of elasticity E. The moment of
inertia of segments AB and CD of the beam is I, while the
12–73. Determine the slope at A and the maximum
moment of inertia of segment BC is 2I.
deflection of the shaft. EI is constant.

M0 M0 P P

A B
A D
B C
L L L
L L L
3 3 3
4 2 4
Prob. 12–73 Prob. 12–76

12–74. The rod is constructed from two shafts for which

12–77. Determine the position a of roller support B in
the moment of inertia of AB is I and of BC is 2I. Determine
terms of L so that deflection at end C is the same as the
the maximum slope and deflection of the rod due to the
maximum deflection of region AB of the overhang beam.
loading. The modulus of elasticity is E.
EI is constant.

C A
B M0
A B C

a
L L
L
2 2

Prob. 12–74 Prob. 12–77

 6 22 C H A P T E R 12 DEFLECTION OF BEAMS AND SHAFTS

12–78. The beam is subjected to the loading shown. 12–81. The two bars are pin connected at D. Determine
12 Determine the slope at B and deflection at C. EI is constant. the slope at A and the deflection at D. EI is constant.

w w

A B
C
a a
_ a
_ a
2 2

Prob. 12–78 P

A C
B D
L L
– L
–
12–79. The cantilevered beam is subjected to the loading 2 2
shown. Determine the slope and displacement at C. EI is
constant. Prob. 12–81

P
w

A B C
a a

Prob. 12–79 12–82. Determine the maximum deflection of the beam.

EI is constant.

*12–80. Determine the slope at C and deflection at B. EI

is constant.

w
w w
C
A B
A B C D

a a a a a

Prob. 12–80 Prob. 12–82

 6 28 C H A P T E R 12 DEFLECTION OF BEAMS AND SHAFTS

12 PROBLEMS

12–83. The W10 * 15 cantilevered beam is made of A-36 12–87. The W12 * 45 simply supported beam is made of
steel and is subjected to the loading shown. Determine the A-36 steel and is subjected to the loading shown. Determine
slope and displacement at its end B. the deflection at its center C.

3 kip/ft 12 kip

50 kip!ft
B
A A B
6 ft 6 ft C
12 ft 12 ft
Prob. 12–83
Prob. 12–87

*12–84. The W10 * 15 cantilevered beam is made of

A-36 steel and is subjected to the loading shown. Determine
the displacement at B and the slope at B. *12–88. Determine the slope at A and the deflection at
point C of the simply supported beam. The modulus of
elasticity of the wood is E = 10 GPa.
6 kip 4 kip

3 kN 3 kN

100 mm

B A A C B 200 mm
6 ft 6 ft

Prob. 12–84 1.5 m 1.5 m 3m

12–85. Determine the slope and deflection at end C of the
overhang beam. EI is constant.
12–86. Determine the slope at A and the deflection at
point D of the overhang beam. EI is constant.
Prob. 12–88
12–89. The W8 * 24 simply supported beam is made of
A-36 steel and is subjected to the loading shown. Determine
the deflection at its center C.

w
6 kip/ft
5 kip!ft
A C
D B A B

a a a C
8 ft 8 ft

Probs. 12–85/86 Prob. 12–89

 12.5 METHOD OF SUPERPOSITION 629

12–90. The simply supported beam carries a uniform load
of 2 kip>ft. Code restrictions, due to a plaster ceiling, require
the maximum deflection not to exceed 1>360 of the span
length. Select the lightest-weight A992 steel wide-flange
beam from Appendix B that will satisfy this requirement
and safely support the load. The allowable bending stress is
sallow = 24 ksi and the allowable shear stress is tallow = 14 ksi.
Assume A is a pin and B a roller support.
*12–92. The W10 * 30 cantilevered beam is made of A-36
steel and is subjected to unsymmetrical bending caused 12
by the applied moment. Determine the deflection of the
centroid at its end A due to the loading. Hint: Resolve the
moment into components and use superposition
y

15 ft
30
A
x

M ! 4.5 kip"ft

8 kip 8 kip Prob. 12–92

2 kip/ft 12–93. The rod is pinned at its end A and attached to a
torsional spring having a stiffness k, which measures the
torque per radian of rotation of the spring. If a force P
A B
is always applied perpendicular to the end of the rod,
determine the displacement of the force. EI is constant.
4 ft 8 ft 4 ft
P

Prob. 12–90 k

12–91. The simply supported beam is made of A-36 steel
and is subjected to the loading shown. Determine the
deflection at its center C. I = 0.1457(10-3) m4.
Prob. 12–93
12–94. Determine the vertical deflection and slope at the
end A of the bracket. Assume that the bracket is fixed
supported at its base, and neglect the axial deformation of
segment AB. EI is constant.
3 in.

6 in.

20 kN
4 kN/m A

A
C B
5m 5m 8 kip

Prob. 12–91 Prob. 12–94

 6 30 C H A P T E R 12 DEFLECTION OF BEAMS AND SHAFTS

12–95. The pipe assembly consists of three equal-sized 12–97. The wide-flange beam acts as a cantilever. Due to
12 pipes with flexibility stiffness EI and torsional stiffness GJ. an error it is installed at an angle u with the vertical.
Determine the vertical deflection at point A. Determine the ratio of its deflection in the x direction to its
deflection in the y direction at A when a load P is applied at
this point. The moments of inertia are Ix and Iy . For the
solution, resolve P into components and use the method of
superposition. Note: The result indicates that large lateral
deflections (x direction) can occur in narrow beams, Iy V Ix,
when they are improperly installed in this manner. To show
this numerically, compute the deflections in the x and y
directions for an A992 steel W10 * 15, with P = 1.5 kip,
u = 10!, and L = 12 ft.
C L
–
2

L
– u
P 2
L Vertical
–
A 2 B P y
u
Prob. 12–95
L

A
x

Prob. 12–97
*12–96. The framework consists of two A992 steel
cantilevered beams CD and BA and a simply supported
beam CB. If each beam is made of steel and has a moment
of inertia about its principal axis Ix = 118 in4, determine the 12–98. Determine the vertical deflection at the end A of
deflection at the center G of beam CB. the bracket. Assume that the bracket is fixed supported at
its base B and neglect axial deflection. EI is constant.

P
a
A
A
15 kip

B
D b

C 8 ft
G
8 ft
16 ft
B

Prob. 12–96 Prob. 12–98

 12.7 STATICALLY INDETERMINATE BEAMS AND SHAFTS—METHOD OF INTEGRATION 635

PROBLEMS 12

12–99. Determine the reactions at the supports A and B, 12–102. Determine the reactions at the supports A and B,
then draw the shear and moment diagram. EI is constant. then draw the shear and moment diagrams. Use
Neglect the effect of axial load. discontinuity functions. EI is constant.

P
P

A B A B

L
– L
–
1– 2– 2 2
3L 3L
Prob. 12–102
Prob. 12–99
12–103. Determine the reactions at the supports A and B,
then draw the shear and moment diagrams. EI is constant.
*12–100. Determine the value of a for which the maximum
positive moment has the same magnitude as the maximum
negative moment. EI is constant. w

A
P B

Prob. 12–103
a
L *12–104. The loading on a floor beam used in the airplane
is shown. Use discontinuity functions and determine the
rections at the supports A and B, and then draw the moment
Prob. 12–100 diagram for the beam.

12–101. Determine the reactions at the supports A, B,

and C; then draw the shear and moment diagrams. EI is
constant.

P P
30 lb/in.

A C A B
B
L L L L
2 2 2 2 120 in. 120 in.

Prob. 12–101 Prob. 12–104

 6 36 C H A P T E R 12 DEFLECTION OF BEAMS AND SHAFTS

12–105. Use discontinuity functions and determine the *12–108. Determine the moment reactions at the
12 reactions at the supports, then draw the shear and moment supports A and B, then draw the shear and moment
diagrams. EI is constant. diagrams. Solve by expressing the internal moment in the
beam in terms of Ay and MA. EI is constant.

w
8 kN/m

A B

A C
B L
4m 4m
Prob. 12–108
Prob. 12–105

12–109. The beam has a constant E1I1 and is supported by

the fixed wall at B and the rod AC. If the rod has a cross-
sectional area A 2 and the material has a modulus of
12–106. Determine the reactions at the support A and B. elasticity E2, determine the force in the rod.
EI is constant.

w0
L2 w

A B
A B

L L1

Prob. 12–106 Prob. 12–109

12–110. The beam is supported by a pin at A, a roller at B,

12–107. Determine the reactions at pin support A and
roller supports B and C. EI is constant.
and a post having a diameter of 50 mm at C. Determine the
support reactions at A, B, and C. The post and the beam are
made of the same material having a modulus of elasticity
E = 200 GPa, and the beam has a constant moment of
inertia I = 255(106) mm4.

15 kN/m
w

A
C B
C
A B 1m

L L 6m 6m

Prob. 12–107 Prob. 12–110