EC3351 CONTROL SYSTEMS 2022

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

YEAR: II SEM: III

EC 3351- CONTROL SYSTEMS

UNIT 1 - SYSTEMS COMPONENTS AND THEIR REPRESENTATION

PART A

1. What is a control system? (N/D 16)

2. Define ─ Open Loop and Closed Loop control systems (M/J 11)
3. Compare open loop with closed loop control system. (N/D 17, A/M 17, M/J 16, 12, 10)
4. What are the advantages of closed loop control system? (N/D 15, N/D 12, A/M 12)
5. What is the function of an error detector in control system? (N/D 07)
6. What are the basic elements used for modeling a mechanical rotational system?
(N/D 09)
7. List the basic elements of mechanical translational system. (N/D 16)
8. Define Transfer Function. Mention its applicability in control system.
(N/D 17, M/J 12)
9. What is Block diagram? What are its basic components? (N/D 15)
10. State the block diagram simplification rule for removal of the feedback loop.
(M/J 07, M/J 09)
11. Write the rule to shift the summing point before a block. (N/D 17)
12. Write down the transfer function of the system whose block diagram is shown below
(N/D 12)

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13. Find the transfer function of the network given in Fig. (A/M 15)

14. What are the properties of signal flow graph? (M/J 12)
15. Write Mason’s gain formula of signal flow graph. (A/M - 17,15, M/J 16, M/J 13)
16. Why negative feedback is preferred in control systems (A/M-21)
17. Determine the gain of the system shown in Figure 1 (A/M-21)

PART B

1. Draw the equivalent electrical analogous (force – voltage analogy) circuit for the
mechanical system shown below. (13) (A/M 13)

2. Write the differential equations governing the mechanical system shown in Fig and
determine the transfer function V1(S)/F(s). (13) (N/D 17)

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3. Write the differential equations governing the mechanical translational system shown
in Fig and determine the transfer function. (M/J 16)

4. Write the differential equations governing the mechanical rotational system shown in
Fig. Draw the electrical equivalent analogy circuits (current and voltage). (N/D 16)

5. Write the differential equations governing the mechanical translational system as

shown in Fig. Draw the Force-Voltage and Force-Current electrical analogous circuits
and verify by mesh and node equations. (12) (N/D 15)

6. Derive the transfer function of the system shown in fig. (A/M 15)

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7. Consider the mechanical system shown in Fig, Derive the differential equations
describing the dynamics of the system and also draw the electrical analogy for the
system. (8) (A/M 13)

8. For the mechanical system shown below in figure 1, draw the force – voltage and
force- current analogous circuits.(16) (N/D 12)

9. Determine the transfer functions of the system shown in the figures 11a1 and 11a2.
(16) (M/J 12)

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10. Write the differential equations governing the mechanical rotational system for the
figure below.

11. Determine the transfer function of the network shown in figure below. (8)
(A/M 10)

12. Simplify the following diagram using block diagram reduction method. Also derive
the transfer function of the same using signal flow graph. (13) (A/M 17)

13. Determine the transfer function of the system shown in figure.(8) (A/M 10)

14. Reduce the block diagram shown in Fig and find C/R. (N/D 16)

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15. Convert the block diagram shown in Fig to signal flow graph and the transfer function
using Mason’s Gain formula. Verify with block diagram approach. (M/J 16)

16. Find the transfer function of the system shown in Fig using block diagram reduction
technique and signal flow graph technique. (A/M 15)

17. Determine the transfer function of the control system given in the figure. (8)

(A/M 13)
18. Find the transfer function of the block diagram shown in figure using Mason’s Gain
formula. (8) (A/M 13)

19. (i) For the block diagram shown below, construct the equivalent signal flow graph and
obtain C/R using Mason’s formula. (8) (N/D 12)

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20. For the block diagram shown below, find the output C due to R and C due to
disturbance D. (8) (N/D 12)

21. (i) Reduce the block diagram shown in the figure using block diagram reduction
method. (8) (M/J 12)
G4

X1 X3 X4
X2 X5
u
∑ G1 ∑ G G6 ∑ G7
3

G2

22. (i) Construct the signal flow graph for the following set of simultaneous equation and
obtain the overall transfer function using Mason’s Gain Formula. (8) (M/J 12)
X 2= A21 X1 + A23 X3 ;X3 = A31 X1 + A32 X2 + A33 X3; X4= A42 X2 + A43 X3

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(ii) Using block diagram reduction technique, find the closed loop transfer function
C/R of the system for the block diagram shown below. (8) (M/J 12)

23. Determine the transfer function of the system shown in the figure 2, by using block
reduction method.(8) (N/D 12)

24. Determine C(s)/R(s) using Mason’s gain formula for the signal flow graph shown in
fig.(8) (N/D 12)

25. The signal flow graph for a feed back control system is shown in Fig. Determine the
closed loop transfer function C(s)/R(s). (12) (N/D 15)

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26. Obtain the closed loop transfer function of the system using Mason’s in formula. (13)
(N/D 17)

27. Write the step by step procedure for determining the transfer function using signal
flow graph (8) (A/M 13)
28. Find the transfer function G(s) = X3(S)/F(S) , for the translational mechanical system
shown in Figure 3 (7)
(A/M 21)

29. Derive an expression for the transfer function of an armature controlled DC motor. (6)
(A/M 21)
30. Determine the transfer function of the system shown in Figure 4 using block diagram
reduction technique and verify it using Mason’s gain formula. (13) (A/M 21)

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31. Determine the values of Mass (M), Damper (D), spring (K) for the mechanical system
and its output response is shown in figure 5. Assume that the system was initially
relaxed.

. (9) (A/M 21)

UNIT II-TIME RESPONSE ANALYSIS

PART A

1. What are standard test signals used for time domain analysis?
(N/D 15) (M/J 16)(N/D 17)
2. What are the generalized error coefficients? (N/D 17)
3. List out the advantages of generalized error coefficients. (A/M 12)
4. Why are derivative controllers not used in control system? (A/M 12, 11)
5. Draw the transfer function model for PID control. (A/M 17)
6. List the time domain specifications. (N/D 16)
7. State the effect of PI compensation in the system performance. (M/J 16)
8. How do you find the type of a system? (M/J 15)
9. How is a control system classified depending on the value of damping? (A/M 11)
10. What is peak overshoot? (N/D 10)

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11. Define − Peak Time . (N/D 09)

12. Define− Steady State Error (N/D 17) (N/D 16)(A/M 17)(N/D 10)
13. List out the disadvantages of static error coefficients. (A/M 12)
14. How are control systems classified in accordance with the number of integrations in
the open loop transfer function? (A/M 11)
15. What is a proportional plus integral controller? (A/M 12)
16. Find the unit impulse response of system H(s) = 5s/(s+2) with zero initial conditions.
(M/J 15)
17. Write the various time domain specifications. (A/M 10)
18. A system is described by the following differential equation

is initially at rest. For input x(t) = 2u(t), determine the output

y(t). (A/M 21)
19. The unit impulse response of a system given as c(t) = – 4e–t + 6e–2t. Find the step
response of the same system for t ≥ 0 (A/M 21)

PART B
1. A unity feedback control system is characterized by the following open loop transfer
function G(S) = (4s+1) / [s(s+6)]. Determine its transient response for unit step input
and sketch the response. Evaluate the maximum overshoot and corresponding peak
time. (13) (N/D 17)
2. State the effects of PP, PI and PID controllers on the system dynamics. (N/D 16, 17)
3. Explain briefly about the operation of P, PI and PID control compensation using
simple MATLAB programs. (A/M 17)
4. Derive the time domain specifications of a second order system subjected to a step
input. (A/M 15) (N/D 16)
5. With neat block diagram and derivation explain how PI, PD and PID compensation
will improve the time response of a system. (M/J 16)

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6. Derive the time domain specifications of a first order system subjected to unit step
and ramp input. (M/J 16)
7. With a neat diagram, explain the function of PID compensation in detail. (N/D 15)
8. For a unity feedback control system, the open loop transfer function is
10(𝑠+2)
𝐺(𝑠) = , Find
𝑠2 (𝑠+1)

(1) The position, velocity, acceleration error constants.

3 2 1
(2) The steady state error when 𝑅(𝑠) = (𝑠 ) − (𝑠2 ) + (3𝑠3 ) (N/D 16)
𝐾𝑠
9. A unity feedback system has the forward transfer function 𝐺(𝑠) = . For the
(𝑠+1)2

input r(t) = 1 + 5t, find the minimum value of K so that the steady state error is less
than 0.1 (use final value theorem. (A/M 15)
10. Discuss the effect of PID controller in the forward path of a system. (A/M 15)
11. Consider the second order model,

Determine the response y(t) for a unit step input function. (16) (A/M 13)

12. The unit impulse response of a unit feedback control system is given by
c (t) = t e-t + 2 e-t (t>=0). Determine the open loop transfer function. (A/M 13)
13. The unity feedback system is characterized by an open loop transfer function
𝐾
𝐺(𝑠) = . Determine the gain K, so that the system will have a damping
𝑠(𝑠+10 )

ratio of 0.5.For this value of K, determine settling time, peak overshoot and time to
peak overshoot for a unit step input.(8) (M/J 16) (A/M 11, N/D 12)
𝐾(2𝑠+1)
14. The unity feedback system has the forward transfer function 𝐺(𝑠) = .
𝑠(5𝑠+1)(1+𝑠)2

The input r(t)= (1+6t) is applied to the system. Determine the minimum value of K, if
the steady error should be less than 0.1.(8) (A/M 11, N/D 12)
15. With suitable block diagrams and equations, explain the following types of controllers
employed in control systems (13) (A/M 11, N/D 12,A/M21)
a. Proportional controller
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b. Proportional – integral controller

c. PID controller
d. Integral controller
16. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback control system is given
𝐾
by 𝐺(𝑠) = where K and T are positive constants. By what factor should
𝑠(𝑠𝑇+1)

the amplifier gain be reduced so that the peak overshoot of the unit step response of
the system is reduced from 75% to 25%. (8) (M/J 12)
17. The unity negative feedback control system has the following forward path transfer
𝐾(𝑠+2)
function, 𝐺(𝑠) = .The input applied is r(t) =1+3t.Determine the minimum
𝑠(𝑠+5)(4𝑠+1)

value of K so that the steady state error is less than 1.(16) (M/J 12)
18. (i) Discuss the effect of derivative control on the performance of a second order
system.(8) (M/J 12)
(ii) For the PD controller shown in the figure determine the value of Td for the system
to be critically damped. Calculate its settling time. (8) (M/J 12)

19. (i) Determine K to limit the error of the system for the input 1+8t + (18/2) t 2 to 0.8
K
having G(s) H(s) = . (8) (A/M 10)
s2 (s+1)(s+4)

(ii) The forward path transfer function of a unity feedback control system is
2
G(s) = . Determine the expression for unit step response of the system. (8)
s (s+3)

` (A/M 10)
20. A unity feedback control system is shown in the figure. By using derivative control,
the damping ratio is to be made to 0.8. Determine the value of Td and compare the rise
time, peak time and maximum overshoot of the system, when
a. Without derivative control

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EC3351 CONTROL SYSTEMS 2022

b. With derivative control

The input to the system being unit step. (16) (A/M 10)

21. Derive the expression for the time response of a second order system subjected to unit step
input for under damped system and also derive the expression for peak time and rise time.
(13) (A/M 21)

UNIT III-FREQUENCY RESPONSE AND SYSTEM ANALYSIS

PART A
1. Define – Gain Margin (M/J 17) (N/D 09) (M/J 11)
2. Define – Phase Margin (M/J 11)
3. What are called constant M and N circles? (N/D 15) (M/J 16) (N/D 17)
4. List out four frequency domain specifications. (N/D 15) (M/J 16) (M/J 10) (N/D 11)
5. What is meant by corner frequency in frequency response analysis? (M/J 11)
6. Draw the circuit of a lead compensator. (M/J 11)
7. State Nyquist stability criterion. (M/J 10) (M/J 11) (M/J 12) (N/D 10)
8. What is polar plot?
9. What is Nichol’s chart? (N/D 09)
10. State the significance of Nichol’s plot. (N/D 16)
11. What is the use of Nichol’s chart? (M/J 15) (M/J 12)
12. What are the advantages of Nichol’s chart? (N/D 10)
13. Why compensation is necessary in feedback control system? (M/J 17) (N/D 17)
14. What is series compensation? (M/J 16) (N/D 16)
15. What is the transfer function of a lead compensator network?
16. What are the different compensation methods? (M/J 06)

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17. What are the various compensation networks? (M/J 09)

18. State about parallel feedback compensation. (N/D 16)
19. What are the characteristics of phase lead network? (M/J 15)
20. What is meant by compensation and compensators? (M/J 09)
21. What are the MATLAB commands for plotting a Bode diagram?
Y(s) 4s+6
= ? (N/D 11)
U(s) s3 +3s2 +8s+6
22. The Nyquist plot of G(jω) H(jω) for a closed loop control system, passes through (–1,
j0) point in the GH plane. Find the gain margin in Db (A/M21)

23. The transfer function of a phase lead compensator is given by where

T > 0. What is the maximum phase shift provided by such a compensator.
(A/M21)

PART B
1. A unity feedback control system has
𝐾
G (s) = .
[s (𝑠 + 4)(𝑠 + 10)]
(i) Draw the Bode plot.
(ii) Find K, when phase margin is 30o. (N/D 17) (M/J 10)
𝐾
2. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is 𝐺(𝑠) = . It is
𝑠(𝑠+1)
desired to have the velocity error constant Kv = 12/Sec and phase margin as 40o,
Design a lead compensator to meet the above specifications. (N/D 17)
3. For the following transfer function draw the Bode plot, find the gain and phase
margin:
5
G (s) = .
[s (10 + 𝑠)(20 + 𝑠 )]
1
4. Design a lead compensator for the system 𝐺(𝑠) = with damping coefficient
𝑠(𝑠+2)
equal 0.45, velocity error constant >20 and small setting time. (M/J 15)
5. A unity feedback control system has
10
G (s) = .
[s (𝑠 + 1)(𝑠 + 2)]
Draw the Nyquist plot and comment on closed loop stability. (M/J 10)
6. (i) Sketch the Bode magnitude plot for the transfer function
100 (1+0.1𝑠)
G (s) = (1+0.01𝑠)(1+𝑠). (8) (N/D 11)

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(ii) For a unity feedback system with closed loop transfer function (8) (M/J 12)
G(s)
G (s) = ,
1+G(s)

derive the equations for the locus constant M circles and constant N circles.
7. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is given by
1
𝐺(𝑠) = 𝑠(1+𝑠)2 . Sketch the polar plot and determine the gain and phase margin.
(N/D 16)
8. Plot the polar plot for the following transfer function (M/J 17)
15
G (s) = .
(s + 1)(𝑠 + 3)(𝑠 + 6)
9. Sketch the Bode plot for the following transfer function and determine the Phase
margin and gain margin. (N/D 15)
20
G (s) = .
s (1 + 3𝑠)(1 + 4𝑠)
1
10. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is G (s) = s2 (1+𝑠)(1+2𝑠).

Sketch the polar plot and determine the gain margin and phase margin.
(N/D 15)(N/D 10)
11. A unity feedback control system has
Ke−0.2s
G (s) = .
[s (𝑠+2)(𝑠+8)]

Draw the Bode plot and determine K for the following two cases
(i)Gain margin equal to 6dB (ii)Phase margin equal to 45o (16) (M/J 11)
6. A control system has
𝐾
G (s)H (s) = .
[𝑠 (𝑠 + 2)(𝑠 + 10)]
Sketch the Nyquist plot and hence calculate the range of values of K for stability.
(M/J 12) (M/J 11)
7. Sketch the Bode plot for the transfer function and determine the system gain K for the
gain cross over frequency to be 5 rad/sec.
Ks 2
G (s) = .
[(1 + 0.2𝑠)(1 + 0.02𝑠)]
Determine the value of K for the gain cross-over frequency to be 5 rad/sec (16) Dec10
8. (i) For the following transfer function
𝐾 (𝑠 + 3)
G (s) = ,
[𝑠 (𝑠 + 1)(𝑠 + 2)]

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sketch the Bode magnitude plot by considering slope contributions from each pole
and zero. (8) (M/J 12)
. (ii) Draw the polar plot for the transfer function
10 (𝑠+2)
G (s) = . (8)
[𝑠 (𝑠+1)(𝑠+3)]
(N/D 11)
9. Construct the Nyquist plot for an open loop transfer function of the system given by
K(1 + s)2
G (s)H (s) = .
s3
Determine the range of K for stability. (16) N/D 10)
10. Sketch the Nyquist plot for a system with an open loop transfer function
𝐾(1 + 0.4𝑠)(𝑠 + 1)
G (s)𝐻(𝑠) = .
[(1 + 8𝑠)(𝑠 − 1)]
Determine the range of K for which the system is stable. (16) N/D 11)
11. Consider the unity feedback system with an open loop transfer function is
K
G (s) = .
[s (s + 1)(s + 2)]
Design a suitable lag-lead compensator for the following constraints:
(i) Static velocity error constant = 10
(ii) Phase margin = 50o
(iii) Gain margin ≥ 10 dB (16) (M/J 11)

12. Consider a unity feedback open loop transfer function

100
G (s) = .
[s (1 + 0.1s)(1 + 0.2s)]
Draw the Bode plot and determine:
(i) Phase and gain cross frequencies
(ii) Phase and gain margin
(iii) Stability of the system (16) (M/J 13)
13. Explain in detail, the design procedure for lead compensator using Bode plot.
(M/J 16) (M/J 13)
14. Explain in detail, the design procedure for lag compensator using Bode plot.
(12) (N/D 16)
15. Discuss briefly about the lag, lead and lag-lead compensator with examples.

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(M/J 17) (N/D 17)

16. A unity feedback system has a plant transfer function of

. i) For K=8, draw the Bode plots and find phase margin and gain margin. ii) What
would be the value of K for a phase margin of 30° and what is the corresponding gain
margin ? (8+5) (A/M 21)
Design a lead compensator to meet the following specifications for a unity feedback
system with open loop transfer function (A/M 21)

It is desired to have the velocity error constant Kv ≥ 50 and phase margin is ≥ 20 (13)
17. Sketch the root locus for the given unity feedback system that has the forwardpath
transfer function
(A/M 21)

i) Using a second-order approximation, design the value of

K to yield 10% overshoot for a unit-step input. (10)
ii) Determine the settling time (2% error), peak time, undamped natural frequency and
steady-state error for the value of K designed in (i). (5)

0
UNIT IV-CONCEPTS OF STABILITY ANALYSIS
PART A
1. What are the necessary conditions for stability? (M/J 16) (N/D 17)
2. What is BIBO stability? (N/D 16) (M/J 11) (N/D 11)

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3. State Routh Hurwitz’s criterion for stability? (N/D 17) (M/J 04)
4. Write the advantages of Routh Hurwitz’s stability criterion. (N/D 17)(N/D 11)
5. Write the limitations of Routh Hurwitz’s stability criterion.
6. What is root locus? (A/M 12)
7. What is the angle criterion for root locus? (N/D 07) (A/M 09)
8. Write the magnitude condition for root locus.
9. Define - Breakaway Point
10. State the rules for obtaining the breakaway point in root locus. (A/M 11)
11. List out the effect of addition of poles on a root locus and the system.(N/D 07)(N/D10)
12. What are the applications of root locus method? (N/D 03)
13. How will you find root locus on real axis? (M/J 16)
14. Define Gain Margin. (N/D 17)
15. How stability of a system is defined based on the location of the roots of the
characteristics equation?
16. Define – Poles and Zeros
17. What is dominant pole? (N/D 15) (N/D 16)
18. The addition of a pole will make a system more stable. Justify your answer. (N/D 17)
19. What are the effects of adding open loop poles and zero on the nature of the root locus
and on system? (N/D 17)
20. What are the steps to be followed to determine the breakaway point of a root locus?
21. What are the advantages of Nyquist plot? (M/J 08, 09, 10, 12)
22. Define – Encirclement of a point
23. What is Nyquist stability criterion? (N/D 15) (A/M 17) (N/D 17)
24. Find the range of K for closed stable behavior of system with characteristic equation
2𝑠 4 + 12𝑠 3 + 22𝑠 2 + 12𝑠 + 𝐾 using Routh Hurwitz stability criterion. (M/J 15)
25. What will be stability of the system when the roots of characteristics equation are
lying on imaginary axis? (N/D 17)
26. Find the number and direction of encirclements around the point – 1 + j0 in the

complex plane by the Nyquist plot of (A/M21)

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27. What is dominant pole ? (A/M21)

PART B
1. Sketch the root locus of the system with an open loop transfer function,
K
G (s) = .
[s (s + 2)(s + 4)]

Determine the value of K, so that the damping ratio of the closed loop system is 0.5.
(M/J 10) (N/D 12) (M/J 12)
2. Sketch the root locus for the system having
K
G (s)H(s) = . (M/J 11)
s(s2 +2s+2)

3. A certain unity negative feedback control system has the following open loop transfer
function
K
G (s)H(s) = .
s (s+2)(s2 +2s+5)

Determine the breakaway points and draw the root locus for 0 ≤ ω ≤ ∞. (N/D 12)

4. A unity feedback system is characterized by the open loop transfer function,

K
G (s) =
(s + 2)(s3 + 10s 2 + 49s + 100)

(i) Using Routh-Stability criterion, calculate the range of K when the system is stable.
Determine the value of K for the sustained oscillations in the closed loop system.

(ii) Determine the frequency of sustained oscillations. (M/J 11)

5. Using Routh-Stability criterion,

(i) Determine the stability of a unity feedback control system, if the open loop
e−sT
transfer function is G (s) = s (s+2)

(ii) A closed loop control system has the following characteristic equation

s3 + 4.5s 2 + 3.5s + 1.5 = 0 (M/J 10)

6. Using Routh-Stability criterion, determine the stability of the following system

1 9
(i) G (s)H(s) = (ii) G (s)H(s) = (M/J 08)
(s+2) (s+4) s2 (s+2)

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7. Explain the procedure to determine the stability of the closed loop system, if the open
loop transfers function G(s) H(s) is given using Nyquist stability criterion. (N/D 08)

8. Using Nyquist stability criterion, determine the stability of closed loop system if the
open loop transfer function is

(s + 2)
G (s) H (s) =
[(s + 1)(s − 1)]

Comment on the stability of open loop and closed loop system. (N/D 09)

9. Using Nyquist stability criterion, determine the stability of the system with open loop
transfer function
(4s+1)
G (s) H (s) = [s2 (1+s)(1+2s)] (M/J 08)

10. Sketch the Root locus of the system

K (s+3)
G (s) = . (M/J 13)
s (s+1)(s+2)(s+4)

11. Consider the sixth order system with the characteristic equation
s6 + 2s5 + 8s4 + 12s3 + 20s2 + 16s + 16 = 0

Use Routh – Hurwitz criterion to examine the stability of the system. (M/J 13)

12. Define Stability. With an example, explain the steps to be followed for Routh-Hurwitz
criterion.
13. a) A feedback control system has an open loop transfer function

. i) Sketch the root locus plot and find the range of values of K for which the system has
damped oscillatory response. ii) Find the gain K at the point where the locus crosses the
0.5 damping ratio line (13) (A/M 21)

14. A unity feedback system has open loop transfer function is given by

Sketch the Nyquist plot for the system and from their obtain gain margin. (13)

(A/M 21)

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EC3351 CONTROL SYSTEMS 2022

15. If a unity negative feedback system having

is marginally stable and oscillates with a frequency of 2.5

rad/sec. Determine the values of kmar and p.
(6) (A/M 21)

UNIT V
STATE VARIABLE ANALYSIS
PART-A
1. Write the state model of nth order system. (N/D 17)
2. State Shannon’s sampling theorem. (N/D 17)
3. List some advantages of sampled data control systems. (M/J 17)
4. List the main properties of transition matrix. (N/D 16)
5. What is zero order hold circuit? (M/J 16)
6. What are state variables? (N/D 15)
7. Draw sampler and hold circuits. (N/D 15)
8. What is the need for state variables? (N/D 10)
9. List out the advantages of state variable analysis. (N/D 11)
10. Name the methods of state space representation. (M/J 11)
11. Define – Controllability (M/J 10)
12. Define – Sampling Theorem (M/J 15)(M/J 17)(N/D 16) (N/D 10)
13. What is Quantization? (M/J 11,12)
14. What is aliasing? (N/D 11)
15. How is the model matrix determined? (M/J 12)
16. Define – Observability (M/J 15) (M/J 11)
17. Define–State and State variables (M/J 16) (M/J 13)
18. How many state variables are associated with the circuit shown in Figure 2 ?

(A/M21)

19.

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EC3351 CONTROL SYSTEMS 2022

(A/M21)

PART B
1. The state model of the system is given by
𝑥1̇ 0 0 1 𝑥1 0
[𝑥2̇] = [−2 −3 0 ] [𝑥2] + [2] 𝑢
𝑥3̇ 0 2 −3 𝑥3 0
𝑥1
𝑦 = [1 0 0] [𝑥2] Determine whether the system is completely controllable and
𝑥3
observable. (M/J 16)(N/D 16) (N/D 17)
2. What are sampled data control systems? With an aid of a block diagram show basic
elements of a sampled data control system and give functioning of these elements.
(M/J 16) (N/D 17)
3. Construct the state model of the following electrical system. (A/M 17)

𝑌(𝑠) 2
4. A system is characterized b transfer function = 𝑆3 +6𝑆2 +11𝑆+6. Find the state and
𝑈(𝑠)
output equation in matrix form and also test the controllability and observability of
the system. (A/M 17)
5. A discrete time system is described b the difference equation
𝑦(𝑘 + 2) + 5(𝑘 + 1) + 6𝑦(𝑘) = 𝑢(𝑘), 𝑦(0) = 𝑦(1) = 0 and T=1 sec. Determine
(i) State model in canonical form (ii) State transition matrix. (N/D 16)
6. Construct a state model for a system characterized by the differential equation
𝑑3 𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
( 𝑑𝑡 3 ) + 6 ( 𝑑𝑡 2 ) + 11 ( 𝑑𝑡 ) + 6𝑦 + 𝑢 = 0 (8)(M/J 16)
7. Construct a state model for a system characterized by the differential equation
𝑑3 𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
( 𝑑𝑡 3 ) + 6 ( 𝑑𝑡 2 ) + 11 ( 𝑑𝑡 ) + 6𝑦 = 6𝑢 in diagonal canonical form. (8)(N/D 15)
8. Consider a system represented by the state equation 𝑋 = 𝐴𝑋 + 𝐵𝑈 ; 𝑌 = 𝐶𝑋 where
0 1 0 1
𝐴= [ 0 0 1 ], 𝐴 = [0] and 𝐴 = [10 5 1].
−6 −11 −6 1
Check the controllability and observability of the system. (N/D 15)
9. A system is represented by the state equation 𝐴 = 𝐴𝐴 + 𝐴𝐴 ; 𝐴 = 𝐴𝐴 where

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EC3351 CONTROL SYSTEMS 2022

0 1 0 0
𝐴 = [0 −1 1 ], 𝐴 = [ 0 ] and 𝐴 = [1 0 0].
0 −1 −10 10
Determine the transfer function of the system. (M/J 13)
𝐴1
10. Consider a system with state-space model given below (𝐴2 ) =
𝐴3
0 1 0 𝐴 1 0
(0 0 1 ) (𝐴2 ) + ( 5 ) 𝐴 ; 𝐴 = [1 0 0]𝐴 + [0]𝐴
−1 −5 −1 𝐴3 −24
Verif that the system is observable and controllable. (M/J 15)
𝐴(𝐴) 3
11. A system is characterized by the transfer function𝐴(𝐴) = 𝐴3+𝐴2 +11𝐴+6 . Identify the
first state as the output. Determine whether the system is completely controllable and
observable. (M/J 13)
12. Determine the state space representation of the armature controlled D.C. motor with
load shown below:

Choose the armature current as ia, the angular displacement of shaft as θ, and the
𝐴𝐴
speed 𝐴𝐴 as state variables and θ as output variables. (M/J 12)

0 1 0
13. (a) The state model matrices of a system are given below 𝐴 = [0 0 1]
0 −2 −3
0
𝐴 = [0] and = [3 4 1] . Evaluate the Observability of the system using Gilbert’s
1
test. (10)(M/J 12)
(b) Determine the controllability of the system described by the following equation:
−1 −1 𝐴1 0
𝐴=[ ] [ ] + [ ] 𝐴(𝐴) (6)
2 −1 𝐴2 1
(M/J 12)
14. The state space representation of the system is given below
𝐴1 −2 1 0 𝐴1 0
(𝐴2 ) = ( 0 −3 1 ) (𝐴2 ) + (0) 𝐴
𝐴3 −3 −4 −5 𝐴3 1

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EC3351 CONTROL SYSTEMS 2022

𝐴1
𝐴 = (0 1 0 𝐴2 )
) (
𝐴3
Determine the transfer function. (16) (M/J 11)
15. Write the state equations for the system shown below in which x1,x2 and x3 constitute
the state vector. Determine whether the system is completely controllable and
observable. (16) (M/J 11)

𝐴(𝐴) 𝐴+3
16. (a) Using the cascade method, decompose the transfer function = (𝐴+1)(𝐴+2) and
𝐴(𝐴)
determine the state model. (16) (M/J 10)
(b)Determine the state space representation for the electrical network shown in
figure (16) (M/J 10)

17. (a)Determine the transfer matrix from the data given below
−3 1 1
𝐴=[ ] 𝐴 = [ ] 𝐴 = [1 1] 𝐴 = 0 (16) (M/J 10)
0 −1 1
𝐴(𝐴) 𝐴+2
(b) The transfer function of a control system is given by = 𝐴3 +9𝐴2 +26𝐴+24 .
𝐴(𝐴)
Determine whether the system is controllable. (16) (M/J 10)
18. Determine the state controllability and observability of the system described by
(13) (N/D 10, A/M21)

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EC3351 CONTROL SYSTEMS 2022

19. Evaluate the observability of the system with

0 1 0 0
20. 𝐴 = [0 0 1 ] , 𝐴 = [0] 𝐴𝐴𝐴 𝐴 = [3 4 1] using Gilbert’s test. (N/D 10)
0 −2 −3 0

21. Obtain state variable model in Jorden canonical form for the system with transfer
function

(7) (A/M21)
22. A state space representation for the transfer function

Determine the value C. (6) (A/M21)

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A.TAMILSELVI, Asst.Prof, ECE -CIT