4.5.

2  Maintenance of Hydro-turbine & Auxiliaries .................................................... 31 

4.5.2.1  Routine Inspection and Maintenance ....................................................... 31 
4.5.2.2  Capital Maintenance ................................................................................ 34 
4.5.2.3  Typical Problems in the Maintenance of Hydro-turbines .......................... 35 
4.5.3  Maintenance of Generator & Auxiliaries ......................................................... 37 
4.5.3.1  Routine Inspection and Maintenance ....................................................... 37 
4.5.3.2  Capital Maintenance ................................................................................ 44 
4.5.4  Routine Maintenance of Power Transformers ................................................ 46 
4.5.5  Routine Maintenance of Hydro-Mechanical Equipment .................................. 52 
4.5.5.1  Intake Gates ............................................................................................. 52 
4.5.5.2  Main Inlet Valves (MIV) ............................................................................ 53 
4.5.5.3  Draft Tube Gates ...................................................................................... 54 
4.5.6  General Problems in Electrical Circuit and Checks ........................................ 54 
4.6  Guidelines for Maintenance of Switchyards, Transmission Lines and
Sub-stations ........................................................................................................... 55 
4.6.1  General ........................................................................................................... 55 
4.6.2  Inspection and Patrolling................................................................................. 55 
4.6.3  Maintenance Schedule for Switchyard and Substation Equipment ................ 57 
4.6.3.1  Main Equipment ....................................................................................... 57 
4.6.3.2  Protection Equipment and Control System .............................................. 64 
4.6.3.3  SCADA Systems ...................................................................................... 65 
4.6.4  Incorrect Connectors/Faulty Equipment and Redundant Equipment .............. 66 
4.6.5  Procedures for Maintenance of Transmission Lines and Inspection and Tests
for Individual Equipment in the Sub-stations................................................... 66 
4.6.5.1  Maintenance of Overhead Transmission Lines ........................................ 67 
4.6.5.2  Inspection and Test for Individual Equipment in the Sub-station ............. 67 
4.6.6  Procedures for Detection of “Hot Spots”, Replacement of Incorrect
Connectors and Faulty Equipment, Removal of Redundant Equipment and
Replacement with Jumper, Formation of “Drip Loops” in vertical
Jumpers and Changing Transformer No-Load Taps Manually ....................... 68 
4.6.6.1  Procedures for Detection of Hot Spots ..................................................... 68 
4.6.6.2  Replacement of Incorrect Connecters ...................................................... 69 
4.6.6.3  Replacement of Faulty Equipment ........................................................... 70 
4.6.6.4  Removal of Redundant Equipment and Replacement with Jumper ......... 71 
4.6.6.5  Formation of “Drip Loops” in Vertical Jumpers ......................................... 71 
4.6.6.6  Changing Transformer No-load Taps Manually ....................................... 72 
5.0  REQUIREMENTS FOR EFFECTIVE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE ......................... 73 
5.1  Manpower Planning and Arrangement ................................................................... 73 
5.2  Training Program for Operation & Maintenance..................................................... 73 
5.3  Planning and Arrangement of Spare Parts, Consumables, Tools and Testing
Equipment .............................................................................................................. 74 

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