I.

1. An observational study was conducted in which researchers observed and recorded oral
behavior. An observational study is also one in which the researcher only observes the subject
without controlling for the variable. On the other hand, an experimental study is a study in
which the researcher controls most of the variables and establishes the cause and effect
relationship of a certain parameter or event under controlled conditions. Typically, this type of
research is mainly used by researchers in the scientific field.

2. Census and sampling are two methods of collecting census data. The census refers to the
total number of subjects studied and the sample refers to the number of selected subsets of
items to be included. A census is an attempt to collect data or measure a population. Even in
the case of sampling, the samples are chosen at random. Thus, there is no bias in the sample
selection.

3. Randomization refers to the random assignment of people to two or more groups, and
randomization refers to the process of randomly selecting subjects. On the other hand, random
sampling means a random selection of a sample from a population. Everyone in the population
has an equal chance of being selected from a random sample. Often used when the population
is too large.

4. Repeating an experiment or observation under the same or comparable conditions is known as

replication. Replication is important because it adds information about the reliability of the conclusions
or estimates to be drawn from the data.

II.

1.  True

2. False

3.  True

4. False

III.

1. SURVEY - You'll need to ask them if they are in a fine state or a good situation before conducting
a transplant. Another is by questioning the also if there is no problem with their kidney and if
this was in fine or great condition.
2. OBSERVATIONAL - In this case, we can use the observation method because we can find
out which people are not wearing helmets by observing. Observing can measure how
many people are not wearing helmets.
 3. EXPERIMENT – Because we need tests to see results, and verbal tests require
experimentation. For example, the question arises between two groups as to who can
and cannot benefit from potato chips prepared as a fat substitute.
4. OBSERVATIONAL – Since the user's opinion can be determined through observation, an
experimental method can be used in this study. Observations allow you to estimate how
many people will buy or not buy a product and how it will affect them.
5. SIMULATION – You may find results without real performance. Researchers can collect
data on how fast the virus is spreading in metropolitan areas.
6. OBSERVATIONAL – The reason is that the mind can measure how many people don't
wash their hands after visiting public places. Also, by observing them, you can see that
these people do not wash their hands..

IV.

1. Experimental units 
The number of females aged 30-35 years old: 250. 
The number of subjects who received the drug. 
The number of subjects who received the placebo. 
The dosage of the drug.  

 Two treatments: placebo and allergy drug.

Or, The 30-35 years old females are the experimental units that are given a treatment and
that treatment is the new allergy drug

2. Some studies may be biased because they only include women. To improve this, we
need two research-oriented groups between two different genders: boys and girls. You
can also find out which gender is more effective with a new allergy drug. 
3. The study was considered double blind, if neither the researcher nor the patient knew
whether the patient really receives a medicine or placebo.