UT-1 [31 marks]

1. Which volume, in cm3, of 0.20 mol dm-3 NaOH (aq) is needed to neutralize[1 mark]
0.050 mol of H2S(g)?
H2S(g) + 2NaOH(aq) → Na2S(aq) + 2H2O(l)
A. 0.25
B. 0.50
C. 250
D. 500

Markscheme
D

2. For which compound is the empirical formula the same as the molecular [1 mark]
formula?
Ar(H)=1; Ar(C)=12; Ar(O)=16

Markscheme
D
3. In which mixture is NaOH the limiting reagent? [1 mark]
A. 0.20mol NaOH + 0.10mol H2SO4
B. 0.10mol NaOH + 0.10mol H2SO4
C. 0.20mol NaOH + 0.10mol HNO3
D. 0.10mol NaOH + 0.10mol HNO3

Markscheme
B

4. The complete combustion of 15.0cm3 of a gaseous hydrocarbon X [1 mark]

3 3
produces 60.0 cm of carbon dioxide gas and 75.0 cm of water vapour.
What is the molecular formula of X? (All volumes are measured at the same
temperature and pressure.)
A. C4H6
B. C4H8
C. C4H10
D. C6H10

Markscheme
C

5. Why do gases deviate from the ideal gas law at high pressures? [1 mark]
A. Molecules have finite volume.
B. Cohesive forces increase the volume from the ideal.
C. Increasing pressure increases the temperature of the gas.
D. Collisions between molecules occur more frequently as pressure increases.

Markscheme
A
6. 5.0mol of Fe2O 3(s) and 6.0mol of CO(g) react according to the equation [1 mark]
below. What is the limiting reactant and how many moles of the excess
reactant remain unreacted?
Fe2O 3(s) + 3CO(g) → 2Fe(s) + 3CO2(g)

Markscheme
B

Phosphine (IUPAC name phosphane) is a hydride of phosphorus, with the formula

PH3.

7. 2.478 g of white phosphorus was used to make phosphine according to [4 marks]

the equation:
P4(s) +3OH−(aq)+3H2O(l) → PH3(g)+3H2PO2−(aq)
(i) Calculate the amount, in mol, of white phosphorus used.
(ii) This phosphorus was reacted with 100.0 cm3 of 5.00 mol dm−3 aqueous
sodium hydroxide. Deduce, showing your working, which was the limiting reagent.
(iii) Determine the excess amount, in mol, of the other reagent.
(iv) Determine the volume of phosphine, measured in cm3 at standard
temperature and pressure, that was produced.
 Markscheme
(i)
2.478
«⟨ 4×30.97 ⟩»= 0.02000«mol»
(ii)
n(NaOH)=«0.1000×5.00=»0.500«mol» AND P4/phosphorus is limiting reagent
Accept n(H2O) = 100
18
= 5.50 AND P4 is limiting reagent.
(iii)
amount in excess «= 0.500 - (3 × 0.02000)» = 0.440 «mol»
(iv)
«22.7 × 1000 × 0.02000» = 454 «cm3»
Accept methods employing pV = nRT, with p as either 100 (454 cm3) or 101.3
kPa (448 cm3).
Do not accept answers in dm3.

The concentration of a solution of a weak acid, such as ethanedioic acid, can be

determined
by titration with a standard solution of sodium hydroxide, NaOH (aq).

8. 5.00 g of an impure sample of hydrated ethanedioic acid, [5 marks]

3
(COOH)2•2H2O, was dissolved in water to make 1.00 dm of solution.
25.0 cm3 samples of this solution were titrated against a 0.100 mol dm-3 solution
of sodium hydroxide using a suitable indicator.
(COOH)2 (aq) + 2NaOH (aq) → (COONa)2 (aq) + 2H2O (l)
The mean value of the titre was 14.0 cm3.
(i) Calculate the amount, in mol, of NaOH in 14.0 cm3 of 0.100 mol dm-3 solution.
(ii) Calculate the amount, in mol, of ethanedioic acid in each 25.0 cm3 sample.
(iii) Determine the percentage purity of the hydrated ethanedioic acid sample.
 Markscheme
i
14.0
«n(NaOH) = ( 1000 ) dm-3 x 0.100 mol dm -3 =» 1.40 x 10-3 «mol»

ii
« 12 × 1.40 × 10−3 = 7.00 × 10−4 «mol»

iii
ALTERNATIVE 1:
«mass of pure hydrated ethanedioic acid in each titration = 7.00 × 10-4 mol ×
126.08 g mol-1 =» 0.0883 / 8.83 × 10-2 «g»
25
mass of sample in each titration = « 1000 ×5.00g=»0.125«g»
0.0883g
«% purity = 0.125g × 100 =» 70.6 «%»

ALTERNATIVE 2:
«mol of pure hydrated ethanedioic acid in 1 dm3 solution = 7.00 × 10-4 × 1000
25
=» 2.80×10-2 «mol»
«mass of pure hydrated ethanedioic acid in sample = 2.80 × 10-2 mol ×
126.08 g mol-1 =» 3.53 «g»
3.53g
«% purity = 5.00g × 100 =» 70.6 «%»

ALTERNATIVE 3:
5.00g
mol of hydrated ethanedioic acid (assuming sample to be pure) =
126.08gmol−1
= 0.03966 «mol»
actual amount of hydrated ethanedioic acid = «7.00 × 10-4 × 1000
25
=» 2.80 ×
-2
10 «mol»
2.80×10−2
«% purity = 0.03966
× 100 =» 70.6 «%»

Award suitable part marks for alternative methods.

Award [3] for correct final answer.
Award [2 max] for 50.4 % if anhydrous ethanedioic acid assumed.

Magnesium hydroxide is the active ingredient in a common antacid.

9. Determine the mass of HCl, in g, that can be neutralized by the standard [2 marks]
adult dose of 1.00g magnesium hydroxide.
 Markscheme
1.00
58.33
=0.0171«molMg(OH)2»
«0.0171×2×36.46=»1.25«g»
Award [2] for 1.25 or 1.26 «g».

10. How many atoms of nitrogen are there in 0.50 mol of (NH4)2CO3? [1 mark]
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3.01 × 1023
D. 6.02 × 1023

Markscheme
D

11. What is the value of x when 32.2 g of Na2SO4•xH2O are heated leaving [1 mark]
14.2 g of anhydrous Na2SO4? Mr(H2O) = 18; Mr(Na2SO4) = 142.
Na2SO4•xH2O (s) → Na2SO4 (s) + xH2O (g)
A. 0.1
B. 1
C. 5
D. 10

Markscheme
D
12. How many grams of sodium azide, NaN3, are needed to produce 68.1 [1 mark]
dm3 of N2 (g) at STP?
Molar volume at STP = 22.7 dm3 mol–1; Mr(NaN3) = 65.0
2NaN3 (s) → 3N2 (g) + 2Na (s)
A. 32.5
B. 65.0
C. 130.0
D. 195.0

Markscheme
C

13. Which statements about mixtures are correct? [1 mark]

I. The components may be elements or compounds.
II. All components must be in the same phase.
III. The components retain their individual properties.
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

Markscheme
B

14. What is the sum of the coefficients when the equation is balanced with [1 mark]
whole numbers?
—C8 H18(g) + —O 2 (g) → —CO(g) + —H2O(l)
A. 26.5
B. 30
C. 53
D. 61
 Markscheme
C

15. How many moles of oxygen atoms are there in 0.500 mol of hydrated [1 mark]
iron(II) ammonium sulfate, (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2•6H2O(s)?
A. 4.00
B. 7.00
C. 8.00
D. 14.00

Markscheme
B

16. What is the maximum volume, in dm3, of CO2(g) produced when 1.00 g of [1 mark]
CaCO3(s) reacts with 20.0 cm 3 of 2.00 moldm–3 HCl(aq)?
CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
Molar volume of gas = 22.7 dm3mol–1; Mr(CaCO3) = 100.00
1 20.0×2.0
A. 2 × 1000
× 22.7
20.0×2.0
B. 1000
× 22.7
1.0
C. 100.00
× 22.7
1.0
D. 100.00
× 2 × 22.7

Markscheme
C
17. Which factors affect the molar volume of an ideal gas? [1 mark]
I. Pressure
II. Temperature
III. Empirical formula
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III

Markscheme
A

18. A compound with Mr = 102 contains 58.8 % carbon, 9.80 % hydrogen and [1 mark]
31 % oxygen by mass.
What is its molecular formula?
Ar: C = 12.0; H = 1.0; O = 16.0
A. C2H14O 4
B. C3H4O 4
C. C5H10O 2
D. C6H14O

Markscheme
C

Menthol is an organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

19a. Complete combustion of 0.1595 g of menthol produces 0.4490 g of [3 marks]

carbon dioxide and 0.1840 g of water. Determine the empirical formula
of the compound showing your working.
 Markscheme
0.4490 g
carbon: « » = 0.01020 «mol» / 0.1225 «g»
44.01 g mol−1
OR
hydrogen: « 0.1840×2
18.02
» = 0.02042 «mol» / 0.0206 «g»

oxygen: «0.1595 – (0.1225 + 0.0206)» = 0.0164 «g» / 0.001025 «mol»

empirical formula: C10H20O
Award [3] for correct final answer.

19b. 0.150 g sample of menthol, when vaporized, had a volume of 0.0337 [2 marks]
dm3 at 150 °C and 100.2 kPa. Calculate its molar mass showing your
working.

Markscheme
temperature = 423 K
OR
«M = mR T
pV
0.150 g×8.31 J K−1 mol −1×423 K
«M = 100.2 kPa×0.0337 dm 3
=» 156 «g mol –1»
Award [1] for correct answer with no working shown.
Accept “pV = nRT AND n = m ” for M1.
M

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