Compact Balanced Dual-Band Bandpass Filter With

Tunable Upper Band Using Hybrid Structure

2021 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT) | 978-1-6654-3437-9/21/$31.00 ©2021 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICMMT52847.2021.9617915

Zhuo Fan Jiao, Rui Yi Guan, Jin Xi Zhang, Chang Jiang You, Zhiguo Wang and Guangqiang Yin
University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
Chengdu, China
2939498390@qq.com

Abstract- In this paper, a reconfigurable balanced dual-band The SIW part is based on TE101 mode. Fig. 2 shows the
filter based on microstrip and SIW hybrid structure is proposed. field distribution of TE101 mode of the second-order SIW
The upper passband and lower passband are determined by SIW
and microstrip line respectively. The two parts don’t interfere cavity. It can be seen that due to the existence of the slot, the
with each other, so the two passbands can be designed electric field of TE101 mode is destroyed in the middle,
independently. By slotting in the symmetry line of the middle forming a symmetrical field diagram about the symmetry line
metal layer, the structure maintains excellent common mode AA '.
rejection. On this basis, the varactors are loaded in the SIW part
to make the center frequency of the upper passband tunable. The
measured results show that the center frequency of the upper
passband can change from 4.9GHz to 5.38GHz, while the lower
passband remains unchanged basically, which verifies the
feasibility of the design.
Index Terms- Balanced tunable filter, dual-band, microstrip
and SIW hybrid structure, common-mode suppression, varactor.
I. INTRODUCTION
With the development of cognitive radio and the increasing
Fig.1 The structure of proposed balanced filter without tunable
demand of multi-function transceiver, reconfigurable dual- elements
band filter has been widely used. At the same time, combined
with the anti-interference characteristic of balance circuit,
tunable balanced dual-band filter [1]-[6] has gradually become
a research hotspot. In [1], Li Heng Zhou and others designed a
balanced filter with tunable lower passband using varactor-
and stub-loaded dumbbell-shaped resonator, but its common
mode suppression can only guarantee 18dB. In [2], a tunable
balanced filter based on non-resonant mode is proposed. The
frequency of two passbands can’t be adjusted independently. (a) (b)
It can be seen that there are still some breakthroughs for the
Fig. 2 TE101 mode field distribution in the SIW cavity
performance and function of reconfigurable dual-band
balanced filter. A tunable dual-band balanced filter based on For the passband of SIW, the center frequency is 5.5GHz,
microstrip line and SIW is proposed in this paper. The upper the relative bandwidth is 4.4%. The theoretical value of the
passband is independently adjustable by varactors and has design parameters can be calculated from the second-order
good common mode suppression. Chebyshev low-pass prototype values. The element values are:
II. TUNABLE BALANCED DUAL-BAND FILTER g0=1, g1=3, g2=0.5339, g3=5.8095, so the theoretical values of
coupling coefficient and quality factor can be obtained by
The structure of proposed balanced filter without tunable equations (1) and (2), that is, M12 = 0.0571, Qe1 = Qe2 = 69.86.
elements is shown in Fig. 1. The SIW cavity occupies the top FBW
M i , i +1 = (1)
substrate, the feeder and stripline resonator are under the g i g i +1
bottom substrate, and the bottom substrate is empty. The g 0 g1 g n g n +1 (2)
inherent suppression of common mode signal is realized by Qe1 = Qen =
FBW FBW
slotting in the symmetrical line of the middle metal layer. In
Then, the corresponding coupling structure and feed
this paper, the materials used for the top and bottom dielectric
structure can be obtained by matching the extracted coupling
layers are both Rogers RO4350 with a relative permittivity of
coefficient and quality factor. According to equation (3), the
3.48, and a thickness of 0.508mm.
coupling coefficient can be obtained:

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 f e2 − f m2 R Z =-2tan2 / tan 1 (10)
k = (3)
f e2 + f m2 It can be seen that given RZ and θ1, θ2 can determined.
\Where, fe and fm represent the two resonant frequencies of the
coupled resonator. Fig. 3 is a graph of the coupling coefficient
changing with the coupling distance w and the length of the
slot q.
The quality factor can be extracted by equation (4):
0
Qe = (4)
90
Where w0 is the resonant frequency, 90 represents the Fig. 5 the structure of microstrip resonator
frequency offset when the phase of S11 deviates 90 degrees
from the resonant frequency. Fig. 4 is a graph of the change of
quality factor with the feeder spacing p.

(a) (b)
Fig. 6 Equivalent circuit of the microstrip resonator (a) common
mode equivalent circuit; (b) differential mode equivalent circuit

Fig. 3 Variation of coupling coefficient with w and q

Fig. 7 Variation of coupling coefficient with s2

Fig. 4 Variation of quality factor changing with p

The structure of the microstrip line can be simplified as Fig.
5, where θ1 and θ2 represent the electrical length of the
sections with length l1 and l2 respectively. Similarly, Y1, Y2 are
the characteristic impedances of the sections with width w1, w2,
respectively. Under even-mode analysis method, the
equivalent models of differential mode and common mode of
the resonator are shown in Fig.6, then the input admittance of
differential mode and common mode can be obtained:
Yin _ DM = − jY1 cot 1 + 2 jY2 tan  2 (5)
Yin _ CM = jY1 tan 1 + 2 jY2 tan  2
Let the imaginary part of the input admittance to be zero,
the resonant frequency of differential mode and common
mode can be obtained:
−Y1 cot 1 + 2Y2 tan 2 =0 (7)
Y1 tan 1 + 2Y2 tan 2 =0 (8)
Let Impedance ratio RZ=Z2/Z1, Equations (7) and (8) can be
simplified as:
R Z =2tan2 / cot 1 (9)
Fig. 8 Variation of quality factor changing with s1
For the microstrip part, given fd=3.35GHz, Z1=114.94Ω,
RZ=0.75, l1=3.9mm, the value of l2 can be calculated from
equations (9) and (10). The above values correspond to the
parameters in Fig. 5, and fd represents the differential mode
resonant frequency. The relative bandwidth of the passband is
(6) 7.3%. Thus, the prototype values of the second-order
Chebyshev frequency response are g0=1, g1=3.1013,
g2=0.5339, g3 =5.8095. Similarly, we can find that M12 =
0.0571, Qe1 = Qe2 = 42.18. Fig. 7 shows the coupling
coefficient changing with s2, which indicates the space of
resonators. Fig. 8 shows the quality factor changing with s1,
which represents the space of the feeder and resonator. Then,
the values of s1 and s2 can be determined ， so that the
extracted values of M12 and Qe are consistent with the
theoretical values. Then the dimensions of the filter in Fig.1

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 can be obtained: l1=3.75mm, l2=4.45mm, l3=2.6mm,
l4=0.56mm, l5=1.94mm, w1=0.2mm, w2=0.4mm, w=12.24mm,
s2=0.35mm. s1=0.2mm, p=8.7mm, q=12.11mm.
It can be seen from Fig. 2 that TE101 mode is symmetrical
with respect to AA ', so a varactor can be loaded on both sides
of the symmetrical line to realize the frequency of the upper
passband reconfigurable. The varactors choose SMV1405-079.
Fig. 9 shows the photograph of the fabricated filter.

(c)
Fig. 10 Simulated and measurd results of the proposed filter (a)
C=0.63pF; (b) C=0.85pF; (c) C=1.05pF

(a) (b) TABLE I

Fig. 9 The photograph of the filter (a) side view; (b) bottom view COMPARISON BETWEEN THE PROPOSED DESIGN AND OTHER
SIMILAR TUNABLE BALANCED DUAL-BAND FILTERS
Simulated and measured responses are recorded in Fig. 10. CM
For the lower passband, the center frequency remains at about 3dB Indepe
Passba Freq(GH suppres
Ref. BW(MH IL(dB) ndent
3.35GHz, the insertion loss varies from 1.81dB to 3.5dB, the nd z) sion(d
z) control
B)
3dB bandwidth varies from 300MHz to 350MHz, and the Lower 1-1.26 1.5-2 40
common mode rejection is better than 46dB. With the varactor [2] No
Upper 1.8-1.93 1.2-1.7 37
capacity changing, the center frequency of the upper passband Lower 1.25-1.5 70-89.7 1.45-4.21 16
[6] Yes
can be adjusted from 4.9GHz to 5.38GHz. The insertion loss Upper 3.74 239.4 1.51 18
Lower 0.8-0.87 65-80 2.8 30
varies from 3.05dB to 4.46dB, and the common mode [4] Yes
Upper 2.4 72 2.9 30
rejection level is greater than 32.6dB in the tuning range. This Lower 3.35 300-350 1.8-3.5 46
Yes
The comparison between the filter and other similar work Upper 4.9-5.38 250-300 3.05-4.46 32.6
reconfigurable balanced dual-band filters is shown in Table I.
III. CONCLUSION
It can be seen that the proposed filter can realize tunable
single passband independently and better common mode A tunable balanced dual-band filter based on microstrip and
suppression, and its tuning range is wider. SIW hybrid structure is proposed in this paper. By changing
the capacitance of the varactor loaded in the SIW part, the
center frequency of the upper passband changes, while the low
pass band remains unchanged. In the tuning process, the
common mode rejection in both passbands is always better
than 47.8dB and 30.5dB. The measured and simulated results
are in good agreement.
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